Quick release device of power battery and vehicle
By designing a power battery quick-release device, the synergy between the explosion bolts and the telescopic cylinders can achieve rapid separation of the power battery and the bracket, solving the problem of injury to personnel after the power battery catches fire and improving safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421845993.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-31
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the fire spreads rapidly after the power battery catches fire, resulting in damage to vehicles and personnel, and lacks an effective rapid disengagement device.
A power battery quick-release device is designed to fix the battery and the bracket through explosion bolts and locking structures. In a fire, the detonation gunpowder explodes and unlocks the locking structure, and combines the telescopic cylinder to push the battery to disengage, achieving rapid disengagement.
Achieve rapid separation of the power battery and bracket, avoid causing damage to personnel due to fire, and improve safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223058789U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular, to a quick detachment device for a power battery and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] For pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, the battery pack is usually fixed on the vehicle body. Once the power battery catches fire for some reason, the fire will spread rapidly, causing harm to the vehicle and personnel. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device to avoid the occurrence of the above situation. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a quick detachment device for a power battery and a vehicle. The quick detachment device for the power battery can realize the quick detachment between the power battery and the bracket, and avoid harm to personnel caused by the fire of the power battery.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides a quick detachment device for a power battery, including: a bracket for installing the power battery; an explosive bolt including an explosive part and a detonating part, the explosive part including a shell and gunpowder, a first accommodating cavity being formed inside the shell, the gunpowder being arranged in the first accommodating cavity, the shell having a separation surface capable of causing the shell to explode, a part of the shell on one side of the separation surface being used for being fixedly connected to the power battery, a part of the shell on the other side of the separation surface being fixedly connected to the bracket through a locking structure, one end of the detonating part being connected to the gunpowder and the other end extending out of the bracket; a force-bearing member for being fixedly connected to the power battery and having a force-bearing part; a telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the bracket, and a free end of a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder abutting against the force-bearing part; and a controller electrically connected to the detonating part and the telescopic cylinder respectively.
[0005] Optionally, the locking structure includes a connecting rod and a fixing block, and the shell is connected to the bracket through the connecting rod and the fixing block.
[0006] Optionally, the bracket includes a first side beam, a chute being formed along the length direction of the first side beam, a slider being slidably arranged in the chute, and the shell being used for being fixedly connected to the power battery through the slider.
[0007] Optionally, a second accommodating cavity is formed in the slider, and the explosive part is arranged in the second accommodating cavity.
[0008] Optionally, a plurality of the explosive bolts are included, and the plurality of explosive bolts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first side beam.
[0009] Optionally, the quick-release device of the power battery also includes a push plate and a support member, the support member is arranged on one side of the push plate and forms a stopping portion together with the push plate, the force-bearing member is stopped at the stopping portion and the force-bearing portion is in contact with the stopping portion, and the side of the push plate away from the support member is connected to the free end of the piston rod.
[0010] Optionally, the force-bearing member is constructed as a horizontal plate, the pushing plate is constructed as a first vertical plate, and the supporting member is constructed as a second vertical plate. The second vertical plate is arranged perpendicular to the first vertical plate and the horizontal plate, and a locking notch is formed with the first vertical plate, the locking notch is used as the locking part, and the side surface of the horizontal plate is used as the force-bearing part. The horizontal plate is stopped at the locking notch and the side surface is fitted with the locking notch, and the side of the first vertical plate away from the second vertical plate is connected to the free end of the piston rod.
[0011] Optionally, the supporting member comprises a plurality of supporting members, and the plurality of supporting members are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pushing plate.
[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, comprising a power battery and the above-mentioned quick-release device of the power battery.
[0013] Optionally, the power battery, the explosive bolt and the bracket are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the vertical direction.
[0014] Through the above technical scheme, the quick-release device of the power battery provided by the present invention fixes the bracket and the power battery together through the explosive bolts and the locking structure when being used to install the power battery. In this way, when a fire occurs, the controller sends a fire signal to the detonator. After receiving the fire signal, the detonator triggers the explosion of the gunpowder and blows the shell apart from the separation surface to release the constraint of the locking structure on the explosive bolt, so that the power battery and the bracket connected by the explosive bolt and the locking structure are disconnected from each other. At the same time, the controller controls the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder to apply force to the power battery through the force-bearing member, thereby pushing the power battery away from the bracket. In this way, the power battery and the bracket can be quickly disconnected, thereby improving the safety of the power battery during use and avoiding injuries to personnel due to fire of the power battery.
[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the assembly structure of the quick-disconnect device of the power battery and the power battery provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the assembly structure of the quick-disconnect device of the power battery and the power battery provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the line A-A of
[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the partial enlarged view at C in
[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the line B-B in
[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the partial enlarged view at D in
[0023] Explanation of reference numerals
[0024] 1 - Bracket; 11 - First side beam; 111 - Slide groove; 12 - Second side beam; 2 - Explosion bolt; 21 - Explosion part; 211 - Housing; 212 - Separation surface; 213 - Gunpowder; 214 - First accommodation cavity; 22 - Detonator; 3 - Force-bearing member; 31 - Force-bearing part; 4 - Telescopic cylinder; 41 - Piston rod; 5 - Slide block; 51 - Second accommodation cavity; 6 - Pushing plate; 7 - Support member; 8 - Latching part; 9 - Power battery; 10 - Connecting rod; 13 - Fixed block. Detailed description of the specific implementation
[0025] The following will describe in detail the specific implementation of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only for explaining and illustrating the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.
[0026] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the orientation terms such as "upper, lower" refer to the upper and lower in the direction of gravity during actual use, corresponding to Figures 3 to 6 the upper and lower directions in the drawing direction in
[0027] The present disclosure provides a quick release device for a power battery, referring to Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, the quick release device of the power battery includes: a bracket 1, which is used to install the power battery 9; an explosive bolt 2, including an explosive member 21 and a detonating member 22, the explosive member 21 includes a shell 211 and gunpowder 213, a first accommodating chamber 214 is formed inside the shell 211, the gunpowder 213 is arranged in the first accommodating chamber 214, the shell 211 has a separation surface 212 that can make the shell 211 explode, the part of the shell 211 located on one side of the separation surface 212 is used to be fixedly connected to the power battery 9, and the part of the shell 211 located on the other side of the separation surface 212 is fixedly connected to the bracket 1 through a locking structure, one end of the detonating member 22 is connected to the gunpowder 213, and the other end extends out of the bracket 1; a force-bearing member 3, which is used to be fixedly connected to the power battery 9 and has a force-bearing portion 31; a telescopic cylinder 4, which is fixedly connected to the bracket 1, and the free end of the piston rod 41 of the telescopic cylinder 4 is abutted against the force-bearing portion 31; and a controller (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the detonating member 22 and the telescopic cylinder 4, respectively. The detonating member 22 may be a wire, and the telescopic cylinder 4 may be a gas cylinder.
[0028] Through the above technical scheme, when the quick-release device of the power battery provided by the present invention is used to install the power battery 9, the bracket 1 and the power battery 9 are fixed together by the explosive bolt 2 and the locking structure. In this way, when a fire occurs, the controller sends a fire signal to the detonator 22. After receiving the fire signal, the detonator 22 triggers the gunpowder 213 to explode, and blows the shell 211 from the separation surface 212 to release the constraint of the locking structure on the explosive bolt 2, so that the power battery 9 and the bracket 1 connected by the explosive bolt 2 and the locking structure are disconnected from each other. At the same time, the controller controls the piston rod 41 of the telescopic cylinder 4 to apply the force to the power battery 9 through the force-bearing member 3, so as to push the power battery 9 away from the bracket 1. In this way, the power battery 9 can be quickly disconnected from the bracket 1, thereby improving the safety of the power battery 9 during use and avoiding injuries to personnel caused by the fire of the power battery 9.
[0029] In the exemplary embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made to Figure 4 As shown in , the locking structure may include a connecting rod 10 and a fixing block 13, and the housing 211 is connected to the bracket 1 through the connecting rod 10 and the fixing block 13. Through such an arrangement, the explosive bolt 2 can be locked and fixed on the bracket 1. Among them, the connecting rod 10 and the housing 211, the connecting rod 10 and the fixing block 13, and the fixing block 13 and the bracket 1 can be connected by bolt connection, welding or bonding. Compared with the fixed connection method of welding or bonding, the bolt connection method is easy to disassemble, so it is convenient to repair and replace the corresponding parts.
[0030] In the exemplary embodiments provided in the present disclosure, referring to Figure 4As shown in , the bracket 1 may include a first side beam 11, and the first side beam 11 is formed with a slide groove 111 along its own length direction. A slider 5 is slidably arranged in the slide groove 111, and the shell 211 is used to be fixedly connected to the power battery 9 through the slider 5. Through such a configuration, when the detonating member 22 in the explosive bolt 2 receives a fire signal from the controller, it will trigger the gunpowder 213 to explode, and the shell 211 will be blown open from the separation surface 212 to release the constraint of the locking structure on the explosive bolt 2, so that the power battery 9 and the bracket 1 connected by the explosive bolt 2 and the locking structure are disconnected from each other. At the same time, the controller will also control the piston rod 41 of the telescopic cylinder 4 to extend, so that the power battery 9 can be driven to move along a preset trajectory through the action of the piston rod 41 of the telescopic cylinder 4, that is, the power battery 9 can be moved along the direction of the slide groove 111, so that the use safety of other surrounding components during the separation of the power battery 9 can be ensured, and accidental collision with other surrounding components due to the uncertainty of the moving trajectory of the power battery 9 during the separation process can be avoided. Here, the connection method between the slider 5 and the power battery 9 and the shell 211 can be bolt connection, bonding or welding. Compared with other connection methods, the bolt connection is easy to disassemble, and thus is more conducive to the maintenance and replacement of corresponding parts in the quick-release device of the power battery.
[0031] In the exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the explosive member 21 can be connected to the slider 5 in any suitable manner, and the present disclosure does not limit this. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, a second accommodating chamber 51 can be formed in the slider 5, and the explosive member 21 is arranged in the second accommodating chamber 51. On the one hand, this can reduce the weight of the slider 5, which is beneficial for the telescopic cylinder 4 to quickly push the power battery 9 after the shell 211 is exploded. On the other hand, this can also make full use of the internal space of the slider 5 to make the overall structure more compact.
[0032] In the exemplary embodiments provided in the present disclosure, referring to Figures 1 to 5 As shown in , the explosive bolt 2 may include a plurality of explosive bolts 2, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the first side beam 11. By such an arrangement, before the explosive bolt 2 explodes, that is, when the bracket 1 and the power battery 9 are normally connected, the reliability of the connection between the bracket 1 and the power battery 9 can be improved by increasing the number of explosive bolts 2 and arranging them reasonably. In order to ensure that the power battery 9 can be quickly separated from the bracket 1 during the explosion, it is necessary to ensure that the connection between the bracket 1 and the power battery 9 is all achieved through the explosive bolts 2. Here, the number of explosive bolts 2 and the spacing between two adjacent explosive bolts 2 can be flexibly set according to actual conditions, and the present disclosure does not limit this.
[0033] In the exemplary embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made toFigure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3 , the bracket 1 may further include a second side beam 12, which is perpendicular to the first side beam 11. There may be a plurality of explosive bolts 2, and the plurality of explosive bolts 2 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the second side beam 12. Through such an arrangement, explosive bolts 2 can be added between the second side beam 12 of the bracket 1 and the power battery 9, which can improve the connection strength between the bracket 1 and the power battery 9 under normal circumstances (i.e., before the explosive bolts 2 explode). Among them, to ensure that the power battery 9 can be quickly separated from the bracket 1 during the explosion process, it is necessary to ensure that all connections between the bracket 1 and the power battery 9 are realized through the explosive bolts 2. Here, the number of the explosive bolts 2 and the setting distance between two adjacent explosive bolts 2 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not limit this.
[0034] In the exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 6 , the quick release device of the power battery 9 may further include a push plate 6 and a support member 7. The support member 7 is arranged on one side of the push plate 6 and jointly forms a locking portion 8 with the push plate 6. The force receiving member 3 abuts against the locking portion 8 and the force receiving portion 31 is in contact with the locking portion 8. The side of the push plate 6 away from the support member 7 is connected to the free end of the piston rod 41. Through such an arrangement, when the detonator 22 in the explosive bolt 2 receives a fire signal from the controller, it will cause the explosion of the gunpowder 213 to release the constraint of the locking structure on the explosive bolt 2, so that the power battery 9 and the bracket 1 connected through the explosive bolt 2 and the locking structure are disengaged from each other. At the same time, the controller controls the piston rod 41 of the telescopic cylinder 4 to extend. At this time, the piston rod 41 will apply a force to the force receiving member 3 through the push plate 6, and then the power battery 9 is forced to separate from the bracket 1. Among them, the setting of the push plate 6 can increase the action range of the piston rod 41 to ensure that the piston rod 41 can always abut against the force receiving portion 31 of the force receiving member 3 during the movement of the piston rod 41, and the setting of the support member 7 is to prevent the push plate 6 from directly acting on the force receiving portion 31 of the force receiving member 3, which may cause the push plate 6 to tip over and make the entire pushing process ineffective.
[0035] In the exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the force receiving member 3, the push plate 6 and the support member 7 can be constructed in any suitable manner, and the present disclosure does not limit this. Optionally, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the force-receiving member 3 can be configured as a horizontal plate, the pushing plate 6 can be configured as a first vertical plate, and the supporting member 7 can be configured as a second vertical plate. The second vertical plate is arranged perpendicular to the first vertical plate and the horizontal plate, and a locking notch is formed with the first vertical plate. The locking notch serves as the locking portion 8, and the side surface of the horizontal plate serves as the force-receiving portion 31. The horizontal plate abuts against the locking notch and the side surface fits with the locking notch. One side of the first vertical plate away from the second vertical plate is connected to the free end of the piston rod 41. In this way, even if the space between the power battery 9 and the bracket 1 is limited, the arrangement of the first vertical plate can ensure that the piston rod 41 can always contact the force-receiving member 3 during operation. At the same time, the arrangement of the second vertical plate also avoids the first vertical plate from tipping over due to the relatively off-position of the horizontal plate on the first vertical plate during the pushing process.
[0036] In the exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in order to improve the supporting effect of the supporting member 7 on the pushing plate 6, a plurality of supporting members 7 can be provided, and the plurality of supporting members 7 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pushing plate 6. Here, the number of the supporting members 7 can be flexibly selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not limit this. Exemplarily, the number of the supporting members 7 can be two, and the two supporting members 7 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pushing plate 6.
[0037] In the above embodiment, in order to further improve the separation rate, a plurality of telescopic cylinders 4 can also be provided, and the plurality of telescopic cylinders 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first vertical plate. Exemplarily, two telescopic cylinders 4 can be provided, and the two telescopic cylinders 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first vertical plate.
[0038] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes a power battery 9 and the quick-disconnection device of the above power battery. Among them, the relevant content of the quick-disconnection device of the power battery and its relationship with the power battery 9 have been described in detail above. Therefore, to avoid repetition, the present disclosure will not elaborate here.
[0039] In the exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, referring to Figure 4 As shown, in order to separate the power battery 9 and the bracket 1 from each other in the direction of gravity after the gunpowder 213 explodes, so as to avoid affecting other structures arranged around the bracket 1, the power battery 9, the explosive bolt 2 and the bracket 1 can be arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction.
[0040] Next, the use process of the quick-disconnection device of the power battery of the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 6 :
[0041] Under normal circumstances, the bracket 1 in the quick-disconnection device of the power battery of the present disclosure is installed on an electrical device (such as a vehicle), and the power battery 9 is installed on the bracket 1 and connected to the first side beam 11 of the bracket 1 through explosive bolts 2 and a locking structure. Among them, a chute 111 is provided along the length direction of the first side beam 11, and a slider 5 is arranged in the chute 111. On the one hand, the explosive bolt 2 is connected to the power battery 9 through the slider 5, and on the other hand, it is connected to the bracket 1 through a locking structure composed of a connecting rod 10 and a fixing block 13, and the detonator 22 in the explosive bolt 2 is electrically connected to the controller. In addition, a telescopic cylinder 4 is connected to the bracket 1, and the telescopic cylinder 4 is also electrically connected to the controller. The piston rod 41 of the telescopic cylinder 4 abuts against the power battery 9 through a force-bearing member 3 on the power battery 9. Thus, when a fire occurs, the controller sends a fire signal to the detonator 22 in the explosive bolt 2. After receiving this fire signal, the detonator 22 causes the gunpowder 213 to explode, and the housing 211 explodes from the separation surface 212. At this time, the constraint of the locking structure on the explosive bolt 2 is released, and the power battery 9 connected through the explosive bolt 2 and the locking structure is disengaged from the bracket 1. At the same time, the controller controls the piston rod 41 in the telescopic cylinder 4 to extend, and the piston rod 41 can push the power battery 9 away from the bracket 1 through the first vertical plate and the horizontal plate on the power battery 9. Among them, the setting of the second vertical plate can prevent the first vertical plate from tipping over during the process of pushing the power battery 9 away.
[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0043] In addition, it should be noted that, among the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, without conflict, they can be combined in any suitable way. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not separately describe various possible combination methods.
[0044] In addition, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the present disclosure, as long as it does not violate the idea of the present disclosure, it should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A quick detachment device for a power battery, characterized in that Comprising: A bracket for mounting the power battery; An explosive bolt, comprising an explosive part and an initiating part. The explosive part includes a housing and gunpowder. A first accommodation cavity is formed inside the housing, and the gunpowder is arranged in the first accommodation cavity. The housing has a separation surface capable of causing the housing to explode. The part of the housing on one side of the separation surface is used for fixedly connecting to the power battery, and the part of the housing on the other side of the separation surface is fixedly connected to the bracket through a locking structure. One end of the initiating part is connected to the gunpowder, and the other end extends out of the bracket; A force-bearing member for fixedly connecting to the power battery and having a force-bearing part; A telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the bracket, and the free end of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder abuts against the force-bearing part; And A controller electrically connected to the initiating part and the telescopic cylinder respectively.
2. The quick detachment device for a power battery according to claim 1, wherein The locking structure includes a connecting rod and a fixing block, and the housing is connected to the bracket through the connecting rod and the fixing block.
3. The quick-disconnection device for a power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket includes a first side beam, and a chute is formed along the length direction of the first side beam. A slider is slidably arranged in the chute, and the housing is used for fixedly connecting to the power battery through the slider.
4. The quick detachment device for a power battery according to claim 3, characterized in that The slider forms a second accommodation cavity, and the explosive part is arranged in the second accommodation cavity.
5. The quick-disconnection device for a power battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are multiple explosive bolts, and the multiple explosive bolts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first side beam.
6. The quick detachment device for a power battery according to claim 1, wherein, The quick-release device of the power battery further includes a push plate and a support member. The support member is arranged on one side of the push plate and together with the push plate forms a clamping part. The force-bearing member abuts against the clamping part and the force-bearing part fits with the clamping part. The side of the push plate away from the support member is connected to the free end of the piston rod.
7. The quick-disconnection device for a power battery according to claim 6, wherein, The force-bearing member is configured as a horizontal plate, the push plate is configured as a first vertical plate, the support member is configured as a second vertical plate. The second vertical plate is perpendicular to the first vertical plate and the horizontal plate, and forms a clamping notch with the first vertical plate. The clamping notch serves as the clamping part, the side surface of the horizontal plate serves as the force-bearing part. The horizontal plate abuts against the clamping notch and the side surface fits with the clamping notch. The side of the first vertical plate away from the second vertical plate is connected to the free end of the piston rod.
8. The quick detachment device of the power battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, There are multiple support members, and the multiple support members are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the push plate.
9. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a power battery and the quick-release device of the power battery according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. The vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power battery, the explosive bolt, and the bracket are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction.