Support easy to replace

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of bridges and building structures, and particularly relates to an easy-to-replace support which comprises an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a support middle part, an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate. A first groove is formed in the surface of the upper connecting plate and fixed to the bottom of the bridge. The upper support plate is horizontally arranged below the upper connecting plate, and a first boss is arranged on the upper surface of the upper support plate and matched with the first groove of the upper connecting plate. The lower support plate is horizontally arranged above the lower connecting plate, and a second groove is formed in the lower surface of the lower support plate and matched with the second boss of the lower connecting plate. A second boss is arranged on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate is fixed to the pier padstone. The middle part of the support is positioned between the upper support plate and the lower support plate; the upper support plate and the lower support plate are connected with the corresponding connecting plates in a boss-sliding groove clamping tenon mode, the support has good rigidity, and parts can be replaced only through lifting and dragging actions in replacement and installation work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of bridge and building structures, and particularly relates to an easily replaceable bearing. Background Art

[0002] As bearings are damaged during the use of bridges or their design life expires, the demand for bearing replacement becomes more and more frequent, and the requirements for replacement efficiency and simplicity are also constantly increasing. The fixation of existing bearings to bridges mostly adopts two methods: embedded steel plates and anchoring sleeves. The fixed connection by embedded steel plates usually requires welding the bearing body to the embedded steel plate, which requires excellent welding technology and cumbersome operations; for the connection by anchoring sleeves, the sleeves need to be pre-embedded into the bridge and pier cushion stones first, and then the bearing is fixed by bolts. This method requires precise pre-embedded positioning and a long construction time. However, when replacing bearings, due to the limitations of the original fixation methods, working hours, and working environment, these two methods lead to great construction difficulty, and the bearings cannot be quickly removed. In some cases, it may even be necessary to damage the old bearings to complete the replacement. In addition, the harsh construction environment and high-altitude operations increase the complexity and safety risks of bearing replacement. Rust or deformation of bolts will also make disassembly more difficult, prolong the replacement cycle, affect the normal use of the bridge, cause traffic interruption and economic losses. Finally, the complex construction process and long construction cycle also increase the cost of bearing replacement. To solve these problems, the utility model proposes an easily replaceable bearing, which simplifies the installation and replacement process and improves the maintenance convenience of the bearing. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the above problems, the embodiments of the utility model provide an easily replaceable bearing, which can reduce the time for bearing replacement, simplifies the installation and replacement process, and improves the maintenance convenience of the bearing.

[0004] An easily replaceable bearing includes an upper connecting plate, an upper bearing plate, a lower bearing plate, a lower connecting plate, and an intermediate part of the bearing;

[0005] Further, the upper connecting plate is horizontally arranged, and a first groove is provided on its lower surface. The upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge by bolts;

[0006] Further, the lower connecting plate is horizontally arranged, and a second boss is provided on its upper surface. The lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to the pier cushion stone by bolts;

[0007] Further, the upper bearing plate is horizontally arranged below the upper connecting plate, and a first boss is provided on its upper surface. The first boss is matched with the first groove of the upper connecting plate to achieve a tenon connection method between the first boss and the first groove;

[0008] Further, the lower support plate is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate. A second groove is formed on the lower surface of the lower support plate, and the second groove is matched with the second boss of the lower connecting plate to realize the tenon connection mode between the second boss and the second groove;

[0009] Further, the middle part of the support is located between the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sectional shapes of the first groove and the second groove are one of a rectangle or a trapezoid.

[0011] Preferably, an easily replaceable support further includes a positioning and assembling component;

[0012] Preferably, the positioning and assembling component includes a positioning connecting plate, which is provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole. The upper through hole is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate, and the lower through hole is fixedly connected to the upper support plate;

[0013] Preferably, the positioning and assembling component includes a lower fixing component. The lower fixing component is an L-shaped part. The upper mounting hole is used for fixedly connecting the upper support plate; the lower mounting hole is used for fixedly connecting the lower support plate; the horizontal mounting hole is used for connecting and fixing the lower connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, hangers are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the upper support plate and in the middle of the side surface of the lower support plate.

[0015] Preferably, the middle part of the support includes a spherical crown liner assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the middle part of the support includes a tetrafluoroethylene sliding plate, an intermediate steel liner, and a bearing rubber plate;

[0017] Preferably, the middle part of the support includes a spherical crown liner assembly and a shock-absorbing spherical pendulum assembly.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, an easily replaceable support provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The tenon connection mode of the boss-groove is adopted to replace the traditional bolt fixation, so that the support has better stiffness and stability; the designed boss and groove ensure self-positioning during the installation process, enabling the support to bear a large horizontal load, and only simple actions of lifting and dragging are required to complete the replacement of components during replacement, greatly improving the work efficiency.

[0020] (2) The positioning and assembling component provides an auxiliary function during the installation and replacement processes, making the support form an integral body, facilitating hoisting and accurate positioning. After installation, the lower fixing component can be removed and the positioning connecting plate can be retained, reducing the processing cost and the usage amount of bolts; at the same time, this split design also makes the support more convenient during the replacement process, reducing the complexity of installation and disassembly;

[0021] (3) The hanging devices provided at both ends of the upper and lower bearing plates further simplify the installation and replacement process. By using a chain block or other traction tools, the upper and lower bearing plates can be easily dragged into place, enabling quick replacement of components.

[0022] (4) The design of this utility model has high versatility and is applicable to various types of bearings, including pot bearings, friction pendulum isolation bearings, spherical bearings, plate rubber bearings, etc. Through the design of the upper connecting plate, lower connecting plate, and positioning and assembling components, the installation and replacement of various types of bearings can be conveniently achieved to meet the requirements of different bridge structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper connecting plate of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper bearing plate of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower bearing plate of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the lower connecting plate of this utility model

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the positioning connecting plate of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the lower fixing component of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the positioning and assembling component of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 is a schematic connection structural view of the positioning and assembling component of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2;

[0034] Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3.

[0035] In the figures:

[0036] 1. Upper connecting plate; 11. First groove; 2. Upper support plate; 21. First boss; 3. Lower support plate; 31. Second groove; 4. Lower connecting plate; 41. Second boss; 5. Positioning and assembly component; 51. Positioning connecting plate; 511. Upper through hole; 512. Lower through hole; 52. Lower fixing component; 521. Upper mounting hole; 522. Lower mounting hole; 523. Horizontal mounting hole; 6. Hanging; 7. Spherical crown lining plate component; 8. Teflon slide plate; 9. Intermediate steel lining plate; 10. Pressure-bearing rubber plate; 12. Shock-absorbing spherical pendulum component; 18. Assembly bolt. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] Embodiment 1: An easily replaceable bearing, comprising an upper connecting plate 1, an upper support plate 2, a lower support plate 3, a lower connecting plate 4 and the middle part of the bearing;

[0038] The upper connecting plate 1 is horizontally arranged, and a first groove 11 is formed on its lower surface. The upper connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge through bolts;

[0039] The upper support plate 2 is horizontally arranged below the upper connecting plate 1, and a first boss 21 is formed on its upper surface. The first boss 21 of it is matched with the first groove 11 of the upper connecting plate 1;

[0040] The lower support plate 3 is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 4, and a second groove 31 is formed on the lower surface of the lower support plate 3. The second groove 31 of it is matched with the second boss 41 of the lower connecting plate 4;

[0041] The lower connecting plate 4 is horizontally arranged, and a second boss 41 is formed on its upper surface. The lower connecting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the pier cushion stone through bolts;

[0042] The cross-sectional shapes of the first groove and the second groove are trapezoidal.

[0043] The middle part of the bearing is located between the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 3, and the middle part of the bearing includes a spherical crown lining plate component 7.

[0044] Embodiment 2: An easily replaceable bearing, comprising an upper connecting plate 1, an upper support plate 2, a lower support plate 3, a lower connecting plate 4, a positioning and assembly component 5 and the middle part of the bearing;

[0045] The upper connecting plate 1 is horizontally arranged, and a first groove 11 is formed on its lower surface. The upper connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge through bolts;

[0046] The upper support plate 2 is horizontally arranged below the upper connecting plate 1, and a first boss 21 is formed on its upper surface. The first boss 21 of it is matched with the first groove 11 of the upper connecting plate 1;

[0047] The lower support plate 3 is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 4, and a second groove 31 is formed on the lower surface of the lower support plate 3. The second groove 31 of it is matched with the second boss 41 of the lower connecting plate 4;

[0048] The lower connecting plate 4 is horizontally arranged, and a second boss 41 is provided on the upper surface. The lower connecting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the pier cushion stone by bolts.

[0049] The cross-sectional shapes of the first groove and the second groove are rectangular.

[0050] The middle part of the bearing is located between the upper bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 3. The middle part of the bearing includes a tetrafluoroethylene sliding plate 8, an intermediate steel lining plate 9, and a bearing rubber plate 10.

[0051] The positioning connecting plate 51 of the positioning and assembling component 5, the upper through hole 511 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 1, and the lower through hole 512 is fixedly connected to the upper bearing plate 2.

[0052] The lower fixing component 52 of the positioning and assembling component is an L-shaped part. The upper mounting hole 521 is used for fixedly connecting to the upper bearing plate 2; the lower mounting hole 522 is used for fixedly connecting to the lower bearing plate 4; the horizontal mounting hole 523 is used for connecting and fixing the lower connecting plate 4.

[0053] The positioning and assembling component not only provides an auxiliary function during the installation process, enabling the upper and lower bearing plates and the upper and lower connecting plates to be accurately aligned and quickly fixed, but also serves as a tool during the disassembly and replacement process to ensure that the disassembly and replacement process is more convenient and smooth.

[0054] Embodiment 3: An easily replaceable bearing, including an upper connecting plate 1, an upper bearing plate 2, a lower bearing plate 3, a lower connecting plate 4, and the middle part of the bearing;

[0055] The upper connecting plate 1 is horizontally arranged, and a first groove 11 is provided on its lower surface along the bridge longitudinal direction. The upper connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge by bolts.

[0056] The upper bearing plate 2 is horizontally arranged below the upper connecting plate 1. A first boss 21 is provided on its upper surface along the bridge longitudinal direction, and the first boss of it cooperates with the first groove of the upper connecting plate 1.

[0057] The lower bearing plate 3 is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate 4. A second groove 31 is provided on the lower surface of the lower bearing plate 3, and the second groove 31 of it cooperates with the second boss 41 of the lower connecting plate 4.

[0058] The lower connecting plate 4 is horizontally arranged, and a second boss 41 is provided on the upper surface. The lower connecting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the pier cushion stone by bolts.

[0059] The cross-sectional shapes of the first groove and the second groove are trapezoidal.

[0060] The middle part of the bearing is located between the upper bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 3. The middle part of the bearing includes a spherical crown lining plate assembly 7 and a shock-absorbing spherical pendulum assembly 12.

[0061] A suspension device 6 is provided in the middle of the side surface of the upper bearing plate 2 and the middle of the side surface of the lower bearing plate 3. The suspension device 6 is designed in a form that is convenient for pulling and dragging, and is installed at both ends of the upper and lower bearing plates. This not only facilitates the installation and positioning of the bearing assembly, but also greatly facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the bearing. Through the suspension device, the bearing assembly can be easily pulled out or dragged from the bottom of the bridge or the pier cushion stone to the designated position, reducing the requirements for manpower and tools during the construction process, and improving the construction efficiency and safety.

[0062] Working principle: The easily replaceable bearing of the utility model connects the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate to the bottom of the bridge and the pier cushion stone respectively through the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, avoiding the complexity of direct connection of traditional bearings. The horizontal degree of freedom of the upper bearing plate is restricted by the cooperation of the boss and the chute with the upper connecting plate, and is further restricted in the longitudinal direction by the positioning connecting plate of the positioning and assembly component. The lower bearing plate and the lower connecting plate also adopt a similar boss-chute tenon connection, which is convenient for the lower bearing plate to slide out during replacement. The designed boss and groove ensure self-positioning during the installation process. The positioning and assembly component plays an auxiliary role during installation and replacement, making the seismic isolation and vibration reduction bearing a whole, facilitating hoisting and accurate positioning. After installation, the lower fixing component of the positioning and assembly component (5) can be removed, and only the positioning connecting plate is retained. The split design of the positioning and assembly component reduces the processing cost and the usage amount of bolts. The suspension devices at both ends of the upper and lower bearing plates are convenient for dragging and pulling, further simplifying the installation and replacement process. The overall design realizes the convenient replacement, stable operation and easy maintenance of the seismic isolation and vibration reduction bearing on the premise of ensuring a simple structure.

[0063] The installation of the easily replaceable bearing is divided into two cases:

[0064] First: For a cast-in-place beam bridge structure, the assembled easily replaceable seismic isolation and vibration reduction bearing needs to be installed on the pier cushion stone as a whole according to the drawing. After the beam bottom and the connecting plate are cast, they are fixed by bolts. After installation, the lower fixing component (52) of the positioning and assembly component (5) is removed, and the assembly bolts are fixed on the bolt holes below the positioning connecting plate (51);

[0065] Second: For a precast beam bridge, the assembled easily replaceable seismic isolation and vibration reduction bearing needs to be installed on the beam bottom as a whole, and then hoisted as a whole and assembled with the pier cushion stone. After installation, the lower fixing component (52) of the positioning and assembly component (5) is removed, and the assembly bolts are fixed on the bolt holes below the positioning connecting plate (51).

[0066] The steps for replacing the parts of the easily replaceable bearing are as follows:

[0067] [1] Disassembly

[0068] ① Release the longitudinal degree of freedom restriction of the lower bearing plate 3: Remove the lower bearing fixing bolts on both sides of the lower bearing plate 3 and the assembly bolts;

[0069] ②Install the lower fixing component 52 of the installation positioning and assembly component 5 and tighten the assembly bolts on each component. The assembly bolts (18) are not installed.

[0070] ③Overall jacking: Jack up the upper connecting plate 1 by 30 mm. At this time, it will drive the upper support plate 2, the middle part of the support, and the lower support plate (4) to be lifted upward together.

[0071] ④Place the shims: Place shims on both sides of the lower connecting plate 3. After the shims are placed, lower the lower connecting plate 4 until the lower support plate 3 contacts the shims, eliminate the longitudinal stress of the lowermost assembly bolt in the lower fixing component 52, and remove the lower fixing component 52. After removal, install the assembly bolts into the lower holes of the positioning connecting plate 51. At this time, the lower support plate 3 and its internal components are separated from the upper connecting plate 2 and the upper support plate 1.

[0072] ⑤Overall secondary jacking: Jack up the upper connecting plate 1 to a height of 30 mm again. Use a chain block or other traction tool to connect the hanging 6 on either side of the lower support plate 3 and drag out the lower support plate 3 and the middle part of the support.

[0073] ⑥Remove the upper support plate 2: Use a jack or other jacking and supporting tool to jack up and support the upper support plate, remove the assembly bolts of the positioning connecting plate (51), slowly lower the upper support plate 2 to the ground or a certain load-bearing skateboard with wheels, and then use a chain block or other traction tool to connect the hanging 6 of the upper support plate 2 and drag out the upper support plate 2. Thus, the disassembly of all parts is completed.

[0074] [2] Installation

[0075] ①Install the upper support plate 2: Use a chain block or other traction tool to connect the hanging 6 of the new upper support plate 2, drag the upper support plate 2 under the upper connecting plate 1, use a jack or other jacking and supporting tool to jack up the upper support plate 2 until it fits with the upper connecting plate 1, make the boss one of the upper support plate 2 cooperate with the chute of the upper connecting plate 1, align the installation holes, and then tighten the assembly bolts of the positioning connecting plate 51. After completion, remove the jacking and supporting tool.

[0076] ②Install the lower support plate 3 and its internal components: Assemble the middle part of the support, the lower support plate 3 and other components in advance, and place shims on the side where the lower support plate 3 is about to slide in. Use a chain block or other traction tool to connect the hanging 6 on either side of the lower support plate 3, drag the lower support plate 3 and its attached internal components to the center of the lower connecting plate 4, remove the shims and make the groove two of it cooperate with the boss two of the lower connecting plate 4.

[0077] ③Overall descent: Slowly lower the jacking equipment of the upper connecting plate 1 so that the upper connecting plate 1 cooperates with the middle part of the support and the lower support plate 3. After the assembly is completed, remove the jacking equipment of the upper connecting plate 51, and the replacement and installation work of all components is completed.

[0078] Through the above steps, ensure the stable and reliable installation of the easily replaceable seismic isolation bearings, with corresponding functions and performance, while ensuring the convenience of replacing each component, and improving the maintenance and replacement efficiency of the bridge seismic isolation bearings.

Claims

1. An easily replaceable bearing, comprising an upper bearing plate (2), a lower bearing plate (3), and an intermediate part of the bearing, characterized in that, It further includes an upper connecting plate (1) and a lower connecting plate (4); The upper connecting plate (1) is horizontally arranged, and a first groove (11) is formed on its lower surface. The upper connecting plate (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bridge; The upper bearing plate (2) is horizontally arranged below the upper connecting plate (1), and a first boss (21) is formed on its upper surface. The first boss (21) is matched with the first groove (11); The lower connecting plate (4) is horizontally arranged, and a second boss (41) is formed on its upper surface. The lower connecting plate (4) is fixedly connected to the pier cushion stone; The lower bearing plate (3) is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the lower connecting plate (4), and a second groove (31) is formed on the lower surface of the lower bearing plate (3). The second groove (31) is matched with the second boss (41); The middle part of the bearing is located between the upper bearing plate (2) and the lower bearing plate (3).

2. The replaceable support according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a positioning and assembling component.

3. The replaceable support according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hanging part (6) is arranged in the middle of the side surface of the upper bearing plate (2) and in the middle of the side surface of the lower bearing plate (3).

4. The replaceable support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the first groove (11) and the second groove (31) is one of a rectangle or a trapezoid.

5. The easily replaceable support according to claim 2, wherein The positioning and assembling component includes a positioning connecting plate (51) and a lower fixing component (52). The positioning connecting plate (51) is provided with an upper through hole (511) and a lower through hole (512); the lower fixing component (52) is an L-shaped part, and is provided with an upper mounting hole (521), a lower mounting hole (522) and a horizontal mounting hole (523).

6. The easy-to-replace support according to claim 1, wherein, The middle part of the bearing includes a spherical crown liner assembly (7).

7. The easy-to-replace support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle part of the bearing includes a tetrafluoroethylene sliding plate (8), an intermediate steel liner (9) and a bearing rubber plate (10).

8. The easy-to-replace support according to claim 1, wherein, The middle part of the bearing includes a spherical crown liner assembly (7) and a shock-absorbing spherical pendulum assembly (12).

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