Granular fertilizer spheroidizing and drying machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a granular fertilizer spheroidizing dryer. The opening parts of the inlet and outlet end plates and the outer surface of the roller are glidingly sealed by rubber sealing rings; a hot air pipe is fixed at the lower part of the inlet / outlet end plate; the hot air pipe is mounted on the opposite side of the climbing granular fertilizer; the nozzle sprays hot air towards the bottom of the climbing granular fertilizer. A feeding hole is formed in a bottom plate of the inlet end plate; an outlet is formed in the bottom of the outlet end plate. The heat preservation layer covers the outer surface of the roller, and the stirring inclined pieces or the stirring columns are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the roller. Granular fertilizer is spheroidized through friction, the granular fertilizer is dried through the air drying effect of hot air and the drying effect of the roller, and spheroidizing and drying are carried out at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model is applied to the field of granular organic fertilizer production, and relates to the rounding and drying of extruded granules. Specifically, it is a rounding and drying machine for granular fertilizer that combines two processes into one. Background Art

[0002] The granulation of granular organic fertilizer is an essential process. The granulation methods mainly include stirring granulation, extrusion granulation, spray drying granulation, etc. Stirring granulation mainly uses the stirring method to make the material form into round particles. This granulation method has good appearance, but the equipment occupies a large area and has a high power consumption. Extrusion granulation is to compact the powder material with a pair of rollers, and the granules are cylindrical or elliptical. Generally, multiple extrusion granulation machines are used in parallel, which has the advantages of small floor area, low energy consumption, and adjustable production capacity, so it is widely used. However, extrusion granulation will form burrs due to the gap between the rollers, which will affect the appearance of the granular fertilizer. Usually, rounding treatment is required, followed by drying and cooling, and then it is fed into the packaging machine for packaging and storage.

[0003] Under normal circumstances, rounding and drying are two processes that require two pieces of equipment, a rounding machine and a drying machine. For example, the organic fertilizer columnar extrusion granulation production line disclosed in CN212942810U is dried and cooled after extrusion granulation, and polished after screening. The rounding and powder removing device for granular potassium fertilizer disclosed in CN215997017U only has rounding and no drying. The biological fertilizer drying device disclosed in CN214582217U, the drum-type compound fertilizer drying device disclosed in CN209068896U, the drying device for organic fertilizer production disclosed in CN206572890U, etc. only have the drying function. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a rounding and drying machine for granular fertilizer, in which the granular fertilizer is rounded while being dried in the drum, so as to realize the two processes simultaneously, saving equipment investment, floor area and energy consumption.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: The rounding and drying machine for granular fertilizer includes a fixing device and a drum device. The fixing device includes a feed inlet, a hot air pipe, an inlet end plate, a nozzle, an outlet, and an outlet end plate. The front end of the drum of the drum device is provided with an inlet end plate, and the rear end is provided with an outlet end plate. The inlet end plate and the outlet end plate are barrel-shaped, and their mouths are slidably sealed with the outer surface of the drum through a rubber sealing ring. The lower parts of the inlet end plate and the outlet end plate are fixed with the hot air pipe, and nozzles are installed on the hot air pipe. The hot air pipe is installed on the opposite side of the climbing granular fertilizer, and the hot air sprayed by the nozzles faces the bottom of the climbing granular fertilizer. The feed inlet is installed on the bottom plate of the inlet end plate, and the outlet is installed at the bottom of the outlet end plate.

[0006] Further, the drum device includes a thermal insulation layer, a drum, and stirring inclined plates; the thermal insulation layer covers the outer surface of the drum, and the stirring inclined plates are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the drum. The inclination direction of the stirring inclined plates enables the granular fertilizer to flow from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0007] Further, the stirring inclined plates can be replaced by stirring columns, and the drum should be inclined at an angle of 3-8° from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0008] Further, the drum device further includes a baffle. The baffle is annular and fixed at the inlet end of the drum. An annular rubber sealing ring is fixed on the outer surface of the baffle, and a cylinder corresponding to the annular rubber sealing ring is fixed on the bottom plate of the inlet end plate. The cylinder and the annular rubber sealing ring form a sliding seal.

[0009] Further, to seal the drum, a double-disc valve is installed at the front end of the feed inlet.

[0010] Further, to enhance the air-drying effect, the hot air sprayed by the nozzle is in an umbrella shape.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: During the climbing and sliding processes of the granular fertilizer in the drum of the present utility model, the granular fertilizer is polished round by mutual friction, and at the same time, the granular fertilizer is dried by the air-drying of the hot air and the baking of the drum, realizing the simultaneous carrying out of polishing round and drying in one drum, combining the two processes into one, reducing equipment investment, reducing floor area, and saving energy consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is the front view schematic diagram of Embodiment 1;

[0013] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the A-A sectional view schematic diagram of

[0014] Figure 3 is the front view schematic diagram of Embodiment 2;

[0015] In the figure: 1 - feed inlet, 2 - hot air pipe, 3 - inlet end plate, 4 - rubber sealing ring, 5 - rolling belt, 6 - thermal insulation layer, 7 - drum, 8 - nozzle, 9 - outlet, 10 - outlet end plate, 11 - stirring inclined plate, 12 - baffle, 13 - granular fertilizer, 14 - stirring column. Specific Embodiments

[0016] The structures not described in detail in the present utility model belong to the prior art. The following is determined according to the material transfer direction of the granular fertilizer, from front to back. As shown in the attached Figure 1 figure, the front is the left inlet end, and the back is the right outlet end. Embodiment 1

[0017] The granular fertilizer rounding and drying machine in this embodiment is as shown in the attachedFigure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, it includes a fixing device and a drum device. The fixing device includes a feed inlet 1, a hot air pipe 2, an inlet end plate 3, a nozzle 8, an outlet 9, an outlet end plate 10, etc. The drum device includes a rolling belt 5, a heat insulation layer 6, a drum 7, stirring inclined pieces 11, a baffle 12, etc.

[0018] An inlet end plate 3 is arranged at the front end of the drum device, and an outlet end plate 10 is arranged at the rear end. The inlet end plate 3 and the outlet end plate 10 are barrel-shaped, and their mouths are slidably sealed with the outer surface of the drum device through a rubber sealing ring 4. On the bottom plate of the inlet end plate 3, a feed inlet 1 is installed. The feed inlet 1 is used to add the extruded wet granular fertilizer 13 into the drum 7. A double-disk valve is installed at the front end of the feed inlet 1. When the front disk of the double-disk valve is opened, the granular fertilizer falls into the cavity of the double-disk valve. When the front disk is closed and the rear disk of the double-disk valve is opened, the granular fertilizer falls into the drum 7. By using the double-disk valve, it is possible to ensure the seal inside the drum while feeding the granular fertilizer into the drum.

[0019] The hot air pipe 2 is fixed at the lower parts of the inlet end plate 3 and the outlet end plate 10. The hot air pipe 2 is used to send hot air into the drum. A nozzle 8 is installed on the hot air pipe 2. The hot air sent by the nozzle 8 is in an umbrella shape to increase the contact area between the hot air and the granular fertilizer. The position of the hot air pipe 2 and the direction of the hot air sprayed by the nozzle 8 are related to the rotation direction of the drum 7. As attached Figure 2 shown, the drum rotates counterclockwise. Under the action of friction, the granular fertilizer 13 climbs upward to the upper right. The hot air pipe 2 is installed on the left side, that is, on the relative side where the granular fertilizer 13 climbs. The direction of the hot air sprayed by the nozzle should be towards the bottom of the climbing granular fertilizer 13. While the hot air contacts the granular fertilizer 13 with the largest area, the gravity-induced downward slide is reduced, which helps the granular fertilizer to climb. At the same time, it is beneficial for the hot air to flow along the inner surface of the drum to heat the drum.

[0020] An outlet 9 is installed at the bottom of the outlet end plate 10. This outlet not only discharges the dried granular fertilizer, but also the hot air flows out from this outlet, so as to simplify the structure of the round pellet dryer. Behind the outlet 9, the hot air is separated from the granular fertilizer.

[0021] The outer surface of the drum 7 is covered with a heat-insulating layer 6 for heat preservation to prevent the drum from dissipating heat. To prevent the inlet end plate 3 and the outlet end plate 10 from dissipating heat, the outer surfaces of the inlet end plate 3 and the outlet end plate 10 are also covered with a heat-insulating layer. By fixedly connecting two rolling belts 5 to the outer surface of the drum 7, a rack is installed on one rolling belt and connected to the gear of the motor device, and the drum is driven to rotate by the motor device through the gear. One rolling belt cooperates with a supporting wheel, and while supporting the rotation of the drum, the supporting wheel limits the drum to ensure gear transmission. On the inner surface of the drum 7, stirring inclined sheets 11 are evenly and fixedly arranged, and the inclination direction of the stirring inclined sheets 11 helps the granular fertilizer to flow from the inlet end to the outlet end. During the process of the granular fertilizer climbing and sliding on the inner surface of the drum, the stirring inclined sheets 11 help to stir the granular fertilizer to increase the friction of the granular fertilizer, which helps to remove burrs and polish the outer surface of the granular fertilizer.

[0022] At the inlet end of the drum 7, an annular baffle 12 is fixedly welded to prevent the granular fertilizer from falling into the barrel-shaped inlet end plate 3 from the inlet end. An annular rubber sealing ring 4 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the baffle 12, and a cylindrical body corresponding to the annular rubber sealing ring 4 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the inlet end plate 3. The cylindrical body and the annular rubber sealing ring form a sliding seal. In this way, two seals are formed at the inlet end of the drum to ensure the sealing effect. At the outlet end of the drum, since hot air is extracted under negative pressure at the outlet 9, a rubber sealing ring can ensure the sealing effect and the hot air will not overflow.

[0023] When this embodiment is in use, the granular fertilizer falls into the drum from the double-disk plate valve through the feed inlet. The drum rotates counterclockwise under the action of the motor device, and the frictional force drives the granular fertilizer to climb upwards to the right. When it cannot bear the gravity, it slides down. During the cyclic process of the granular fertilizer climbing and sliding, the self-friction of the granular fertilizer and the friction between the granular fertilizer and the stirring inclined sheets both help to remove burrs and polish the outer surface of the granular fertilizer. When the granular fertilizer slides down, the stirring inclined sheets just push it towards the outlet end direction. During the process of the granular fertilizer climbing and sliding, the hot air at 80°C - 120°C sprayed by the nozzle directly acts on the granular fertilizer, and can enter the interior of the granular fertilizer through the gaps between the granules, so that the internal granules also have the opportunity to be air-dried. Under the action of the hot air on the inner surface of the drum, the hot air flows along the inner surface, which can quickly heat the drum, and the heated drum can dry the bottom layer of the granular fertilizer. In this way, under the action of drying and air-drying, the granular fertilizer can be quickly dried, and rounding and drying can be carried out simultaneously. After the granular fertilizer and the hot air come out from the outlet 9, the granular fertilizer enters the screening process to separate the fine powder from the granules, and the hot air enters the dust collector after heat exchange. Embodiment 2

[0024] In Embodiment 1, the drum 7 is horizontal, and the movement of the granular fertilizer 13 from the inlet end to the outlet end mainly relies on the stirring inclined pieces 11. The length and quantity of the stirring inclined pieces 11 directly determine the residence time of the granular fertilizer in the drum. In this embodiment, the drum 7 is set at an inclination angle of 3-8°, inclined from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the granular fertilizer slides towards the outlet end by means of its own gravity. At the same time, the stirring inclined pieces 11 are changed to stirring columns 14, as shown in the attached Figure 3 . The stirring columns 14 are cylindrical and evenly fixed on the inner surface of the drum. The advantages are as follows: 1) The stirring columns are easier to obtain than the stirring inclined pieces, and the manufacturing cost is low; 2) The number of stirring columns is large, and the friction effect on the granular fertilizer is good; 3) The drying time of the granular fertilizer in the drum depends on the inclination angle and the length of the drum.

[0025] The stirring inclined pieces in Embodiment 1 can also be used in combination with the inclined drum in Embodiment 2.

[0026] Even if the nozzle does not blow directly towards the granular fertilizer, as long as the hot air flows in the drum, the granular fertilizer can still be air-dried, but the air-drying effect is not as good as that of direct blowing, with slower drying speed and lower energy consumption.

[0027] The utility model utilizes the friction during the climbing and sliding processes of the granular fertilizer in the drum to round the granular fertilizer, uses hot air at a short distance to air-dry the surface and interior of the granular fertilizer, and uses the heated drum to dry the bottom layer of the granular fertilizer, thereby realizing the full-layer drying of the granular fertilizer and accelerating the drying speed of the granular fertilizer. The rounding and drying are carried out simultaneously in one drum, combining the two processes into one, reducing equipment investment, reducing the floor area, and saving energy consumption.

Claims

1. A granule fertilizer rounding and drying machine, comprising a fixing device and a drum device, characterized in that: The fixing device includes a feed inlet (1), a hot air pipe (2), an inlet end plate (3), a spray head (8), an outlet (9), and an outlet end plate (10); an inlet end plate (3) is arranged at the front end of the drum (7) of the drum device, and an outlet end plate (10) is arranged at the rear end. The inlet end plate (3) and the outlet end plate (10) are barrel-shaped, and their mouths are slidably sealed with the outer surface of the drum (7) through rubber sealing rings; the hot air pipe (2) is fixed to the lower parts of the inlet end plate (3) and the outlet end plate (10), and the spray head (8) is installed on the hot air pipe (2); the hot air pipe (2) is installed on the opposite side of the climbing granular fertilizer, and the hot air sprayed by the spray head (8) is directed towards the bottom of the climbing granular fertilizer; the feed inlet (1) is installed on the bottom plate of the inlet end plate (3), and the outlet (9) is installed at the bottom of the outlet end plate (10).

2. The pellet fertilizer round dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drum device includes a heat preservation layer (6), a drum (7), and stirring inclined sheets (11); the heat preservation layer (6) covers the outer surface of the drum (7), and the stirring inclined sheets (11) are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the drum (7). The inclination direction of the stirring inclined sheets (11) enables the granular fertilizer to flow from the inlet end to the outlet end.

3. The pellet fertilizer round dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring inclined sheets (11) are replaced by stirring columns (14), and the drum (7) is inclined at an angle of 3-8° from the inlet end to the outlet end.

4. A round pellet fertilizer dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drum device further includes a baffle plate (12), and the baffle plate (12) is annular and fixed at the inlet end of the drum (7).

5. A round granule fertilizer dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular rubber sealing ring is fixed to the outer surface of the baffle plate (12), and a cylindrical body corresponding to the annular rubber sealing ring is fixed on the bottom plate of the inlet end plate (3). The cylindrical body and the annular rubber sealing ring form a sliding seal.

6. The pellet fertilizer round dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A double-disk plate valve is installed at the front end of the feed inlet (1).

7. A round pellet fertilizer dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air sprayed by the spray head (8) is in an umbrella shape.

Images