Shell side inlet impingement plate of shell-and-tube heat exchanger and shell-and-tube heat exchanger
By designing arc-shaped upper and lower plate bodies and misaligned perforated anti-impact plate structures in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the problem of uneven flow of fluid is solved, the loss of flushing force and pressure drop of the fluid on the heat exchange tube is reduced, and the efficiency and safety of the heat exchanger are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422275520.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-18
AI Technical Summary
Traditional anti-impact baffles are difficult to accurately control the flow of fluid in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, resulting in uneven fluids and abnormal increase in flow velocity, increasing power consumption and pressure drop losses, and have a large flushing force on the heat exchange tube, affecting heat exchange efficiency and equipment safety.
A shell-tube-type heat exchanger shell-mounted inlet anti-impact plate is designed, using an arc-shaped upper plate body and a lower plate body. The two are connected by partition strips, perforated and misaligned, and welded with the support members in the shell. The fluid buffers and flows between the upper and lower plate bodies, reducing the erosion force on the heat exchange tube.
It effectively reduces the flushing force of the fluid on the heat exchange tube, reduces the pressure drop loss, improves the uniformity of the fluid distribution and the stability of the heat exchanger, and enhances the safety and economy of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223077492U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, and particularly relates to an impact plate at the shell-side inlet of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Art
[0002] The impact prevention device plays a crucial role in the design structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. It is one of the key components to ensure the long-term stable operation of the heat exchanger and extend its service life. Its careful arrangement at the shell-side inlet aims to fundamentally solve multiple damage problems that the medium flow may cause to the heat exchange tubes. Specifically, when the fluid directly enters the shell side at a high speed or in a turbulent state, its direct scouring force is sufficient to cause serious erosion and abrasion to the surface of the fragile heat exchange tubes. This physical wear not only weakens the material strength of the heat exchange tubes but may also trigger microcracks, ultimately leading to leakage. In addition, the strong scouring will also cause fluid vibration around the heat exchange tubes. This vibration not only intensifies the wear process but may also cause mutual collision between the heat exchange tubes, affecting the stability of the overall structure.
[0003] More seriously, the unbuffered fluid directly impacting the heat exchange tubes may also lead to uneven heat distribution, causing some heat exchange tubes to be locally overheated while other areas have lower temperatures. This uneven heating phenomenon will generate significant thermal stress inside the heat exchange tubes. Under long-term action, the thermal stress will accumulate and may cause the heat exchange tubes to deform, crack, or even fail, seriously affecting the heat exchange efficiency and the safety of the equipment.
[0004] Therefore, the original intention of the impact prevention device design is to effectively prevent the occurrence of the above problems by reasonably guiding the fluid flow direction, slowing down the flow rate, and dispersing the impact force. Among them, the baffle structure, as a basic form of the impact prevention device, although simple and easy to implement, also exposes some limitations in practical applications. Traditional baffle designs often have difficulty in accurately controlling the fluid flow, easily resulting in the formation of eddy currents or jet flows behind the baffle, causing abnormal local flow rate increases and uneven flow rate distribution. This uneven flow rate not only increases the power consumption of the fluid but may also cause local areas of the heat exchange tubes to bear excessive scouring force, intensifying the wear. At the same time, the sharp change in the flow rate will also bring a large pressure drop loss, affecting the efficiency and economy of the entire heat exchange system. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] To solve the technical problems that traditional impact prevention baffles are prone to cause uneven fluid, large scouring force of the fluid on the heat exchange tubes, and large pressure drop loss, the utility model provides an impact plate at the shell-side inlet of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted for an impact plate at the shell-side inlet of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the utility model is as follows:
[0007] A shell-side inlet anti-collision plate of a shell and tube heat exchanger comprises an anti-collision plate body, the anti-collision plate body comprises an upper plate body and a lower plate body, the upper plate body and the lower plate body are both arc-shaped structures and are arranged in parallel, a spacing is provided between the upper plate body and the lower plate body, the upper plate body and the lower plate body are connected by a partition strip, the partition strip is arranged along the axial direction of the upper plate body and the lower plate body, the partition strip is divided into a middle partition strip and an end partition strip, the middle partition strip is located between the two ends of the upper plate body and the lower plate body, and the end partition strip is located between the ends of the upper plate body and the lower plate body; the upper plate body and the lower plate body are both provided with a plurality of through holes.
[0008] By adopting the above structural scheme, after the anti-collision plate body is installed in the shell and tube heat exchanger, the fluid entering the shell from the shell side inlet first rushes to the anti-collision plate body, and a part of the fluid is evenly dispersed along the surface of the upper plate body. At the same time, a part of the fluid passes through the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body and contacts the heat exchange tubes under the lower plate body for heat exchange, which greatly reduces the impact force on the anti-collision plate body. When the fluid passes through the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body, it needs to pass through two layers of perforations, so the scouring force of the fluid passing through the lower plate body on the heat exchange tube can be reduced, and the pressure drop loss is small.
[0009] As a preferred implementation of a shell-side inlet anti-collision plate for a shell and tube heat exchanger, the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body are staggered.
[0010] By adopting the above-mentioned structural scheme, the perforations on the upper plate body and the lower plate body are staggered, so the fluid will not directly pass through the upper plate body and the lower plate body, but will flow buffered between the upper plate body and the lower plate body. This can further reduce the scouring force of the fluid passing through the lower plate body on the heat exchange tube, and the pressure drop loss is relatively small.
[0011] As a preferred implementation of a shell-side inlet anti-collision plate of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the upper plate body and the lower plate body have the same size and flush edges.
[0012] The above structural solution makes the structure of the anti-collision plate body more stable and reliable.
[0013] As a preferred implementation of the shell-side inlet anti-impact plate of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the diameter of the perforation is 18 mm-22 mm.
[0014] As a preferred implementation of the shell-side inlet anti-collision plate of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the upper plate body, the lower plate body and the partition strips are all welded.
[0015] By adopting the above structural solution, the welding connection has high strength and is more stable and reliable.
[0016] As a preferred implementation method of the shell-side inlet anti-impact plate of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the middle partition strip is located on the center line of the upper plate body and the lower plate body in the axial direction, and a plug welding hole is opened on the center line of the upper plate body and the lower plate body in the axial direction, and the diameter of the plug welding hole is 8 mm.
[0017] By adopting the above structural solution, the upper plate body and the lower plate body are connected to the middle partition strip by a plug welding process, which can improve the reliability and stability of the connection between the upper plate body and the lower plate body.
[0018] The technical solution adopted by a shell and tube heat exchanger in the utility model is as follows:
[0019] A shell and tube heat exchanger comprises a shell and any one of the above-described shell and tube heat exchanger shell side inlet anti-collision plates, wherein a shell side inlet is opened on the top of the shell, a main body of the anti-collision plate is located inside the shell and below the shell side inlet, an axial direction of the main body of the anti-collision plate is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the shell, an upper plate body is located above a lower plate body, and the upper plate body and the lower plate body protrude toward the shell side inlet; a support member for supporting the main body of the anti-collision plate is provided inside the shell.
[0020] By adopting the above structural scheme, the fluid entering the shell from the shell side inlet first rushes toward the anti-collision plate body, and a part of the fluid is evenly dispersed along the surface of the upper plate body. At the same time, a part of the fluid passes through the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body and contacts the heat exchange tubes under the lower plate body for heat exchange, which greatly reduces the impact force on the anti-collision plate body. When the fluid passes through the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body, it needs to pass through two layers of perforations, so the scouring force of the fluid passing through the lower plate body on the heat exchange tubes can be reduced, and the pressure drop loss is small.
[0021] As a preferred implementation of a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plurality of baffles arranged along the axial direction are provided inside the shell, and the support member includes a baffle located below the lower plate body, and the lower plate body is welded to the baffle below it.
[0022] By adopting the above structural solution, the existing baffle structure is used as a support for the anti-collision plate body, thereby ensuring the structural stability.
[0023] As a preferred implementation method of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the support member includes a middle channel steel and end channel steels, which are welded to the inside of the shell. The middle channel steel is located on the center line of the upper plate body and the lower plate body in the axial direction, and the middle channel steel is welded to the lower side surface of the lower plate body. Two end channel steels are provided, and the two end channel steels are respectively welded to the two ends of the anti-collision plate body.
[0024] With the above structural solution, the anti-collision plate body is welded on the channel steel and connected to the shell through the channel steel, thereby ensuring the structural stability.
[0025] The beneficial effects of the utility model include:
[0026] After the anti-collision plate body is installed in the shell and tube heat exchanger, the fluid entering the shell from the shell side inlet first rushes to the anti-collision plate body, and a part of the fluid is evenly dispersed along the surface of the upper plate body. At the same time, a part of the fluid passes through the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body and contacts the heat exchange tubes under the lower plate body for heat exchange, which greatly reduces the impact force on the anti-collision plate body. When the fluid passes through the perforations of the upper plate body and the lower plate body, it needs to pass through two layers of perforations, so the scouring force of the fluid passing through the lower plate body on the heat exchange tubes can be reduced, and the pressure drop loss is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shell and tube heat exchanger in a specific implementation mode of the utility model;
[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the upper plate body in a specific implementation manner of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-collision plate body in a specific implementation manner of the utility model.
[0032] List of parts and reference numerals:
[0033] 1. Anti-collision plate body; 11. Upper plate body; 12. Lower plate body; 13. Middle partition strip; 14. End partition strip; 15. Plug welding hole; 16. Perforation; 2. Shell; 21. Shell inlet; 3. Baffle; 4. Middle channel steel; 5. End channel steel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme in the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0035] Reference Figures 1-4, this embodiment provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which includes a shell 2 and an impact plate for the shell-side inlet 21 of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The impact plate for the shell-side inlet 21 of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes an impact plate body 1, and the impact plate body 1 includes an upper plate body 11 and a lower plate body 12. Both the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are made of a whole steel plate and shall not be spliced. Both the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are of arc-shaped structures and are arranged in parallel. The upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 have the same size and their edges are flush. When the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are rolled into arcs, the concentricity needs to be ensured to be consistent. There is a spacing between the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, and the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are connected by partition strips. The partition strips are arranged along the axial direction of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12. The partition strips are divided into a middle partition strip 13 and an end partition strip 14. The middle partition strip 13 is located between the two ends of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, and the end partition strip 14 is located between the ends of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12. The upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are both connected to the partition strips by welding. The middle partition strip 13 is located on the center line in the axial direction of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12. Plug welding holes 15 are opened on the center line in the axial direction of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, and the diameter of the plug welding holes 15 is 8 mm. The upper plate body 11, the lower plate body 12 and the end partition strip 14 are connected by fillet welding, and the leg height of the fillet weld is not less than 5 mm. A number of perforations 16 are opened on both the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12. The perforations 16 on the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameter of the perforations 16 is 18 mm - 22 mm, preferably 20 mm.
[0036] A number of heat exchange tubes are installed inside the shell 2. A shell-side inlet 21 is opened at the top of the shell 2. The impact plate body 1 is located inside the shell 2 and below the shell-side inlet 21. The axial direction of the impact plate body 1 is arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the shell 2. The upper plate body 11 is located above the lower plate body 12, and the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 protrude towards the direction of the shell-side inlet 21; a support member for supporting the impact plate body 1 is provided inside the shell 2. A number of baffles 3 arranged along the axial direction are provided inside the shell 2. The support member includes a baffle 3 located below the lower plate body 12, and the lower plate body 12 is welded to the baffle 3 below it. The support member also includes a middle channel steel 4 and an end channel steel 5. The middle channel steel 4 and the end channel steel 5 are welded inside the shell 2. The middle channel steel 4 is located on the center line in the axial direction of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, and the middle channel steel 4 is welded to the lower side of the lower plate body 12. There are two end channel steels 5, and the two end channel steels 5 are respectively welded to the two ends of the impact plate body 1.
[0037] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
[0038] The fluid entering the shell 2 from the shell side inlet 21 first rushes to the anti-collision plate body 1, and a part of the fluid is evenly dispersed along the surface of the upper plate body 11, while a part of the fluid passes through the perforations 16 of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 and contacts the heat exchange tubes below the lower plate body 12 for heat exchange, which greatly reduces the impact force on the anti-collision plate body 1. When the fluid passes through the perforations 16 of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, due to the staggered arrangement of the perforations 16 on the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, the fluid will not directly pass through the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, but flow buffering is performed between the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, so that the scouring force of the fluid passing through the lower plate body 12 on the heat exchange tube can be further reduced, and the pressure drop loss is small. The anti-collision plate body 1 is welded to the channel steel and the baffle 3 to ensure the structural stability.
[0039] The technicians in this embodiment should understand that the heat exchange tubes and the baffles 3 are existing structures in the shell and tube heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tubes and the baffles 3 are not described in detail.
[0040] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A shell-side inlet (21) impact plate of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising an impact plate body (1), characterized in that, The impact plate body (1) includes an upper plate body (11) and a lower plate body (12). Both the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12) are arc-shaped structures and are arranged in parallel. There is a gap between the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12). The upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12) are connected by partition strips. The partition strips are arranged along the axial direction of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12). The partition strips are divided into a middle partition strip (13) and an end partition strip (14). The middle partition strip (13) is located between the two ends of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12), and the end partition strip (14) is located between the ends of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12); several perforations (16) are formed in both the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12).
2. The impact plate for the inlet (21) of the shell side of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforations (16) of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12) are arranged in a staggered manner.
3. The impact plate for the inlet (21) of the shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12) have the same shape and size and their edges are flush.
4. The impact plate at the inlet (21) of the shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the perforation (16) is 18mm - 22mm.
5. A shell-side inlet (21) impact plate of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12) are welded to the partition strips.
6. The impact plate at the inlet (21) of the shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The middle partition strip (13) is located on the center line in the axial direction of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12). Plug weld holes (15) are formed on the center line in the axial direction of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12). The diameter of the plug weld hole (15) is 8mm.
7. A shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes a shell (2) and an impact plate for the shell-side inlet (21) of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1 - 6. A shell-side inlet (21) is formed at the top of the shell (2). The impact plate body (1) is located inside the shell (2) and below the shell-side inlet (21). The axial direction of the impact plate body (1) is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the shell (2). The upper plate body (11) is located above the lower plate body (12). The upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12) protrude towards the direction of the shell-side inlet (21); support members for supporting the impact plate body (1) are provided inside the shell (2).
8. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein, Several baffle plates (3) arranged along the axial direction are provided inside the shell (2). The support members include the baffle plates (3) located below the lower plate body (12). The lower plate body (12) is welded to the baffle plate (3) below it.
9. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support members include a middle channel steel (4) and end channel steels (5). The middle channel steel (4) and the end channel steels (5) are welded inside the shell (2). The middle channel steel (4) is located on the center line in the axial direction of the upper plate body (11) and the lower plate body (12). The middle channel steel (4) is welded to the lower side surface of the lower plate body (12). There are two end channel steels (5), and the two end channel steels (5) are respectively welded to the two ends of the impact plate body (1).