Telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer gun barrel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a telescopic positioning directional isolation buffer gun barrel, which comprises a directional isolation buffer gun barrel and a telescopic positioning connector, the directional isolation buffer gun barrel comprises a semicircular outer barrel and a semicircular inner barrel which are coaxially arranged, and a cartridge placing barrel is formed between the semicircular inner barrel and a hoop; the directional isolation buffering gun barrels are longitudinally connected through a telescopic positioning connector, the telescopic positioning connector comprises a positioning telescopic joint pipe, two high-elasticity springs and two threaded connectors, and the high-elasticity springs and the threaded connectors are sequentially connected to the two ends of the positioning telescopic joint pipe. The device has the advantages that the problem of back break of the tunnel can be solved, and disturbance to surrounding rock is reduced; and meanwhile, the positions of the telescopic connector and the directional isolation buffer gun in the blast hole can be adjusted according to different fracture joint density degrees in the rock mass in front of the tunnel face, the explosive is accurately positioned in a sparse fracture joint area, the telescopic positioning connector is accurately positioned in a dense fracture joint area, the explosive loading amount is reduced, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation by drill and blast method, in particular to a telescopic positioning, directional isolation and buffer blast barrel. Background Technique

[0002] Blasting technology is an engineering technology that uses the energy of explosive explosion to destroy the original structure of a certain object and realizes different engineering purposes by means of charge arrangement and initiation method. Since blasting technology can save a large amount of manpower and material resources, it has been widely used in tunnel excavation at present. However, there are the following problems: (1) The irregularity of the damage to the surrounding rock by traditional blasting often causes accidents such as overbreak, underbreak, and even collapse during the tunnel excavation process. The problem of tunnel overbreak is serious, usually reaching more than 30 cm, which makes the later support difficult, and the thickness of the secondary lining needs to be increased, resulting in an increase in the construction period and material cost; (2) The amount of explosive and the drill and blast design parameters in tunnel excavation by drill and blast method are unreasonable, and the smooth blasting effect cannot be achieved; (3) When excavating a tunnel, it is necessary to maintain the good stability of the surrounding rock, but the traditional blasting technology is difficult to control the blasting intensity, and the degree of disturbance to the rock mass is large, which is not conducive to the subsequent stable support of the tunnel; (4) The overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel are related to the arrangement of the peripheral holes on the heading face and the propagation of the explosion wave. The traditional cartridge placement method cannot achieve directional blasting of the rock mass on the heading face, which will also lead to overbreak of the tunnel and failure to achieve the smooth blasting effect; (5) The charging position in the blast hole affects the blasting effect and the amount of explosive used. Usually, the charging distance in the blast hole is fixed, without considering the density of fissures and joints in different regions of the rock mass in front of the heading face, and the charging position in the area with sparse fissures and joints in the blast hole is not convenient for precise positioning, resulting in poor blasting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present utility model is to provide a telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer cartridge according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, which includes a directional isolation buffer cartridge and a telescopic positioning connector. One side of the directional isolation buffer cartridge is a hollow semi-cylinder filled with energy-absorbing material; the other side is hoop-shaped rings arranged opposite to each other front and back for fixing the explosive cartridge. The positioning and directional isolation buffer cartridges filled with explosive cartridges are arranged at intervals on the tunnel standard contour line or the contour line of the peripheral blast holes, and the explosive cartridges are arranged at intervals on the contour line of the auxiliary blast holes and the cut blast holes. Among them, the semi-cylinder buffer structure of the directional isolation buffer cartridge faces outside the tunnel standard contour line or the contour line of the peripheral blast holes, and the diameter of the semi-cylinder buffer structure is parallel to the tangent of the contour points of the tunnel standard contour line or the contour line of the peripheral blast holes. And according to the different degrees of density of the fissure joints in the rock mass in front of the heading face, the positions of the telescopic positioning connector and the directional isolation buffer in the blast hole are adjusted to achieve combined blasting of positioning and directional isolation of the blast wave. The positioning and directional isolation buffer cartridge filled with the explosive cartridge is placed into the peripheral blast hole of the rock mass of the heading face and sealed with a sealing material. The explosive cartridge is detonated, and the blast wave propagates circumferentially. The energy-absorbing material absorbs the blast wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. The blast wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to break, realizing directional propagation and directional isolation of the blast wave, making the rock mass to be blasted broken and the rock mass not to be blasted remain intact. It can not only solve the problem of overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel, but also ensure the integrity and regularity of the tunnel contour, achieve the smooth blasting effect, and also ensure the quality of blasting excavation and rock mass fragmentation, reducing the disturbance to the surrounding rock. At the same time, according to the different degrees of density of the fissure joints in the rock mass in front of the heading face, the explosive is accurately positioned in the area with sparse fissure joints in the blast hole, and the connector is accurately positioned in the area with dense fissure joints, reducing the amount of explosive charge and saving costs.

[0004] The object of the present utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer cartridge, the telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer cartridge includes a directional isolation buffer cartridge and a telescopic positioning connector. The directional isolation buffer cartridge includes a semi-circular outer cylinder and a semi-circular inner cylinder arranged coaxially. An energy-absorbing material is filled between the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder. The inner side of the semi-circular inner cylinder is used for placing the explosive cartridge. Hoop-shaped rings for fixing the explosive cartridge are provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder. A cartridge placement cylinder is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder and the hoop-shaped rings. Threads are provided outside both ends of the cartridge placement cylinder; the directional isolation buffer cartridges are longitudinally connected by the telescopic positioning connector. The telescopic positioning connector includes a positioning telescopic joint pipe, two high-elastic springs and two threaded connectors. The high-elastic springs and the threaded connectors are sequentially connected to both ends of the positioning telescopic joint pipe. Threads matching the threads outside the cartridge placement cylinder are provided inside the threaded connectors.

[0006] The positioning telescopic joint pipe is composed of two positioning telescopic joint heads arranged opposite to each other. The two positioning telescopic joint heads move relatively or away from each other along the axial direction of the positioning telescopic joint pipe to realize the contraction or elongation of the positioning telescopic joint pipe.

[0007] An embedded screw hole is provided on one of the positioning telescopic joint heads of the positioning telescopic joint pipe. By installing an embedded bolt in the embedded screw hole, the length of the positioning telescopic joint pipe is fixed.

[0008] The semicircular outer cylinder and the semicircular inner cylinder are connected by a radial end plate on the radial side, and the semicircular outer cylinder and the semicircular inner cylinder are connected by an axial end plate on the axial side. A space for filling the energy dissipation material is formed between the semicircular outer cylinder, the semicircular inner cylinder, the radial end plate and the axial end plate.

[0009] The sizes and shapes of the cartridge placement holes of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to the sizes and shapes of the cartridges.

[0010] The directional isolation buffer blast cylinders filled with the cartridges are arranged at intervals on the peripheral blast hole contour line of the face rock mass or the tunnel standard contour line. The directional isolation buffer blast cylinders filled with the cartridges are placed in the peripheral blast holes of the face rock mass and the peripheral blast holes are blocked with a plugging material. The telescopic positioning connector in the peripheral blast holes is located in the fracture joint dense area of the face rock mass, and the cartridges in the peripheral blast holes are located in the fracture joint sparse area of the face rock mass.

[0011] The advantages of the present utility model are:

[0012] (1) The energy dissipation material absorbs the blast wave and prevents it from propagating into the rock mass. The blast wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture. The directional propagation and directional isolation of the blast wave can be realized, so that the rock mass to be blasted is broken, and the rock mass that does not need to be blasted remains intact. At the same time, the disturbance to the surrounding rock is reduced.

[0013] (2) The telescopic positioning directional isolation buffer blasts are arranged on the tunnel standard contour line or the peripheral blast hole contour line to protect the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock outside the tunnel standard contour line, realize the control of the overbreak and underbreak problems of the tunnel, and achieve the purpose of saving the construction period and cost.

[0014] (3) The telescopic positioning directional isolation buffer blasts are arranged on the tunnel standard contour line or the peripheral blast hole contour line, and the traditional cartridges are arranged at other parts of the face. The combined blasting method of directional isolation and non-isolation can not only ensure the integrity and regularity of the tunnel contour and achieve the smooth blasting effect, but also ensure the quality of blasting excavation and rock mass fragmentation.

[0015] (4) The telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer blast can adjust the positions of the telescopic connector and the directional isolation buffer blast in the blast hole according to the different degrees of fracture joints in the rock mass in front of the heading face. The explosive is accurately positioned in the area with sparse fracture joints, and the telescopic positioning connector is accurately positioned in the area with dense fracture joints, reducing the amount of explosive charge and saving costs.

[0016] (5) The telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer blast barrel can be reused, saving costs. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer blast barrel of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the directional isolation buffer blast barrel of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the telescopic positioning connector of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 The sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0021] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 The sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0022] Figure 6 It is Figure 3 The sectional view taken along line C-C in

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of isolating blast waves by the telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer blast of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the layout of the telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer blast and the distribution of rock mass fracture joints in front of the heading face of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the blasting layout method (one) of the telescopic directional isolation buffer blast of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the blasting layout method (two) of the telescopic directional isolation buffer blast of the present utility model;

[0027] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, the markings in the figure are respectively represented as:

[0028] 1. Telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer blast, 2. Heading face rock mass, 3. Sealing material, 4. Blast wave, 5. Crack, 6. Dense fracture joint area;

[0029] 11. Directional isolation buffer barrel, 12. Cartridge, 13. Telescopic positioning connector;

[0030] 111. Semi-circular outer barrel, 112. Semi-circular inner barrel, 113. Axial end plate, 114. Radial end plate, 115. Hoop, 116. Energy-absorbing material, 117. Cartridge placement barrel, 118. Cartridge placement hole;

[0031] 131. Threaded connector, 132. Thread, 133. High-elasticity spring, 134. Positioning telescopic joint pipe, 135. Positioning telescopic joint expansion head, 136. Embedded screw hole, 137. Embedded bolt;

[0032] 21. Tunnel standard contour line, 22. Peripheral blast hole contour line, 23. Auxiliary blast hole contour line, 24. Cut hole contour line, 25. Peripheral blast hole. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] The features of the present utility model and other related features are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry:

[0034] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 10 shown, this embodiment relates to a telescopic positioning directional isolation buffer barrel, including a directional isolation buffer barrel 11 and a telescopic positioning connector 13. The directional isolation buffer barrel 11 is used for installing the cartridge 12, and a telescopic positioning directional isolation buffer gun 1 is formed among the directional isolation buffer barrel 11, the cartridge 12 and the telescopic positioning connector 13. The directional isolation buffer barrels 11 are longitudinally connected through the telescopic positioning connector 13. The directional isolation buffer barrel 11 mainly includes a semi-circular outer barrel 111, a semi-circular inner barrel 112, an axial end plate 113, a radial end plate 114, a hoop 115 and an energy-absorbing material 116. The semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 is larger than the inner diameter of the semi-circular inner barrel 112. The radial sides of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are connected through the radial end plate 114, and the axial sides of the semi-circular outer barrel 111 and the semi-circular inner barrel 112 are connected through the axial end plate 113. A closed space is formed among the semi-circular outer barrel 111, the semi-circular inner barrel 112, the radial end plate 114 and the axial end plate 113, and the closed space is used for filling the energy-absorbing material 116. In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing material 116 can adopt rubber, particulate material, liquid material, porous material.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, the inner side of the semi-circular inner cylinder 112 is used to place the cartridge 12, and hoop 115 is provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder 112. The hoop 115 can fix the cartridge 12. In this embodiment, a cartridge placement cylinder 117 is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder 112 and the hoop 115. The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole 118 of the cartridge placement cylinder 117 respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge 12 to ensure the reliability of the installation of the cartridge 12, and threads 132 are provided on the outside of both ends of the cartridge placement cylinder 117.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the retractable positioning connector 13 includes a positioning telescopic joint pipe 134, two highly elastic springs 133 and two threaded connectors 131. The highly elastic springs 133 and the threaded connectors 131 are sequentially connected to both ends of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134. Threads 132 are provided inside the threaded connector 131. The threads 132 inside the threaded connector 131 cooperate with the threads 132 on the outside of the cartridge placement cylinder 117 to achieve the longitudinal connection between the directional isolation buffer barrels 11. The positioning telescopic joint pipe 134 is composed of two relatively arranged positioning telescopic joint heads 135. The two positioning telescopic joint heads 135 move relative to or away from each other along the axial direction of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134 to achieve the contraction or elongation of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134. Specifically, both of the two positioning telescopic joint heads 135 are cylindrical, and one end of one positioning telescopic joint head 135 is placed on one end of the other positioning telescopic joint head 135. By adjusting the lengths of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134 and the highly elastic spring 133, the length of the retractable positioning connector 13 is adjusted. In addition, a buried screw hole 136 is provided on one positioning telescopic joint head 135 of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134. By installing a buried bolt 137 in the buried screw hole 136, the buried bolt 137 can limit the position between the two positioning telescopic joint heads 135 of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134, thereby fixing the length of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134.

[0037] As Figures 7 to 10 shown, this embodiment of the retractable positioning directional isolation buffer barrel also has the following two usage methods:

[0038] As Figure 9As shown in the figure, the first usage method is as follows: Install the directional isolation buffer blast barrels 11 filled with cartridges 12 at intervals on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22. Among them, the peripheral blast hole contour line 22 is located inside the tunnel standard contour line 21, and the peripheral blast holes 25 of the face rock mass 2 are arranged on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22. Place the directional isolation buffer blast barrels 11 filled with cartridges 12 (i.e., the positioning directional isolation buffer blasts 1) into the peripheral blast holes 25 of the face rock mass 2, and use the plugging material 3 (in this embodiment, the plugging material 3 is mortar or plugging mud) to plug the peripheral blast holes 25. The semi-cylindrical buffer structure of the directional isolation buffer blast barrel 11 faces outside the peripheral blast hole contour line 22, and the diameter of the semi-cylindrical buffer structure is parallel to the tangent of the contour points of the peripheral blast hole contour line 22. Here, the semi-cylindrical buffer structure refers to the structure of the directional isolation buffer blast barrel 11 except for the hoop 115. And install the cartridges 12 at intervals on the auxiliary blast hole contour line 23 and the cut blast hole contour line 24. Finally, detonate the cartridges 12 on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22, the auxiliary blast hole contour line 23, and the cut blast hole contour line 24. As Figure 7 shown, the explosive wave 4 generated by the cartridge 12 on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22 propagates circumferentially. The energy dissipation material 116 absorbs the explosive wave 4 to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. The explosive wave 4 on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture (cracks 5 are generated), realizing the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosive wave 4, breaking the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keeping the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact. As Figure 8 shown, adjust the length of the telescopic positioning connector 13 (achieved by adjusting the length of the positioning telescopic joint pipe 134) so that the telescopic positioning connector 13 in the peripheral blast hole 21 is located in the fracture and joint dense area 6 of the face rock mass 2; select cartridges 12 (directional isolation buffer blast barrels 11) of different lengths so that the cartridges 12 in the peripheral blast hole 21 are located in the fracture and joint sparse area of the face rock mass 2.

[0039] As Figure 10 shown, the second usage method is the same as the first usage method in all steps except that the directional isolation buffer blast barrels 11 filled with cartridges 12 are installed at intervals on the tunnel standard contour line 21, the peripheral blast holes 25 of the face rock mass 2 are arranged on the tunnel standard contour line 21, and the semi-cylindrical buffer structure of the directional isolation buffer blast barrel 11 faces outside the tunnel standard contour line 21, and the diameter of the semi-cylindrical buffer structure is parallel to the tangent of the contour points of the tunnel standard contour line 21. Therefore, it will not be elaborated here.

[0040] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are as follows:

[0041] (1) The energy dissipation material absorbs the explosive wave to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. The explosive wave on the other side directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture, which can realize the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosive wave, break the rock mass that needs to be blasted, keep the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact, and at the same time reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock;

[0042] (2) Install retractable positioning, directional isolation and buffer charges on the standard tunnel contour line or the contour line of the peripheral blast holes to protect the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock outside the standard tunnel contour line, achieve the control of overbreak and underbreak problems in the tunnel, and achieve the purpose of saving construction period and cost;

[0043] (3) Install retractable positioning, directional isolation and buffer charges on the standard tunnel contour line or the contour line of the peripheral blast holes, and install traditional cartridges at other parts of the heading face. Adopt a combined blasting method of directional isolation and non-isolation, which can not only ensure the integrity and regularity of the tunnel contour and achieve the smooth blasting effect, but also ensure the quality of blasting excavation and rock fragmentation;

[0044] (4) For the retractable positioning, directional isolation and buffer charge, according to the different density of fissure joints in the rock mass in front of the heading face, adjust the positions of the retractable connector and the directional isolation and buffer charge in the blast hole. The explosive is accurately positioned in the area with sparse fissure joints, and the retractable positioning connector is accurately positioned in the area with dense fissure joints, reducing the amount of explosive charge and saving costs;

[0045] (5) The retractable positioning, directional isolation and buffer charge barrel can be reused, saving costs.

[0046] Although the above embodiments have described in detail the concept and embodiments of the purpose of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present utility model without departing from the scope defined by the claims, so they will not be elaborated here one by one.

Claims

1. A telescopic positioning, orientation and isolation buffer barrel, characterized in that: The telescopic positioning and directional isolation buffer cartridge includes a directional isolation buffer cartridge and a telescopic positioning connector. The directional isolation buffer cartridge includes a semi-circular outer cylinder and a semi-circular inner cylinder arranged coaxially. An energy dissipation material is filled between the semi-circular outer cylinder and the semi-circular inner cylinder. The inner side of the semi-circular inner cylinder is used to place cartridges. Hoops for fixing the cartridges are provided at both ends of the semi-circular inner cylinder. A cartridge placement cylinder is formed between the semi-circular inner cylinder and the hoop. Threads are provided outside both ends of the cartridge placement cylinder. The directional isolation buffer cartridges are longitudinally connected through the telescopic positioning connector. The telescopic positioning connector includes a positioning telescopic joint pipe, two high-elasticity springs, and two threaded connectors. The high-elasticity springs and the threaded connectors are sequentially connected to both ends of the positioning telescopic joint pipe. Threads matching the threads outside the cartridge placement cylinder are provided inside the threaded connector.

2. The telescopic positioning and orientation isolation buffer barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning telescopic joint pipe is composed of two relatively arranged positioning telescopic joint heads. The two positioning telescopic joint heads move relatively or away from each other along the axial direction of the positioning telescopic joint pipe to realize the contraction or elongation of the positioning telescopic joint pipe.

3. The telescopic positioning and orientation isolation buffer barrel according to claim 2, wherein: An embedded screw hole is provided on one of the positioning telescopic joint heads of the positioning telescopic joint pipe. The length of the positioning telescopic joint pipe is fixed by installing an embedded bolt in the embedded screw hole.

4. The telescopic positioning and orientation isolation buffer gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-circular outer cylinder and the radial side of the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected through a radial end plate. The semi-circular outer cylinder and the axial side of the semi-circular inner cylinder are connected through an axial end plate. A space for filling the energy dissipation material is formed among the semi-circular outer cylinder, the semi-circular inner cylinder, the radial end plate, and the axial end plate.

5. The telescopic positioning and orientation isolation buffer gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size and shape of the cartridge placement hole of the cartridge placement cylinder respectively correspond to the size and shape of the cartridge.

6. The telescopic positioning and orientation isolation buffer gun barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional isolation buffer cartridges filled with the cartridges are arranged at intervals on the peripheral blast hole contour line of the face rock mass or the tunnel standard contour line. The directional isolation buffer cartridges filled with the cartridges are placed in the peripheral blast holes of the face rock mass and the peripheral blast holes are blocked with a plugging material. The telescopic positioning connector in the peripheral blast holes is located in the fracture joint dense area of the face rock mass, and the cartridges in the peripheral blast holes are located in the fracture joint sparse area of the face rock mass.

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