Deep-scarification reverse-rotation three-shaft layered combined seed and fertilizer drill

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep scarification reverse rotation three-shaft layering fertilizing and seeding machine which comprises a machine frame, a first rotary tillage cutter shaft, a deep scarification furrow plough, a second rotary tillage cutter shaft, a fertilizing furrow opener, a third rotary tillage cutter shaft and a seeding furrow opener are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the machine frame from front to back, and the first rotary tillage cutter shaft is located at the position obliquely above a bent arc of the deep scarification furrow plough. According to the deep scarification furrow plough, deep scarification of soil is achieved through the deep scarification furrow plough, the first rotary tillage cutter shaft arranged at the position obliquely above the bent arc of the deep scarification furrow plough can crush the deep scarified soil, weeds and seedling rods, the possibility that the weeds and the seedling rods are wound on the deep scarification furrow plough is reduced, and the soil turning depth and the soil turning area can be guaranteed; in addition, different kinds of chemical fertilizers and seed materials can be sequentially applied to soil with different depths, and the required fertilizers stored in different soil layers can be absorbed when the crops reach the different soil layers along with the downward pricking of the root systems of the crops, so that the purpose of reducing the fertilization frequency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of farming equipment, and particularly relates to a subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine. Background Art

[0002] Compared with the traditional tillage and planting methods, the no-till fertilizing and seeding machine has obvious high-efficiency advantages and has been widely promoted in recent years. Its structure is that a depth-limiting wheel for controlling the depth, a seeding furrow opener for seeding, a fertilizing furrow opener for fertilizing, and a pressing roller for returning soil are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the frame from front to back, and a suspension frame for connecting with a tractor, a gearbox for transmission connection with the power output shaft of the tractor, a fertilizer box for containing fertilizer, and a seed box for containing seeds are arranged at the upper end of the frame. Among them, the seeds in the seed box and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box can be quantitatively and equally spaced through power transmission and applied to the soil through the seeding furrow opener and the fertilizing furrow opener.

[0003] However, when the existing no-till fertilizing and seeding machine turns the soil, it only turns the soil by means of the seeding furrow opener and the fertilizing furrow opener, which easily leads to a shallower soil turning depth and a smaller soil turning area. It only opens furrows and turns the soil at the positions where seeding and fertilizing are required, so that the soil in other areas cannot be fully tilled, the soil is turned little, and weeds, seedlings, etc. in the field are extremely easy to entangle on the seeding furrow opener and the fertilizing furrow opener. In addition, most of the existing no-till fertilizing and seeding machines only achieve one-time fertilization of fertilizers, and topdressing is still required in the subsequent growth stage of crops, increasing the input of labor.

[0004] Based on the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model discloses a subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine. By sequentially arranging a first rotary tillage knife shaft, a subsoiling furrow plow, a second rotary tillage knife shaft, a fertilizing furrow opener, a third rotary tillage knife shaft, and a seeding furrow opener at the lower end of the frame from front to back, the subsoiling of the soil is realized through the subsoiling furrow plow. The first rotary tillage knife shaft arranged at the position of the upper arc slope of the subsoiling furrow plow can crush the subsoiled soil, weeds, and seedlings, reducing the possibility of weeds and seedlings entangling on the subsoiling furrow plow, and ensuring the soil turning depth and area. Through the arrangement of the first fertilizing head, the fertilizing furrow opener, and the seeding furrow opener on the subsoiling furrow plow, different kinds of chemical fertilizers and seeds can be sequentially applied to the soil at different depths. As the roots of the crops grow downward, when they reach different soil layers, they can absorb the required fertilizers stored in this layer, achieving the purpose of reducing the number of fertilizations. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine to solve the technical problems raised in the background art.

[0006] The utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A subsoiling reverse rotation three - axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine, comprising a frame. At the lower end of the frame, a first rotary tillage knife shaft, a subsoiling plough, a second rotary tillage knife shaft, a fertilizing furrow opener, a third rotary tillage knife shaft, and a seeding furrow opener are arranged in sequence from front to back. The first rotary tillage knife shaft is located at the position of the arc - shaped slope above the subsoiling plough. The horizontal plane where the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the rotary tillage knife shaft is located. The horizontal plane where the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft is located. A first fertilizer applicator is arranged on the rear side of the subsoiling plough. The lower end of the first fertilizer applicator is not lower than the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft and is lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft. The lower end of the fertilizing furrow opener is not lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft and is lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft. The lower end of the seeding furrow opener is not lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a suspension bracket is arranged at the front side of the upper end of the frame.

[0009] Preferably, a press roller is arranged at the rear position of the lower end of the frame where the seeding furrow opener is located.

[0010] Preferably, a depth - limiting wheel is also arranged directly in front of the first rotary tillage knife shaft at the lower end of the frame. The axial direction of the depth - limiting wheel is arranged along the length direction of the frame.

[0011] Preferably, the axial directions of the first rotary tillage knife shaft, the second rotary tillage knife shaft, and the third rotary tillage knife shaft are all arranged along the length direction of the frame. The first rotary tillage knife shaft includes a first transmission shaft, and a plurality of first rotary tillage knives are arranged along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft. The structures of the second rotary tillage knife shaft and the third rotary tillage knife shaft are the same as the structure of the first rotary tillage knife shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of subsoiling ploughs are arranged. The plurality of subsoiling ploughs are arranged at equal intervals in sequence along the length direction of the frame. The number of the fertilizing furrow openers and the seeding furrow openers is the same as the number of the subsoiling ploughs. And the plurality of fertilizing furrow openers are respectively located directly behind each subsoiling plough, and the plurality of seeding furrow openers are respectively located directly behind each fertilizing furrow opener.

[0013] Preferably, a first fertilizer tank is arranged at the upper end of the frame. The length direction of the first fertilizer tank is arranged along the length direction of the frame. A plurality of first fertilizer pipes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the lower end surface of the first fertilizer tank. The lower ends of the plurality of first fertilizer pipes are respectively connected to the plurality of first fertilizer applicators in one - to - one correspondence.

[0014] Preferably, a second fertilizer applicator head is respectively arranged at the lower end of the rear side surface of each fertilizer-ditching opener, and the lower end of the second fertilizer applicator head is arranged not lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft and lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft; a second fertilizer box is further arranged at the upper end of the frame, the length direction of the second fertilizer box is arranged along the length direction of the frame, a plurality of second fertilizer pipes are sequentially arranged on the lower end surface of the second fertilizer box along its length direction, and the lower ends of the plurality of second fertilizer pipes are respectively connected to the plurality of second fertilizer applicator heads in one-to-one correspondence.

[0015] Preferably, a seeding head is respectively arranged at the lower end of the rear side surface of each seeding-ditching opener, the lower end of the seeding head is arranged not lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft, a seed box is further arranged at the upper end of the frame, the length direction of the seed box is arranged along the length direction of the frame, a plurality of seeding pipes are sequentially arranged on the lower end surface of the seed box along its length direction, and the lower ends of the plurality of seeding pipes are respectively connected to the plurality of seeding heads in one-to-one correspondence.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) For the subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine of the utility model, by sequentially arranging a first rotary tillage knife shaft, a subsoiling plow, a second rotary tillage knife shaft, a fertilizer-ditching opener, a third rotary tillage knife shaft, and a seeding-ditching opener from front to back at the lower end of the frame, the subsoiling of the soil is realized by the subsoiling plow, and the first rotary tillage knife shaft arranged at the position of the upper oblique side of the arc of the subsoiling plow can crush the subsoiled soil, weeds and seedlings, reducing the possibility of weeds and seedlings winding on the subsoiling plow, and ensuring the turning depth and area of the soil.

[0018] (2) For the subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine of the utility model, through the arrangement of the first fertilizer applicator head, the fertilizer-ditching opener and the seeding-ditching opener on the subsoiling plow, different kinds of chemical fertilizers and seeds can be sequentially applied to the soil at different depths. As the roots of the crops grow downward, when reaching different soil layers, they can absorb the required fertilizers stored in this layer, achieving the purpose of reducing the number of fertilization times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the utility model, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the horizontal position difference structure of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure when the present utility model turns the soil. Specific embodiments

[0023] To make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model to be protected, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-3 As shown, a subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine includes a frame 1. The lower end of the frame 1 is sequentially provided with a first rotary tillage knife shaft 2, a subsoiling plow 3, a second rotary tillage knife shaft 4, a fertilizing furrow opener 5, a third rotary tillage knife shaft 6, and a seeding furrow opener 7 from front to back. The first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 is located at the position of the arc slope above the subsoiling plow 3. The horizontal plane where the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the rotary tillage knife shaft 4 is located. The horizontal plane where the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4 is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6 is located. A first fertilizer applicator 11 is provided on the rear side of the subsoiling plow 3. The lower end of the first fertilizer applicator 11 is not lower than the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 and is lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4. The lower end of the fertilizing furrow opener 5 is not lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4 and is lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6. The lower end of the seeding furrow opener 7 is not lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6. By sequentially arranging a first rotary tillage knife shaft, a subsoiling plow, a second rotary tillage knife shaft, a fertilizing furrow opener, a third rotary tillage knife shaft, and a seeding furrow opener at the lower end of the frame, subsoiling of the soil is achieved through the subsoiling plow. The first rotary tillage knife shaft located at the arc slope above the subsoiling plow can break the subsoiled soil, weeds, and seedlings, reducing the possibility of weeds and seedlings winding around the subsoiling plow, and ensuring the tillage depth and area.

[0026] At the front side of the upper end of the frame 1, a suspension bracket 17 for connecting to a tractor and a gearbox for drivingly connecting to the power output shaft of the tractor are provided.

[0027] At the rear position of the lower end of the frame 1 and behind the seeding furrow opener 7, a press roller 19 is provided.

[0028] At the front of the lower end of the frame 1 and directly in front of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2, a depth-limiting wheel 18 is further provided, and the axial direction of the depth-limiting wheel 18 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 1.

[0029] The vertical distance between the plane where the lowest end of the subsoiling furrow plow 3 is located and the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the depth-limiting wheel 18 is located is 15 - 30 cm; the vertical distance between the plane where the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 is located and the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the depth-limiting wheel 18 is located is 15 - 20 cm; the vertical distance between the plane where the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4 is located and the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the depth-limiting wheel 18 is located is 8 - 12 cm, and the vertical distance between the plane where the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6 is located and the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the depth-limiting wheel 18 is located is 3 - 6 cm.

[0030] The axial directions of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2, the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4, and the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6 are all arranged along the length direction of the frame 1. The first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 includes a first transmission shaft, and a plurality of first rotary tillage knives are arranged along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft. The structures of the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4 and the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6 are the same as the structure of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2.

[0031] A plurality of subsoiling furrow plows 3 are provided, and the plurality of subsoiling furrow plows 3 are arranged at equal intervals in sequence along the length direction of the frame 1. The numbers of the fertilizer furrow openers 5 and the seeding furrow openers 7 are the same as the number of the subsoiling furrow plows 3, and the plurality of fertilizer furrow openers 5 are respectively located at the rear positions directly behind each subsoiling furrow plow 3, and the plurality of seeding furrow openers 7 are respectively located at the rear positions directly behind each fertilizer furrow opener 5.

[0032] At the upper end of the frame 1, a first fertilizer tank 8 is provided. The length direction of the first fertilizer tank 8 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 1. Along the length direction of the lower end surface of the first fertilizer tank 8, a plurality of first fertilizer pipes 12 are sequentially arranged, and the lower ends of the plurality of first fertilizer pipes 12 are respectively connected to a plurality of first fertilizer heads 11 in one-to-one correspondence.

[0033] A second fertilizer applicator head 13 is respectively arranged at the lower end of the rear side surface of each of the fertilizer furrow openers 5. The lower end of the second fertilizer applicator head 13 is arranged not lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft 4 and lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6. A second fertilizer tank 9 is further arranged at the upper end of the frame 1. The length direction of the second fertilizer tank 9 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 1. A plurality of second fertilizer pipes 14 are successively arranged on the lower end surface of the second fertilizer tank 9 along its length direction. The lower ends of the plurality of second fertilizer pipes 14 are respectively connected to the plurality of second fertilizer applicator heads 13 in one-to-one correspondence.

[0034] A seeding head 15 is respectively arranged at the lower end of the rear side surface of each of the seeding furrow openers 7. The lower end of the seeding head 15 is arranged not lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft 6. A seed box 10 is further arranged at the upper end of the frame 1. The length direction of the seed box 10 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 1. A plurality of seeding pipes 16 are successively arranged on the lower end surface of the seed box 10 along its length direction. The lower ends of the plurality of seeding pipes 16 are respectively connected to the plurality of seeding heads 15 in one-to-one correspondence.

[0035] Through the arrangement of the first fertilizer applicator head on the subsoiling plow, the fertilizer furrow opener, and the seeding furrow opener, different types of chemical fertilizers and seeds can be successively applied to the soil at different depths. As the roots of the crops grow downward, when they reach different soil layers, they can absorb the required fertilizers stored in that layer, achieving the purpose of reducing the number of fertilization times.

[0036] The operation depth of the whole machine can be adjusted by the depth-limiting wheels. One operation can complete multiple processes such as rotary tillage, subsoiling, layered fertilization, seeding, and rolling. The whole machine adopts intermediate gear transmission. The power output shaft of the tractor conveys power into the gearbox through a universal coupling, and drives the first rotary tillage knife shaft, the second rotary tillage knife shaft, and the third rotary tillage knife shaft to rotate after being speed-changed by the intermediate gears. During operation, the subsoiling plow loosens the deep soil in front of the subsoiling plow to achieve the purpose of breaking the plow sole and reducing the rotary tillage resistance. The first rotary tillage knife shaft, the second rotary tillage knife shaft, and the third rotary tillage knife shaft perform reverse rotation operations (opposite to the rotation direction of the tractor drive wheels) to break up the subsoiled soil, and the rolling roller rolls the surface of the soil after subsoiling and rotary tillage operations. After the whole machine operates, a soil tillage layer that is thick at the bottom and thin at the top, loose at the top and firm at the bottom, and has good air permeability and is beneficial to the growth of crops is formed.

[0037] Such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, it is a subsoiling and rotary tillage interaction combination structure. The structure is that the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 is located obliquely above the handle curved arc of the subsoiling plow 3, and the tip and wing shovel of the subsoiling plow 3 are placed in front of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2. During operation, the tip and wing shovel of the subsoiling plow 3 loosen the soil in the non-tilled area A in front of the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2. Subsequently, the first rotary tillage knife shaft 2 breaks and levels the soil, and crushes the root stubble and evenly mixes and buries it with the straw, stubble, and soil. The shovel handle of the subsoiling plow 3 passes through the rotary tillage operation area, reducing the subsoiling resistance, reducing the straw entanglement of the subsoiling plow 3, and improving the stability of the whole machine operation.

[0038] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: At the lower end of the frame (1), a first rotary tillage knife shaft (2), a subsoiling plow (3), a second rotary tillage knife shaft (4), a fertilizer furrow opener (5), a third rotary tillage knife shaft (6), and a seeding furrow opener (7) are arranged in sequence from front to back. The first rotary tillage knife shaft (2) is located at an oblique upper position of the arc of the subsoiling plow (3). The horizontal plane where the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft (2) is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the rotary tillage knife shaft (4) is located. The horizontal plane where the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft (4) is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6) is located. A first fertilizer applicator (11) is arranged on the rear side surface of the subsoiling plow (3). The lower end of the first fertilizer applicator (11) is not lower than the lowest position of the first rotary tillage knife shaft (2) and is lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft (4). The lower end of the fertilizer furrow opener (5) is not lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft (4) and is lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6). The lower end of the seeding furrow opener (7) is not lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6).

2. The subsoiling reverse rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein, The axial directions of the first rotary tillage knife shaft (2), the second rotary tillage knife shaft (4), and the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6) are all arranged along the length direction of the frame (1). The first rotary tillage knife shaft (2) includes a first transmission shaft, and a plurality of first rotary tillage knives are arranged along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft. The structures of the second rotary tillage knife shaft (4) and the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6) are the same as the structure of the first rotary tillage knife shaft (2).

3. The subsoiling reverse rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of subsoiling plows (3) are provided, and the plurality of subsoiling plows (3) are arranged at equal intervals in sequence along the length direction of the frame (1). The number of the fertilizer furrow openers (5) and the seeding furrow openers (7) is the same as the number of the subsoiling plows (3), and the plurality of fertilizer furrow openers (5) are respectively located at the directly rear positions of each subsoiling plow (3), and the plurality of seeding furrow openers (7) are respectively located at the directly rear positions of each fertilizer furrow opener (5).

4. The subsoiling reverse-rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first fertilizer tank (8) is arranged at the upper end of the frame (1). The length direction of the first fertilizer tank (8) is arranged along the length direction of the frame (1). A plurality of first fertilizer pipes (12) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the lower end surface of the first fertilizer tank (8), and the lower ends of the plurality of first fertilizer pipes (12) are respectively connected to the plurality of first fertilizer applicators (11) in one-to-one correspondence.

5. The subsoiling reverse rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second fertilizer applicator (13) is respectively arranged at the lower end of the rear side surface of each fertilizer furrow opener (5). The lower end of the second fertilizer applicator (13) is not lower than the lowest position of the second rotary tillage knife shaft (4) and is lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6).

6. The subsoiling reverse rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second fertilizer box (9) is further arranged at the upper end of the frame (1). The length direction of the second fertilizer box (9) is arranged along the length direction of the frame (1). A plurality of second fertilizer application pipes (14) are sequentially arranged on the lower end surface of the second fertilizer box (9) along its length direction. The lower ends of the plurality of second fertilizer application pipes (14) are respectively connected to a plurality of second fertilizer application heads (13) in one-to-one correspondence.

7. The subsoiling reverse rotation three-axis layered fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein Sowing heads (15) are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the rear sides of each sowing furrow opener (7). The lower end of the sowing head (15) is arranged not lower than the lowest position of the third rotary tillage knife shaft (6). A seed box (10) is further arranged at the upper end of the frame (1). The length direction of the seed box (10) is arranged along the length direction of the frame (1). A plurality of sowing pipes (16) are sequentially arranged on the lower end surface of the seed box (10) along its length direction. The lower ends of the plurality of sowing pipes (16) are respectively connected to a plurality of the sowing heads (15) in one-to-one correspondence.

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