Pelleted seed
Through layered wrapping process and controlled release micro-pellet technology, the problems of poor water absorption and high seedling burning rate in pelletization technology are solved, and high fertilizer efficiency pellet seeds are achieved, which improves germination rate and crop yield, reduces costs, and achieves sustainable development.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421735864.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-22
AI Technical Summary
The existing pelletization technology has poor water absorption, poor respiration effect or high seedling burning rate, resulting in low germination rate and high cost, which limits its wide application.
The layered wrapping process is adopted, and a spherical shell composed of cyanobacterial ammonium phosphate biofertilizer, insecticides, nutrition promoters, binders and disintegrants are used. Combined with controlled release pellets, the controlled release of fertilizers and the rapid absorption and expansion of seeds to avoid seedling burning.
It improves the germination rate of seeds, reduces the amount of fertilizer used, reduces costs, and does not apply fertilization throughout the crop growth period, increases yield and reduces environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN223080494U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of crop seeds, and particularly relates to a high-fertilizer-efficiency comprehensive pelletized seed. Background Art
[0002] The pelletization technology is a widely used seed treatment technology, mainly used to wrap various nutrients on the seed surface to achieve the purposes of increasing the seed volume, improving the sowing quality, and promoting seed germination and growth. With the development of agricultural modernization, the pelletization technology is more and more widely applied globally and has become one of the important means of seed treatment.
[0003] Generally speaking, the pelletization technology consists of the pellet powder preparation technology and the pellet equipment operation technology. The pellet powder is the core of the pelletization technology, which is related to whether the seeds can germinate smoothly and grow healthily. The operation technology of the pellet equipment is related to the size uniformity, empty seed rate, density and other indexes of the pelletized seeds, and these indexes are also related to whether the seeds can germinate smoothly and grow healthily. At present, the existing pelletization technology mainly increases the seed particle size by wrapping, making the seed volume increase, solving the problem of difficult to spread, and facilitating mechanical sowing; at the same time, a small amount of organic fertilizer, nutrient agent, and insecticide are wrapped on the seed surface to provide a small amount of nutrition for seed germination and growth to promote growth and development, and at the same time prevent diseases and pests. However, most pellets have problems such as poor water absorption, poor respiration, or high seedling burning rate, resulting in low germination rate, high product use cost, low cost performance, and restricting the large-scale application of the pelletization technology. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to solve the problems existing in the above technology, the utility model provides a high-fertilizer-efficiency comprehensive pelletized seed. A pellet powder formula is customized according to a specific powder ratio of magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer of blue algae type, insecticide, nutrient promoter, binder, disintegrant, etc., and is layered to wrap the seeds layer by layer with the fertilizer content increasing from less to more, and finally light pellets and / or heavy pellets with controllable size and fertilizer efficiency function are made. After the pellets meet water, due to the unique disintegration structure and the help of the binder and disintegrant, they can quickly absorb water and expand and disintegrate, enabling the seeds to be fully moistened, breathe smoothly, and germinate smoothly, thus realizing the goal of seeds being sown with fertilizer and medicine. By using the layered wrapping process, a certain time difference appears in the dissolution of the slow-release fertilizer, reducing the hidden danger of seedling burning. It can achieve no fertilization during the whole growth period of crops, improve the germination rate of seeds, greatly reduce the fertilizer consumption, save labor, increase the yield, and at the same time reduce environmental pollution and achieve sustainable development.
[0005] A kind of pelletized seed, with multiple layers of spherical shells respectively composed of one or more combinations of cyanobacteria-type magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder and bentonite, attapulgite, vermiculite, carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked povidone, as well as insecticides and nutritional agents, are sequentially wrapped around the outer layer of the crop seeds.
[0006] According to a kind of pelletized seed of the present application, the spherical shells are sequentially nested and arranged in a total of five layers on the outer layer of the crop seeds, which are the first spherical shell, the second spherical shell, the third spherical shell, the fourth spherical shell and the fifth spherical shell from the inside to the outside.
[0007] According to a kind of pelletized seed of the present application, several controlled-release pellets are respectively arranged inside the third spherical shell, the fourth spherical shell and the fifth spherical shell located on the outer side among the five spherical shells.
[0008] According to a kind of pelletized seed of the present application, the controlled-release pellet includes a degradable resin layer and a circular fertilizer arranged inside the degradable resin layer.
[0009] After adopting the technology proposed by the present utility model, the pelletized seeds according to the embodiments of the present utility model have the following beneficial effects.
[0010] 1) By orderly wrapping the seeds in layers, the fertilizer ratio and dosage in the powder formula of each layer of pellets can be adjusted, further avoiding the burning of seedlings caused by too high dissolution concentration.
[0011] 2) By adding special controlled-release pellets to the pellet powder, the release time can be controlled to avoid burning of seedlings. The controlled-release pellets can provide a large amount of nitrogen and potassium elements for crops with high demand for nitrogen or potassium elements, and supplement the insufficient part of nitrogen elements in the cyanobacteria-type magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder.
[0012] 3) It realizes sowing with medicine. When the seeds are pelletized, effective ingredients such as pesticides, plant growth regulators, water retainers, and oxygen enhancers can be added and wrapped on the seed surface in an orderly and layered manner. It can not only achieve plant protection before precise sowing and provide a microenvironment for seed germination, but also achieve the purpose of protecting and strengthening seedlings and regulating growth. Description of the Drawings
[0013] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the pelletized seed in the embodiment of the present application;
[0014] Figure 2 It is a formula table of corn heavy pellet powder for the corn heavy pelletized seed in the embodiment of the present application;
[0015] Figure 3 It is a process flow chart of the preparation of the pelletized seed in the embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments
[0016] The following will describe various preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description with reference to the drawings is provided to assist in understanding the exemplary embodiments of the present invention defined by the claims and their equivalents. It includes various specific details for assistance in understanding, but they are only to be regarded as exemplary. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Moreover, to make the description of the specification clearer and more concise, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations will be omitted.
[0017] As Figure 1 shown, a pelletized seed has a spherical shell 2 formed by sequentially wrapping multiple layers around the outer layer of a crop seed 1. The spherical shell 2 is composed of one or a combination of magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder of the cyanobacteria type, bentonite, attapulgite, vermiculite, carboxymethyl cellulose, crospovidone, and an insecticide and a nutrient agent.
[0018] The five layers of the spherical shell 2 are sequentially nested around the outer layer of the crop seed 1, and are respectively the first spherical shell 21, the second spherical shell 22, the third spherical shell 23, the fourth spherical shell 24, and the fifth spherical shell 25 from the inside out.
[0019] Inside the third spherical shell 23, the fourth spherical shell 24, and the fifth spherical shell 25, which are located on the outer side among the five layers of the spherical shell 2, several controlled-release pellets 3 are respectively provided.
[0020] The controlled-release pellet 3 includes a degradable resin layer 31 and a circular fertilizer 32 provided inside the degradable resin layer 31.
[0021] The circular fertilizer 32 can be fertilizer powder and / or granules.
[0022] The embodiments of the present application further specifically illustrate by taking the preparation of corn heavy pelletized seeds as an example, and the specific preparation method is as follows.
[0023] 1. Preparation of pellet powder
[0024] 1) Preparation of materials
[0025] Magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder of the cyanobacteria type (40 mesh).
[0026] Controlled-release pellets (0.8 - 1.2 mm).
[0027] Bentonite (375 mesh).
[0028] Attapulgite (200 mesh).
[0029] Vermiculite powder (100 mesh).
[0030] Functional organic nutrients.
[0031] Carboxymethyl cellulose.
[0032] Cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone.
[0033] 2) Processing equipment
[0034] Centrifugal small seed pelleting machine BY-400.
[0035] Air energy pelleting low-temperature suspension dryer.
[0036] 3) Preparation of powder:
[0037] Taking the corn heavy pelleting formula as an example, a total of 5 groups of powders are used as a composite formula, and the corn seeds are wrapped in five layers. See the appendix Figure 1 .
[0038] Prepare five containers to store the powders of formula A, B, C, D, and E respectively. Weigh each raw material accurately according to the weight ratio. In the mixing container, first add the cyanobacteria-type magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite, and attapulgite, and stir evenly. Then add vermiculite powder, medicament, and nutrient agent and continue to stir until evenly mixed. Finally, add cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone and mix quickly to obtain the seed pelleting mixed powder.
[0039] 2. Seed preparation:
[0040] Prepare the qualified seeds as required and set aside.
[0041] 3. Pellet making:
[0042] Pour the seeds into the centrifugal small seed pelleting machine BY-400, with a rotation speed of 18 r / min - 25 r / min. Slowly drip clean water with moderate viscosity to make it evenly adhere to the surface of the seeds, and the seeds do not stick to each other. Evenly sprinkle the powder of formula A into the centrifugal small seed pelleting machine to evenly wrap it on each seed until the first layer of wrapping amount reaches the standard, then stop adding powder and run idle for 1 min; add the powder of formula B for the second layer of wrapping, stop adding powder when the wrapping amount reaches the standard, and run idle for 1 min; add the powder of formula C for the third layer of wrapping, stop adding powder when the wrapping amount reaches the standard, and run idle for 1 min; add the powder of formula D for the fourth layer of wrapping, stop adding powder when the wrapping amount reaches the standard, and run idle for 1 min; add the powder of formula E for the fifth layer of wrapping, stop adding powder when the wrapping amount reaches the standard, and run idle for 5 min; increase the surface strength and compactness of the pelleted seeds. After all the pelleted seeds are of uniform size and smooth appearance, add a small amount of pigment for coloring, run idle, and dry and polish.
[0043] The above process flow chart of the preparation of pelleted seeds is shown in Figure 2 as follows.
[0044] The pelleted seeds according to the present application are composed of a magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder of the cyanobacteria type, controlled-release pellets, bentonite, attapulgite, vermiculite powder, functional organic nutrients (i.e., nutrient agents), (insecticidal) agents, carboxymethyl cellulose used as a binder, and cross-linked povidone used as a disintegrant to form high-fertilizer-efficiency comprehensive pelleted seeds. According to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of plants and crop seeds, this solution designs and formulates slow-release fertilizers with different contents and pellet mixed powders with different ratios, and gradually wraps them on the seeds layer by layer through a centrifuge, so as to realize the seeds going to the ground with fertilizer and medicine, and provide sufficient nutrients and supply guarantee for various crop seeds as required.
[0045] The pelleted seeds according to the present application make full use of the combination of the high fertility, low solubility of the magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder of the cyanobacteria type and the controllable nutrient release of the controlled-release pellets to provide sufficient nutrients for crops such as high-nitrogen and high-potassium; the water-swelling property, plasticity and adhesiveness of bentonite; the unique fiber structure, water permeability and air permeability of attapulgite; the excellent functions of water and fertilizer retention, temperature regulation of vermiculite powder, and the ability to enhance the air permeability and microbial activity of the pellets. By using raw materials with different particle sizes for grading, relying on the unique fiber structure of attapulgite to connect, control and optimize the pellet grading structure and strength, and by using adhesives and cracking agents, the pellet shell can be quickly cracked when encountering water. Using the semi-cracked form of the pellets, the EC value changes from small to large from the center to the outside. By using the dissolution time difference for layer-by-layer wrapping, it is avoided that the fertilizer dissolution solution is too concentrated to burn the seedlings. Ensure that the crops can grow smoothly and without lack of fertilizer.
[0046] The controlled-release pellets are prepared by wrapping urea, potassium fertilizer, etc. with a degradable resin, and the film coating degradation time is designed as required, and it dissolves when needed to achieve the purpose of fertilization. During the seedling stage of the crop, the controlled-release pellets will not be damaged, avoiding premature dissolution and overflow to burn the seedlings. It can control the release of chemical fertilizers such as urea and potassium fertilizer, and release nutrients for 40-60 days.
[0047] The present invention has incomparable advantages in many aspects such as improving the quality and efficiency of agriculture, reducing phosphorus application, protecting resources, and environmental protection.
[0048] 1. By orderly wrapping the seeds layer by layer, the fertilizer ratio and dosage in the formula of each layer of pellet powder can be adjusted to further avoid the seedling burning caused by too high dissolution concentration.
[0049] 2. By adding special controlled-release pellets to the pellet powder, the release time can be controlled to avoid seedling burning. The controlled-release pellets can provide a large amount of nitrogen and potassium elements for crops with a large demand for nitrogen or potassium elements, and supplement the insufficient nitrogen elements of the magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder of the cyanobacteria type.
[0050] 3. Realize going to the fields with drugs. While processing the seed pelleting, active ingredients such as pesticides, plant growth regulators, water retainers, and oxygenators can be added and wrapped on the seed surface in an orderly and layered manner. This can not only achieve plant protection before precise sowing, improve the germination microenvironment for seeds, but also achieve the purpose of ensuring seedling survival and strong seedlings and regulating growth.
[0051] The above has introduced the present utility model in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present utility model; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0052] Through the description of the above implementation manners, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present utility model is implementable. Of course, the above-listed situations are only examples, and the present utility model is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art should understand that according to other deformations or simplifications of the technical solution of the present utility model, they can be appropriately applied to the present utility model and should be included within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A pelleted seed, characterized in that, A multi-layer spherical shell (2) composed of one or a combination of magnesium ammonium phosphate bio-fertilizer powder of cyanobacteria type, bentonite, attapulgite, vermiculite, carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked povidone, and insecticidal agents and nutrient agents is sequentially wrapped around the outer layer of crop seeds (1).
2. The pelleted seed according to claim 1, wherein, A total of five layers of the spherical shell (2) are sequentially nested on the outer layer of the crop seeds (1), which are the first spherical shell (21), the second spherical shell (22), the third spherical shell (23), the fourth spherical shell (24), and the fifth spherical shell (25) from the inside to the outside respectively.
3. A pelleted seed according to claim 2, characterized in that, A number of controlled-release pellets (3) are respectively provided inside the third spherical shell (23), the fourth spherical shell (24), and the fifth spherical shell (25) located on the outer side among the five layers of spherical shells (2).
4. A pelleted seed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controlled-release pellet (3) includes a degradable resin layer (31) and a circular fertilizer (32) provided inside the degradable resin layer (31).