Gliding angle ruler for measuring gliding angle of approaching airplane by LSO
By designing a sliding angle ruler and bracket made of transparent materials, combined with personalized arm length customization, the inconsistency and error of the LSO measurement of the sliding angle of the approach aircraft is solved, and high-precision measurement adaptability is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421878881.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-05
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when the LSO measures the angle of the approaching aircraft without relying on a centerline camera, it is greatly affected by the personal fingers and posture, resulting in inconsistent measurements and affecting command accuracy. The angles of the downhill passages of different aircraft models are different, which increases visual error.
A sliding angle ruler is designed, made of transparent materials, capable of looking through the aircraft, customized according to the LSO's arm length, provides tick marks to accurately measure the sliding angle, and is equipped with a bracket and electronic version to support measurements under a variety of visibility conditions.
It improves the accuracy and uniformity of LSO measuring the downward angle of approaching aircraft, reduces visual errors, and adapts to measurement needs under different visibility and night conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223086286U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of LSO measurement guidance, and particularly relates to a glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft by LSO. Background Art
[0002] First of all, at present, when the LSO command of China's aircraft carrier workstation does not rely on instruments such as the centerline camera, it can only level the fingers after straightening the arm, and visually estimate the height of the glide path by the height of two or several fingers on the sea-sky line. This method is greatly affected by personal fingers and measurement postures, and the standards are not unified, which affects the command accuracy of the LSO and is likely to have a negative impact on the carrier-based aircraft during glide. On the other hand, with the increase in the types of carrier-based fixed-wing aircraft on the aircraft carrier, the glide path angles of each type of aircraft are different. If the LSO simply uses the thumb to visually estimate the glide path, there is a risk of increasing visual estimation errors. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft by LSO. The glide angle ruler is made of a transparent material to ensure that the LSO can see the gliding aircraft through the glide angle ruler. The material can be a transparent material such as glass or resin.
[0004] When the carrier-based aircraft is gliding and landing, the LSO of the aircraft carrier workstation uses the glide angle ruler to measure whether the gliding carrier-based aircraft is on the correct glide path. Measure the arm length of each LSO, and customize the glide angle ruler for each LSO according to the arm length, and use it individually to ensure the measurement accuracy. When the visibility is good and the skyline or sea-sky line can be seen with the naked eye, align the 0° line of the glide angle ruler with the sea-sky (skyline) line, and then compare the scale lines representing different glide angles on the glide angle ruler with the gliding aircraft to determine whether the aircraft is on the correct glide path by comparing whether the gliding aircraft is higher, lower or coincides with the scale line. The glide angle ruler can also be used at night when the sea-sky line can be seen under moonlight. When there is no moonlight at night and the sea-sky line cannot be seen, a night vision device can be used to find the sea-sky line, align the 0° line of the glide angle ruler with the sea-sky line, and then the operation is the same as when the sea-sky line can be seen with the naked eye.
[0005] The LSO can also use the bracket glide angle ruler installed on the display tabletop of the workstation to measure the glide angle and direction deviation of the approaching aircraft. The LSO stands at a fixed position, keeps the distance between the eyes and the bracket glide angle ruler, and then uses the scale line of the bracket glide angle ruler to measure the glide angle and direction deviation of the approaching aircraft. The method is the same as that of the above glide angle ruler.
[0006] When the visibility is poor or the sea-sky line cannot be seen with the naked eye at night, an electronic version of the glide angle ruler is used to find the sea-sky line by using infrared, low-light and other modes. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0008] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lower corner angle ruler for LSO use, where 1 is the right middle finger hole, 2 is the right ring finger hole, 3 is the 0° scale line, 4 is the preset downward-sliding angle scale line and value, 5 is the scale line from the 90° position of the 180° turn of type I to the pull-out point, 6 are the direction scale points of the straight downward-sliding segments of 300 meters, 600 meters, 1200 meters, 1500 meters, and 1800 meters, and 7 is the auxiliary line parallel to the landing / landing area boundary of the downward-sliding angle ruler.
[0009] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the downward-sliding angle ruler for LSO assistant or other personnel use, where 8 is the right thumb hole and 9 is the thumb pressing base of the downward-sliding angle ruler.
[0010] Figure 3 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the downward-sliding angle ruler for LSO assistant or other personnel use.
[0011] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the front of the electronic downward-sliding angle ruler, where 10 are the digital input keys, 11 is the infrared mode key, 12 is the low-light mode key, and 13 is the transparent display screen.
[0012] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the front of the electronic downward-sliding angle ruler, where 4.1 is the first preset downward-sliding angle scale line applicable to type III straight downward-sliding, and 4.2 is the second preset downward-sliding angle scale line applicable to type III straight downward-sliding.
[0013] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the back of the electronic downward-sliding angle ruler, where 14 is the camera for infrared mode and 15 is the camera for low-light mode.
[0014] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the lower corner angle ruler for LSO use applicable to type III straight downward-sliding.
[0015] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the downward-sliding angle ruler for LSO assistant or other personnel use applicable to type III straight downward-sliding.
[0016] Figure 9 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the downward-sliding angle ruler for LSO assistant or other personnel use applicable to type III straight downward-sliding.
[0017] Figure 10Schematic diagram of a glide angle ruler for Class III straight glides, suitable for use by left-handed LSO assistants or other personnel.
[0018] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the calculation method for the distance between the glide angle scale line and the 0° line, where A represents the eyes of the LSO or assistant, B represents the 0° line, C represents the gliding aircraft, AB is the arm length, and BC represents the glide angle of the aircraft.
[0019] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle for the direction scale points, where J is the alignment point for the 180° turn-out of Class I routes, G is the position of the LSO at the workstation, I is the point on the glide path parallel to point G, H is the point in front of the LSO's line of sight parallel to point J, JI is the glide path, and 16, 17, 18, 19 are the lines of sight formed by the aircraft approaching the LSO along the glide path.
[0020] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the calculation principle for the angle between the 90° position to the turn-out point and the horizontal scale line in a Class I 180° turn, where 20 is the projection of the Class I 180° turn on the horizontal plane at the height of the turn-out point, 21 is the trajectory from the 90° position to the turn-out point of the 180° turn, JED is the triangle formed by the 90° position and the turn-out point, JE’D’ is the projected triangle of JED within the LSO's field of view, J is the alignment point for the 180° turn-out of Class I routes, and G is the position of the LSO at the workstation.
[0021] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the bracket glide angle ruler installed on the workstation tabletop, where 22 is a C-clamp, 23 is the clamping bolt of the C-clamp, 24 is an outer sleeve, 25 is a locking bolt, and 26 is a telescopic rod.
[0022] Figure 15 Partial schematic diagram of the bracket glide angle ruler, where 27 is the glide angle scale.
[0023] Figure 16 Side view schematic diagram of the bracket glide angle, where 28 is the locking bolt. Detailed implementation manner
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of this application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.
[0025] When the general LSO directs a landing aircraft, he holds the microphone in his left hand, the go-around cut-off handle in his right hand, and uses the LSO glide slope angle ruler. Since the workstation assistant and others have their hands free, especially not holding the go-around cut-off handle, they use the assistant glide slope angle ruler. When using the LSO glide slope angle ruler, hold the go-around cut-off handle in the right hand, use the thumb to press the go-around button, the index finger to press the cut-off light button, and the middle finger and ring finger to pass through the middle finger hole and ring finger hole on the left side of the glide slope angle ruler respectively. When holding the go-around cut-off handle, keep the knuckle of the fist upward and keep the glide slope angle ruler vertical facing the glide path. The measurement method of the arm length is: straighten the arm, keep the knuckle of the fist upward, make the middle finger level with the eye position, and the distance between the eye and the middle of the third joint of the middle finger.
[0026] As Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, the LSO can also use the bracket glide slope angle ruler to measure the glide slope angle and direction of the approaching aircraft. The bracket glide slope angle ruler is fixed on the display table in front of the workstation using devices such as C-clamps. The LSO stands at a fixed position, keeps the distance from the bracket glide slope angle ruler, adjusts the telescopic rod of the bracket glide slope angle ruler and fixes it with the Figure 16 25 locking bolts shown, so that the LSO's eyes are level with the 0° scale line, and then use the preset glide slope angle scale and direction scale to measure the glide slope angle and direction of the approaching aircraft.
[0027] The calculation method of the direction scale points is shown in Figure 12 , where point G represents the position of the LSO at the workstation, GI represents the distance of the LSO from the center line of the landing / landing area, and GH represents the distance of a straight glide of 1800 meters. When using the glide slope angle ruler, the LSO faces the glide path, and the arm is straightened and parallel to the center line of the landing / landing area. Since there is a lateral distance between the position where the LSO stands and the center line of the landing / landing area, the direction of the landing aircraft can only be judged by calculating the angle by which the landing aircraft deviates from the LSO's arm: deviation angle to the left = arctan(GI / GH).
[0028] The length from the perpendicular line on the glide slope angle ruler = deviation angle to the left / 360 * arm length * 2π
[0029] The calculation method of the angle between the 90° position to the pull-out point and the horizontal scale line during a Class I 180° turn is shown in Figure 13 , where J is the position of the 180° turn pull-out point, JD is the distance of the 90° position from the center line of the landing / landing, DE is the height difference between the 90° position and the pull-out point position, and ∠EJD = tan(ED / JD).
[0030] Measurement method for the length of the assistant's glide slope angle ruler: Stretch the arm straight, with the inside of the fist facing up and the palm loosely clenched. Measure the distance from the eyes to the root of the thumb nail. Place the base of the glide slope ruler on the index finger, and pass the thumb through the thumb hole to press on the base to fix the glide slope angle ruler. The root of the thumb nail should be on the same vertical line as the main body of the glide slope ruler. Then, keep the 0° line at the same height as the LSO eye position, and you can determine whether the aircraft is on the correct glide path according to the engraved scale line.
[0031] For Class I routes, the LSO and the assistant use a glide slope angle ruler with scale lines from the 90° position with a 180° turn to the recovery point. For Class III routes, the LSO and the assistant use a glide slope angle ruler with only glide slope scale lines.
[0032] Situation 1: When visibility is good and the horizon or sea horizon can be seen with the naked eye, align the 0° line of the glide slope angle ruler with the horizon. Then, compare the scale lines representing different glide slope angles on the glide slope angle ruler with the approaching aircraft. If the approaching aircraft is above the expected scale line during the approach glide, it means that the current gliding aircraft has a high glide; if the approaching aircraft is below the expected scale line, it means that the current gliding aircraft has a low glide; if the approaching aircraft coincides with the expected scale line, it means that the current gliding aircraft has a correct glide. This glide slope angle ruler can also be used at night when the sea horizon is visible under moonlight.
[0033] Situation 2: When there is no moonlight at night and the sea horizon cannot be seen, a night vision device can be used to find the sea horizon, and align the 0° line of the glide slope angle ruler with the sea horizon. Then, the operation method is the same as in Situation 1.
[0034] Situation 3: When visibility is poor or the sea horizon cannot be seen with the naked eye at night, use an electronic glide slope angle ruler. As Figure 3 shown, enter the preset glide path scale line in the numeric keypad area. After confirmation, the 0° line and the preset glide slope scale line, such as the 4.0-degree glide slope scale line, will appear on the transparent display screen. Then, search for the sea horizon using the infrared or low-light mode, align the 0° line with the sea horizon, and the subsequent operation steps and methods are the same as those in Situation 1. The transparent screen of the electronic glide slope angle ruler can display one glide slope scale line or multiple glide slope scale lines. When the LSO needs to direct aircraft with different glide slopes, the glide slope scale line displayed on the transparent screen can be changed by entering through the numeric keys.
[0035] Calculation method for the distance between the glide slope scale line and the 0° line is as Figure 11As shown in the figure, A in the figure represents the eye of the LSO, B represents half of the third joint of the middle finger of the LSO or the root of the thumbnail of the LSO assistant thumb, AB is the arm length of the LSO, and the measurement method of the arm length is as follows: The LSO stretches out the arm, holds the palm loosely, presses the thumb on the third joint of the index finger, keeps the thumb horizontal, and keeps the thumb at the same level as the eye. The distance from the eye to the root of the thumbnail is AB. AC represents the 0° line in the glide angle scale, that is, the horizon / sea horizon line, and BC is the distance between the glide path scale line and the 0° line, BC = AB * 2π * glide angle / 360.
[0036] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation on the protection scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or deformations that can be made without creative efforts on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft by LSO, characterized in that: Made of transparent material, one or more scale lines with different glide angles are engraved on the glide angle ruler, including the 0° line, the straight glide angle scale lines of Class III, or the scale lines from the 90° position of the 180° turn in Class I to the pull-out point.
2. The glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft according to claim 1, wherein: The glide angle ruler is customized according to the arm length of each LSO.
3. The glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between the glide scale line of the aircraft on the glide angle ruler and the 0° line is calculated according to the formula BC = AB * 2π * glide angle / 360, where BC is the vertical distance between the scale line and the 0° line, and AB is the arm length of the user.
4. The glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft according to claim 1, wherein: At the horizontal position of the straight glide angle scale line, there are also direction scale points of 300 m, 600 m, 900 m, 1200 m, 1500 m, and 1800 m indicating the glide direction.
5. The glide angle ruler for measuring the glide angle of an approaching aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen of the electronic glide angle ruler is a transparent screen, and infrared and low-light devices are used to find the sea horizon.