Tension and pressure universal material testing machine with protective structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of testing machines, and particularly relates to a tension and pressure universal material testing machine with a protective structure, which comprises a frame body, brackets are fixed at the top end and the bottom end in the frame body, a winding wheel is rotatably connected to the middle of each bracket, and a fastening clamp is mounted on any side in the winding wheel; the rotating lead screw is used for adjusting the height of the lifting block, the lifting block adjusts the height of the two sensors in the lifting process, the sensors are made to be aligned with the middle position of an experimental material, and the sensors are used for detecting that the experimental material stops experimenting the material immediately at the moment when the experimental material is snapped. The motor II drives the winding wheel to rotate, so that the upper section and the lower section of a material which is snapped in an experiment are stored in the winding wheel, the material is prevented from being guided out and swung after a tension and pressure experiment, the test machine is kept clean and tidy, and the problem that the interior of a cavity is messy due to winding and knotting at the moment of sudden breakage of the material of an existing test machine is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of testing machines, and particularly relates to a universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protection structure. Background Technique

[0002] A testing machine is used to conduct mechanical property experiments on materials before they are put on the market for use or during the R & D stage. The material to be tested is placed inside a sealed chamber and clamped firmly. The experimental process is to continuously apply tensile and compressive forces to the material until the material deforms and then immediately stop the test. The characteristics of the material are analyzed based on the final ultimate deformation shape of the material.

[0003] The testing machine relies on clamping jaws to clamp the upper and lower ends of the material. For soft strip-shaped materials, once the material suddenly breaks during the tensile test, the material forms several fracture fragments that swing outward to various corners inside the chamber. The scattered material is wound around the surface of the clamping jaws under the action of the external force swing, making the inside of the chamber messy. It takes a long time to tidy up the chamber after each experiment, affecting the progress of the next experiment and resulting in low experimental efficiency. The protection measures need to be improved. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the problem that the existing testing machine will cause entanglement and knotting, resulting in a messy inside of the chamber when the material suddenly breaks.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problem is: a universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protection structure, including a frame:

[0006] Brackets are fixedly installed at both the top and bottom ends inside the frame. A winding wheel is rotatably connected in the middle of the brackets. A fastening clip is installed on either side inside the winding wheel. A driving shaft is inserted and fixed through the center of the winding wheel. The front and rear ends of the driving shaft penetrate through the front and rear ends of the adjacent brackets, and the brackets are rotatably connected to the driving shaft;

[0007] A pair of push-pull rods are arranged between the brackets. A concave clamping jaw is arranged at the inner end of the push-pull rod. A convex clamping jaw is slidably connected to the left end of the concave clamping jaw. A first side groove is opened at the lower end of the concave clamping jaw, and a second side groove is opened at the lower end of the convex clamping jaw. A clamping block is arranged above between the first side groove and the second side groove. The clamping block is slidably connected to the concave clamping jaw, and the clamping block is fixedly connected to the convex clamping jaw.

[0008] Preferably, perspective windows are installed at both the front and rear ends of the frame, and a base is installed at the lower end of the frame. The perspective windows are located above the base.

[0009] Preferably, an iron wheel is fixed to the front end of the drive shaft, an electromagnet is rotatably connected to the front end of the iron wheel, and mounting seats fixed to the top and bottom ends of the frame are installed at the front end of the electromagnet.

[0010] Preferably, lead screws are rotatably connected to both the left and right ends inside the frame body. Lifting blocks that slide inside the left and right ends of the frame are threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the lead screws. Sensors are installed at the inner ends of the lifting blocks, and the upper ends of the lead screws are drivingly connected to a first motor installed at the upper end of the frame body.

[0011] Preferably, the rear end of the drive shaft is drivingly connected to a second motor, and the second motors are respectively installed at the top and bottom ends of the frame body.

[0012] Preferably, hydraulic cylinders installed at the top and bottom ends of the frame body are drivingly connected to the outer ends of the push-pull rods, and an electro-hydraulic push rod is drivingly connected between adjacent clamping blocks and convex claws on the same horizontal plane.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present utility model are as follows:

[0014] The hydraulic cylinder drives the corresponding push-pull rod to move up and down. The push-pull rod causes the corresponding concave claws and convex claws to move up and down simultaneously. The height of the concave claws and convex claws inside the frame body can be adjusted according to the length of the material to be tested. The clamping block clamps the material between the concave claws and convex claws, enabling the concave claws and convex claws to respectively clamp the upper and lower ends of materials of different lengths.

[0015] The first side groove and the second side groove facilitate the experimental material to pass through the corresponding winding wheels after being clamped by the concave claws and convex claws. The fastening clip is used to fix the outermost end of the redundant part of the experimental material inside the winding wheel. The winding wheel is used to wind up the redundant parts at the upper and lower ends of the experimental material to keep the material neatly clamped between the concave claws and convex claws.

[0016] Rotating the lead screw is used to adjust the height of the lifting block. During the lifting process of the lifting block, the height of the two sensors is adjusted to align the sensors with the middle position of the experimental material. The sensors are used to detect the experimental material and immediately stop the experiment when the material is broken. The second motor drives the winding wheel to rotate to wind up the upper and lower sections of the broken experimental material inside the winding wheel, preventing the material from winding around the surfaces of the concave claws and convex claws after breaking and avoiding the material from swinging out after the tensile and compressive force experiment, keeping the testing machine clean and tidy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a plan view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3This is an assembly effect diagram of the concave claw and the convex claw of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a drawing showing the installation effect of the winding wheel of the utility model.

[0021] In the figure: 1. perspective window; 2. frame; 3. base; 4. screw; 5. motor 1; 6. lifting block; 7. sensor; 8. concave claw; 9. convex claw; 10. electric hydraulic push rod; 11. side groove 1; 12. side groove 2; 13. clamping block; 14. push-pull rod; 15. hydraulic cylinder; 16. bracket; 17. mounting seat; 18. electromagnet; 19. iron wheel; 20. driving shaft; 21. winding wheel; 22. motor 2; 23. fastening clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] See also Figures 1-4 The utility model provides a technical solution: 1. A tension and compression universal material testing machine with a protective structure, including a frame 2: brackets 16 are fixed at both top and bottom ends of the frame 2, a winding wheel 21 is rotatably connected in the middle of the bracket 16, and a fastening clamp 23 is installed on either side of the winding wheel 21, and a driving shaft 20 is inserted and fixed at the center of the winding wheel 21, and the front and rear ends of the driving shaft 20 pass through the front and rear ends of the adjacent brackets 16, and the brackets 16 are rotatably connected to the driving shaft 20; a pair of push-pull rods 14 are arranged between the brackets 16, and a concave claw 8 is arranged at the inner end of the push-pull rod 14, and a convex claw 9 is slidably connected to the left end of the concave claw 8, and a side groove 11 is provided at the lower end of the concave claw 8, and a side groove 2 12 is provided at the lower end of the convex claw 9, and a clamping block 13 is arranged above the side groove 11 and the side groove 2 12, and the clamping block 13 is slidably connected to the concave claw 8, and the clamping The block 13 is fixedly connected to the convex claw 9; perspective windows 1 are installed at both ends of the front and rear of the frame 2, and the visual perspective window 1 is convenient for the staff to observe the experimental changes inside the test machine. A base 3 is installed at the lower end of the frame 2, and the perspective window 1 is located above the base 3; the outer ends of the push-pull rods 14 are transmission-connected to hydraulic cylinders 15 installed at the top and bottom ends of the frame 2, and an electric hydraulic push rod 10 is transmission-connected between the adjacent clamping blocks 13 and the convex claws 9 on the same horizontal plane. The concave clamping jaws are kept upright inside the frame 2 with the adjacent push-pull rods 14 as support points. The hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the corresponding push-pull rods 14 to move up and down, and the electric hydraulic push rod 10 is used to drive the convex clamping jaw to slide along the concave clamping jaw. The convex clamping jaw approaches or moves away from the convex clamping jaw on the same horizontal plane, and the electric hydraulic push rod 10 changes the spacing between the concave clamping jaw and the convex clamping jaw corresponding to the same horizontal plane;

[0023] The hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the corresponding push-pull rod 14 to move up and down, and the push-pull rod 14 causes the corresponding concave claw 8 and convex claw 9 to move up and down at the same time, and the height of the concave claw 8 and the convex claw 9 inside the frame 2 can be adjusted according to the length of the tested material;

[0024] The perspective window 1 is opened, and the experimental material is placed inside the frame 2 and between the upper and lower concave clamping claws. After the electric hydraulic push rod 10 moves the convex clamping claw 9 away from the concave clamping claw, the experimental material passes outward along the position between the concave clamping claw 8 and the convex clamping claw 9 through the position between the corresponding side groove 1 11 and the side groove 2 12. The experimental material passes outward from between the side groove 1 11 and the side groove 2 12 to the corresponding winding wheel 21. The side groove 1 11 and the side groove 2 12 facilitate the experimental material to pass through the corresponding winding wheel 21 after being clamped by the concave clamping claw 8 and the convex clamping claw 9. The hydraulic push rod 10 recloses the concave clamping jaw and the convex clamping jaw corresponding to the same horizontal plane, and the clamping block 13 moves with the movement of the convex clamping jaw 9. The clamping block 13 is pushed into the surface of the corresponding concave clamping jaw 8 by the convex clamping jaw 9, and the clamping block 13 clamps the material between the concave clamping jaw 8 and the convex clamping jaw 9. The clamping block 13 limits the space for the material to move between the concave clamping jaw 8 and the convex clamping jaw 9, so that the concave clamping jaw 8 and the convex clamping jaw 9 clamp the upper and lower ends of the materials of different lengths respectively, and the excess material is located inside the winding wheel 21, and the material is located between the two sensors 7 inside the frame 2;

[0025] The fastening clamp 23 is opened, and after the excess length of the material is wound around the winding wheel 21, the fixing clamp is locked, and the fixing clamp clamps the material, and the end of the excess part of the tested material is fixed inside the winding wheel 21 by means of the fastening clamp 23, and the electromagnet 18 is closed, and the electromagnet 18 no longer attracts the iron wheel 19, and the rear end of the driving shaft 20 is connected to the motor 22, and the motor 22 is respectively installed at the top and bottom ends of the frame 2, and the motor 22 is started to drive the driving shaft 20 to rotate, and the driving shaft 20 drives the winding wheel 21 to rotate, and the winding wheel 21 is used to roll up the excess parts of the upper and lower ends of the tested material to keep the material clamped neatly between the concave claw 8 and the convex claw 9. For soft materials, the winding wheel 21 is required, and hard materials do not need to pass through the side groove 11 and the side groove 2 12 to extend into the winding wheel 21. The testing machine can conduct experiments on a variety of materials, and the perspective window 1 is closed to seal the material inside the frame 2, and the perspective window 1 provides personnel with protective measures and a visual interface;

[0026] An iron wheel 19 is fixed to the front end of the driving shaft 20, and an electromagnet 18 is rotatably connected to the front end of the iron wheel 19. The front end of the electromagnet 18 is equipped with a mounting seat 17 fixed to the top and bottom ends of the frame. The electromagnet 18 is energized to attract the iron wheel 19, and the iron wheel 19 locks the driving shaft 20 to prevent the winding wheel 21 from loosening.

[0027] On both the left and right ends inside the frame 2, there are screw rods 4 rotatably connected. On the outer surface of the screw rod 4, there are lifting blocks 6 that slide left and right inside the frame. Inside ends of the lifting blocks 6 are each equipped with a sensor 7. The upper end of the screw rod 4 is drivingly connected to a first motor 5 installed at the upper end of the frame 2. By driving the screw rod 4 to rotate with the first motor 5, the lifting blocks 6 slide up and down along the left and right ends inside the frame 2 as the screw rod 4 rotates. Rotating the screw rod 4 is used to adjust the height of the lifting blocks 6. The sensors 7 move up and down as the lifting blocks 6 slide up and down. During the lifting process of the lifting blocks 6, the height of the two sensors 7 is adjusted. The sensors 7 move up and down on both the left and right sides of the test material until the sensors 7 are aligned with the middle position of the test material, and then the first motor 5 is turned off to stop the rotation of the screw rod 4, so as to ensure that the sensors 7 can be adjusted to the middle position on both the left and right sides of the test material, and the technical effect of adjusting the height of the sensors 7 according to the length of the test material can be achieved;

[0028] The hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the corresponding push-pull rod 14 to move in the direction close to the bracket 16. The upper and lower two push-pull rods 14 move away from each other. The push-pull rod 14 moves the corresponding concave clamping jaws and convex clamping jaws in the direction close to the bracket 16. The concave clamping jaws and convex clamping jaws on the upper and lower sides inside the frame 2 pull the upper and lower ends of the material in the direction close to the bracket 16, and the material is stretched. The staff observes the change of the material through the visual inspection window 1;

[0029] The sensors 7, the electromagnets 18, the second motor 22, the hydraulic cylinder 15, and the electro-hydraulic push rod 10 are connected through a PLC to form a complete automatic feedback control system. The sensors 7 emit laser light that irradiates the surface of the material. When the test material is about to break, the laser light emitted by the sensors 7 will irradiate the other sensor 7. The sensors 7 feed back to the hydraulic cylinder 15 through the PLC, and the sensors 7 stop the hydraulic cylinder 15 from pulling the push-pull rod 14, so the experiment on the material is immediately stopped. The second motor 22 is driven to rotate the winding wheel 21 to store the upper and lower sections of the test material broken during the experiment inside the winding wheel 21, avoiding the material from winding around the surface of the concave clamping jaws 8 and convex clamping jaws 9 after breaking, avoiding the material from swinging out after the tensile and compressive force experiment, and keeping the testing machine clean and tidy. The second motor 22 is started to drive the drive shaft 20 to rotate in the reverse direction according to the original rotation direction. The reverse rotation of the drive shaft 20 drives the reverse rotation of the winding wheel 21. At the same time, the material inside the winding wheel 21 is manually pulled, and the tested material can be taken out from inside the winding wheel 21.

Claims

1. A universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protective structure, comprising a frame body (2), characterized in that: At both the top and bottom ends inside the frame body (2), brackets (16) are fixedly installed. A winding wheel (21) is rotatably connected in the middle of the brackets (16). A fastening clip (23) is installed on any one side inside the winding wheel (21). A driving shaft (20) is inserted through and fixed at the center of the winding wheel (21). The front and rear ends of the driving shaft (20) penetrate through the front and rear ends of the adjacent brackets (16), and the brackets (16) are rotatably connected to the driving shaft (20); A pair of push-pull rods (14) are arranged between the brackets (16). Concave claws (8) are arranged at the inner ends of the push-pull rods (14). A convex claw (9) is slidably connected to the left end of the concave claw (8). A first side groove (11) is opened at the lower end of the concave claw (8). A second side groove (12) is opened at the lower end of the convex claw (9). A clamping block (13) is arranged above between the first side groove (11) and the second side groove (12). The clamping block (13) is slidably connected to the concave claw (8), and the clamping block (13) is fixedly connected to the convex claw (9).

2. The universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Perspective windows (1) are installed at both the front and rear ends of the frame body (2). A base (3) is installed at the lower end of the frame body (2). The perspective windows (1) are located above the base (3).

3. The universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A iron wheel (19) is fixedly installed at the front end of the driving shaft (20). An electromagnet (18) is rotatably connected to the front end of the iron wheel (19). Mounting seats (17) fixed to the top and bottom ends of the frame are installed at the front end of the electromagnet (18).

4. The universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lead screws (4) are rotatably connected to both the left and right ends inside the frame body (2). Lifting blocks (6) that slide on the left and right ends inside the frame are threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the lead screws (4). Sensors (7) are installed at the inner ends of the lifting blocks (6). The upper ends of the lead screws (4) are drivingly connected to a first motor (5) installed at the upper end of the frame body (2).

5. A universal tension and compression material testing machine with a protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the driving shaft (20) is drivingly connected to a second motor (22), and the second motors (22) are respectively installed at the top and bottom ends of the frame body (2).

6. The universal tensile and compressive material testing machine with a protection structure according to claim 1, wherein: The outer ends of the push-pull rods (14) are drivingly connected to hydraulic cylinders (15) installed at the top and bottom ends of the frame body (2). Electric hydraulic push rods (10) are drivingly connected between the adjacent clamping blocks (13) and the convex claws (9) on the same horizontal plane.

Images