Shallow-layer landslide disposal structure for strip mine side slope steps
The proposed slope treatment structure addresses the issue of disrupted access by constructing a sloped path using collapsed materials to enable safe passage and restore platform access, improving slope stability and drainage while reducing material transport needs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422289795.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-19
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the treatment method of shallow landslide on the slope steps of open-pit mines causes the platform passage to be cut off and cannot pass through, affecting the normal operation of patrol and cleaning equipment.
The ramp is built at the trailing edge of the landslide body. The lower triangular road base layer, the first stone layer and the soil layer are distributed in sequence from bottom to top. The collapsed materials are piled up to form an arch structure, and drainage ditches and safety retaining walls are set up on the outside of the ramp to restore the platform's pass function.
It has achieved rapid disposal of landslide areas, reduced earthwork transportation volume, restored the platform's passport capacity, reduced the risk of landslide induced by rainwater backflow, and improved the stability and permeability of the slope.
Smart Images
Figure CN223103675U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of open-pit mine slope landslide treatment, in particular to a structure for treating shallow landslides on the steps of an open-pit mine slope. Background Technique
[0002] The open-pit mine slope is an important production factor of the open-pit mine and an important component unit of the open-pit mine stope. The safety of the open-pit mine slope not only affects the economic benefits of the open-pit mine but also determines whether the production can be carried out safely. As an artificial slope project built relying on natural rock masses, the stability of the open-pit mine slope is significantly affected by factors such as the strength of the rock mass itself, the natural hydrographic environment, and the mining method. The occurrence of shallow landslides on the steps of the open-pit mine slope is a common slope disaster accident in open-pit mines. If not properly disposed of, it will lead to more serious secondary disasters. For shallow landslides in open-pit mines, the conventional disposal method is slope cutting and toe weighting. That is, by reducing the total amount of materials at the top, the slope top and the collapsed body are cleared to the bottom of the slope, forming an anti-sliding retaining wall at the bottom of the slope to realize the treatment of the landslide body.
[0003] However, after the conventional "slope cutting and toe weighting" treatment, the platform passage is cut off, and inspection personnel and cleaning devices cannot pass through the landslide and collapse area. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study a treatment structure that can be quickly disposed of at the landslide site and can restore the platform passage function. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a structure for treating shallow landslides on the steps of an open-pit mine slope, so as to solve the problem that the existing treatment method mentioned in the above background technique will cause the platform passage to be cut off and impassable.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A structure for treating shallow landslides on the steps of an open-pit mine slope includes: a rear-edge slope of the landslide body and a ramp; on the basis of the landslide and collapse area, the rear-edge slope of the landslide body is trimmed into a slope surface without loose stones and umbrella rocks according to the original slope of the collapsed platform. The top of the ramp is connected to the rear of the landslide and collapse area of the collapsed platform. The inner side of the ramp surface of the ramp relies on the rear-edge slope of the landslide body. The bottom of the ramp is connected to the lower platform of the collapsed platform, so that after inspection personnel and cleaning equipment enter the ramp through the lower platform, they can pass through the landslide and collapse area of the landslide platform.
[0007] The ramp includes a lower triangular road base course, a first block stone layer, a second block stone layer, and an earth material layer, which are distributed in sequence from bottom to top. The lower triangular road base course, the first block stone layer, and the second block stone layer are all built with collapsed materials. Among them, the lower triangular road base course is built into an arch with large collapsed materials to play a role in draining water and intercepting falling rocks. Among them, large collapsed materials can be selected as large rubble. Through this setting, the traffic capacity of the cut-off platform can be restored, the pulling distance of materials can be reduced, and the treatment efficiency of the slope landslide can be improved.
[0008] Further, the vertical distance from the inner side to the outer side of the ramp surface to the lower platform gradually decreases, so that the ramp surface is inclined from the inside to the outside to facilitate drainage outward.
[0009] Further, it also includes a drainage ditch, which is located on the outer edge of the ramp surface and is arranged from the top to the bottom of the slope of the ramp. Through this setting, the drainage problem is further solved.
[0010] Further, it also includes a safety retaining wall, which is arranged from the top to the bottom of the slope of the ramp and is located outside the drainage ditch. By setting the safety retaining wall, the rolling stones can be intercepted and people or vehicles can be prevented from falling from the slope edge.
[0011] Further, the safety retaining wall is built with earth materials and small collapsed bodies.
[0012] Further, the height of the safety retaining wall is 0.5 - 0.8 m.
[0013] Further, the particle sizes of the materials in the lower triangular road base course, the first block stone layer, the second block stone layer, and the earth material layer gradually decrease in sequence. Through this setting, the stability and water permeability of the ramp can be improved.
[0014] Further, the widths of the lower triangular road base course, the first block stone layer, the second block stone layer, and the earth material layer gradually decrease in sequence. Through this setting, the stability of the ramp can be improved.
[0015] The utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0016] 1. The shallow landslide treatment structure of the open-pit mine slope step of the utility model is constructed by trimming the rear edge slope of the landslide body, and building a ramp on the basis of the rear edge slope of the landslide body. The top of the ramp is connected to the rear of the landslide collapse area of the collapse platform, and the bottom of the ramp is connected to the lower platform of the landslide platform, so that the inspection personnel and cleaning equipment can enter the ramp through the lower platform and pass through the landslide collapse area of the landslide platform, thus solving the passage problem of the collapse platform. The shallow landslide treatment structure of the open-pit mine slope step of the utility model can reduce a large amount of earthwork transportation. It only needs to use excavation equipment to enter the collapse area. By cleaning the loose earthwork, trimming the slope, and building roads, the collapsed materials are reasonably piled up from top to bottom into the lower triangular roadbed, the first stone layer, the second stone layer, and the soil layer. Only the excess earthwork needs to be cleaned and transported out of the collapse area; the rapid disposal and cleaning of the landslide body earthwork can be achieved.
[0017] 2. The shallow landslide treatment structure of the open-pit mine slope step of the utility model has a ramp road surface that is inclined outward, and the water is gathered at the outer edge of the road, which reduces the risk of rainwater backflowing into the landslide body and inducing reactivation of the landslide body. After the ramp is built, it is necessary to build a drainage ditch along the outer edge of the ramp to further solve the drainage problem. The utility model also builds a safety retaining wall on the outer edge of the drainage ditch to intercept rolling stones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the open-pit mine slope steps in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a shallow landslide occurring on a step of an open-pit mine slope in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a shallow landslide treatment structure for an open-pit mine slope step in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a shallow landslide treatment structure for an open-pit mine slope step in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 A side view of a shallow landslide treatment structure for an open-pit mine slope step in an embodiment of the utility model, in which a drainage ditch and a safety retaining wall are arranged;
[0023] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a shallow landslide treatment structure for an open-pit mine slope step in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] In the figure: 1. Rear edge of the landslide mass; 2. Landslide mass; 3. Front edge of the landslide mass; 4. Top of the ramp; 5. Slope behind the landslide mass; 6. Ramp; 601. Lower triangular road base course; 602. First layer of block stones; 603. Second layer of block stones; 604. Earth material layer; 7. Large block stones; 8. Bottom of the ramp; 9. Safety retaining wall; 10. Drainage ditch. Detailed implementation manners
[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0026] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0027] In addition, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships.
[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined or described in one drawing, it will not be necessary to further specifically discuss and describe it in the subsequent description of the drawings.
[0029] Embodiment:
[0030] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the present invention provides a structure for treating shallow landslides on the slope steps of an open-pit mine, including: a slope 5 behind the landslide mass and a ramp 6; the slope 5 behind the landslide mass is trimmed into a slope surface without loose stones and umbrella rocks on the basis of the landslide collapse area, the top 4 of the ramp is connected to the rear of the landslide collapse area of the collapse platform, the inner side of the road surface of the ramp 6 is arranged relying on the slope behind the landslide mass, and the bottom 8 of the ramp is connected to the lower platform of the collapse platform, so that after inspectors and cleaning equipment enter the ramp through the lower platform, they can pass through the landslide collapse area of the landslide platform.
[0031] The disposal structure of the utility model solves the problem of passage on the collapsed platform. When a landslide occurs on the platform, the accident point generally has a sharp reduction in the width of the platform due to the collapse, making it difficult to have the function of safe passage. This disposal structure builds a ramp from the lower platform, detours and turns back to the platform after the break point, and uses the collapsed body to build a safe ramp, restoring the passage function of the cut-off platform. When designing, it is considered that the fixed slopes of open-pit mines are mainly inspected manually, and occasionally the passage function requirements for cleaning equipment to pass are considered. According to the safety code requirements and the safety passage requirements of equipment and personnel, the width and slope of the road are set.
[0032] The ramp 6 includes a lower triangular road base course 601, a first block stone layer 602, a second block stone layer 603, and an earth material layer 604 that are distributed in sequence from bottom to top. The lower triangular road base course 601, the first block stone layer 602, and the second block stone layer 603 are all piled up with collapsed materials, using local materials and reducing a large amount of earthwork hauling. Among them, the lower triangular road base course 601 is piled up into an arch shape with large collapsed materials, which can increase the anti-sliding force. The rock mass behind the collapsed body may still have a tendency to creep and collapse forward. Compared with a straight line type, the arch shape has better resistance and can increase the anti-sliding force and stability. Among them, the large collapsed materials for piling up the lower triangular road base course 601 can be selected as large rubble stones 7, which can have more voids for drainage, so as to play the role of draining and intercepting falling rocks.
[0033] Specifically, the particle sizes of the materials in the lower triangular road base course 601, the particle sizes of the materials in the first block stone layer 602, the particle sizes of the materials in the second block stone layer 603, and the particle sizes of the materials in the earth material layer 604 gradually decrease in sequence. Through this setting, the stability and water permeability of the ramp can be improved.
[0034] Specifically, the widths of the lower triangular road base course 601, the first block stone layer 602, the second block stone layer 603, and the earth material layer 604 gradually decrease in sequence. Through this setting, the stability of the ramp can be improved.
[0035] During operation, the excavating equipment is used to strip and clean the loose and dangerous materials on the upper part of the landslide body, and with the collapse point as the center, the large materials in the cleaned materials are reasonably arranged at the bottom layer of the slope foot according to the arch shape of the lower triangular road base course of the ramp. The materials are piled up from bottom to top according to the rule of from large to small, and finally a ramp with the lowest guarantee for safe passage is formed.
[0036] Compared with the conventional landslide body treatment method, this disposal structure can reduce a large amount of earthwork hauling; only the excavating equipment needs to enter the collapsed area, and by cleaning the loose earthwork, trimming the slope, building roads, etc., the earthwork is reasonably distributed to the required areas; only the excess earthwork needs to be cleaned and hauled out of the collapsed area.
[0037] The vertical distance from the inner side to the outer side of the ramp 6 to the lower platform gradually decreases, so that the road surface of the ramp 6 is inclined from the inside to the outside for easy drainage to the outside. When the ramp is constructed, the road slope is in a state of inclining outward, and the converging water converges towards the outer edge of the road, reducing the risk of rainwater backflow into the landslide body and triggering the activation of the landslide body again.
[0038] As Figure 6 shown, it further includes a drainage ditch 10, which is located at the outer edge of the road surface of the ramp 6 and is arranged from the top to the bottom of the slope of the ramp. By setting the drainage ditch 10, the drainage problem is further solved.
[0039] As Figure 6 shown, it further includes a safety retaining wall 9, which is arranged from the top to the bottom of the slope of the ramp 6 and is located outside the drainage ditch 10. The safety retaining wall 9 is built with soil materials and small pieces of collapsed bodies. The height of the safety retaining wall 9 is 0.5 - 0.8 m. The safety retaining wall 9 uses local materials, and its setting can intercept the rolling stones and prevent people or vehicles from falling from the slope edge.
[0040] During specific implementation:
[0041] To Figures 1 - 3Taking the bench of the open-pit mine slope shown in the figure as an example (in the figure, m means elevation. The benches of the open-pit mine slope are named according to their elevation. 1572m is the name of the corresponding bench. If the bench height difference is 14 meters, the name of the upper bench should be 1586m, and the name of the lower bench is 1558m. The bench height in this case is 24 meters, so 1500m, 1524m, 1548m, 1572m are the names of adjacent benches). When the open-pit mine slope is in a normal state, slope inspection personnel and cleaning equipment can directly enter point A where work is required from 1548m. However, when a shallow landslide occurs on the bench to the right of point A, the 1548m platform is cut off, and neither personnel nor equipment can reach point A anymore. At this time, using this shallow landslide disposal structure to treat the landslide area can restore the passing function of the platform. The specific implementation method is as follows: After the landslide mass is in a stable state, the excavation equipment enters the landslide mass 2 from 1524m and starts the preliminary safety disposal at the collapsed soil mass, including the cleaning of scattered fallen objects and the removal of dangerous rock masses; after the safety disposal is completed, the excavation equipment first removes the loose materials at the rear edge 1 of the landslide mass and the hanging boulders on the wall, and then starts from the rear edge 1 of the landslide mass and gradually clears the landslide mass layer by layer from top to bottom, and shapes the slope surface at the rear edge of the landslide mass to form a treated landslide mass rear edge slope 5 without floating stones and umbrella rocks; while shaping the slope surface layer by layer, a ramp 6 is also gradually built from the top 4 of the ramp road to the bottom 8 of the ramp road. The lower triangular road base 601 is arranged in an arched manner, and the subsequent first stone layer 602, second stone layer 603, and soil layer 604 are arranged and sorted in sequence to form the ramp 6. The large boulders 7 are placed on the lower triangular road base of the ramp. This part of the boulders plays the role of draining and intercepting falling rocks. The width and slope of the ramp 6 should be set according to the use purpose and safety technical specifications, but overall, the ramp is required to be horizontally inclined outward. This kind of setting is convenient for road surface drainage, and a safety retaining wall 9 and a drainage ditch 10 are required to be built on the outside; finally, the remaining materials are cleared and transported away from this area. The finally formed ramp not only realizes the safety disposal of "slope cutting and load reduction" and "overlying the bottom of the slope" for the collapsed area, but also restores the transportation capacity of the platform. At this time, slope inspection personnel and cleaning equipment can reach the bottom 8 of the ramp from 1524m, climb up the ramp 6 to the top 4 of the ramp road, reach 1548m, and enter point A.
[0042] This in-situ treatment structure for shallow landslides on the slope steps of the open-pit mine absorbs the conventional idea of "slope cutting and toe weighting", and innovatively proposes a method of treating the collapsed materials in-situ and building a ramp. After being used in the large open-pit iron mine of Baotou Steel, good results have been obtained. The benefit calculation is based on the cost of 1.22 yuan per ton for the earthwork hauling volume of the slope in a certain iron mine of Baotou Steel in 2021. The earthwork volume of a shallow landslide treated by this treatment structure is about 30,000 tons. Using this method, 96% of the earthwork volume is consumed in-situ, so the cost saved for earthwork hauling is: 30000*0.96*1.22 = 35136 yuan. According to the fact that about 3 such landslides may occur in a year, it is estimated that the cost saved for earthwork hauling can be 105,000 yuan in a year. And this treatment structure can restore the platform passing function, and the invisible benefits it generates are more significant.
[0043] Therefore, this treatment structure has important significance and application prospects in quickly treating slope disasters, reducing the treatment cost of slope disasters, and restoring the platform passing function of slopes.
[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A treatment structure for shallow landslides on the benches of an open-pit mine slope, characterized in that, Including: The slope at the rear edge of the landslide mass and the ramp; on the basis of the landslide collapse area, the slope at the rear edge of the landslide mass is trimmed into a slope surface without loose rocks and umbrella rocks according to the original slope surface of the collapse platform. The top of the ramp is connected to the rear of the landslide collapse area of the collapse platform. The inner side of the ramp surface relies on the slope at the rear edge of the landslide mass. The bottom of the ramp is connected to the lower platform of the collapse platform, so that after the inspection personnel and cleaning equipment enter the ramp through the lower platform, they can pass through the landslide collapse area of the landslide platform; The ramp includes a lower triangular road base course, a first block stone layer, a second block stone layer and an earth material layer, which are distributed in sequence from bottom to top. The lower triangular road base course, the first block stone layer and the second block stone layer are all built with collapsed materials. Among them, the lower triangular road base course is built into an arch with large collapsed materials to play a role in draining water and intercepting falling rocks.
2. The open-pit mine slope bench shallow landslide treatment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance from the inner side to the outer side of the ramp surface to the lower platform gradually decreases, so that the ramp surface of the ramp is inclined from the inside to the outside to facilitate drainage outward.
3. The open-pit mine slope bench shallow landslide treatment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a drainage ditch, which is located at the outer edge of the ramp surface and is arranged from the top to the bottom of the ramp.
4. The open-pit mine slope bench shallow landslide disposal structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a safety retaining wall, which is arranged from the top to the bottom of the ramp and is located outside the drainage ditch.
5. The open-pit mine slope bench shallow landslide treatment structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The safety retaining wall is built with earth materials and small collapsed bodies.
6. The shallow landslide disposal structure for the bench of the open-pit mine slope according to claim 5, wherein: The height of the safety retaining wall is 0.5 - 0.8 m.
7. The shallow landslide disposal structure for the bench of the open-pit mine slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the materials in the lower triangular road base course, the first block stone layer, the second block stone layer and the earth material layer gradually decrease in sequence.
8. The open-pit mine slope bench shallow landslide treatment structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The widths of the lower triangular road base course, the first block stone layer, the second block stone layer and the earth material layer gradually decrease in sequence.