Indoor experiment measuring device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone permeation

Abstract

The utility model provides an indoor experimental determination device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone permeation, belongs to the field of water-rich fault fracture zone permeation determination, and is used for solving the problem that a permeation experimental device in the prior art cannot observe various states of a sample soil body eroded by different water levels. Comprising a test box main body, a water level simulation mechanism, a permeability coefficient determination mechanism and a wastewater treatment mechanism, the observation window is formed in the side wall of the experiment box main body of the measuring device, so that the form change of a sample in the accommodating cavity in the experiment process is conveniently observed; a water level simulation mechanism is additionally arranged, a water tank fixedly connected to the output end of a water tank lifting assembly is communicated with the upper end of the experiment box body, the water level in the experiment box body is adjusted, and the water level in the experiment box body is measured by observing and recording all states of a sample soil body eroded by different water levels and the measured pressure under the fluctuating water level. And the measurement of the tunnel water pressure under the fluctuating water level is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of water-rich fault fracture zone permeability measurement, in particular to an indoor experimental measurement device for water-rich fault fracture zone permeability in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In the water-rich fault, the water permeability is generally good. This geological condition significantly enhances the permeability of the soil, and groundwater easily flows inside and around the fault. Under this effect, the soil is prone to seepage deformation, such as pipe bursts and soil flow. Therefore, it is very important to conduct detailed geological surveys before the construction of shield tunnels that need to be built in water-rich faults to find out the location, scale, nature and impact of water-rich faults on the project. The permeability of the soil is a key and complex factor that directly affects the stability and safety of the tunnel. The determination of the permeability of the soil is related to the long-term operation of the tunnel. For the permeability detection of this type of soil, the existing indoor measurement device cannot observe the various forms of the sample during the hydraulic erosion process during the experiment, which affects the study of the change trend of the soil after hydraulic erosion and the analysis of the principle of soil erosion. In addition, the value of the water pressure in the current measurement device only focuses on the water pressure distribution under stable seepage conditions, and cannot measure the tunnel water pressure under fluctuating water levels. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an indoor experimental measurement device for the penetration of water-rich fault fracture zones in tunnels, which is used to solve the problem that the penetration experimental device in the prior art cannot observe the various states of the sample soil being eroded by different water levels. The present application opens an observation window on the side wall of the experimental box body of the measurement device, and installs a water level simulation mechanism. By connecting the water tank fixedly connected to the output end of the water tank lifting assembly with the upper end of the experimental box body, the water level inside the experimental box body can be adjusted, which is convenient for observing and recording the various states of the sample soil being eroded by different water levels, and completing the measurement of the tunnel water pressure under the fluctuating water level.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the utility model provides an indoor experimental measurement device for the permeability of a water-rich fault fracture zone in a tunnel, comprising a test box body, a water level simulation mechanism, a permeability coefficient measurement mechanism and a wastewater treatment mechanism;

[0005] The main body of the experimental box is provided with a containing cavity, and the side wall is provided with an observation window, so as to facilitate the observation of the morphological changes of the sample in the containing cavity during the experiment;

[0006] The water level simulation mechanism includes a water tank, a water tank lifting assembly, and a water pump; the water tank is fixedly connected to the output end of the water tank lifting assembly and communicates with the upper end of the experimental tank body; the water pump communicates with the water inlet opened on the experimental tank body.

[0007] The permeability coefficient measuring mechanism includes a piezometer and a piezometric conduit; one end of the piezometric conduit penetrates through the side wall of the experimental tank body and extends into the interior of the experimental tank body, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piezometer.

[0008] The wastewater treatment mechanism includes a water pump and a filter tank; one end of the water pump communicates with the water outlet opened on the experimental tank body, and the other end communicates with the filter tank.

[0009] Optionally, a gravel layer, a porous filter plate layer, and a soil specimen layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top in the accommodation cavity of the experimental tank body.

[0010] Optionally, the water tank lifting assembly includes a base, a driving motor, a support fork arm, and a lifting platform; one end of the bottom of the support fork arm is hinged and fixed to the base, and the other end is slidably connected to the base through a slide rail; the driving motor is fixedly connected to the base, and the output end is connected to the sliding end of the support fork arm; the lifting platform is installed at the top of the support fork arm.

[0011] Optionally, there are two groups of the support fork arms, and a support piece is hinged between them; the driving motor is a telescopic motor, and the output end is fixedly connected to the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm.

[0012] Optionally, there are two groups of the support fork arms, and a support piece is hinged between them; the driving motor is a servo motor, and the output end is fixedly connected to a coaxial screw; the screw is threadedly connected to the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the water pump communicates with the water inlet of the experimental tank body, and the other end is connected to a pressurized water tank, and a water inlet valve is provided on the pressurized water tank.

[0014] Optionally, there are multiple piezometric conduits, which correspond to multiple piezometers one by one.

[0015] Optionally, the piezometric conduit is a detachable conduit.

[0016] Optionally, the wastewater treatment mechanism further includes a constant pressure water tank, the constant pressure water tank communicates with the filter tank, and a drain pipe is connected.

[0017] Optionally, a water level gauge is fixedly connected to the side wall of the constant pressure water tank.

[0018] As described above, the indoor experimental measurement device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone penetration of the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The utility model realizes the adjustment of the water level inside the main body of the experimental box by opening an observation window on the side wall of the main body of the experimental box of the measuring device and installing a water level simulation mechanism, and connecting the water tank fixedly connected to the output end of the water tank lifting assembly to the upper end of the main body of the experimental box, so as to facilitate observing and recording the various states of the soil sample being eroded by different water levels and complete the measurement of the tunnel water pressure under the fluctuating water level.

[0020] The utility model designs the permeability coefficient measuring mechanism to cooperate with multiple piezometric conduits and piezometers. The multiple piezometric conduits and the multiple piezometers are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, which is convenient for simultaneously measuring multiple groups of synchronous data to reduce errors. At the same time, the piezometric conduits are designed as detachable conduits, which is convenient for replacing the measuring ends with different apertures to complete the measurement of the permeability coefficient of the sample.

[0021] The utility model completes the collection and reuse of waste water by installing a waste water treatment mechanism and installing a constant pressure water tank. The installation of the water level gauge facilitates understanding the volume of the waste liquid in the constant pressure water tank. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the water pump and the pressurized water tank of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the water tank and the water tank lifting assembly of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 is the structure schematic diagram of the permeability coefficient measuring mechanism of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 is the structure schematic diagram of the waste water treatment mechanism of the utility model.

[0028] Description of Element Numbers

[0029] 1. Main body of the experimental box; 101. Observation window; 102. Gravel layer; 103. Porous filter plate layer; 104. Soil sample layer; 2. Water tank; 3. Water tank lifting assembly; 301. Base; 302. Driving motor; 303. Support fork arm; 304. Lifting platform; 4. Water pump; 401. Pressurized water tank; 5. Piezometer; 6. Piezometric conduit; 7. Water pump; 8. Filter box; 9. Constant pressure water tank; 901. Drain pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 . It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present utility model. Therefore, they do not have technical essence. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present utility model can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present utility model can be implemented.

[0032] The following various embodiments are only for illustration. Combinations can be made between the various embodiments, and it is not limited to the content shown in the following single embodiments.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the present utility model provides an indoor experimental measurement device for seepage in a water-rich fault fracture zone of a tunnel, including an experimental box main body 1, a water level simulation mechanism, a permeability coefficient measurement mechanism, and a wastewater treatment mechanism; a receiving cavity is provided in the experimental box main body 1, including a box body and a box cover, and an observation window 101 is provided on the side wall of the box body, which is convenient for observing the morphological changes of the specimen in the receiving cavity during the experiment; the water level simulation mechanism includes a water tank 2, a water tank lifting assembly 3, and a water delivery pump 4; the water tank 2 is fixedly connected to the output end of the water tank lifting assembly 3 and is communicated with the upper end of the experimental box main body 1; one end of the water delivery pump 4 is communicated with the water inlet of the experimental box main body 1, and the other end is connected to a pressurized water tank 401, and a water inlet valve is provided on the pressurized water tank; the permeability coefficient measurement mechanism includes a piezometer 5 and a piezometric conduit 6; one end of the piezometric conduit 6 penetrates through the side wall of the experimental box main body 1 and extends into the interior of the experimental box main body 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piezometer 5; the wastewater treatment mechanism includes a water extraction pump 7 and a filter box 8; one end of the water extraction pump 7 is communicated with the water outlet provided on the experimental box main body 1, and the other end is communicated with the filter box 8. When the present utility model is in use, the water delivery pump 4 is turned on to pump a stable flow of water into the experimental box main body 1 through the water delivery pump 4. The water in the experimental box main body 1 is pumped out by the water extraction pump 7 after passing through the permeation effect through the porous filter plate layer 103 and the gravel layer 102 and flows back into the filter box 8. During the experiment, the experiment can be paused by pausing the water delivery pump 4 and the water extraction pump 7. Through the observation window 101, the morphological changes of the specimen at this time are observed and recorded, and then the water delivery pump 4 and the water extraction pump 7 are turned on to continue the experiment. By circulating in turn, the purpose of observing the morphological changes of the specimen during the experiment can be achieved. The observation window 101 provided on the side wall of the experimental box main body 1 is convenient for observing the morphological changes of the specimen in real time. While a water delivery pump 4 is installed at the water inlet of the experimental box main body 1, a liftable water tank 2 is also installed. By adjusting the height of the water tank 2, the water level and pressure inside the experimental box main body 1 are adjusted to complete the measurement of the tunnel water pressure under the fluctuating water level.

[0034] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , in the receiving cavity of the experimental box main body 1, a gravel layer 102, a porous filter plate layer 103, and a soil specimen layer 104 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The present utility model simulates the environment of a shield tunnel located in a water-rich fault fracture zone by arranging the gravel layer 102, the porous filter plate layer 103, and the soil specimen layer 104 in sequence from bottom to top in the receiving cavity of the experimental box main body 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4, the water tank lifting assembly 3 includes a base 301, a driving motor 302, a support fork arm 303 and a lifting platform 304; the support fork arm 303 is formed by hinging the middle parts of two support rods, one end of the bottom of the support fork arm 303 is hinged and fixed on the base 301, and the other end is slidably connected to the base 301 through a slide rail; the driving motor 302 is fixedly connected to the base 301, and the output end is connected to the sliding end of the support fork arm 303; the lifting platform 304 is installed at the top of the support fork arm 303, and there are two groups of support fork arms 303, and a support piece is hinged between them; the driving motor 302 can be a telescopic motor. When it is a telescopic motor, the output end of the telescopic motor is fixedly connected to the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm 303; the driving motor 302 can also be a servo motor. When it is a servo motor, a coaxial screw rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor; the screw rod is threadedly connected to the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm 303. In the present invention, the driving motor 302 is designed as a telescopic motor and the output end of the telescopic motor is connected to the sliding end of the support fork arm 303. By the output retraction of the telescopic motor, the sliding end of the support fork arm 303 is driven to move away from or close to the hinged end, thereby realizing the rise and fall of the lifting platform 304 located at the top of the support fork arm 303. Correspondingly, the driving motor 302 is designed as a servo motor, and the coaxial screw rod fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor cooperates with the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm 303. By the forward or reverse rotation of the screw rod, the sliding end of the support fork arm 303 is driven to move away from or close to the hinged end, thereby realizing the rise and fall of the lifting platform 304 located at the top of the support fork arm 303. The water tank 2 fixedly connected to the top of the lifting platform 304 adjusts the water level and pressure inside the experimental box body 1 following the rise and fall of the lifting platform 304.

[0036] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , there are multiple pressure measuring conduits 6, which correspond to multiple pressure gauges 5 one by one. The pressure measuring conduits 6 are detachable conduits. In the present invention, the permeability coefficient measuring mechanism is designed as a combination of multiple pressure measuring conduits 6 and pressure gauges 5. The multiple pressure measuring conduits 6 and the multiple pressure gauges 5 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, which is convenient for simultaneously measuring multiple groups of synchronous data to reduce errors; at the same time, the pressure measuring conduits 6 are designed as detachable conduits, which is convenient for replacing the pressure measuring conduits 6 with different pore diameters to complete the measurement of the permeability coefficient of the specimen.

[0037] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5, the wastewater treatment mechanism further includes a constant-pressure water tank 9, the constant-pressure water tank 9 is communicated with the filtration tank 8 and is connected with a drain pipe 901. During the experiment, if it is necessary to observe the long-term penetration morphology change of the specimen, the water outlet end of the drain pipe 901 can be communicated with the upper end of the experimental box body. Shut down the water pump 4, and maintain the water level in a constant or uniformly changing state through the wastewater treatment system. A water level gauge is fixedly connected to the side wall of the constant-pressure water tank 9. The present invention completes the collection and reuse of wastewater by adding a wastewater treatment mechanism and adding a constant-pressure water tank 9. The addition of the water level gauge facilitates understanding the volume of the waste liquid in the constant-pressure water tank 9.

[0038] In summary, the present invention overcomes various disadvantages in the prior art.

[0039] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor experimental determination device for seepage in a water-rich fault fracture zone of a tunnel, characterized in that: It includes an experimental box body, a water level simulation mechanism, a permeability coefficient measurement mechanism and a wastewater treatment mechanism; An accommodation cavity is provided in the experimental box body, and an observation window is provided on the side wall to facilitate observing the morphological changes of the sample in the accommodation cavity during the experiment; The water level simulation mechanism includes a water tank, a water tank lifting assembly and a water pump; the water tank is fixedly connected to the output end of the water tank lifting assembly and is communicated with the upper end of the experimental box body; the water pump is communicated with the water inlet provided on the experimental box body; The permeability coefficient measurement mechanism includes a piezometer and a piezometric conduit; one end of the piezometric conduit penetrates the side wall of the experimental box body and extends into the interior of the experimental box body, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piezometer; The wastewater treatment mechanism includes a water pump and a filter box; one end of the water pump is communicated with the water outlet provided on the experimental box body, and the other end is communicated with the filter box.

2. The indoor experimental determination device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the accommodation cavity of the experimental box body, a gravel layer, a porous filter plate layer and a soil sample layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

3. The indoor experimental measurement device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone seepage according to claim 1, wherein: The water tank lifting assembly includes a base, a driving motor, a support fork arm and a lifting platform; one end of the bottom of the support fork arm is hinged and fixed to the base, and the other end is slidably connected to the base through a slide rail; the driving motor is fixedly connected to the base, and the output end is connected to the sliding end of the support fork arm; the lifting platform is installed at the top of the support fork arm.

4. The indoor experimental determination device for seepage in the water-rich fault fracture zone of the tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two groups of the support fork arms, and a support piece is hinged between them; the driving motor is a telescopic motor, and the output end is fixedly connected to the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm.

5. The indoor experimental determination device for seepage in the water-rich fault fracture zone of a tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two groups of the support fork arms, and a support piece is hinged between them; the driving motor is a servo motor, and the output end is fixedly connected to a coaxial screw; the screw is threadedly connected to the support piece at the sliding end of the support fork arm.

6. The indoor experimental determination device for water-rich fault fracture zone penetration in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the water pump is communicated with the water inlet of the experimental box body, and the other end is connected to a pressurized water tank, and a water inlet valve is provided on the pressurized water tank.

7. The indoor experimental determination device for seepage in the water-rich fault fracture zone of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: There are multiple piezometric conduits, and they correspond to multiple piezometers one by one.

8. The indoor experimental measurement device for water-rich fault fracture zones in tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piezometric conduit is a detachable conduit.

9. The indoor experimental measurement device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wastewater treatment mechanism further includes a constant pressure water tank, the constant pressure water tank is communicated with the filter box and is connected with a drain pipe.

10. The indoor experimental measurement device for tunnel water-rich fault fracture zone seepage according to claim 9, characterized in that: A water level gauge is fixedly connected to the side wall of the constant pressure water tank.

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