Intelligent ridge-free planting seeder for crops
Through the design of the intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeds, the problems of difficult sowing depth control and uneven seedling emergence of traditional wheat seeds are solved, and the uniform distribution and mechanization of wheat seeds are achieved, and the wheat yield and operation efficiency are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422431403.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional wheat seeders have problems such as difficult sowing depth control, concentrated seeds, uneven seed emergence, and difficulty in mechanized operation, resulting in unsolid wheat growth and affecting the increase in yield.
An intelligent crop ridge-free planting seed machine was designed, using a flat-shuo blade-type soil lifter, a dragon-twist flatter, a dirt wheel and an intelligent electronic control system to achieve equal-depth, ridge-free, uniform precision sowing, and precise control combined with Beidou navigation and sensors.
It has achieved uniform distribution of wheat seeds, consistent sowing depth, and full coverage of mechanized operations, which has improved seedling yield and yield, reduced power consumption and improved operating efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223110473U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to an intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder. Background Art
[0002] A seeder is a planting machine that takes crop seeds as the sowing object and is used for sowing certain types or certain crops. With the continuous development of agricultural production technology, the requirements for sowing machines are gradually increasing. Especially according to the needs of agronomy for suitable crop growth and increasing unit yield, the requirements are also gradually increasing. Precise sowing is required to ensure the sowing quality. The main sowing methods of the sowing machines produced at home and abroad are currently strip sowing, with the row spacing between 12 and 30 cm. The strip sowing row spacing is not unified in different planting areas, and the wheat strip sowing row spacing is determined according to local planting habits. The sowing method is to plow and prepare the land before sowing, carry out furrow sowing, with the furrow depth of 3 - 5 cm, and then place the wheat seeds in the furrow and cover the soil and compact it. The main problem of the traditional wheat strip sowing method is that the sowing depth is not easy to control. Especially, the wheat seeds are concentrated in a narrow strip, resulting in no plant spacing, fierce individual competition, and weak roots, which affect the growth of wheat. The seeds fall on the bottom or the bed of the furrow, resulting in inconsistent seed depths. The traditional strip sowing method cannot make the seeds grow dispersedly and cannot sow at the same depth. In special plots, when encountering obstacles such as straw and weeds, the seeds will be exposed on the surface, easily resulting in missing plants and uneven emergence. It is very difficult to achieve a full stand of seedlings in one sowing with the traditional strip sowing method, thus unable to ensure the robust growth of wheat seedlings and restricting the improvement of wheat unit yield.
[0003] In addition, when the wheat grows to the jointing stage after sowing with the traditional strip seeder, the field management machinery cannot enter the field for operation. When the traditional strip seeder is in mechanical transmission and manual operation to adjust the seed metering during field operation, the driving wheel slips easily and misses sowing. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the utility model provides an intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder. The technical solution is as follows:
[0005] The utility model provides an intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder, which includes a frame. An upper bracket and a lower bracket are arranged at the front end of the frame for connecting with a traction device. A seed material box is arranged above the frame, and the seed material box is connected with a uniform seeder below;
[0006] A subsoiler is arranged at a position corresponding to the wheels of the traction device below the front end of the frame, and the number of the subsoilers is adapted to the number of the wheels of the traction device;
[0007] An auger-type land leveler is arranged behind the loosening blade. The auger-type land leveler is a segmented, oppositely rotating auger-type land leveler. A driving mechanism is arranged on the upper frame of the auger-type land leveler. The auger-type land leveler is electrically connected to the driving mechanism, and the auger-type land leveler rotates counterclockwise.
[0008] A pre-sowing pressing roller is arranged behind the auger-type land leveler, and a soil-moving wheel is arranged behind the pre-sowing pressing roller. The soil-moving wheel is electrically connected to the driving mechanism, and the soil-moving wheel rotates counterclockwise;
[0009] A soil lifter is provided at the front lower part of the soil lifter. The soil lifter is a flat shovel blade, with the blade facing forward and a certain angle α formed between the shovel surface and the ground, so that the soil lifted can reach the top. The soil lifter is located above the top of the soil lifter and throws the soil lifted by the soil lifter backward. The angle α can be adjusted according to the type of sowing required.
[0010] The soil lifter is located in front of the seeding device, and is preferably located so that the soil thrown by the soil lifter wheel can bury the seeds sown by the seeding device.
[0011] Furthermore, the soil lifter and the seed drill are a detachable integrated structure.
[0012] Furthermore, the earth lifter and the seed drill are in a herringbone structure, and the top is hingedly connected to the seed drill to facilitate fine adjustment of the earth lifter angle α. A mechanism for adjusting the earth lifter angle α is provided in the middle of the herringbone structure.
[0013] Furthermore, the angle between the earth lifter and the ground is 20°≤α≤25°.
[0014] Furthermore, a soil retaining plate is provided at the rear of the seeding device, the width of which is equivalent to the width of the soil wheel, and the soil retaining plate is hinged to the frame.
[0015] Furthermore, a post-sowing pressing roller is provided behind the soil retaining plate, the width of which is equivalent to the width of the soil removing wheel, and the post-sowing pressing roller is hinged to the frame.
[0016] Furthermore, a gap filling plate is provided behind the post-sowing pressing roller, and the width of the gap filling plate is equivalent to the width of the post-sowing pressing roller.
[0017] Furthermore, the seed box is electrically connected to the seeding motor.
[0018] Furthermore, an intelligent electronic controller is installed on the frame, and the seeding motor is electrically connected to the intelligent electronic controller to control the precise seeding speed of sowing, thereby achieving an intelligent control seeding system.
[0019] Furthermore, the intelligent electronic controller is a Beidou navigation and sensor combination.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] 1. The intelligent ridge-free uniform seeding machine for wheat can shovel out a plane through a flat-shovel blade earth lifter, realizing the dispersed and uniform seeding of wheat seeds, making the seed distribution more uniform, ensuring the same seeding depth of seeds, covering the seeds with soil thrown backward by a soil spreading wheel, with consistent soil covering, achieving balanced nutrition for each wheat plant, making full use of light energy and space, enabling each plant to grow robustly, and increasing the yield and income of wheat.
[0022] 2. According to the wheelbase of the field management machinery in local planting habits, by adjusting the width and spacing of the flat-shovel blade earth lifter, the ridge-free uniform seeding can be adjusted arbitrarily, reserving a walking route for the field management machinery. The whole process of plowing, seeding, managing, and harvesting of wheat has been mechanized, filling the gap of "management" in the whole process of wheat production mechanization.
[0023] 3. The seeding control is changed to double-control seeding with Beidou navigation + sensors, realizing precise seeding, and overcoming the shortcomings of easy slipping of the driving wheel and easy omission of seeding during the field operation of the traditional drill seeder with mechanical transmission and manual operation for adjusting seeding.
[0024] The utility model is applicable to the precise seeding operation after the arable land is plowed separately by a tillage machine. It is a compound seeder that can complete multiple processes such as ridging loosening, land leveling, pre-seeding rolling, earth lifting, seeding, soil covering, post-seeding rolling, and seam filling at one time. Through the plane earth lifting of the earth lifter, the equal-depth, ridge-free, and uniform precise seeding of crops is realized. Through the rolling of the pre-seeding rolling roller, the soil is firm at the bottom and loose at the top after seeding, which is beneficial to the germination and emergence of seeds, achieving uniform and strong seedlings, and being beneficial to the high yield of crops.
[0025] This technology is an integrated innovation of multiple technologies, subverting the traditional seeding operation principle, which can effectively reduce power consumption and the matching of machines and tools, effectively improve the seeding quality, and greatly improve the operation efficiency. Description of the Drawings
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder provided in the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of a screw-type land leveler and a subsoiler.
[0029] Reference Numerals: 1, frame; 2, seed hopper; 3, uniform seeder; 4, subsoiler; 5, auger leveler; 6, drive mechanism; 7, pre-sowing press roller; 8, soil pushing wheel; 9, soil lifter; 10, soil retaining plate; 11, post-sowing press roller; 12, caulking plate; 13, metering motor. Detailed Embodiment
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to the Figure 1 and Figure 2 drawings.
[0031] The present invention provides an intelligent ridge-free crop planter and its working method, including a frame 1. An upper bracket and a lower bracket are provided at the front end of the frame 1 for connecting with a traction device. A seed hopper 2 is arranged above the frame 1. The seed hopper 2 is connected to the uniform seeder 3 below. The seed outlet of the uniform seeder 3 is above the ground, and the height from the ground is 0.5 cm.
[0032] A subsoiler 4 is provided at a position corresponding to the wheels of the traction device below the front end of the frame 1. The number of the subsoilers 4 is adapted to the number of the wheels of the traction device.
[0033] An auger leveler 5 is provided behind the subsoiler 4. The auger leveler 5 is a segmented auger leveler that rotates in opposite directions. A drive mechanism 6 is provided on the frame above the auger leveler 5. The auger leveler 5 is electrically driven and connected to the drive mechanism 6. The auger leveler 5 rotates counterclockwise.
[0034] A pre-sowing press roller 7 is provided behind the auger leveler 5. A soil pushing wheel 8 is provided behind the pre-sowing press roller 7. The soil pushing wheel 8 is electrically driven and connected to the drive mechanism 6. The soil pushing wheel 8 rotates counterclockwise.
[0035] A soil lifter 9 is provided in front of and below the soil pushing wheel 8. The soil lifter 9 is located in front of the uniform seeder 3. The soil lifter 9 is a flat shovel blade with the blade facing forward. The shovel surface forms a certain angle α with the ground, preferably 20° to 25°. The size of the angle α can be adjusted according to the variety requirements of the sown seeds. After the soil shoveled out reaches the top along the shovel surface, the soil pushing wheel 8 throws the soil backward to bury the seeds sown by the uniform seeder 3.
[0036] The soil lifter 9 and the uniform seeder 3 can be of a split structure, or can be designed as a detachable integrated structure in a herringbone shape or other shapes. Its top is hinged to the uniform seeder 3 to facilitate fine adjustment of the size of the angle α of the soil lifter 3. An adjustable mechanism for the angle α is provided in the middle of the herringbone structure. The adjustable mechanism can be designed as a set screw or other structures.
[0037] A retaining plate 10 is also provided behind the uniform seeder 3, with its width being equivalent to that of the soil throwing wheel, and the retaining plate is hinged to the frame.
[0038] A post - sowing rolling press is provided behind the retaining plate, with its width being equivalent to that of the soil throwing wheel 8. The post - sowing rolling press 11 is hinged to the frame 1, and the rolling press 11 is provided with a shock - absorbing device for enhancing the stability of the rolling press 11.
[0039] A seam - filling plate 12 is also provided behind the post - sowing rolling press 11, with its width being equivalent to that of the post - sowing rolling press 11.
[0040] The seed hopper 2 is electrically connected to the seed - metering motor 13.
[0041] An intelligent electronic controller is also installed on the frame 1. The seed - metering motor 13 is electrically connected to the intelligent electronic controller to control the accurate seed - discharging speed during sowing, achieving intelligent control of the seed - metering system.
[0042] The intelligent electronic controller is a combination of Beidou navigation and sensors.
[0043] Working principle:
[0044] The subsoiler loosens the hard soil in the wheel ruts, the auger - type land leveler fills the wheel ruts, the pre - sowing rolling press compacts the soft soil. According to the depth of soil covering required for crop seeds, the soil lifter shovels up the soil and shovels out a flat seedbed. On the seedbed, the seed uniform spreader evenly scatters the seeds without ridges. The shoveled soil is evenly scattered on a horizontal plane by the soil throwing wheel for covering the seeds. The retaining plate blocks the soil thrown by the soil throwing wheel in front of the post - sowing rolling press. After being compacted by it, the seam - filling plate scrapes flat the cracks formed by the compaction, completing the whole sowing process.
[0045] The ridge - less uniform sowing technology is based on the characteristics of crop growth, giving full play to the growth advantages such as the uniform and strong growth of individual crops and sufficient population. Through the improvement of seeder equipment and the technological innovation and integration of mechanisms, the goal of high - yield and high - efficiency of crops is achieved. Deep ridge - less sowing of wheat can make the distribution of individual plants uniform, enabling the plants to grow robustly, making full use of the natural light energy and space of the existing land to create conditions for balanced individual nutrition. During the seedling stage, the individual nutrition competition is small, the individual plants develop robustly, which is conducive to the formation of dominant tillers and ear formation, and gives full play to the potential of the dominant tillers to form ear yield.
[0046] Advantages of deep ridge - less planting of wheat compared with traditional row sowing:
[0047] 〈1〉For deep ridge - less sowing, the seedlings are neat and strong before winter, with more tillers and strong cold resistance;
[0048] 〈2〉After turning green in spring, it quickly covers the ground surface, reducing the bare land area, reducing the ineffective evaporation of soil moisture, and improving the utilization rate of soil moisture;
[0049] 〈3〉Suppress weed growth after turning green and covering the ground surface;
[0050] 〈4〉Increase the tillering and ear formation rate at the Spring Equinox;
[0051] 〈5〉The ear layer is neat;
[0052] 〈6〉The individual plant has a large nutrient space, developed roots, and is highly resistant to lodging;
[0053] 〈7〉Grow dispersedly, have good ventilation and light transmission, enhance the functions of the upper leaves, and greatly improve the ability to resist dry hot winds;
[0054] 〈8〉Increase the number of grains per ear and the 1000-grain weight.
[0055] The integration of new technologies realizes the equal-depth ridge-free uniform sowing of wheat with light simplification, changes the traditional planting method, and greatly increases the yield per unit area.
[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. An intelligent crop ridgeless planting seeder, comprising a frame, an upper bracket and a lower bracket are arranged at the front end of the frame for connecting with a traction device, a seed box is arranged above the frame, and the seed box is connected to a uniform seeding device below; It is characterized in that A loosening shovel is provided at a position corresponding to the wheels of the traction equipment below the front end of the frame, and the number of the loosening shovels matches the number of the wheels of the traction equipment; An auger-type land leveler is arranged behind the loosening blade. The auger-type land leveler is a segmented, oppositely rotating auger-type land leveler. A driving mechanism is arranged on the upper frame of the auger-type land leveler. The auger-type land leveler is electrically connected to the driving mechanism, and the auger-type land leveler rotates counterclockwise. A pre-sowing pressing roller is arranged behind the auger-type land leveler, and a soil-moving wheel is arranged behind the pre-sowing pressing roller. The soil-moving wheel is electrically connected to the driving mechanism, and the soil-moving wheel rotates counterclockwise; A soil lifter is provided at the front lower part of the soil lifter. The soil lifter is a flat shovel blade, with the blade facing forward and a certain angle α formed between the shovel surface and the ground, so that the soil lifted can reach the top. The soil lifter is located above the top of the soil lifter and throws the soil lifted by the soil lifter backward. The angle α can be adjusted according to the type of sowing required. The soil lifter is located in front of the seeding device, and is preferably located so that the soil thrown by the soil lifter wheel can bury the seeds sown by the seeding device.
2. The intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil lifter and the seed drill are a detachable integrated structure.
3. The intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil lifter and the seed drill are in a herringbone structure, and the top is hingedly connected to the seed drill to facilitate fine adjustment of the soil lifter angle α. A mechanism for adjusting the soil lifter angle α is provided in the middle of the herringbone structure.
4. The intelligent ridge-free crop planter according to claim 3, wherein, The included angle between the earth lifter and the ground is 20°≤α≤25°.
5. The intelligent ridge-free crop planter according to claim 4, wherein, A soil retaining plate is also arranged at the rear of the seeding device, the width of which is equivalent to the width of the soil wheel, and the soil retaining plate is hinged to the frame.
6. The intelligent ridge-free crop planter according to claim 5, characterized in that, A post-sowing pressing roller is arranged behind the soil retaining plate, the width of which is equivalent to the width of the soil-moving wheel, and the post-sowing pressing roller is hinged to the frame.
7. The intelligent ridge - less crop planter according to claim 6, characterized in that, A gap filling plate is also arranged behind the post-sowing pressing roller, and the width of the gap filling plate is equivalent to the width of the post-sowing pressing roller.
8. The intelligent crop ridge-free planting seeder according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The seed box is electrically connected to the seeding motor.
9. The intelligent crop ridge-less planting seeder according to claim 8, wherein, An intelligent electronic controller is also installed on the frame, and the seeding motor is electrically connected to the intelligent electronic controller to control the precise seeding speed of sowing, thereby achieving an intelligent control seeding system.
10. The intelligent crop ridge-less planting seeder according to claim 9, characterized in that, The intelligent electronic controller is a combination of Beidou navigation and sensors.