Negative-pressure transverse ventilation system for underground horizontal warehouse granary

Abstract

The utility model discloses a negative-pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground horizontal warehouse granary. The negative-pressure transverse ventilation system comprises a vertical air supply pipe, a vertical air return pipe, a horizontal main air supply pipe, a horizontal main air return pipe, a fan box and a controller, and a grain storage part is arranged between the vertical air supply pipe and the vertical air return pipe. According to the system, cold air flowing out of the vertical air supply pipe penetrates through gaps among grains to reach the vertical air return pipe, so that a ground ventilation ground cage is replaced. According to the system, mechanical grain storage of the granary is facilitated, the labor workload and the refrigeration workload are reduced, the ventilation energy consumption is reduced, uniform cooling of grains is ensured, and the temperature of the core of a grain pile is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of architecture, and particularly relates to a negative-pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary. Background Technique

[0002] The construction of granaries is an important part of food security. Limited by funds and technology, most of the existing granaries are bulk grain bungalow granaries, and the storage environment conditions are not ideal, especially manifested in the relatively high temperature in the granary in summer, which continuously maintains a high temperature of 35-40 °C.

[0003] As an alternative to bulk grain bungalow granaries, underground bungalow granaries can achieve quasi-low-temperature grain storage, reduce grain storage energy consumption, and maintain grain storage quality. However, there is a problem of "hot core and cold skin" in underground bungalow granaries. In order to solve the problem of "hot core and cold skin" existing in underground bungalow granaries, ventilation means can be adopted for the underground bungalow granaries to avoid high-temperature mildew of the stored grain in the underground bungalow granaries. At present, the underground bungalow granaries mainly adopt floor ventilation ducts, and the use of ground ventilation ducts will cause the stored grain in the granary to not be able to achieve mechanized operation, which will reduce the utilization efficiency of the granary.

[0004] Therefore, studying the ventilation system of underground bungalow granaries, solving the problem that the stored grain in the granary cannot achieve mechanized operation caused by the ground ventilation ducts, reducing the refrigeration energy consumption, and improving the temperature uniformity of the stored grain has important research significance and research value. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model provides a negative-pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary, which can solve the problem of mechanized grain discharging in the underground bungalow granary, reduce the ventilation energy consumption of the granary, and improve the grain storage safety level of the granary.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A negative-pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary includes a warehouse wall, a diaphragm, and a negative-pressure transverse ventilation system; the negative-pressure transverse ventilation system includes a vertical air supply duct, a vertical air return duct, a horizontal main air supply duct, a horizontal main air return duct, a fan box, a distance sensor, and a controller; the horizontal main air supply duct is arranged outside one side warehouse wall of the underground bungalow granary, a vertical air supply duct is arranged inside the warehouse wall on the side of the horizontal main air supply duct, and the horizontal main air supply duct is detachably connected to the vertical air supply duct; the horizontal main air return duct is arranged outside the warehouse wall on the opposite side of the horizontal main air supply duct, a vertical air return duct is arranged inside the warehouse wall on the side of the horizontal main air return duct, and the vertical air return duct is detachably connected to the horizontal main air return duct; the area between the vertical air supply duct and the vertical air return duct is the place for storing grain; the diaphragm covers the place for storing grain, the vertical air supply duct, and the vertical air return duct; the horizontal main air supply duct is connected to the air outlet of the fan box through a horizontal main air supply duct air valve, and the horizontal main air return duct is connected to the air inlet of the fan box through a horizontal main air return duct air valve;

[0008] A distance sensor is arranged on the side of the diaphragm facing the grain pile for detecting the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile. When the distance is greater than a first threshold value, the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main return air duct is controlled to be greater than that of the air valve of the horizontal main supply air duct until the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile is less than or equal to the first threshold value;

[0009] At least one of the vertical supply air duct and the vertical return air duct is cylindrical. There are multiple cylindrical vertical supply air ducts and / or vertical return air ducts. At least one ventilation opening of the first part among the multiple vertical supply air ducts and / or vertical return air ducts faces the bin wall close to it. The exhaust direction or the suction direction of at least one ventilation opening of the second part among the multiple vertical supply air ducts and / or vertical return air ducts forms a 45° angle with the normal line of the bin wall close to it. The exhaust direction or the suction direction of at least one ventilation opening of the third part among the multiple vertical supply air ducts and / or vertical return air ducts forms a -45° angle with the normal line of the bin wall close to it.

[0010] Further, the vertical supply air duct is disengaged from the horizontal main supply air duct by lifting the vertical supply air duct upward, and the vertical return air duct is disengaged from the horizontal main return air duct by lifting the vertical return air duct upward.

[0011] Further, among the vertical supply air duct and the vertical return air duct, the vertical supply air duct is cylindrical and the vertical return air duct is plate-shaped, and both have multiple ventilation openings.

[0012] Further, the diaphragm is made of a flexible material.

[0013] Further, the flexible material is selected from one or more of butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and polyurethane rubber.

[0014] Further, the difference between the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main return air duct and the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main supply air duct is proportional to the value of the distance.

[0015] Further, there are also a main supply air duct pressure sensor and a main return air duct pressure sensor; when the value of the main supply air duct pressure sensor is greater than the value of the main return air duct pressure sensor, the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main return air duct is increased and the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main supply air duct is decreased; when the value of the main supply air duct pressure sensor is less than the value of the main return air duct pressure sensor, the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main return air duct is decreased and the flow rate of the air valve of the horizontal main supply air duct is increased.

[0016] Further, there are also multiple temperature sensors, and the multiple temperature sensors are all arranged at the core part of the grain pile; when the average value of the detection values of the multiple temperature sensors is greater than a second threshold value, the operating power of the fan is increased.

[0017] Further, an air cooling system connected in series with the fan is also provided inside the fan box. When the average value of the detection values of multiple temperature sensors is greater than a third threshold value, the air cooling system is started simultaneously, and the third threshold value is greater than the second threshold value.

[0018] Further, a humidity sensor connected to the controller is also provided inside the horizontal main air supply duct, and a dehumidification system connected in series with the fan is also provided inside the fan box. When the humidity sensor detects that the humidity is greater than a fourth threshold value, the controller starts the dehumidification system.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, the present utility model achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0020] Through the application of the negative pressure transverse ventilation system for the underground bungalow warehouse, the traditional ground ventilation floor gratings are replaced, which is convenient for implementing mechanized grain storage in the warehouse and reduces the manual workload of grain storage in the warehouse. Due to the natural temperature properties underground, the refrigeration workload can be reduced, and the ventilation energy consumption of the underground bungalow warehouse is reduced. The cold air underground evenly passes through the gaps between the grains, thereby reducing the temperature at the core of the grain pile and solving the problem of "hot core and cold skin" of the grain pile in the underground bungalow warehouse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] It should be understood that the drawings only depict typical embodiments of the present utility model and should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection. The present utility model will be described and explained specifically and in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is the top view of the negative pressure transverse ventilation system for the underground bungalow warehouse;

[0023] Figure 2 is the cross-sectional view of the ventilation opening;

[0024] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of the negative pressure transverse ventilation system for the underground bungalow warehouse;

[0025] Figure 4 is the framework diagram of the negative pressure transverse ventilation system for the underground bungalow warehouse.

[0026] Description of the reference numerals: 1, vertical air supply duct; 2, vertical air return duct; 3, horizontal main air supply duct; 4, horizontal main air return duct; 5, fan box; 6, main air supply duct pressure sensor; 7, main air return duct pressure sensor; 8, main air supply duct damper in the horizontal direction; 9, main air return duct damper in the horizontal direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The technology described below can be transformed in various ways and can have various embodiments. Here, specific embodiments will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, this does not mean that the technology described below is limited to specific embodiments. It should be understood that within the spirit and scope of the technology described below, the present utility model includes all similar modifications, equivalents, and alternatives.

[0028] The terms used in the present utility model are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the present utility model and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present utility model to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present utility model, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "while".

[0030] Refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the drawings revealing the embodiments of the present utility model illustrate a negative pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary of the present utility model.

[0031] Figures 1 - 3 The embodiments involved are described with a rectangular underground bungalow granary having four side walls, but the shape and structure of the underground bungalow granary are not limited thereto. The underground bungalow granary can also be circular, elliptical, irregular in shape, etc.

[0032] The negative pressure transverse ventilation system for the underground bungalow granary of the present utility model mainly includes a side wall, a diaphragm, and a negative pressure transverse ventilation system. The negative pressure transverse ventilation system includes a vertical air supply pipe 1, a vertical air return pipe 2, a horizontal main air supply pipe 3, a horizontal main air return pipe 4, a fan box 5, a main air supply pipe pressure sensor 6, a main air return pipe pressure sensor 7, a horizontal main air supply pipe air valve 8, a horizontal main air return pipe air valve 9, and a controller.

[0033] The horizontal main air supply pipe 3 is arranged outside one side wall of the underground bungalow granary, and the vertical air supply pipe 1 is arranged inside the side wall on the side of the horizontal main air supply pipe 3. The horizontal main air supply pipe 3 is communicated with the vertical air supply pipe 1 so that the vertical air supply pipe 1 receives the gas from the horizontal main air supply pipe 3.

[0034] A horizontal main return air duct 4 is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the opposite side of the horizontal main supply air duct 3. A vertical return air duct 2 is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the horizontal main return air duct 4. The vertical return air duct 2 is communicated with the horizontal main return air duct 4, so that the gas in the vertical return air duct 2 can flow into the horizontal main return air duct 4.

[0035] The connection between the horizontal main supply air duct 3 and the vertical supply air duct 1 and the connection between the horizontal main return air duct 4 and the vertical return air duct 2 are detachable. By lifting the vertical supply air duct 1 upward, the vertical supply air duct 1 can be detached from the horizontal main supply air duct 3. By lifting the vertical return air duct 2 upward, the vertical return air duct 2 can be detached from the horizontal main return air duct 4.

[0036] A grain pile is arranged between the vertical supply air duct 1 and the vertical return air duct 2.

[0037] The upper surface of the grain pile is covered with a diaphragm to be separated from the upper air. The diaphragm is closely attached to the upper surface of the grain pile so that there is no gap between the upper surface of the grain pile and the diaphragm.

[0038] The diaphragm is flexible, preferably butyl rubber, silicone rubber or polyurethane rubber.

[0039] On the outer side of the bin wall, the horizontal main supply air duct 3 is connected to the air outlet of the fan box 5 through the horizontal main supply air duct air valve 8, and the horizontal main return air duct 4 is connected to the air inlet of the fan box 5 through the horizontal main return air duct air valve 9.

[0040] Due to the natural temperature property of the underground, the external cold air enters the horizontal main supply air duct 3 from the air outlet of the fan box 5. The cold air then enters the grain pile from the vertical supply air duct 1. The cold air enters the vertical return air duct 2 through the gaps between the grains in the grain pile and then returns to the fan box 5 from the vertical return air duct 2. First of all, through such a negative pressure transverse ventilation system for underground flat grain bins, the ground ventilation ducts are cancelled, which is convenient for the implementation of mechanized grain storage in the grain bin and reduces the manual workload of grain discharging from the grain bin. Secondly, due to the natural temperature property of the underground, the refrigeration workload can be reduced, and the ventilation energy consumption of the underground flat grain bin is reduced. Thirdly, the cold air evenly passes through the air between the grains, thereby reducing the temperature at the core of the grain pile and solving the problem of "hot core and cold skin" of the grain pile in the underground flat grain bin.

[0041] Multiple vertical supply air ducts 1 and vertical return air ducts 2 can be independently cylindrical or plate-shaped respectively.

[0042] When the vertical supply air duct 1 is multiple cylindrical ones, multiple small ventilation openings are arranged on the pipe wall of each cylindrical one, and the apertures of the multiple small ventilation openings can be the same or different.

[0043] Preferably, the aperture of the multiple ventilation openings on the side away from the vertical return air duct 2 is larger than the aperture on the side facing the vertical return air duct 2, so that the vertical supply air duct 1 discharges air unevenly, and the path of the cold air in the grain pile is increased through turbulence, thereby cooling the core of the grain pile more effectively.

[0044] Preferably, the air ejected from at least one vent in the first part of the plurality of cylindrical vertical air supply pipes 1 is directed directly to the warehouse wall it is close to, the direction of the air ejected from at least one vent in the second part is at a 45° angle to the normal of the warehouse wall it is close to, and the direction of the air ejected from at least one vent in the third part is at a -45° angle to the normal of the warehouse wall it is close to. By setting the vents in different parts to deviate, the cold air can evenly pass through various areas of the grain pile to ensure uniform temperature of the grain pile.

[0045] When the vertical return air ducts 2 are in the shape of multiple cylinders, a plurality of small vents are arranged on the wall of each cylindrical duct, and the apertures of the plurality of small vents may be the same or different.

[0046] Preferably, the aperture of the multiple vents on the side facing away from the vertical air supply duct 1 is larger than the aperture on the side facing the vertical air supply duct 1, so that the vertical return air duct 2 inhales air unevenly, increasing the path of cold air in the grain pile through turbulence, thereby cooling the core of the grain pile more effectively.

[0047] Preferably, the air intake direction of at least one vent in the first part of the plurality of cylindrical vertical return air ducts is directly toward the warehouse wall it is close to, the air intake direction of at least one vent in the second part is at a 45° angle to the normal of the warehouse wall it is close to, and the air intake direction of at least one vent in the third part is at a -45° angle to the normal of the warehouse wall it is close to. By setting the deviation of the vents in different parts, the cold air can evenly pass through various areas of the grain pile to ensure the uniform temperature of the grain pile.

[0048] When the vertical air supply duct 1 and / or the vertical air return duct 2 are plate-shaped, a plurality of vents are arranged on the side of the plate-shaped vertical air supply duct 1 facing the vertical air return duct 2, and a plurality of vents are arranged on the side of the plate-shaped vertical air return duct 2 facing the vertical air supply duct 1. The plate-shaped vertical air supply duct 1 and / or the vertical air return duct 2 can increase the ventilation area, thereby avoiding the uneven temperature of the grain pile caused by the failure of cold air to reach certain areas.

[0049] The negative pressure transverse ventilation system of the underground bungalow grain silo also has a distance sensor. The distance sensor is arranged on the side of the diaphragm facing the grain pile, and is used to detect the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile. The controller is connected to the fan box 5, the main supply air duct pressure sensor 6, the main return air duct pressure sensor 7, the horizontal main supply air duct air valve 8, the horizontal main return air duct air valve 9 and the distance sensor.

[0050] When the distance sensor detects that the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile is greater than the first threshold, the flow rate of the horizontal main return air duct air valve 9 is controlled to be greater than the flow rate of the horizontal main supply air duct air valve 8 until the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0051] Preferably, the difference between the flow rate of the horizontal main return air duct damper and the flow rate of the horizontal main supply air duct damper is proportional to the value of the distance.

[0052] The controller adjusts the flow rates of the horizontal main supply air duct damper 8 and the horizontal main return air duct damper 9 according to the values of the main supply air duct pressure sensor 6 and the main return air duct pressure sensor 7. When the value of the main supply air duct pressure sensor 6 is greater than the value of the main return air duct pressure sensor 7, the flow rate of the horizontal main return air duct damper 9 is increased and the flow rate of the horizontal main supply air duct damper 8 is decreased. When the value of the main supply air duct pressure sensor 6 is less than the value of the main return air duct pressure sensor 7, the flow rate of the horizontal main return air duct damper 9 is decreased and the flow rate of the horizontal main supply air duct damper 8 is increased. Through such a setting, the amount of cooling gas entering the grain pile is the same as the amount of cooling gas extracted from the grain pile, avoiding the accumulation of air in the grain pile and causing the failure or damage of the ventilation system.

[0053] A plurality of temperature sensors are evenly arranged in the core part of the grain pile. The plurality of temperature sensors are connected to the controller. When the average value of the detection values of the plurality of temperature sensors is greater than the second threshold value, the amount of cold air provided by the fan box is increased.

[0054] An air cooling system connected in series with the fan is also arranged in the fan box. When the average value of the detection values of the plurality of temperature sensors is greater than the third threshold value, the air cooling system is started simultaneously. The third threshold value is greater than the second threshold value.

[0055] A humidity sensor connected to the controller is also arranged in the horizontal main supply air duct 3, and a dehumidification system connected in series with the fan is also arranged in the fan box 5. When the humidity sensor detects that the humidity is greater than the fourth threshold value, the controller starts the dehumidification system, thereby avoiding inputting air with too high humidity into the grain pile and causing the deterioration of the grain.

[0056] The present invention also provides an underground bungalow warehouse granary, which includes the above-mentioned underground bungalow warehouse granary negative pressure transverse ventilation system.

[0057] The present invention also provides a control system for the underground bungalow warehouse granary negative pressure transverse ventilation system. The control system automatically controls the operation of each device, thereby improving the automation level of the granary and improving the efficiency.

[0058] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: By applying the above-mentioned underground bungalow warehouse granary negative pressure transverse ventilation system, it replaces the traditional ground ventilation floor grille, facilitating the implementation of mechanized grain storage in the granary and reducing the manual workload of grain storage in the granary. Due to the natural temperature properties underground, the refrigeration workload can be reduced, and the ventilation energy consumption of the underground bungalow warehouse granary is reduced. The cold air underground evenly passes through the gaps between the grains, thereby reducing the temperature of the core part of the grain pile and solving the problem of "hot core and cold skin" of the grain pile in the underground bungalow warehouse granary.

[0059] Although the present utility model has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made based on the present utility model. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent of the present utility model. Other changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and protection scope of the present utility model are still included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An underground bungalow warehouse negative pressure transverse ventilation system, comprising a warehouse wall, a diaphragm and a negative pressure transverse ventilation system; characterized in that: The negative pressure cross ventilation system includes a vertical air supply duct (1), a vertical air return duct (2), a horizontal main air supply duct (3), a horizontal main air return duct (4), a fan box (5), a distance sensor, and a controller; the horizontal main air supply duct (3) is arranged outside the side wall of one side of the underground bungalow warehouse granary, and the vertical air supply duct (1) is arranged inside the side wall of the horizontal main air supply duct (3), and the horizontal main air supply duct (3) is detachably connected to the vertical air supply duct (1); the horizontal main air return duct (4) is arranged outside the side wall opposite to the horizontal main air supply duct (3), and the vertical air return duct (2) is arranged inside the side wall of the horizontal main air return duct (4), and the vertical air return duct (2) is detachably connected to the horizontal main air return duct (4); the area between the vertical air supply duct (1) and the vertical air return duct (2) is the grain storage area; the diaphragm covers the grain storage area, the vertical air supply duct (1), and the vertical air return duct (2); the horizontal main air supply duct (3) is connected to the air outlet of the fan box (5) through the horizontal main air supply duct air valve (8), and the horizontal main air return duct (4) is connected to the air inlet of the fan box (5) through the horizontal main air return duct air valve (9); The distance sensor is arranged on the side of the diaphragm facing the grain pile and is used to detect the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile. When the distance is greater than the first threshold, the flow rate of the horizontal main air return duct air valve (9) is controlled to be greater than the flow rate of the horizontal main air supply duct air valve (8) until the distance between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the grain pile is less than or equal to the first threshold; At least one of the vertical air supply duct (1) and the vertical air return duct (2) is cylindrical. At least one ventilation opening of the first part in the cylindrical vertical air supply duct (1) and / or vertical air return duct (2) faces the adjacent bin wall, and the exhaust direction or suction direction of at least one ventilation opening of the second part forms a 45° angle with the normal line of the adjacent bin wall, and the exhaust direction or suction direction of at least one ventilation opening of the third part forms a -45° angle with the normal line of the adjacent bin wall.

2. The negative pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary according to claim 1, wherein: The vertical air supply duct (1) is detached from the horizontal main air supply duct (3) by lifting the vertical air supply duct (1) upward, and the vertical air return duct (2) is detached from the horizontal main air return duct (4) by lifting the vertical air return duct (2) upward.

3. The negative pressure cross ventilation system for underground bungalow granary according to claim 1, wherein: Among the vertical air supply duct (1) and the vertical air return duct (2), the vertical air supply duct (1) is cylindrical and the vertical air return duct (2) is plate-shaped, and both have a plurality of ventilation openings.

4. The negative pressure cross ventilation system for underground bungalow warehouse granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diaphragm is made of a flexible material.

5. The negative pressure cross ventilation system for an underground bungalow warehouse granary according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible material is selected from one or more of butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and polyurethane rubber.

6. The negative pressure cross ventilation system for underground bungalow granary according to claim 1, wherein: The difference between the flow rate of the horizontal main air return duct air valve (9) and the flow rate of the horizontal main air supply duct air valve (8) is proportional to the value of the distance.

7. The negative pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary according to claim 1, wherein: The negative pressure cross ventilation system also has a main air supply duct pressure sensor (6) and a main air return duct pressure sensor (7); when the value of the main air supply duct pressure sensor (6) is greater than the value of the main air return duct pressure sensor (7), the flow rate of the horizontal main air return duct air valve (9) is increased and the flow rate of the horizontal main air supply duct air valve (8) is decreased; when the value of the main air supply duct pressure sensor (6) is less than the value of the main air return duct pressure sensor (7), the flow rate of the horizontal main air return duct air valve (9) is decreased and the flow rate of the horizontal main air supply duct air valve (8) is increased.

8. The negative pressure cross ventilation system for an underground bungalow warehouse granary according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure cross-ventilation system also has a plurality of temperature sensors, and the plurality of temperature sensors are all arranged at the core part of the grain pile; when the average value of the detection values of the plurality of temperature sensors is greater than the second threshold, the operating power of the fan is increased.

9. The negative pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow granary according to claim 8, wherein: An air cooling system connected in series with the fan is further arranged in the fan box (5). When the average value of the detection values of the plurality of temperature sensors is greater than the third threshold, the air cooling system is started simultaneously, and the third threshold is greater than the second threshold.

10. The negative pressure transverse ventilation system for an underground bungalow warehouse granary according to claim 1, wherein: A humidity sensor connected to the controller is further arranged in the horizontal main air supply pipe (3), and a dehumidification system connected in series with the fan is further arranged in the fan box (5). When the humidity sensor detects that the humidity is greater than the fourth threshold, the controller starts the dehumidification system.

Images