Anchor cable gradient yielding damper

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of safety insurance, and particularly relates to an anchor cable gradient yielding damper. The anchor cable gradient yielding damper comprises a positioning sleeve capable of being arranged at the end of a formed anchor cable in a sleeving mode. The positioning sleeve is composed of a positioning ring and a sleeve integrated with the positioning ring. The lower part of a sleeve forming the positioning sleeve is sleeved with a deformation ball sleeve, the deformation ball sleeve is in socket telescopic butt joint with the sleeve, and an annular groove is formed between the deformation ball sleeve and a positioning ring forming the positioning sleeve; and at least one annular deformation sleeve is arranged in the annular groove. When the tensile stress of the anchor cable penetrating through the constant resistance device sleeve is increased, the annular deformation sleeve and the deformation ball sleeve which form the yielding damper are sequentially flattened and deformed, so that the tensioning force of the anchor cable is sequentially released in a yielding manner, and the problem of failure of the anchor cable caused by breakage of the anchor cable is effectively avoided; the yielding damper has the advantages of being compact in structure, safe to use, economical and durable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of anchor cable accessories, and particularly relates to an anchor cable gradient yielding damper. Background Art

[0002] The anchor cable is one of the most basic components for supporting coal mine roadways at present. It can reinforce the surrounding rock of the roadway together to realize the self-support of the surrounding rock (coal) layer. As one of the main supporting forms for underground roadway engineering and rock slopes, the anchor cable plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the roadway and the rock (coal) layer slope. Especially in jointed and fractured rock masses, the reinforcement effect of the anchor cable on the rock mass is very obvious.

[0003] When using the anchor cable, as Figure 2 shown, the front end 44 of the anchor cable 4 is pushed into the anchoring agent 45 filled in the prefabricated hole 5 of the rock mass. After being fixedly bonded and positioned with the prefabricated hole of the rock mass, a backing plate (tray) 42 and a locking device 43 are installed at the rear end of the anchor cable to pre-tension the anchor cable, so that the rock (coal) layer 6 reaches a certain required fixation, thereby realizing the supporting effect of the anchor cable on the rock (coal) layer 6 and ensuring the safety of coal (rock) mining. However, due to the movement and change of the crust, mountain body or rock strata within the enclosure, the stress on the rock (coal) layer increases and the mine pressure intensifies. The anchor cable will be stretched and there is a risk of being broken, increasing the risk of using the anchor cable and affecting the safety of the roadway. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an anchor cable gradient yielding damper for use in conjunction with an anchor cable. That is, when the mine pressure increases to the point where the anchor cable is not broken, the anchor cable gradient yielding damper is used to reduce the pressure on the rock (coal) layer, thereby realizing the pressure release of the rock (coal) layer, effectively overcoming the problem of the anchor cable being broken, and realizing the effective support of the rock (coal) layer.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] An anchor cable gradient yielding damper, comprising

[0007] a positioning sleeve (1) that can be sleeved on the end of the anchor cable (4). The positioning sleeve is composed of a positioning ring (11) and a sleeve (12) integrally formed therewith;

[0008] A deformed ball sleeve (2) is sleeved on the lower part of the sleeve (12) forming the positioning sleeve. The deformed ball sleeve is in socket telescopic butt joint with the sleeve (12), and a circumferential groove is formed between the deformed ball sleeve and the positioning ring (11) forming the positioning sleeve;

[0009] At least one annular deformation sleeve is arranged in the circumferential groove.

[0010] The additional technical features constituting the above-mentioned anchor cable constant resistor further include:

[0011] 1. The number of the annular deformation sleeves is two, and they are vertically arranged in the circumferential groove;

[0012] 2. The axial cross-sectional structure of the annular deformation sleeve is an "L" shape or an annular structure with an acute angle R shape;

[0013] 3. The axial cross-sectional structure of the annular deformation sleeve is a "rectangular" annular structure;

[0014] 4. The thickness of the axial support of the annular deformation sleeves vertically arranged in the circumferential groove gradually thickens from top to bottom;

[0015] 5. The outer diameters of the annular deformation sleeves vertically arranged in the circumferential groove, the outer diameter of the deformation ball sleeve, and the outer diameter of the positioning ring constituting the positioning sleeve are the same.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, an anchor cable gradient yielding damper provided by the present invention has the following advantages: Since the yielding damper is composed of a positioning sleeve provided with a sleeve, a deformation ball sleeve with a socket connection is provided at the lower end of the sleeve, and at least one annular deformation sleeve with a stress point is provided on the sleeve between the two; during use, since the anchor cable passing through the sleeve of the yielding damper, when its tensile stress becomes larger, the annular deformation sleeve and the deformation ball sleeve constituting the yielding damper will deform in sequence, constituting the sequential yielding release of the pressure between the anchor cable and the supported rock (coal) seam, which can effectively avoid the problem of the support failure caused by the fracture of the anchor cable; the yielding damper has the advantages of compact structure, safe use, economy and durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an anchor cable gradient yielding damper of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a structural schematic diagram of the use state of the shown gradient yielding damper;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a second anchor cable gradient yielding damper;

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a third anchor cable gradient yielding damper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] The following further elaborates in detail on the structure and working principle of the novel anchor cable gradient yielding damper provided by the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper / middle / lower", "inner / outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "provided with" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] As Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the novel anchor cable gradient yielding damper. Its structure includes a positioning sleeve 1 that can be sleeved on the end of the anchor cable 4. The positioning sleeve 1 is composed of a positioning ring 11 and a sleeve 12 that is an integral structure with it; a deformable ball sleeve 2 that can be inserted and telescoped is sleeved on the lower part of the sleeve 12 that constitutes the above positioning sleeve, and a circumferential groove is formed between the deformable ball sleeve 2 and the positioning ring 11 that constitutes the above positioning sleeve; upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31 and 32 are vertically stacked in this circumferential groove. The axial cross-sections of the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31 and 32 are respectively composed of an upper support vertical ring 310 and an upper radial support ring 311 and a lower support vertical ring 320 and a lower radial support ring 321 to form an "L" structure stacked up and down; among them, the thickness of the lower support vertical ring 320 is greater than the thickness of the upper support vertical ring 310, so that when the two are squeezed, due to the top pressure of the lower support vertical ring 320 on the upper radial support ring 311, the upper support vertical ring 310 of the upper annular deformation sleeve 31 is deformed to form a flattened annular ring.

[0025] As Figure 2When in use, the gradient yielding damper of the above structure is sleeved on the end of the cable bolt 4. That is, it is preferably provided with an upper support roof plate 41 and a lower support plate 42 outside the prefabricated hole 5 of the rock mass where the cable bolt 4 is fixed, and the gradient yielding damper is clamped between the two. The cable bolt 4 passes through the upper and lower support roof plates 41, 42 and the gradient yielding damper, and then the cable bolt 4 with the gradient yielding damper is fastened through the locking device 43.

[0026] When the rock (coal) layer 6 where the cable bolt 4 is fixed deforms, and the axial tension of the cable bolt 4 increases excessively, the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31, 32 and the deformation ball sleeve 2 are squeezed and compressed by the upper support roof plate 41 pushed by the prefabricated hole 5 of the rock mass and the lower support roof plate 42 pushed by the locking device 43. And the thickness of the lower support vertical ring 320 of the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31, 32 is greater than the thickness of the upper support vertical ring 310. Therefore, the upper support vertical ring 310 of the upper annular deformation sleeve 31 will be squeezed to form a flattened annular ring. The deformation ball sleeve 2 inserted on the positioning sleeve 12 will push the lower annular deformation sleeve 32 upward to squeeze the flattened upper annular deformation sleeve 31 under the axial tension of the cable bolt, and the tensile force of the cable bolt is effectively yielded and released, realizing the first reduction of the cable bolt tension; when the rock (coal) layer 6 further deforms, the cable bolt is tightened again under force, and its axial tension increases excessively. The lower annular deformation sleeve 32 is further squeezed by the flattened upper annular deformation sleeve 31, the deformation ball sleeve 2 and the lower support roof plate 42, and is also compressed and squeezed to form a flattened lower annular deformation sleeve 32. The deformation ball sleeve 2 inserted on the positioning sleeve 12 directly pushes on the flattened lower annular deformation sleeve 32 under the axial tension of the cable bolt, and the tensile force of the cable bolt is effectively released for the second time, realizing the second reduction of the cable bolt tension; when the rock (coal) layer 6 further deforms, the cable bolt is tightened again under force, and the axial tension of the cable bolt increases excessively. The deformation ball sleeve 2 is squeezed and compressed by the flattened lower annular deformation sleeve 32 and the lower support roof plate 42, making its spherical surface become larger and deformed, causing the gradient yielding damper to continue to shorten axially, so that the tensile force of the cable bolt is effectively released for the third time, reducing the cable bolt tension, and realizing the third time to avoid its fracture.

[0027] Obviously, for the cable bolt provided with the gradient yielding damper above, when the rock (coal) layer 6 deforms, the cable bolt will release the cable bolt tension in stages due to the successive flattening or deformation of the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves and the deformation ball sleeve 2 that make up the gradient yielding damper, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of the fracture phenomenon and ensure the safety of the roadway supported by the cable bolt.

[0028] It should be noted that the sleeve 12 of the positioning sleeve 1 and the deformation ball sleeve 2 are combined by socket insertion. When they are prefabricated, there is a certain clamping pressure at the socket insertion part of the port to ensure that there will be no immediate expansion and contraction when the yielding damper is compressed.

[0029] In the structure of the above-mentioned new cable bolt yielding damper,

[0030] 1. Preferably, the axial cross-sections of the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31 and 32 are in an "L"-shaped structure that overlaps vertically and horizontally as shown in Figure 1 , 2 . It can also be an "L"-shaped structure in which the upper and lower support vertical rings 310 and 320 forming the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31 and 32 are closely attached to the positioning sleeve 12. Of course, the axial cross-sections of the annular deformation sleeves 31 and 32 can also be a structure in which the support vertical rings 310 and 320 and the radial support rings 311 and 321 form an acute angle R as shown in Figure 3 . When the rock (coal) layer 6 deforms and the anchor cable is stressed and tightened, after the annular deformation sleeve is squeezed, it is easier to become a regular flattened circle;

[0031] 2. As shown in Figure 4 , the axial cross-section structure of the upper and lower annular deformation sleeves 31 and 32 can also be a "rectangular" annular structure. After the two parallel support vertical rings 312, 313, 322, and 323 corresponding to it are squeezed, a flattened annular structure can also be formed, enabling the anchor cable to release the tightening force and achieve the purpose of the present invention;

[0032] 3. Further, the number of annular deformation sleeves vertically arranged in the circumferential groove is at least one or more. The vertical arrangement of multiple annular deformation sleeves can not only achieve a large compression deformation space but also ensure sufficient axial support force, and they are compressed and deformed in sequence, providing a progressive force application method for axial movement and ensuring that the anchor cable has a multi-level gradient resistance;

[0033] 4. Further, the outer diameter of the annular deformation sleeve vertically arranged in the circumferential groove, the outer diameter of the deformation ball sleeve 2, and the outer diameter of the positioning ring constituting the positioning sleeve are the same; at the same time, the thickness of the wall of the support vertical ring of multiple annular deformation sleeves vertically arranged in the circumferential groove gradually increases from top to bottom, making it easier for the upper annular deformation sleeve to be flattened and deformed from top to bottom after being squeezed.

Claims

1. A cable anchor gradient pressure-relieving damper, characterized in that: including a positioning sleeve (1) that can be sleeved on the end of the cable anchor (4), which is composed of a positioning ring (11) and a sleeve (12) integrally structured therewith; a deformed ball sleeve (2) is sleeved on the lower part of the sleeve (12) forming the positioning sleeve. The deformed ball sleeve is inserted and telescopically docked with the sleeve (12), and a circumferential groove is formed between the deformed ball sleeve and the positioning ring (11) forming the positioning sleeve; at least one annular deformation sleeve is arranged in the circumferential groove.

2. The anchor cable gradient yielding damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the annular deformation sleeves is two, and they are vertically arranged in the circumferential groove.

3. The anchor cable gradient yielding damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The axial cross-sectional structure of the annular deformation sleeve is an annular structure in the shape of "L" or an acute-angled R shape.

4. The cable anchor gradient yielding damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The axial cross-sectional structure of the annular deformation sleeve is an annular structure in the shape of "rectangle".

5. The anchor cable gradient yielding damper according to claim 2, wherein: The thickness of the axial support of the annular deformation sleeves vertically arranged in the circumferential groove gradually thickens from top to bottom.

6. The cable anchor gradient yielding damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameters of the annular deformation sleeves vertically arranged in the circumferential groove, the outer diameter of the deformed ball sleeve (2), and the outer diameter of the positioning ring forming the positioning sleeve are the same.

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