Hydrogen permeation dynamic testing device for simulating hydrogen-contacting pipe

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrogen permeation dynamic testing device for simulating a hydrogen-contacting pipe, which comprises a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, the opening end of the first shell is connected with one side of a sample, a first cavity is enclosed between the first shell and the sample, and the first cavity is used for storing hydrogen; the open end of the second shell is connected with the other side of the sample, a second cavity is defined between the second shell and the sample, the second cavity is used for containing electrolyte, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode are arranged on the second shell, the auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode penetrate through the second shell and then stretch into the second cavity, and the auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode are arranged in the second cavity. The auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode are immersed in the electrolyte; the stretcher is connected with the sample, and the stretcher is used for applying tensile force to the sample. According to the gas-phase hydrogen permeation device, the technical problem that the gas-phase hydrogen permeation device in the prior art is used for testing the hydrogen permeation behavior of an unloaded sample and cannot test the change of the gas-phase hydrogen permeation behavior of the pipeline steel under the tensile stress can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of metal gas phase hydrogen permeation, and particularly relates to a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipeline steels. Background Technique

[0002] With the rapid economic development and population growth, energy consumption has been gradually increasing. The overuse of fossil energy has caused serious environmental pollution, and the development of green and low-carbon energy is imminent. Currently known green and low-carbon energies mainly include solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, etc. However, due to geographical and climatic limitations, solar and wind energies are mainly concentrated in the western region, while the energy consumption areas are mainly concentrated in the eastern region of China. Due to the difficulty of timely consumption, problems such as wind curtailment and solar curtailment are widespread in the western region. Converting the curtailed electricity that cannot be absorbed by the power grid into hydrogen energy through renewable energy electrolysis hydrogen technology can effectively solve problems such as wind curtailment and solar curtailment. Moreover, hydrogen energy has the advantages of environmental protection, high energy conversion efficiency, wide sources, and energy storage. Therefore, hydrogen energy will be an important way for the development of low-carbon energy in China. Transporting hydrogen through existing natural gas pipelines is the most economical and effective way for large-scale hydrogen transportation. However, when hydrogen is added to natural gas pipelines, pipeline steels will face the problem of hydrogen permeation, and the diffusion and aggregation of hydrogen in pipeline steels will cause hydrogen damage to the pipeline steels, seriously threatening the safe operation of the pipelines. Therefore, it is necessary to study the hydrogen permeation behavior of pipeline steels under gaseous hydrogen and use this as the basis for material selection and material evaluation.

[0003] Most of the existing gas phase hydrogen permeation devices are used to test the hydrogen permeation behavior of unloaded specimens. However, pipeline steels will inevitably be affected by stress during service. Therefore, in order to study in real time the changes in the gas phase hydrogen permeation behavior of pipeline steels when the loaded state changes, it is necessary to design a simple, safe, and easy-to-operate in-situ gas phase tensile hydrogen permeation kinetics test device.

[0004] Due to technical problems such as the existing gas phase hydrogen permeation devices in the prior art being used to test the hydrogen permeation behavior of unloaded specimens and being unable to measure the changes in the gas phase hydrogen permeation behavior of pipeline steels when subjected to tensile stress, the utility model researches and designs a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipeline steels. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Therefore, the utility model provides a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipeline steels, which can solve the technical problems that the existing gas phase hydrogen permeation devices are used to test the hydrogen permeation behavior of unloaded specimens and are unable to measure the changes in the gas phase hydrogen permeation behavior of pipeline steels when subjected to tensile stress.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes, comprising: a first housing, an open end of the first housing is connected to one side of the specimen, a first chamber is formed between the first housing and the specimen, and the first chamber is used for storing hydrogen; a second housing, an open end of the second housing is connected to the other side of the specimen, a second chamber is formed between the second housing and the specimen, and an electrolyte is contained in the second chamber. An auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode are arranged on the second housing, and after passing through the second housing, the auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode extend into the second chamber and are immersed in the electrolyte; a tensile machine, which is connected to the specimen and is used for applying a tensile force to the specimen.

[0007] In some embodiments, a flange is arranged between the open end of the second housing and the specimen. A first connecting member is arranged on a side of the flange facing the specimen, and the first connecting member is connected to the first housing. The first connecting member is located on the side of the specimen, and a second sealing member is arranged between the first housing and the specimen.

[0008] In some embodiments, a second connecting member is arranged on a side of the flange facing away from the specimen, and the flange is connected to the second housing through the second connecting member. The flange has a central hole, and the open end of the second housing is communicated with the central hole. A first sealing member is arranged between the flange and the specimen, on the inner peripheral wall of the flange, and between the flange and the second housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are arranged on the first housing. Valves are arranged on the hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet. One valve is used to open or close the hydrogen inlet, and the other valve is used to open or close the hydrogen outlet. A pressure gauge is further arranged on the hydrogen inlet, and the pressure gauge is used to detect the pressure in the first chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet. A fourth gas conduit is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and a hydrogen exhaust valve is arranged on the fourth gas conduit. One end of the fourth gas conduit facing away from the hydrogen outlet extends out of the explosion-proof cabinet, and the fourth gas conduit is used to discharge gas out of the explosion-proof cabinet.

[0011] In some embodiments, a nitrogen inlet and a nitrogen outlet are arranged on the second housing. The auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode are located between the nitrogen inlet and the nitrogen outlet. A connecting pipe is arranged on the nitrogen inlet, and at least a part of the connecting pipe extends into the electrolyte.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet. The nitrogen gas outlet is connected to a third gas conduit, and a nitrogen gas exhaust valve is provided on the third gas conduit. One end of the third gas conduit facing away from the nitrogen gas outlet extends outside the explosion-proof cabinet, and the third gas conduit is used to discharge gas outside the explosion-proof cabinet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes further includes a hydrogen gas cylinder. The outlet of the hydrogen gas cylinder is connected to the first chamber through a second gas conduit, and a hydrogen gas cylinder switch and a hydrogen gas pressure reducing valve are provided on the second gas conduit. The hydrogen gas pressure reducing valve adjusts the air flow rate in the second gas conduit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes further includes a nitrogen gas cylinder. The outlet of the nitrogen gas cylinder is connected to the second chamber through a second gas conduit, and a nitrogen gas cylinder switch and a nitrogen gas pressure reducing valve are provided on the second gas conduit. The nitrogen gas pressure reducing valve adjusts the air flow rate in the second gas conduit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in a laboratory. A hydrogen gas detector is provided in the laboratory, and a fan is also provided. The fan is used to convey the air flow in the laboratory to the outside of the laboratory. A first gas pipeline is further provided on the explosion-proof cabinet, and the first gas pipeline is used to connect the air inside and outside the explosion-proof cabinet.

[0016] A hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes provided by the present utility model has the following

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model can monitor in real time the change of gas-phase hydrogen permeation behavior when the load state of the hydrogen-containing pipe changes through an electrochemical method. Moreover, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model is convenient to build, simple to operate, and safe and reliable.

[0019] 2. The specimen used in the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model is easy to prepare, and the surface state of the specimen is easy to control. The hydrogen permeation behavior of the hydrogen-containing pipe under the coupling action of the hydrogen-doped environment and the load can be studied. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model has been used for real-time testing of the hydrogen permeation curve of medium and low strength pipeline steel under load, and the test results show that the measurement results are accurate and stable. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. The drawings in the following description are merely exemplary. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other implementation drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a complementary enlarged view of a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a hydrogen permeation curve of pipeline steel under different tensile stresses in a pure hydrogen environment in a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model.

[0024] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0025] 1, hydrogen detector; 2, first gas pipeline; 3, explosion-proof cabinet; 4, hydrogen pressure reducing valve; 5, hydrogen cylinder switch; 6, hydrogen cylinder; 7, nitrogen pressure reducing valve; 8, nitrogen cylinder switch; 9, nitrogen cylinder; 10, second gas conduit; 11, tensile machine; 12, pressure display; 13, environmental humidity display; 14, control cabinet; 15, first host; 16, environmental temperature display; 17, electrochemical workstation; 18, second host; 19, indicator light; 20, emergency switch; 21, nitrogen exhaust valve; 22, hydrogen exhaust valve; 23, third gas conduit; 24, fan; 25, fourth gas conduit; 26, hydrogen inlet; 27, valve body; 28, pressure gauge; 29, first housing; 30, hydrogen outlet; 31, first connector; 32, specimen; 33, second connector; 34, first seal; 35, second housing; 36, nitrogen inlet; 37, auxiliary electrode; 38, reference electrode; 39, nitrogen outlet; 40, flange; 41, second seal. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. The description of at least one exemplary embodiment below is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present utility model and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description. Without contrary statements, these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model; the orientation terms "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0028] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "upper...", etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature shown in the drawings and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the drawings for the device. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientations of "above..." and "below...". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations should be made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0029] In addition, it should be noted that using words such as "first", "second", etc. to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above words have no special meanings. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] See in combination Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is provided, including: a first housing 29, the open end of the first housing 29 is connected to one side of a specimen 32, and a first chamber is formed between the first housing 29 and the specimen 32 for storing hydrogen; a second housing 35, the open end of the second housing 35 is connected to the other side of the specimen 32, and a second chamber is formed between the second housing 35 and the specimen 32 for containing an electrolyte. An auxiliary electrode 37 and a reference electrode 38 are arranged on the second housing 35. The auxiliary electrode 37 and the reference electrode 38 penetrate through the second housing 35 and extend into the second chamber, and the auxiliary electrode 37 and the reference electrode 38 are immersed in the electrolyte; a tensile machine 11, the tensile machine 11 is connected to the specimen 32, and the tensile machine 11 is used to apply a tensile force to the specimen 32. In this technical solution, a tensile stress is applied to the sample by the tensile machine 11. Hydrogen is stored in the first chamber, and the electrolyte is contained in the second chamber. The hydrogen release current of the specimen during the loading process can be detected in real time through the specimen, the auxiliary electrode 37 and the reference electrode 38, improving the accuracy and stability of the in-situ tensile gas-phase hydrogen permeation kinetics test of hydrogen-containing pipes. Specifically, the electrolyte is 0.2 mol / L NaOH, and the tensile machine 11 is located at any end of the specimen 32. That is to say, the tensile machine 11 is arranged perpendicular to the second housing 35 and the first housing 29. One side of the specimen 32 close to the second housing 35, the auxiliary electrode 37 and the reference electrode 38 are connected to an electrochemical workstation 17 for measuring the hydrogen permeation curve. The specimen 32, the auxiliary electrode 37 and the reference electrode 38 are immersed in the electrolyte.

[0031] In some embodiments, a flange 40 is arranged between the open end of the second housing 35 and the specimen 32. A first connecting member 31 is arranged on the side of the flange 40 facing the specimen 32. The first connecting member 31 is connected to the first housing 29, and a second sealing member 41 is arranged between the first housing 29 and the specimen. In this technical solution, the second sealing member 41 is an O-ring, the first connecting member 31 is an internal hexagonal screw, and the first housing 29 is made of high-quality stainless steel to withstand high gas pressure and long-term hydrogen damage. There is an opening on the right side of the first housing 29. The specimen 32 is installed vertically between the first housing 29 and the flange 40. The specimen 32 is clamped between the first housing 29 and the flange 40 by four first connecting members 31. During the tightening process of the screws, the specimen 32 is clamped. The four first connecting members 31 are located on both sides of the specimen 32. That is to say, the specimen 32 is located between the four first connecting members 31. The specimen 32 and the first housing 29 are hermetically connected through the second sealing member 41, and the second sealing member 41 prevents hydrogen leakage.

[0032] In some embodiments, a second connecting member 33 is provided on a side of the flange 40 facing away from the specimen 32. The flange 40 and the second housing 35 are connected by the second connecting member 33. The flange 40 has a central hole, and an open end of the second housing 35 communicates with the central hole. A first seal 34 is provided between the flange 40 and the specimen 32, on an inner peripheral wall of the flange 40, and between the flange 40 and the second housing 35. In this technical solution, the first seal 34 is an I-shaped sealing rubber ring, and the second connecting member 33 is a connecting bolt. The specimen 32 and the flange 40 are hermetically connected through the first seal 34, and the first seal 34 can isolate the flange 40 from the solution in the anode cell 35. An opening on the right side of the first housing 29 is opposite to a central opening of the first seal 34 mounted on the flange 40. Four holes are provided at the edge of the flange 40, corresponding to four holes at the left edge of the second housing 35. The flange 40 and the second housing 35 are connected by four second connecting members 33. During the process of tightening the second connecting members 33, sealing between the second housing 35 and the specimen 32 is achieved, preventing the electrolyte in the second housing 35 from leaking. Rubber rings are used to seal both sides of the specimen. After the specimen is clamped, when a tensile force is applied to the specimen, the shape of the rubber ring will change with the deformation of the specimen, ensuring that the effective area of contact between the tensile specimen and hydrogen or the anode cell electrolyte does not move.

[0033] In some embodiments, a hydrogen inlet 26 and a hydrogen outlet 30 are provided on the first housing 29. Valve bodies 27 are provided on the hydrogen outlet 30 and the hydrogen inlet 26. One valve body 27 is used to open or close the hydrogen inlet 26, and the other valve body 27 is used to open or close the hydrogen outlet 30. A pressure gauge 28 is further provided on the hydrogen inlet 26, and the pressure gauge 28 is used to detect the air pressure in the first chamber. In this technical solution, the opening or closing of the hydrogen outlet 30 and the hydrogen inlet 26 is controlled by the valve bodies 27, and the air pressure in the first chamber is detected in real time by the pressure gauge 28, facilitating real-time regulation of the air pressure in the first chamber.

[0034] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet 3. The hydrogen outlet 30 is connected to a fourth gas conduit 25. A hydrogen exhaust valve 22 is provided on the fourth gas conduit 25. One end of the fourth gas conduit 25 facing away from the hydrogen outlet 30 extends outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3, and the fourth gas conduit 25 is used to discharge gas outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3. In this technical solution, during the experiment, it is necessary to purge the first chamber. When purging, the hydrogen in the first chamber is discharged outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the experiment.

[0035] Preferably, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in a laboratory. The hydrogen cylinder 6 and the nitrogen cylinder 9 are placed in an explosion-proof cabinet 3. The hydrogen gas outlet 30 is connected to a fourth gas conduit 25. A hydrogen gas exhaust valve 22 is provided on the fourth gas conduit 25. One end of the fourth gas conduit 25 facing away from the hydrogen gas outlet 30 extends outside the laboratory. The fourth gas conduit 25 is used to discharge gas outside the laboratory. In this technical solution, during the experiment, the first chamber needs to be purged with gas. When purging the gas, the hydrogen gas in the first chamber is discharged outside the laboratory, ensuring the safety of the experiment.

[0036] In some embodiments, a nitrogen gas inlet 36 and a nitrogen gas outlet 39 are provided on the second housing 35. The auxiliary electrode 37 and the reference electrode 38 are located between the nitrogen gas inlet 36 and the nitrogen gas outlet 39. A connecting pipe is provided on the nitrogen gas inlet 36, and at least a part of the connecting pipe extends into the electrolyte. In this technical solution, during the experiment, the electrolyte needs to be deoxygenated. By extending at least a part of the connecting pipe into the electrolyte, the deoxygenation effect of the electrolyte is improved.

[0037] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet 3. The nitrogen gas outlet 39 is connected to a third gas conduit 23. A nitrogen gas exhaust valve 21 is provided on the third gas conduit 23. One end of the third gas conduit 23 facing away from the nitrogen gas outlet 39 extends outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3. The third gas conduit 23 is used to discharge gas outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3. During the experiment, the electrolyte needs to be deoxygenated. During the deoxygenation process, the gas is discharged outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3 through the third gas conduit 23, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the experiment.

[0038] Preferably, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in a laboratory. The hydrogen cylinder 6 and the nitrogen cylinder 9 are placed in an explosion-proof cabinet 3. The nitrogen gas outlet 39 is connected to a third gas conduit 23. A nitrogen gas exhaust valve 21 is provided on the third gas conduit 23. One end of the third gas conduit 23 facing away from the nitrogen gas outlet 39 extends outside the laboratory. The third gas conduit 23 is used to discharge gas outside the laboratory. During the experiment, the electrolyte needs to be deoxygenated. During the deoxygenation process, the gas is discharged outside the laboratory through the third gas conduit 23, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the experiment.

[0039] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics testing device for simulating hydrogen-exposed pipe materials further includes a hydrogen gas cylinder 6. The outlet of the hydrogen gas cylinder 6 is connected to the first chamber through a second gas conduit 10. A hydrogen gas cylinder switch 5 and a hydrogen gas pressure reducing valve 4 are provided on the second gas conduit 10, and the hydrogen gas pressure reducing valve 4 adjusts the gas flow rate in the second gas conduit 10. Through the second seal 41 and the first connector 31, it is possible to ensure that the hydrogen pressure in the first chamber remains unchanged under the condition of specimen loading, and the hydrogen permeation curve can be tested in real time.

[0040] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics testing device for simulating hydrogen-exposed pipe materials further includes a nitrogen gas cylinder 9. The outlet of the nitrogen gas cylinder 9 is connected to the second chamber through a second gas conduit 10. A nitrogen gas cylinder switch 8 and a nitrogen gas pressure reducing valve 7 are provided on the second gas conduit 10, and the nitrogen gas pressure reducing valve 7 adjusts the gas flow rate in the second gas conduit 10. An electrolyte inlet is provided on the second housing 35, and a valve body is provided at the inlet, and the valve body is used to open or close the electrolyte inlet.

[0041] In the hydrogen permeation kinetics testing device for simulating hydrogen-exposed pipe materials of the present utility model, the hydrogen gas cylinder 6 and the nitrogen gas cylinder 9 are placed in the explosion-proof cabinet 3. A hydrogen gas detector 1 is installed in the explosion-proof cabinet 3. The top of the explosion-proof cabinet 3 is connected to the atmosphere through a first gas pipeline 2. Above the laboratory where the hydrogen permeation kinetics testing device of the present utility model is located, a hydrogen gas detector 1 and a fan 24 are installed. The fan 24 uses an exhaust fan, and the fan 24 continuously discharges gas to the atmosphere. A gas cylinder switch 5 and a hydrogen gas pressure reducing valve 4 are installed on the hydrogen gas cylinder 6. The hydrogen gas outlet of the hydrogen gas cylinder 6 is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet 26 of the first housing 29 through a second gas conduit 10. The hydrogen gas pressure in the hydrogen gas cylinder 6 is higher than the highest hydrogen gas pressure required for testing. A pressure gauge 28 is installed on one side of the hydrogen gas inlet 26 of the first housing 29 to monitor the internal air pressure of the first housing 29, and the gas flow rate to the first housing 29 is adjusted by adjusting the hydrogen gas pressure reducing valve 4 and the valve body 27. The valve body 27 uses a needle valve 27. The hydrogen gas outlet 30 of the first housing 29 is connected to a hydrogen gas exhaust valve 22 and is connected to the atmosphere through a fourth gas conduit 25. A nitrogen gas cylinder switch 8 and a nitrogen gas pressure reducing valve 7 are installed on the nitrogen gas cylinder 9. The nitrogen gas outlet of the nitrogen gas cylinder 9 is connected to the nitrogen gas inlet 36 of the second housing 35 through a second gas conduit 10. The nitrogen gas outlet 39 of the second housing 35 is connected to a nitrogen gas exhaust valve 21 and is connected to the atmosphere through a third gas conduit 23.

[0042] In some embodiments, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet 3. A hydrogen detector 1 is provided on the explosion-proof cabinet 3. The explosion-proof cabinet 3 is arranged in a laboratory, and the laboratory is provided with a fan 24 for delivering the air flow in the laboratory to the outside of the laboratory. A first gas pipeline 2 is further provided on the explosion-proof cabinet 3 for communicating the air inside and outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3.

[0043] Preferably, the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in a laboratory. A hydrogen detector 1 is provided in the laboratory, and a fan 24 is also provided for delivering the air flow in the laboratory to the outside of the laboratory. A first gas pipeline 2 is further provided on the explosion-proof cabinet 3 for communicating the air inside and outside the explosion-proof cabinet 3.

[0044] The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model further includes a control cabinet 14. An indicator light 19, an emergency switch 20, an environmental humidity display 13, an environmental temperature display 16, a pressure display 12, a second host 18 connected to an electrochemical workstation, and a first host 15 are provided on the control cabinet 14. The indicator light 19, the emergency switch 20, the environmental humidity display 13, the environmental temperature display 16, and the pressure display 12 are respectively connected to the first host 15 through lines. The first host 15 is a general control computer, and the second host 18 is a computer.

[0045] When using the hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes of the present utility model to measure the high-pressure gas-phase hydrogen permeation kinetics parameters of a specimen in a tensile state, it is necessary to pre-treat the specimen and nickel-plate one side, and then determine the kinetics parameters.

[0046] The pre-treatment process is as follows: pre-treat the specimen 32 such as by polishing, and keep the thickness of the specimen uniform during the polishing process. Then nickel-plate one side of the specimen to prevent the outer surface of the specimen from corroding under anodic constant potential polarization to ensure effective hydrogen permeation data.

[0047] Before the test starts, open the nitrogen cylinder switch 8 and the nitrogen pressure reducing valve 7 on the nitrogen cylinder 9, so that nitrogen enters the second chamber under the pressure difference between the nitrogen cylinder 9 and the electrolyte and is discharged from the nitrogen gas outlet 39. Nitrogen is continuously introduced during the test to remove dissolved oxygen.

[0048] Hydrogen Permeation Performance Measurement Process: The specimen 32 after nickel plating on one side is clamped between the first housing 29 and the flange 40, with the nickel-plated surface of the specimen 32 facing the second housing 35 side. The specimen 32, the first housing 29, and the second housing 35 are connected and fixed by the socket head cap screws 31, the connecting bolts 33, and the flange 40. The O-ring and the I-shaped sealing rubber ring are used for sealing. Then, the specimen 32 is installed and fixed on the tensile machine 11. Electrolyte is fed into the second housing 35. The nitrogen cylinder switch 8 on the nitrogen cylinder 9 is opened, and the nitrogen pressure reducing valve 7 is adjusted to feed nitrogen into the second chamber. Nitrogen enters the second chamber under the pressure difference between the nitrogen cylinder 9 and the electrolyte and is discharged from the nitrogen outlet 39. Nitrogen is continuously fed during the test to remove the dissolved oxygen in the electrolyte. At the same time, the specimen 32, the auxiliary electrode 37, and the reference electrode 38 are connected to the electrochemical workstation 17. After deoxygenation for 30 min, the electrochemical workstation 17 is started, and nitrogen is continuously fed into the anode cell 35 during the measurement process. The electrochemical workstation 17 is set to the constant potential mode, and the potential is set at 0.3 V relative to the reference electrode. Wait until the current captured by the electrochemical workstation 17 is less than 5×10 -8 A / cm 2 After that, the hydrogen cylinder switch 5 on the hydrogen cylinder 6 is opened, and the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 4 is adjusted to feed hydrogen into the first housing 29. After purging for 30 min, pressure is built up, and the air pressure is 0.2 - 4 MPa. The ambient temperature and humidity are recorded as the experimental test temperature. The electrochemical workstation 17 records the change of the hydrogen evolution current with time. When the steady state of hydrogen atom diffusion is established, the hydrogen evolution current reaches the maximum value I ∞ At this time, a tensile stress is applied to the specimen. The electrochemical workstation 17 continuously records the change of the hydrogen evolution current with time during the loading process of the specimen. When the preset tensile force is loaded, the loading is stopped. When the hydrogen evolution current basically does not change with time, the data recording is stopped, and the experiment ends.

[0049] Furthermore, when the pressure building is completed, the experimental environment is established. The three-electrode system adopted by the second housing 35 has the specimen as the anode and the auxiliary electrode as the cathode. When the hydrogen atoms diffusing to the specimen surface are oxidized to hydrogen ions, the electrochemical workstation can detect the current signal. The electrochemical workstation records the current between the auxiliary electrode and the specimen. The potential difference between the reference electrode and the specimen remains at 0.3 V. During purging, the hydrogen inlet and outlet are opened. During the pressure building process, the hydrogen inlet is opened and the hydrogen outlet is closed. After the pressure building is completed, the hydrogen inlet and outlet are closed.

[0050] Furthermore, hydrogen molecules in the metal high-pressure gas chamber dissociate and adsorb on the surface of the specimen. Hydrogen atoms adsorb on the surface of the specimen. Due to the difference in the concentration of hydrogen atoms on both sides of the specimen, hydrogen atoms will diffuse from the side with a high concentration to the side with a low concentration. When hydrogen atoms diffuse to the side with a low concentration, that is, the side of the specimen in contact with the anode cell electrolyte, the hydrogen atoms will be ionized into hydrogen ions under the action of the voltage difference between the reference electrode and the specimen surface. There will be a current signal between the specimen and the auxiliary electrode, and the electrochemical workstation will record this current signal.

[0051] Furthermore, the second housing 35 is connected to the electrochemical workstation 17 to apply a potential on the surface of the sample 32 to ensure that H is ionized into H+ after diffusing to the surface of the specimen in contact with the second chamber electrolyte, forming an anodic current.

[0052] In the actual operating conditions of the hydrogen-containing pipeline, it will be affected by elastic or plastic tensile stress, and the hydrogen permeation behavior will also change accordingly, which will further affect the mechanical properties of the pipeline. Therefore, it is necessary to study the hydrogen permeation behavior of the hydrogen-containing pipeline under tensile stress. The surface state of the specimen has a great influence on the gas-phase hydrogen permeation behavior. There are also significant differences in the gas-phase hydrogen permeation behavior of the same material with different specimens. Therefore, only using the same specimen can truly reflect the hydrogen permeation behavior of the hydrogen-containing pipeline under tensile stress, and it is very necessary to increase the load coupling.

[0053] Example

[0054] Measurement of hydrogen permeation of the specimen under different tensile stresses in a pure hydrogen environment: Hydrogen is located in the first housing 29, and the first chamber 29 is a hydrogen diffusion chamber; hydrogen molecules are transformed into atomic H on the surface of the specimen through physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. The anode cell constitutes a hydrogen anode chamber and is connected to the electrochemical workstation to apply a potential to ensure that H is ionized into H+ after diffusing from the inside of the specimen to the outer surface of the specimen, forming an anodic current.

[0055] Step 1: Pretreat the specimen by plating nickel on the side of the specimen in contact with the electrolyte to prevent the surface of the specimen from corroding under anodic potentiostatic polarization, so as to ensure obtaining effective hydrogen permeation data. Install the metal high-pressure gas chamber and the anode cell on the gauge section of the specimen, and install and fix the specimen in the upper and lower chucks of the tensile machine.

[0056] Step 2: Add alkaline electrolyte to the second housing 35, and install the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode on the second housing 35. Both the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode extend into the alkaline conductive solution; open the switch of the nitrogen cylinder and pass nitrogen through the nitrogen pressure reducing valve to deoxygenate the anode cell electrolyte.

[0057] Step 3: Start the electrochemical workstation, set the electrochemical workstation to the potentiostatic mode, set the potential at 0.3 V relative to the Hg / HgO electrode. After the current captured by the electrochemical workstation is less than 5×10-8 A / cm2, turn on the hydrogen cylinder switch, and introduce hydrogen into the first chamber 29 through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve for purging. After purging for 30 min, start to build pressure, and the air pressure is 0.2 - 4 MPa. Record the ambient temperature and ambient humidity, which is the experimental test temperature.

[0058] Step 4: When the hydrogen pressure detected by the pressure gauge 28 is within the preset pressure range and when the current detected by the electrochemical workstation is stable at a certain value, set the loading parameters and perform loading. The electrochemical workstation obtains the hydrogen permeation curve varying with time to characterize the influence of different tensile stresses on the hydrogen permeation coefficient.

[0059] Refer to Figure 3 as shown Figure 3 in the figure, it is the hydrogen permeation curve of X42 pipeline steel under different tensile stresses at a hydrogen pressure of 4 MPa in a pure hydrogen environment measured actually. When instantaneously loaded to 300 MPa, that is, less than the yield strength, the hydrogen permeation current decreases slightly, and then rises rapidly and tends to be stable; when instantaneously loaded to 400 MPa, that is, greater than the yield strength, the hydrogen permeation current decreases significantly, and after a period of time, the curve rises slowly and tends to be stable.

[0060] The results show that the present invention can measure the hydrogen permeation parameters of the specimen under different tensile stresses in a pure hydrogen environment, and can also measure the hydrogen permeation parameters of the specimen under different tensile stresses in a hydrogen-doped gas environment, and conduct hydrogen permeation measurement and kinetic research on the specimen under different tensile stresses in a pure hydrogen or hydrogen-doped environment.

[0061] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that on the premise of no conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above various methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen permeation kinetics testing device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes, characterized in that: Comprising: A first housing (29), the open end of the first housing (29) being in contact with one side of the specimen (32), a first chamber being formed between the first housing (29) and the specimen (32) for storing hydrogen; A second housing (35), the open end of the second housing (35) being in contact with the other side of the specimen (32), a second chamber being formed between the second housing (35) and the specimen (32) for containing electrolyte, an auxiliary electrode (37) and a reference electrode (38) being provided on the second housing (35), the auxiliary electrode (37) and the reference electrode (38) passing through the second housing (35) and extending into the second chamber, and the auxiliary electrode (37) and the reference electrode (38) being immersed in the electrolyte; A tensile machine (11), the tensile machine (11) being connected to the specimen (32) for applying a tensile force to the specimen (32).

2. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes according to claim 1, wherein: A flange (40) is provided between the open end of the second housing (35) and the specimen (32), a first connecting member (31) being provided on the side of the flange (40) facing the specimen (32), the first connecting member (31) being connected to the first housing (29), the first connecting member (31) being located at the side of the specimen, and a second seal (41) being provided between the first housing (29) and the specimen.

3. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogenated pipe materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second connecting member (33) is provided on the side of the flange (40) facing away from the specimen (32), the flange (40) being connected to the second housing (35) through the second connecting member (33), the flange (40) having a central hole, the open end of the second housing (35) being in communication with the central hole, and a first seal (34) being provided between the flange (40) and the specimen (32), on the inner peripheral wall of the flange (40), and between the flange (40) and the second housing (35).

4. A hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogenated tubing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen inlet (26) and a hydrogen outlet (30) are provided on the first housing (29), valve bodies (27) being provided on the hydrogen outlet (30) and the hydrogen inlet (26), one valve body (27) being for opening or closing the hydrogen inlet (26), the other valve body (27) being for opening or closing the hydrogen outlet (30), and a pressure gauge (28) being further provided on the hydrogen inlet (26) for detecting the air pressure in the first chamber.

5. A hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogenated pipe materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet (3), the hydrogen outlet (30) being connected to a fourth gas conduit (25), a hydrogen exhaust valve (22) being provided on the fourth gas conduit (25), the end of the fourth gas conduit (25) facing away from the hydrogen outlet (30) extending outside the explosion-proof cabinet (3), and the fourth gas conduit (25) being for exhausting gas outside the explosion-proof cabinet (3).

6. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes according to claim 1, wherein: The second housing (35) is provided with a nitrogen inlet (36) and a nitrogen outlet (39). The auxiliary electrode (37) and the reference electrode (38) are located between the nitrogen inlet (36) and the nitrogen outlet (39). A connecting pipe is provided on the nitrogen inlet (36), and at least a part of the connecting pipe extends into the electrolyte.

7. A hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-permeated pipe materials according to claim 6, wherein: The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet (3). The nitrogen outlet (39) is communicated with a third gas conduit (23). A nitrogen exhaust valve (21) is provided on the third gas conduit (23). One end of the third gas conduit (23) facing away from the nitrogen outlet (39) extends outside the explosion-proof cabinet (3), and the third gas conduit (23) is used to discharge the gas outside the explosion-proof cabinet (3).

8. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes further includes a hydrogen cylinder (6). The outlet of the hydrogen cylinder (6) is communicated with the first chamber through a second gas conduit (10). A hydrogen cylinder switch (5) and a hydrogen pressure reducing valve (4) are provided on the second gas conduit (10), and the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (4) is used to adjust the air flow rate in the second gas conduit (10).

9. A hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogenated pipe materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes further includes a nitrogen cylinder (9). The outlet of the nitrogen cylinder (9) is communicated with the second chamber through a second gas conduit (10). A nitrogen cylinder switch (8) and a nitrogen pressure reducing valve (7) are provided on the second gas conduit (10), and the nitrogen pressure reducing valve (7) is used to adjust the air flow rate in the second gas conduit (10).

10. The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen permeation kinetics test device for simulating hydrogen-containing pipes is placed in an explosion-proof cabinet (3). A hydrogen detector (1) is provided on the explosion-proof cabinet (3). The explosion-proof cabinet (3) is arranged in a laboratory. The laboratory is provided with a blower (24), and the blower (24) is used to convey the air flow in the laboratory to the outside of the laboratory. A first gas pipeline (2) is further provided on the explosion-proof cabinet (3), and the first gas pipeline (2) is used to communicate the air inside and outside the explosion-proof cabinet (3).

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