Large-frequency-ratio dual-circularly-polarized scanning antenna based on SIW slot array
Through the design based on SIW gap array, the circular polarization and scanning performance of microwave and millimeter wave bands are realized, and the problems of insufficient frequency ratio and insufficient scanning performance in the prior art are solved, and are suitable for multifunctional communication equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422386199.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-29
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the dual-frequency antennas integrating microwave and millimeter wave operating frequency bands are mostly linear polarization, with insufficient frequency ratio and insufficient millimeter wave scanning performance, making it impossible to achieve circular polarization and scanning performance in microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands at the same time.
A large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW gap array is designed, and the circular polarization and scanning performance of microwave and millimeter wave bands is achieved through the combination of interlaced grid-like patch arrays, dipole arrays and millimeter wave SIW gap array patches. The excitation signal is coupled to the interlaced grid-like patch array for radiation using the structure of microwave feed probes and metal floors.
It realizes circular polarization performance in microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands, with a scanning angle of up to 40 deg, with a large frequency ratio and a compact structure, and is suitable for multifunctional and lightweight communication equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223124216U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to a large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array. Background Art
[0002] Both terrestrial mobile communication and satellite communication contain a large number of microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. With the continuous development of communication devices towards multi-functionality, light weight and miniaturization, the space for placing antennas is continuously compressed. The use of a cross-band integrated antenna that can work simultaneously in the microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands can not only meet the requirements of different scenarios, but also effectively alleviate the space problem of coexistence of microwave antennas and millimeter wave antennas.
[0003] At the same time, compared with linear polarization antennas, circular polarization antennas can provide a stable link between transmitting and receiving antennas, have the ability to improve multipath distortion and polarization mismatch, and have important applications in the fields of wireless communication, radar, electronic reconnaissance and electronic interference. Therefore, how to design a dual-frequency circular polarization antenna that can work simultaneously in the microwave band and the millimeter wave band has become an important topic in the communication field.
[0004] However, in terms of the related dual-frequency antenna technologies and structures for microwave and millimeter wave operating bands that have been disclosed, there are still the following several problems.
[0005] 1. The polarization modes of dual-frequency antennas integrating microwave and millimeter wave operating bands are all linear polarization, and the operating frequency ratio of dual-frequency circular polarization antennas is not large enough to work simultaneously in the microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands.
[0006] 2. Dual-frequency antennas integrating microwave and millimeter wave operating bands do not consider the scanning performance of millimeter waves, and almost no dual-frequency antennas can scan in the millimeter wave band. Summary of the Utility Model
[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array. The antenna is a dual-frequency antenna with a compact structure and scanability that integrates microwave and millimeter wave operating bands, and can achieve circular polarization performance simultaneously in the microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands.
[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present utility model is: a large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on a SIW slot array, including a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, an interleaved grid patch array, a dipole array, a microwave feeding patch, a millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch, a metal through-hole, a microwave feeding probe, and a metal floor; the upper surface of the first dielectric plate is printed with an interleaved grid patch array, a dipole array, and a microwave feeding patch; the second dielectric plate is located directly below the first dielectric plate, and a distance is maintained between the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate to form an air cavity; the upper surface of the second dielectric plate is printed with a millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch, and interleaved millimeter-wave SIW slots are formed on the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch, and one millimeter-wave SIW slot corresponds to one dipole of the dipole array, and the center of each millimeter-wave SIW slot coincides with the center of its corresponding dipole, and the linear polarization radiation of the millimeter-wave SIW slot is converted into circular polarization radiation through the dipole to achieve the circular polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band; a metal floor is provided on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, and a feeding circular hole for the microwave feeding probe to pass through is etched on the metal floor; the microwave feeding probe is connected to the microwave feeding patch to couple the excitation signal to the interleaved grid patch array to excite the interleaved grid patch array to radiate, forming a patch antenna structure operating in the microwave band.
[0009] Preferably, the interleaved grid patch array includes a plurality of square grid units arranged in a periodic array, and the outer frame line width of the interleaved grid patch array is half of the line width of the internal square grid units.
[0010] Preferably, the four corners of the interleaved grid patch array are chamfered to form a perturbation to achieve microwave circular polarization.
[0011] Preferably, the dipole array is an n×n array, and there is one dipole in each square grid unit of the interleaved grid patch array. Each dipole is on a diagonal line of the square grid unit, and the center of the dipole coincides with the center of its corresponding square grid unit.
[0012] Preferably, the dipole array and the interleaved grid patch array are nested with each other.
[0013] Preferably, the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch is an n×n slot array, independently fed by n millimeter-wave feeding ports, that is, one column of slots is independently fed by one millimeter-wave feeding port, and there is a phase difference between two adjacent millimeter-wave feeding ports and they are excited simultaneously to achieve the linear polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band, and then through the polarization conversion of the dipole array, the circular polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band is achieved.
[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the microwave feeding probe sequentially passes through the metal floor, the second dielectric plate, and the first dielectric plate and is electrically connected to the microwave feeding patch; the microwave feeding patch couples the excitation signal to the interleaved grid patch array to excite the patch radiation mode of the interleaved grid patch array, realizing radiation in the microwave band.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. The present invention integrates two structures operating at different frequency bands into a composite radiation structure by exciting the upper polarization surface.
[0017] 2. The present invention converts a linearly polarized antenna into a circularly polarized antenna through a simple polarization rotation dipole, and uses the phase difference between the set ports for beam control to achieve a large-angle circular polarization scan of millimeter waves, with a scan angle of about 40deg. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 is a top surface structure diagram of the first dielectric plate in the embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 is a structure diagram of the millimeter wave SIW slot array patch, metal through hole, and metal floor in the embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 4 is an S-parameter simulation result diagram of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna.
[0022] Figure 5 is a simulation result diagram of the axial ratio and gain of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna in the millimeter wave band.
[0023] Figure 6 is a simulation result diagram of the axial ratio and gain of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna in the microwave band.
[0024] Figure 7 is a simulation result diagram of the radiation pattern of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna at 25 GHz in the millimeter wave band.
[0025] Figure 8 is a simulation result diagram of the radiation pattern of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna at 3.2 GHz in the microwave band.
[0026] Figure 9 is an array beam and axial ratio diagram of the large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna at 24.9 GHz. Detailed implementation manners
[0027] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the implementation manners of the present utility model are not limited thereto.
[0028] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment discloses a large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on a SIW slot array, which includes a first dielectric plate 11, a second dielectric plate 12, an interleaved grid-shaped patch array 21, a dipole array 22, a microwave feeding patch 3, a millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch 4, a metal through-hole 5, a microwave feeding probe 6 and a metal floor 7; an interleaved grid-shaped patch array 21, a dipole array 22 and a microwave feeding patch 3 are printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 11; the second dielectric plate 12 is located directly below the first dielectric plate 11, and a distance is maintained between the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12 to form an air cavity; a millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch 4 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 12, and interleaved millimeter-wave SIW slots 41 are formed on the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch 4, and one millimeter-wave SIW slot 41 corresponds to one dipole 221 of the dipole array 22, and the center of each millimeter-wave SIW slot 41 coincides with the center of its corresponding dipole 221, and the linear polarization radiation of the millimeter-wave SIW slot 41 is converted into circular polarization radiation through the dipole 221 to achieve the circular polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band; a metal floor 7 is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 12, and a feeding round hole for the microwave feeding probe 6 to pass through is etched on the metal floor 7; the upper end of the microwave feeding probe 6 sequentially passes through the metal floor 7, the second dielectric plate 12 and the first dielectric plate 11 and is electrically connected to the microwave feeding patch 3, and the microwave feeding patch 3 couples the excitation signal to the interleaved grid-shaped patch array 21 to excite the patch radiation mode of the interleaved grid-shaped patch array 21 to achieve radiation in the microwave band and form a patch antenna structure operating in the microwave band.
[0029] As Figure 2As shown, the interleaved grid patch array 21 includes a number of square grid cells arranged in a periodic array. The outer border line width of the interleaved grid patch array 21 is half of the line width of the internal square grid cells. The four corners of the interleaved grid patch array 21 are chamfered to form perturbations to achieve microwave circular polarization. The second dielectric plate 12 and the interleaved grid patch array 21 form a microwave circular polarization radiation unit, and the microwave circular polarization radiation unit is coupled and fed by the microwave feeding patch 3. The dipole array 22 is a 6×6 array. There is a dipole 221 in each square grid cell of the interleaved grid patch array 21. Each dipole 221 is on a diagonal line of the square grid cell, and the center of the dipole 221 coincides with the center of its corresponding square grid cell. The dipole array 22 and the interleaved grid patch array 21 are nested with each other to form a polarization converter for millimeter waves.
[0030] As Figure 3 As shown, the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch 4 is a 6×6 slot array, independently fed by 6 millimeter-wave feeding ports 42, that is, a column of slots is independently fed by a millimeter-wave feeding port 42. There is a phase difference between two adjacent millimeter-wave feeding ports 42 and they are simultaneously excited to achieve the linear polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band. Then, through the polarization conversion of the dipole array 22, the circular polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band is achieved. By changing the phase difference between the millimeter-wave feeding ports 42, the beam control in the millimeter-wave band is realized to form a scanable millimeter-wave circular polarization array. The second dielectric plate 12, the metal floor 7, the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch 4, the first dielectric plate 11, the dipole array 22 and the interleaved grid patch array 21 form a millimeter-wave circular polarization radiation unit.
[0031] Specifically, the length and width of the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12 are both 46 mm, and the thickness is both 0.508 mm. The material is Rogers5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent is 0.0009. The length and width of the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch 4 are 41.9 mm and 336 mm respectively; the length and width of the millimeter-wave slot are 4 mm and 0.45 mm respectively. The length and width of the microwave feeding patch 3 are 25 mm and 2 mm respectively. The length and width of the dipole 221 of the composed dipole array 22 are 3.2 mm and 1.5 mm respectively. The length and width of the square grid cells of the hollow part of the interleaved grid patch array 21 are both 4.8 mm. The height of the air cavity between the first dielectric plate 11 and the second dielectric plate 12 is 2.5 mm.
[0032] As Figure 4As shown, the simulated and measured S-parameters of the above-mentioned large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna of this embodiment are given. The impedance bandwidths with |S11| < -10 dB for the two operating frequency bands are 4.3% (3.15 GHz - 3.29 GHz) and 3.6% (24.6 GHz - 25.5 GHz).
[0033] As Figure 5 shown, the simulated and measured axial ratio and gain performance of the above-mentioned large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna of this embodiment in the millimeter wave band are given. When operating in the millimeter wave band, the measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 2.68% (24.83 - 25.5 GHz). The measured peak gain at 25.5 GHz is 19.5 dBic.
[0034] As Figure 6 shown, the simulated results of the axial ratio and gain of the above-mentioned large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna of this embodiment in the microwave band are given. When operating in the microwave band, the measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 0.63% (3.18 - 3.2 GHz), and the measured peak gain at 3.18 GHz is 8.18 dBic.
[0035] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the simulated results of the radiation patterns of the above-mentioned large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna of this embodiment in the 25 GHz millimeter wave band and the 3.2 GHz microwave band are given respectively.
[0036] As Figure 9 shown, the beam and axial ratio of the circular polarization antenna array of the above-mentioned large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna of this embodiment at 24.9 GHz are given. It can be seen that within the scanning angle range of (0°, 40°), all beams satisfy a gain drop of within 3 dB, and the axial ratio is less than 3 dB.
[0037] As described above, the above are only the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A large frequency ratio dual circularly polarized scanning antenna based on SIW slot array, characterized in that It includes a first dielectric plate (11), a second dielectric plate (12), an interleaved grid patch array (21), a dipole array (22), a microwave feeding patch (3), a millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch (4), a metal via (5), a microwave feeding probe (6), and a metal ground plane (7); on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (11), the interleaved grid patch array (21), the dipole array (22), and the microwave feeding patch (3) are printed; the second dielectric plate (12) is located directly below the first dielectric plate (11), and a distance is maintained between the first dielectric plate (11) and the second dielectric plate (12) to form an air cavity; on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate (12), the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch (4) is printed, and interleaved millimeter-wave SIW slots (41) are formed on the millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch (4), and one millimeter-wave SIW slot (41) corresponds to one dipole (221) of the dipole array (22), and the center of each millimeter-wave SIW slot (41) coincides with the center of its respective corresponding dipole (221). The linear polarization radiation of the millimeter-wave SIW slot (41) is converted into circular polarization radiation through the dipole (221) to achieve the circular polarization scanning performance in the millimeter-wave band; a metal ground plane (7) is provided on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (12), and a feeding round hole for the microwave feeding probe (6) to pass through is etched on the metal ground plane (7); the microwave feeding probe (6) is connected to the microwave feeding patch (3) to couple the excitation signal to the interleaved grid patch array (21) to excite the interleaved grid patch array (21) to radiate, forming a patch antenna structure operating in the microwave band.
2. The large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interleaved grid patch array (21) includes a number of square grid units arranged in a periodic array, and the outer border line width of the interleaved grid patch array (21) is half of the line width of the internal square grid units.
3. The dual-circularly polarized scanning antenna with a large frequency ratio based on SIW slot array according to claim 2, characterized in that, The four corners of the interleaved grid patch array (21) are chamfered to form perturbations to achieve microwave circular polarization.
4. A large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dipole array (22) is an n×n array, and there is one dipole (221) in each square grid unit of the interleaved grid patch array (21). Each dipole (221) is on a diagonal line of the square grid unit, and the center of the dipole (221) coincides with the center of its respective corresponding square grid unit.
5. A large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array according to claim 4, characterized in that The dipole array (22) and the interleaved grid patch array (21) are nested with each other.
6. A large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array according to claim 5, characterized in that The millimeter-wave SIW slot array patch (4) is an n×n slot array, independently fed by n millimeter-wave feeding ports (42), that is, one column of slots is independently fed by one millimeter-wave feeding port (42), and there is a phase difference between two adjacent millimeter-wave feeding ports (42).
7. A large frequency ratio dual circular polarization scanning antenna based on SIW slot array according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper end of the microwave feeding probe (6) sequentially passes through the metal ground plane (7), the second dielectric plate (12), and the first dielectric plate (11) and is electrically connected to the microwave feeding patch (3).