24GHz frequency band array directional antenna

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of planar antennas, and discloses a 24 GHz frequency band array directional antenna, which comprises a substrate, a radiation patch is arranged on the end face of one side of the substrate, and a ground plane is arranged on the end face of the other side of the substrate; the radiation patch comprises a plurality of radiation units arranged in an array on the same plane and a power divider connected with the plurality of radiation units, the power divider comprises a connection section connected with at least two groups of radiation patches, and a feed section extending along the plane of the substrate and connected with an external power supply, and the connection section is connected with at least two groups of radiation patches. And the end part of the feed section is bent towards the grounding surface to form a feed point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a 24GHz band array directional antenna. Background Technique

[0002] With the refinement of wireless detection demand scenarios, the requirements for wireless detection sensors have gradually become diversified, and the market share of civilian consumer-grade high-frequency radar detectors has expanded. The design requirements for the component that has the greatest impact on radar performance - the antenna - are also getting higher and higher. For special application scenarios, researchers and consumers hope that the energy radiated and received by the radar antenna comes from one or several directions as much as possible. Thus, various antenna design methods for controlling the far-field radiation gain direction of the radar antenna have emerged.

[0003] Among them, the array directional antenna is often used as a radar antenna. The array directional antenna refers to an antenna that emits and receives electromagnetic waves particularly strongly in one or several specific directions, while emitting and receiving electromagnetic waves in other directions is zero or extremely small. The purpose of using a directional transmitting antenna is to increase the effective utilization rate of radiation power and increase confidentiality; the main purpose of using a directional receiving antenna is to enhance the signal strength and increase the anti-interference ability. The flat panel antenna is a common structural type in flat panel antennas. The flat panel antenna is generally used in point-to-point situations and is often called a "patch antenna" at the same time. There are several types of flat panel antennas such as oscillator type and slot type. Their common characteristics are small volume, light weight, small wind resistance, convenient installation and use; the built-in high-frequency head integrates the antenna and the high-frequency head, which is convenient for adjustment; the flat panel antenna has higher efficiency and is particularly suitable for the reception of direct broadcast satellite television.

[0004] Generally, the 24GHz band directional antennas are mostly PCB microstrip antennas, and the boards used are generally high-frequency boards of major well-known manufacturers, with a relatively thin stack thickness and a relatively large number of electrical layers. Although the accuracy is higher and the wiring is more convenient, the processing is difficult, the material cost is relatively high, the bandwidth is lower, and it is more sensitive to temperature and humidity, and it is not suitable for occasions with a relatively low cost of a single device. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a 24GHz band array directional antenna to achieve high gain at a relatively low cost.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a 24GHz band array directional antenna, which includes a substrate, a radiation patch is arranged on one end face of the substrate, and a ground plane is arranged on the other end face;

[0008] The radiation patch includes a number of radiation units arranged in an array on the same plane, and a power divider connecting the radiation units. The power divider includes a connection section connecting at least two sets of radiation patches, each set including at least two radiation patches, and a feeding section extending along the plane of the substrate and connecting to an external power supply. The end of the feeding section is bent towards the ground plane to form a feeding point.

[0009] Combined with the first aspect, the present invention provides the first implementation manner of the first aspect. The plane where the feeding point is located is parallel to the thickness plane of the substrate. A channel is provided on the thickness plane of the substrate, which penetrates from the end face to the feeding point. The ANT port of the external power supply passes through the channel and is connected to the feeding point.

[0010] Combined with the first aspect, the present invention provides the second implementation manner of the first aspect. A connection hole vertically communicating with the feeding point is provided on the end face of the substrate where the ground plane is located. The ground plane is provided with a hole for avoidance at the opening of the connection hole. The inner core of the ANT port of the external power supply passes through the connection hole and is connected to the feeding point, and the outer layer material of the ANT port of the external power supply is connected to the ground plane.

[0011] Combined with the first aspect or several implementation manners of the first aspect, the present invention provides the third implementation manner of the first aspect. An impedance extension line is provided at the connection between at least one radiation patch and the power divider, and the impedance extension line is shortened or lengthened by a fixed length d value.

[0012] Combined with the third implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect. A half-wave phase shifter is provided at the connection between at least one radiation patch and the power divider.

[0013] Combined with the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect. The radiation patch includes two sets of four radiation units, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs. The feeding section of the power divider branches out two connection sections from the end to connect the two sets of radiation units respectively;

[0014] One of the radiation units in each group is connected to the connection end through a half-wave phase shifter, and the other is connected to the connection end through an impedance extension line.

[0015] Combined with the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect. The substrate is a square plate with a side length of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.6 - 0.7 mm. The half-wave phase shifter and the impedance extension line are both strip-shaped sheets with a width of 0.5 - 0.6 mm. The width of the connection end of the power divider is 0.3 - 0.4 mm, and the width of the feeding section of the power divider is 0.20 - 0.25 mm.

[0016] Combined with the sixth embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the fixed length d value of the impedance extension line is 4 - 4.5 mm.

[0017] Combined with the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides an eighth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the thicknesses of the radiation patch and the ground plane are both 0.04 - 0.05 mm, the thickness of the substrate is 0.6 - 0.7 mm, and the dielectric constant DK is 2.94.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The present invention is a thick dielectric array directional antenna in the 24 GHz band with low cost, high gain, good pattern effect, and wider bandwidth. It is based on an antenna feed point, a top - layer radiation unit, a microstrip phase shifter, an impedance extension line, a microstrip power divider, a bottom - layer radiation plate, and a dielectric layer with a specific dielectric constant and thickness. It is applicable to low - cost 24 GHz wireless communication and detection devices, with small size, high gain, good directivity, and low cost. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the top view of the array directional antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the side view of the array directional antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the perspective axonometric view of the array directional antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the test impedance circle diagram of the antenna with corresponding dimensions in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the test return loss diagram of the antenna with corresponding dimensions in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the test far - field gain diagram of the antenna with corresponding dimensions in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is the test far - field gain E - plane and H - plane diagram of the antenna with corresponding dimensions in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is the test far - field gain E - plane and H - plane circle diagram of the antenna with corresponding dimensions in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 is the test far - field gain cone - cut diagram of the antenna with corresponding dimensions in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1 - substrate, 2 - radiation patch, 3 - ground plane, 4 - radiation unit, 5 - half - wave phase shifter, 6 - impedance extension line, 7 - power divider, 8 - feeding point. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] The following further explains the present utility model in conjunction with the attached drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Components of the embodiments of the present application usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. In addition, in the description of the present application, if terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used only for distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In addition, in the description of the present application, if terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" are used, it does not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] This embodiment discloses a directional antenna in the 24 GHz frequency band, specifically a microstrip patch array antenna structure, including a substrate 1 made of FR4 in the shape of a square. The substrate 1 includes two end faces and four thickness faces. A ground plane 3 that completely covers is attached to one of the end faces, and the ground plane 3 is formed by pasting a relatively thin copper material patch.

[0039] A radiation patch 2 with the same thickness and the same material as the ground plane 3 is attached to the other end face. Feeding is achieved by connecting the inner core of the external signal line ANT port to the radiation patch 2, and the outer layer of the ANT port is connected to the ground plane 3.

[0040] The radiation patch 2 includes a plurality of radiation units 4 and a power divider 7. The power divider 7 is used to connect a plurality of radiation units 4 and the inner core of the external signal ANT port. In this embodiment, the radiation units 4 are arranged in an array in pairs on the surface of the substrate 1. The power divider 7 includes a plurality of connection segments and a separate feeding segment. Each radiation unit 4 is connected through the connection segments, and feeding is achieved through the feeding segment.

[0041] Furthermore, the feeding segment is a long strip structure extending on the plane of the substrate 1, and the end of the feeding segment is bent towards the ground plane 3 to form a feeding point 8.

[0042] As an implementation manner, the plane where the feeding point 8 is located is parallel to the thickness face of the substrate 1. A channel is provided on the thickness face of the substrate 1 that penetrates from the end face to the feeding point 8, and the ANT port of the external power supply passes through the channel and is connected to the feeding point 8.

[0043] As an implementation manner, a connection hole that vertically communicates with the feeding point 8 is provided on the end face of the substrate 1 where the ground plane 3 is provided. The ground plane 3 is provided with a hole for avoidance at the opening of the connection hole. The inner core of the ANT port of the external power supply passes through the connection hole and is connected to the feeding point 8, and the outer layer material of the ANT port of the external power supply is connected to the ground plane 3.

[0044] Both of the above two methods can meet the feeding requirements, but will be set according to the needs. For example, after the feeding point 8 extends to one side of the edge of the substrate 1, a feeding surface with a shorter distance from the surface of the thickness plane is formed. Therefore, at this time, a hole or a groove can be opened on the thickness plane to achieve side feeding. If the feeding section of the power divider 7 is short and the feeding point 8 at the bending part is in the middle of the substrate 1, at this time, opening a hole on the thickness plane with a smaller size has poor stability and high processing difficulty, then direct feeding can be achieved by drilling a hole from the back.

[0045] Furthermore, an impedance extension line 6 is provided at the connection between at least one radiation patch 2 and the power divider 7, and the impedance extension line 6 is shortened or lengthened with a fixed length d value. And a half-wave phase shifter 5 is provided at the connection between at least one radiation patch 2 and the power divider 7.

[0046] Referring to Figures 1-3 , the structural diagram of the antenna in this embodiment is shown in the figure. The radiation patch 2 includes two groups of four radiation units 4 that are symmetrically arranged in pairs, and two connection segments are respectively branched from the end of the feeding section of the power divider 7 to connect the two groups of radiation units 4; one in each group of radiation units 4 is connected to the connection end through a half-wave phase shifter 5, and the other is connected to the connection end through an impedance extension line 6.

[0047] The substrate 1 of the antenna is a square plate with a side length of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.6 - 0.7 mm. The half-wave phase shifter 5 and the impedance extension line 6 are both strip-shaped sheets with a width of 0.5 - 0.6 mm. The width of the connection end of the power divider 7 is 0.3 - 0.4 mm, and the width of the feeding section of the power divider 7 is 0.20 - 0.25 mm. The fixed length d value of the impedance extension line 6 is 4 - 4.5 mm. The thicknesses of both the radiation patch 2 and the ground plane 3 are 0.04 - 0.05 mm, the thickness of the substrate 1 is 0.6 - 0.7 mm, and the dielectric constant DK is 2.94.

[0048] Based on the antenna structure made according to the above dimensions for simulation testing, the specific results are as Figures 4-9 shown.

[0049] Among them, as Figure 4 shown, the normalized impedance at 24 GHz is 1.0183 + 0.144i, which is relatively well matched with the 50 Ohm standard impedance.

[0050] As Figure 5 shown, the part where the S11 echo is lower than -10 dB is considered as the passband of the antenna, which is 23.41 - 25.7 GHz, and the absolute bandwidth is 2.29 GHz.

[0051] As Figures 6-8 shown, the maximum gain of the antenna in the main gain direction is about 12.2 dB, and the minimum lobe width at the -3 dB level is 28 degrees.

[0052] Figure 9 As can be seen, the maximum gain surface of the antenna conical cut diagram is very round, and the gain is 11.7 dB for all.

[0053] The present utility model is not limited to the above optional embodiments, and any person can obtain other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present utility model. The above specific embodiments should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model should be defined by the claims, and the description can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. A 24GHz band array directional antenna, characterized in that: It includes a substrate (1), with a radiation patch (2) provided on one end face of the substrate (1) and a ground plane (3) provided on the other end face; The radiation patch (2) includes a plurality of radiation units (4) arranged in an array on the same plane, and a power divider (7) connecting the plurality of radiation units (4). The power divider (7) includes a connection segment connecting at least two groups of radiation patches (2), each group including at least two radiation patches (2), and a feeding segment extending along the plane of the substrate (1) and connecting to an external power supply. The end of the feeding segment is bent towards the ground plane (3) to form a feeding point (8).

2. The 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plane where the feeding point (8) is located is parallel to the thickness plane of the substrate (1). A channel is provided on the thickness plane of the substrate (1) that penetrates from the end face to the feeding point (8). The ANT port of the external power supply passes through the channel and is connected to the feeding point (8).

3. The 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: On the end face of the substrate (1) where the ground plane (3) is provided, there is a connection hole vertically communicating with the feeding point (8). The ground plane (3) is provided with a hole for avoidance at the opening of the connection hole. The inner core of the ANT port of the external power supply passes through the connection hole and is connected to the feeding point (8), and the outer layer material of the ANT port of the external power supply is connected to the ground plane (3).

4. A 24GHz band array directional antenna according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that: An impedance extension line (6) is provided at the connection between at least one radiation patch (2) and the power divider (7), and the impedance extension line (6) is shortened or lengthened by a fixed length d value.

5. The 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: A half-wave phase shifter (5) is provided at the connection between at least one radiation patch (2) and the power divider (7).

6. The 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The radiation patch (2) includes two groups of four radiation units (4) that are symmetrically arranged in pairs. The feeding segment of the power divider (7) branches out two connection segments from the end to connect the two groups of radiation units (4) respectively; One of the radiation units (4) in each group is connected to the connection end through a half-wave phase shifter (5), and the other is connected to the connection end through an impedance extension line (6).

7. A 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The substrate (1) is a square plate with a side length of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.6 - 0.7 mm. Both the half-wave phase shifter (5) and the impedance extension line (6) are strip-shaped sheets with a width of 0.5 - 0.6 mm. The width of the connection end of the power divider (7) is 0.3 - 0.4 mm, and the width of the feeding segment of the power divider (7) is 0.20 - 0.25 mm.

8. A 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed length d value of the impedance extension line (6) is 4 - 4.5 mm.

9. A 24GHz band array directional antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thicknesses of both the radiation patch (2) and the ground plane (3) are 0.04 - 0.05 mm, the thickness of the substrate (1) is 0.6 - 0.7 mm, and the dielectric constant DK is 2.94.

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