Solar cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar cell string and a photovoltaic assembly, a solar cell comprises a cell body, the cell body comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, and the first surface is provided with a first edge and a second edge which are oppositely arranged along a first direction; the first electrode is arranged on the first surface, the first electrode extends in the second direction and is close to the first edge, and the second direction intersects with the first direction; the first electrode is discontinuous in the second direction, a first disconnection part is formed at the discontinuous position, a first bending part is formed at the position of the first disconnection part, and the first bending part extends towards the middle part of the battery body along the first direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of the present utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and particularly relates to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Based on the structural characteristics of solar cells, the edges of solar cells are prone to form hidden cracks under stress. Therefore, the end portion of the interconnection strip located inside the solar cell needs to be misaligned with the edge of the solar cell to reserve a certain gap. However, this will cause the current collected by the fine grid located in this gap to be unable to be effectively led out. Especially for solar cells without main grids, this defect is particularly obvious.

[0003] Based on the above defects, in order to solve the problem of current collection at the edges of solar cells, a local main grid can be printed in this gap, and the main grid is connected to the fine grids of the same polarity to collect the current collected by the fine grids.

[0004] However, this method requires printing the main grid through an additional printing process. Therefore, the process is relatively cumbersome, and the main grid too close to the edge of the solar cell may also cause the solar cell to form hidden cracks. Therefore, how to provide a battery string and a photovoltaic module that do not require printing a main grid at the edge of the solar cell and can effectively collect the current at the edge of the solar cell has become a technical problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] To solve the above and at least one other technical problem in the prior art, the present utility model provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. By designing the shape of the electrode located at the edge of the solar cell, the gap formed between the interconnection strip and the edge of the battery body is compensated to collect the edge current of the solar cell.

[0006] An embodiment of the present utility model provides a solar cell, including a battery body. The battery body includes opposite first and second surfaces, and the first surface has a first side and a second side oppositely arranged along a first direction; and a first electrode disposed on the first surface. The first electrode extends along a second direction and is close to the first side, and the second direction intersects the first direction; the first electrode is discontinuous in the second direction, and a first disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position, and a first bending portion is formed at the position of the first disconnection portion. The first bending portion extends along the first direction towards the middle of the battery body.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a second electrode that is adjacent to and spaced apart from the first electrode. The second electrode extends along the second direction and is farther from the first side than the first electrode. The second electrode is discontinuous in the second direction, and a second disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position. The first bending portion passes through the second disconnection portion.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a third electrode that extends along the second direction. The third electrode is closer to the first side than the first electrode. The third electrode is provided with an extension portion that extends along the first direction. The extension portion passes through the first disconnection portion and is located between two opposite first bending portions.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the third electrode and the second electrode have the same polarity.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a first doped semiconductor portion is provided between the first electrode and the battery body. Moreover, a second doped semiconductor portion is provided between the second electrode and the third electrode and the battery body. Wherein, the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion are spaced apart along the first direction and have opposite conduction types.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, both the first doped semiconductor portion and the second doped semiconductor portion include a main body portion that extends along the first direction and finger portions that are connected to the main body portion. Wherein, the first bending portion is provided on the first finger portion of the first doped semiconductor portion, the extension portion is provided on the second finger portion of the second doped semiconductor portion, and a spacer region is provided between the first finger portion and the second finger portion.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the first doped semiconductor portion and the battery body have the same conduction type, and the second doped semiconductor portion and the battery body have opposite conduction types.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a fourth electrode provided on the first surface. The fourth electrode extends along the second direction and is close to the second side. The fourth electrode is discontinuous in the second direction, and a third disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position. A second bending portion is formed at the position of the third disconnection portion, and the second bending portion extends toward the middle of the battery body along the first direction.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the first disconnection portion and the third disconnection portion are misaligned in the first direction.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a fifth electrode that is adjacent to and spaced apart from the above-mentioned fourth electrode. The above-mentioned fifth electrode extends along the above-mentioned second direction and is farther from the above-mentioned second side than the above-mentioned fourth electrode; the above-mentioned fifth electrode is discontinuous in the above-mentioned second direction, and a fourth disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position, and the above-mentioned second bending portion passes through the above-mentioned fourth disconnection portion.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, a first doped semiconductor portion is provided between the above-mentioned first electrode and the battery body, and a second doped semiconductor portion is provided between the above-mentioned fourth electrode and the battery body; wherein, the above-mentioned first doped semiconductor portion and the above-mentioned second doped semiconductor portion are spaced apart along the above-mentioned first direction and have opposite conductivity types.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the above-mentioned first doped semiconductor portion is provided between the above-mentioned fifth electrode and the battery body.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a joint portion, and the above-mentioned first bending portion is connected to the joint portion.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, at least two of the above-mentioned first electrodes near the above-mentioned first side are provided with the above-mentioned first bending portion.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a plurality of sixth electrodes, the above-mentioned sixth electrodes are farther from the above-mentioned first side than the above-mentioned first electrode, and the above-mentioned sixth electrodes are continuous.

[0021] An embodiment of the present utility model further provides a photovoltaic module, including at least one solar cell and an interconnection bar, and the above-mentioned interconnection bar is electrically connected to the first electrode.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the above-mentioned first bending portion and / or the second bending portion are connected to one end of the above-mentioned interconnection bar located inside the solar cell.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, an end portion of the above-mentioned interconnection bar located inside the solar cell forms a protrusion, the above-mentioned protrusion extends along the second direction and protrudes from at least one side of the above-mentioned interconnection bar, and the above-mentioned first bending portion is connected to the above-mentioned protrusion.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, an extension portion of the third electrode of the above-mentioned solar cell extends toward the above-mentioned interconnection bar and is electrically isolated from the above-mentioned interconnection bar.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the distance between the end portion of the above-mentioned interconnection bar located inside the solar cell and the first side and / or the second side is 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters.

[0026] According to the solar cell and photovoltaic module provided by the present utility model, the first bending portion formed on the first electrode extends from the edge of the battery body towards the middle of the battery body. The position where the first electrode can be connected to the circuit is closer to the middle of the solar cell, and is used to compensate for the gap between the end portion of the interconnection bar located within the battery body and the edge of the battery body when the solar cell is connected to the circuit. On the basis of maintaining the distance of the gap formed between the interconnection bar and the edge of the solar cell, the current collected by the first electrode located at the edge of the battery body is collected by the interconnection bar. In this way, only by designing the shape of the electrode, the problem of collecting the edge current of the solar cell is solved. Since there is no need to print the main grid, accordingly, the corresponding printing process is also simplified and the manufacturing cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic view from a top perspective of a photovoltaic module according to another exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, showing a solar cell;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic view of a part of the first electrode of the shown exemplary embodiment provided with a first bending portion;

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partially enlarged view of the shown exemplary embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line A1-A1 of the shown exemplary embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic view of a part of the fourth electrode of the shown exemplary embodiment provided with a second bending portion;

[0032] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a partially enlarged view of the shown exemplary embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line B1-B1 of the shown exemplary embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 is Figure 1 a state diagram of the first bending portion and the joint portion being joined in the shown exemplary embodiment.

[0035] In the said drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are specifically as follows:

[0036] 1. Battery body;

[0037] 2. Second electrode;

[0038] 21. Second disconnection part;

[0039] 3. First electrode;

[0040] 31. First bending part;

[0041] 4. Third electrode;

[0042] 41. Extension part;

[0043] 5. Fourth electrode;

[0044] 51. Second bending part;

[0045] 6. Fifth electrode;

[0046] 61. Fourth disconnection part;

[0047] 7. Interconnection bar;

[0048] 71. Protrusion part;

[0049] 8. Sixth electrode;

[0050] 9. Joint part;

[0051] 10. Interface passivation layer;

[0052] 11. First conductive layer;

[0053] 12. First doped semiconductor part;

[0054] 13. Insulating layer;

[0055] 14. Second conductive layer;

[0056] 15. Second doped semiconductor part;

[0057] 16. Insulating strip;

[0058] 17. Spacer;

[0059] 18. Interface layer;

[0060] 19. First passivation layer;

[0061] 20. Second passivation layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0062] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present utility model in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0063] The terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The terms "comprising", "including" and the like used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0064] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0065] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art. For example, a "system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but not be limited to, a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc. In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art. For example, a "system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include, but not be limited to, a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.

[0066] For a heterojunction back contact cell (i.e., an HBC cell), both the positive electrode and the negative electrode are disposed on the back surface of the solar cell to reduce the coverage area of the metal electrodes on the front surface of the solar cell, and it has a relatively high energy conversion efficiency. In a heterojunction back contact cell, the positive electrode and the negative electrode arranged in a finger-like form need to be connected in series with other solar cells through an interconnecting strip (which can also be called a solder ribbon) to form a battery string.

[0067] Based on the structural characteristics of the solar cell, the part closer to the edge of the solar cell is more likely to generate hidden cracks under stress. Therefore, when welding the interconnecting strip to the solar cell, a certain gap needs to be reserved between the end of the interconnecting strip located inside the solar cell and the edge of the adjacent solar cell to reduce the risk of hidden cracks in the solar cell. However, this will cause the current collected by the electrodes located in this gap to not be effectively led out. Especially for a cell without main grid (i.e., a 0BB cell), this defect is particularly obvious.

[0068] To solve the problem of current collection at the edge of a solar cell, currently, a main grid covering the above-mentioned gap is additionally printed at the edge of the solar cell. The main grid is connected to the sub-grid with the same polarity in the gap, so as to collect the current converged by this part of the sub-grid. Moreover, considering the current collection effect, the main grid mostly uses a material with good conductivity, such as silver. For this reason, a relatively high cost is also incurred. On this basis, although other alloys (such as alloys formed by at least two of copper Cu, nickel Ni, aluminum Al, tin Sn or other metals) can be used to replace the silver paste as the material for printing the main grid, the current collection effect is correspondingly reduced, and the problem of complex process cannot be solved.

[0069] In view of this, how to provide a battery string that does not require printing a main grid at the edge of a solar cell and can effectively collect the current at the edge of the solar cell has become a technical problem to be solved urgently.

[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of a photovoltaic module according to another schematic embodiment of the present invention, showing a solar cell. Figure 2 is Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a part of the first electrode of the shown schematic embodiment provided with a first bending portion.

[0071] According to the solar cell and photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the solar cell includes a cell body 1 and a first electrode 3. The cell body 1 includes a first surface (such as Figure 1 the surface shown in the facing view) and a second surface that are opposite to each other, and the first surface has a first side (such as Figure 1 the right side shown) and a second side (such as Figure 1 the left side shown) that are oppositely arranged along a first direction (such as Figure 1 the left-right direction shown). The first electrode 3 is disposed on the first surface. The first electrode 3 extends along a second direction and is close to the first side, and the second direction intersects the first direction. The first electrode 3 is discontinuous in the second direction, and a first disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position, and a first bending portion 31 is formed at the position of the first disconnection portion. The first bending portion 31 extends toward the middle of the cell body 1 along the first direction.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the solar cell further includes a second electrode 2 that is adjacent to and spaced from the first electrode 3. The second electrode 2 extends along the second direction and is farther from the first side than the first electrode 3. The second electrode 2 is discontinuous in the second direction, and a second disconnection portion 21 is formed at the discontinuous position. The first bending portion 31 passes through the second disconnection portion 21.

[0073] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 2 (which can also be called the fine grid, the collector grid line, the auxiliary grid, etc., and are used to extract the majority carriers of the doped layer of the solar cell chip. The first electrode 3 and the second electrode 2 have different polarities) are alternately arranged along the first direction (such as Figure 2 the up-down direction shown). Specifically, the first electrode 3 is closer to the first side of the cell body 1 (such as Figure 2 the lower side shown) than the second electrode 2.

[0074] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the first electrode 3 includes a plurality of electrode segments extending along the second direction (such as Figure 2 the left-right direction shown) and arranged at intervals. Specifically, first bending portions 31 are provided at the facing ends of each electrode segment (such as the right end of the electrode segment on the left side and the left end of the electrode segment on the right side), and the first bending portions 31 form a substantially "L" shaped structure with respect to the electrode segments.

[0075] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the second electrode 2 also includes a plurality of electrode segments similar to the structure of the above-mentioned first electrode 3, and a second disconnection portion 21 is formed between adjacent electrode segments of the second electrode 2. Specifically, the second disconnection portion 21 and the first bending portions 31 of the first electrode 3 are in corresponding positions along the first direction (such as Figure 2 the up-down direction shown), and the width of the second disconnection portion 21 is configured to be greater than the sum of the widths of the two opposite first bending portions 31 and the distance between the gaps formed between the two first bending portions 31, so that the first bending portions 31 can pass through the second disconnection portion 21 and an electrical isolation is formed between the first bending portions 31 and the second disconnection portion 21.

[0076] In such an embodiment, the first bending portions 31 formed on the first electrode 3 extend along the first direction towards the middle of the cell body 1, making the position where the first electrode 3 can connect the circuit closer to the middle of the solar cell. When connecting the interconnection bar to the solar cell, it can be used to compensate for the distance of the gap formed between the interconnection bar 7 and the edge of the solar cell, thereby collecting the edge current collected by the first electrode 3. In this way, both the problem of collecting the edge current of the solar cell is solved, and there is no need to print the main grid. Therefore, the current printing process is also simplified and the manufacturing cost is reduced. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2As shown, the solar cell further includes a third electrode 4 extending in the second direction. The third electrode 4 is closer to the first side than the first electrode 3. The third electrode 4 is provided with an extension portion 41 extending in the first direction. The extension portion 41 passes through the first disconnection portion and is located between two opposite first bending portions 31.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the third electrode 4 and the second electrode 2 have the same polarity.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the end portion of the interconnection strip 7 located inside the solar cell forms a protruding portion 71. The protruding portion 71 extends in the second direction and protrudes from at least one side of the interconnection strip 7. The first bending portion 31 is connected to the protruding portion 71.

[0080] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the end portion of the interconnection strip 7 located inside the solar cell forms a protruding portion 71. Specifically, the protruding portion 71 extends in the second direction (such as the left - right direction as Figure 2 shown) and protrudes from both sides of the width of the interconnection strip 7, so that the width of the protruding portion 71 is greater than the main body of the interconnection strip 7 (that is, the upper end of the interconnection strip 7 as Figure 2 shown). Further, the first bending portion 31 is connected to the protruding portion 71.

[0081] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the third electrode 4 is disposed at the outermost edge position of the first side (such as the lower side as Figure 2 shown) of the cell. Specifically, it extends in the first direction (such as the up - down direction as Figure 2 shown). Further, the first electrode 3 is disposed at the sub - edge position of the first side of the cell, and the extension portion 41 passes through between two opposite first bending portions 31, and is disconnected from and electrically isolated from the protruding portion.

[0082] In such an embodiment, the width of the protruding portion 71 is designed to be wider than the main body of the interconnection strip 7, which can form a wider connection area and is suitable for connecting to the first bending portion 31 through which the extension portion 41 passes in the middle, thereby increasing the connection reliability.

[0083] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of the schematic embodiment shown. Figure 4 is Figure 3 a partial cross - sectional view taken along the A1 - A1 direction of the schematic embodiment shown.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a first doped semiconductor portion 12 is provided between the first electrode 3 and the battery body 1, and a second doped semiconductor portion 15 is provided between the second electrode 2 and the third electrode 4 and the battery body 1. Among them, the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and have opposite conduction types.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, both the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 include a main body portion extending along the first direction and a finger portion connected to the main body portion. Among them, a first bending portion 31 is provided on the first finger portion of the first doped semiconductor portion 12, an extending portion 41 is provided on the second finger portion of the second doped semiconductor portion 15, and a spacer region 17 is provided between the first finger portion and the second finger portion.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the battery body 1 have the same conduction type (such as an N-type doped region of an N-type substrate, or a P-type doped region of a P-type substrate), and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 and the battery body 1 have opposite conduction types (such as a P-type doped region of an N-type substrate, or an N-type doped region of a P-type substrate).

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the extending portion 41 of the third electrode 4 of the solar cell extends towards the interconnection bar 7 and is electrically isolated from the interconnection bar 7.

[0088] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, one of the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 is an N-type doped layer, and the other is P-type doped. Further, a first conductive layer 11 is provided between the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the first electrode 3, and a second conductive layer 14 is provided between the second doped semiconductor portion 15 and the second electrode 2 (and the fourth electrode 4), and the first conductive layer 11 and the second conductive layer 14 are disconnected from each other to form an insulating region. Among them, the first conductive layer 11 and the second conductive layer 14 include but are not limited to a transparent conductive oxide (i.e., TCO) layer.

[0089] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, an insulating layer 13 is further provided between the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the second doped semiconductor portion 15. Specifically, the insulating layer 13 extends in a direction parallel to the first surface to space the first doped semiconductor portion 15 and the second doped semiconductor portion 16 in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 10 (such as Figure 1 the up-and-down direction shown). Further, the insulating layer 13 includes, but is not limited to, an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer to insulate the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the second doped semiconductor portion 16 and suppress leakage current. Further, an interface passivation layer 10 is also provided between the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the battery body 1.

[0090] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a schematic embodiment, a spacer region (i.e., gap region) is formed between the first main portion and the second finger portion. Further, a PN junction exists between the first main portion formed of P-type doped amorphous silicon and the second finger portion formed of N-type POLY-Si.

[0091] Hereinafter, a solar cell in which an N-type silicon wafer is used as the battery body 1 (i.e., the substrate), the first doped semiconductor portion 12 is N-type doped, and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 is P-type doped will be taken as an example for description.

[0092] The minority carrier region and the majority carrier region of the back contact battery are formed in a finger-crossing form on the back surface of the battery cell. When sunlight shines on the light-receiving surface of the battery cell, hole-electron pairs are formed at the P-N junction of the battery cell. Taking a battery cell with an N-type silicon wafer as the semiconductor substrate as an example, electrons are the majority carriers and holes are the minority carriers. Correspondingly, the P region serves as the minority carrier (i.e., minority carrier) region for collecting the minority carriers, namely holes; correspondingly, the N region serves as the majority carrier (i.e., majority carrier) region for collecting the majority carriers, namely electrons, to generate current after the circuit is connected.

[0093] Based on the above characteristics of the back contact battery, the N-type doped region and the P-type doped region are arranged in a finger-crossing manner along the first direction. Therefore, when the minority carriers (i.e., holes) are transmitted along the first direction, they need to pass through at least one N-type doped region, thereby extending the transmission distance of the minority carriers (i.e., holes) along the first direction.

[0094] Therefore, through the extension portion 41 provided by the third electrode 4, the relatively wide P-N junction originally extending in the first direction (such as Figure 3 the up-and-down direction shown) can be changed to extend in the second direction (such as Figure 3A relatively narrow PN region extending in the left-right direction (as shown) is provided, thereby shortening the transport distance of minority carriers. In this way, it is possible to more effectively prevent the minority carriers (i.e., holes) from recombining with electrons when passing through the N-type doped first doped semiconductor portion 12 along the first direction, making it easier to collect the holes that are far from the second doped semiconductor portion 15. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0095] For example, for a battery cell with a P-type silicon wafer as the substrate, holes are the majority carriers and electrons are the minority carriers. Accordingly, the first electrode is disposed on the P-type doped first doped semiconductor portion 12, while the second electrode 2 and the third electrode 4 are disposed on the N-type doped second doped semiconductor portion 15 respectively. Its principle is similar to that of the above embodiment, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0096] Figure 5 is Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the part where the fourth electrode of the schematic embodiment shown has a second bending portion.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the solar cell further includes a fourth electrode 5 disposed on the first surface. The fourth electrode 5 extends along the second direction and is close to the second side. The fourth electrode 5 is discontinuous in the second direction, and a third disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position. A second bending portion 51 is formed at the position of the third disconnection portion, and the second bending portion 51 extends toward the middle of the battery body 1 along the first direction.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the solar cell further includes a fifth electrode 6 disposed adjacent to and spaced apart from the fourth electrode 5. The fifth electrode 6 extends along the second direction and is farther from the second side than the fourth electrode 5. The fifth electrode 6 is discontinuous in the second direction, and a fourth disconnection portion 61 is formed at the discontinuous position. The second bending portion 51 passes through the fourth disconnection portion 61.

[0099] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the fourth electrode 5 and the fifth electrode 6 (which can also be called fine grids, collector grid lines, sub-grids, etc., and are used to extract the majority carriers of the doped layer of the solar cell chip, and the fourth electrode 5 and the fifth electrode 6 have different polarities) are alternately disposed along the first direction (such as Figure 5 the up-down direction shown). Specifically, the fourth electrode 5 is closer to the second side of the battery body 1 (such as Figure 5 the lower side shown) than the fifth electrode 6.

[0100] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 5As shown, the fourth electrode 5 includes a plurality of electrode segments extending along the second direction (such as the left-right direction shown in Figure 5 ), and are arranged at intervals. Specifically, second bending portions 51 are provided at the facing ends of each electrode segment (such as the right end of the electrode segment on the left side and the left end of the electrode segment on the right side), and the second bending portion 51 forms a substantially "L" shaped structure with respect to the electrode segment.

[0101] In a schematic embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 , the fifth electrode 6 also includes a plurality of electrode segments similar to the structure of the above-mentioned fourth electrode 5, and a fourth disconnection portion 61 is formed between the adjacent electrode segments of the fifth electrode 6. Specifically, the fourth disconnection portion 61 and the second bending portion 51 formed by the fourth electrode 5 correspond in position along the first direction (such as the up-down direction shown in Figure 5 ), and the width of the fourth disconnection portion 61 is configured to be greater than the sum of the widths of the two opposite second bending portions 51 (including the gap formed between the two second bending portions 51), so that the second bending portion 51 can pass through the fourth disconnection portion 61, and electrical isolation is formed between the second bending portion 51 and the fourth disconnection portion 61.

[0102] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of the schematic embodiment shown. Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial cross-sectional view taken along the B1-B1 direction of the schematic embodiment shown.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a first doped semiconductor portion 12 is provided between the first electrode 3 and the battery body 1, and a second doped semiconductor portion 15 is provided between the fourth electrode 5 and the battery body 1. Among them, the first doped semiconductor portion 12 and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and have opposite conductivity types.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a first doped semiconductor portion 12 is provided between the fifth electrode 6 and the battery body 1.

[0105] Hereinafter, still taking an N-type silicon wafer as the battery body 1 (i.e., the substrate), a solar cell in which the first doped semiconductor portion 12 is N-type doped and the second doped semiconductor portion 15 is P-type doped as an example for description.

[0106] In a schematic embodiment, a fourth electrode 5 is disposed on the second doped semiconductor portion 15 (i.e., P-type doping) for collecting holes (i.e., minority carriers). Further, a fifth electrode 6 is disposed on the first doped semiconductor portion 6 for collecting electrons (i.e., majority carriers). Furthermore, a second conductive layer 14 is also disposed between the second doped semiconductor portion 15 and the fourth electrode 5, and the second conductive layer 14 between the second bent portion 51 formed by the fourth electrode 5 and the third disconnection portion formed by other adjacent fourth electrodes 5 in the second direction is disconnected to form an insulating region.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the first disconnection portion and the third disconnection portion are misaligned in the first direction.

[0108] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the first disconnection portion 31 formed by the first electrode 3 and the third disconnection portion formed by the fourth electrode 5 are misaligned in the first direction. That is, with the first electrode 3 as the positive electrode and the fourth electrode 5 as the negative electrode, the bent portions (i.e., the first bent portion 31 and the second bent portion 51) formed by the misaligned disconnection portions (i.e., the first disconnection portion and the third disconnection portion) are misaligned. In this way, different interconnection bars 7 connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be led out from different sides (i.e., the second side and the first side) of the solar cell respectively to serially connect other solar cells.

[0109] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown, an interface layer 18, a first passivation layer 19, and a second passivation layer 20 are also stacked on the second surface of the battery body 1 (i.e., the lower surface as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6 ). Specifically, the battery body 1 includes, but is not limited to, an N-type silicon-based substrate; the interface layer 18 includes, but is not limited to, an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer; the first passivation layer 15 includes, but is not limited to, a silicon nitride passivation layer; the second passivation layer 16 includes, but is not limited to, a silicon oxide passivation layer. Further, the first doped semiconductor portion 12 includes, but is not limited to, N-type POLY-Si doping; the second doped semiconductor portion 15 is doped with P-type amorphous silicon.

[0110] Figure 8 is Figure 1 a state diagram of the first bent portion of the schematic embodiment shown being joined to the joint portion.

[0111] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 8 shown, the solar cell further includes a plurality of sixth electrodes 8. The sixth electrodes 8 are farther from the first side than the first electrode 3, and the sixth electrodes 8 are continuous.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the solar cell further includes a bonding portion 9, and the first bending portion 31 is connected to the bonding portion 9.

[0113] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 8 shown, on the first surface of the battery body 1, between the first electrode 3 and the fourth electrode 5, a plurality of sixth electrodes 8 are also provided at intervals. Specifically, the plurality of sixth electrodes 8 are provided at intervals along the first direction (such as the up and down direction as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 8 ), and adjacent sixth electrodes 8 have different polarities (that is, some are used as positive electrodes and the other part is used as negative electrodes). Further, the sixth electrode 8 and the adjacent first electrode 3 or fourth electrode 5 also have different polarities (that is, if the first electrode 3 is a positive electrode, the sixth electrode 8 closest to the first electrode 3 is a negative electrode; that is, if the fourth electrode 5 is a negative electrode, the sixth electrode 8 closest to the fourth electrode 5 is a positive electrode).

[0114] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, the first electrodes 3 symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the battery body 1 can be connected to the same bonding portion. In this way, when welding the interconnection strip 2 to the bonding portion 6, there is no need to confirm (that is, confirm which side of the battery cell the electrode with the bending portion is set) or adjust the direction of the battery body 1 (that is, according to which side of the battery body 1 the electrode with the bending portion is located, to adjust the direction of the battery cell 1 or the interconnection strip 2), which is beneficial to further simplify the welding process.

[0115] In a schematic implementation, as Figure 2 and Figure 5 shown, a plurality of insulating strips 16 are provided at intervals on the sixth electrode 8 along the second direction (that is, insulating small blocks as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 ). Specifically, the insulating strip 16 covers the part of the sixth electrode 8 corresponding to the bending portion of the opposite-sex electrode (that is, the first bending portion 31 or the second bending portion 51) along the first direction. Further, the insulating strip 16 also protrudes from the interconnection strip 7 along the second direction to insulate the sixth electrode 8 from the opposite-sex interconnection strip.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present utility model, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, at least two first electrodes 3 near the first side are provided with first bending portions 31.

[0117] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, on the first side (such as Figure 2 and Figure 3Two first electrodes 3, which are respectively located at the outermost and second outermost edges (below the ) of the first side, are each provided with a first bending portion 31. Specifically, a relative first bending portion 31 formed by the first electrode 3 closest to the first side is located between the relative first bending portions 31 formed by the first electrodes 3 located at the second outermost edge, and a gap therebetween allows passage.

[0118] Similarly, second bending portions 51 provided on fourth electrodes 5, which are respectively located at the outermost and second outermost edges of the second side, can be similarly arranged, and details thereof will not be elaborated herein. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0119] For example, three, four or other numbers of electrodes (i.e., first electrodes 3 and / or fourth electrodes 5) close to the first side or the second side can be provided with bending portions (i.e., first bending portions 31 and / or second bending portions 51), and the gap formed between the opposing bending portions closer to the middle of the battery body 1 is larger, so that other bending portions (which may also include extension portions 41) can sequentially pass through the gap.

[0120] Based on the structure and manufacturing process of solar cells and / or photovoltaic modules, electrodes located at the edges of solar cells are affected by various factors (such as equipment accuracy, spacing between cells, insulating layers bonded between cells, width of fine grids and Pitch (i.e., the spacing between adjacent fine grids, d as shown in the figure), etc.), resulting in partial masking of some fine grids. Therefore, by providing bending portions on different numbers of electrodes located at the edges of the battery body 1, the influence of the above factors can be adapted, thereby preventing current collection problems caused by masking of the electrodes (including bending portions).

[0121] Based on the same concept, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, as Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic module includes a solar cell and an interconnection strip 7, and the interconnection strip 7 is electrically connected to the first electrode 3.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the first bending portion 31 and / or the second bending portion 51 are connected to one end of the interconnection strip 7 located inside the solar cell.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the distance between the end of the interconnection strip 7 located inside the solar cell and the first side and / or the second side is 1 mm to 10 mm. Further, the width of the interconnection strip 7 can also be correspondingly designed to be 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0124] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are only for reference to the drawings and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. When it may cause confusion in the understanding of the present utility model, the conventional structures or configurations will be omitted.

[0125] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the scope of the present utility model. Although the embodiments have been described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications, and these substitutions and modifications should all fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that, Comprising a battery body (1), the battery body (1) includes opposite first and second surfaces, and the first surface has a first side and a second side oppositely arranged in a first direction; And A first electrode (3) disposed on the first surface, the first electrode (3) extends in a second direction and is close to the first side, and the second direction intersects with the first direction; The first electrode (3) is discontinuous in the second direction, and a first disconnection portion is formed at the discontinuous position, and a first bending portion (31) is formed at the position of the first disconnection portion, and the first bending portion (31) extends toward the middle of the battery body (1) in the first direction.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein Further comprising a second electrode (2) adjacent to and spaced from the first electrode (3), the second electrode (2) extends in the second direction and is farther from the first side than the first electrode (3); The second electrode (2) is discontinuous in the second direction, and a second disconnection portion (21) is formed at the discontinuous position, and the first bending portion (31) passes through the second disconnection portion (21).

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, wherein, Further comprising a third electrode (4) extending in the second direction, the third electrode (4) is closer to the first side than the first electrode (3), the third electrode (4) is provided with an extension portion (41) extending in the first direction, the extension portion (41) passes through the first disconnection portion and is located between two opposite first bending portions (31).

4. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third electrode (4) and the second electrode (2) have the same polarity.

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first doped semiconductor portion (12) is provided between the first electrode (3) and the battery body (1), and a second doped semiconductor portion (15) is provided between the second electrode (2) and the third electrode (4) and the battery body (1); Wherein, the first doped semiconductor portion (12) and the second doped semiconductor portion (15) are spaced apart in the first direction and have opposite conduction types.

6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first doped semiconductor portion (12) and the second doped semiconductor portion (15) include a main body portion extending in the first direction and finger portions connected to the main body portion; Wherein, the first bending portion (31) is disposed on a first finger portion of the first doped semiconductor portion (12), the extension portion (41) is disposed on a second finger portion of the second doped semiconductor portion (15), and a spacer region (17) is provided between the first finger portion and the second finger portion.

7. The solar cell according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first doped semiconductor portion (12) and the battery body (1) have the same conduction type, and the second doped semiconductor portion (15) and the battery body (1) have opposite conduction types.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a fourth electrode (5) disposed on the first surface, the fourth electrode (5) extends in the second direction and is close to the second side; The fourth electrode (5) is discontinuous in the second direction, and the discontinuous positions form a third disconnection portion, and a second bending portion (51) is formed at the position of the third disconnection portion, and the second bending portion (51) extends along the first direction towards the middle of the battery body (1).

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first disconnection portion and the third disconnection portion are offset in the first direction.

10. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a fifth electrode (6) which is adjacent to and spaced from the fourth electrode (5), the fifth electrode (6) extends along the second direction and is farther from the second side than the fourth electrode (5); The fifth electrode (6) is discontinuous in the second direction, and the discontinuous positions form a fourth disconnection portion (61), and the second bending portion (51) passes through the fourth disconnection portion (61).

11. The solar cell according to claim 10, characterized in that, A first doped semiconductor portion (12) is provided between the first electrode (3) and the battery body (1), and a second doped semiconductor portion (15) is provided between the fourth electrode (5) and the battery body (1); Wherein, the first doped semiconductor portion (12) and the second doped semiconductor portion (15) are spaced apart along the first direction and have opposite conduction types.

12. The solar cell according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first doped semiconductor portion (12) is provided between the fifth electrode (6) and the battery body (1).

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a joint portion (9), and the first bending portion (31) is connected to the joint portion (9).

14. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the first electrodes (3) near the first side are provided with the first bending portion (31).

15. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a plurality of sixth electrodes (8), the sixth electrodes (8) are farther from the first side than the first electrodes (3), and the sixth electrodes (8) are continuous.

16. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes at least one solar cell as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 and an interconnection bar (7), and the interconnection bar (7) is electrically connected to the first electrode (3).

17. The photovoltaic module according to claim 16, wherein, The first bending portion (31) and / or the second bending portion (51) is connected to one end of the interconnection bar (7) located inside the solar cell.

18. The photovoltaic module according to claim 17, wherein An protruding portion (71) is formed at the end of the interconnection bar (7) located inside the solar cell, the protruding portion (71) extends along the second direction and protrudes from at least one side of the interconnection bar (7), and the first bending portion (31) is connected to the protruding portion (71).

19. The photovoltaic module according to claim 17, wherein, An extension portion (41) of the third electrode (4) of the solar cell extends towards the interconnection bar (7) and is electrically isolated from the interconnection bar (7).

20. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that, The distance between the end of the interconnection bar (7) located inside the solar cell and the first side and / or the second side is 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters.

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