Diversion groove of three-dimensional pouring sand mold
Through the diverting groove of the three-dimensional casting sand mold, the problem of the runner occupying space is solved, multiple sets of casting and flexible adjustment are realized, casting efficiency and product quality are improved, and costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422390121.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-29
AI Technical Summary
In the existing sand mold casting process, the runner occupies the internal space, resulting in a decrease in the cavity space of the product, a decrease in the number of single-molded products, and a height limitation affects the casting efficiency and cost.
The diverting groove of the three-dimensional casting sand mold is adopted, including the upper diverting groove and the lower diverting groove. It is connected to the product cavity through multiple risers, reduces the flow channel, uses refractory materials to insulate, realizes multiple groups of casting, and flexibly adjusts the casting speed.
It improves product yield, reduces cost and equipment investment, enhances casting flexibility, avoids casting restrictions due to height restrictions, and ensures product quality and liquidity.
Smart Images
Figure CN223129275U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sand mold casting, in particular to a flow dividing groove for a three-dimensional casting sand mold. Background Art
[0002] The existing sand mold casting process cannot separate molten iron and flow it into the sand mold during casting. Molten iron can only be injected into the sand mold through a single pouring gate, and the molten iron flows inside the sand mold, separates after passing through the runner, and then flows into the product cavities in the sand mold respectively to solidify and form. In this way, there must be many runners in the sand mold, and the runners will occupy the internal space of the sand mold, which will inevitably reduce the space of the product cavities inside the sand mold, and the number of products in a single sand mold will also decrease. The runners do not create value. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring qualified products, reducing the number and volume of runners, increasing the number of products in a single mold, and improving the material yield of products are the most important technologies in sand mold casting. It can not only greatly reduce costs and improve efficiency, but also be an important indicator for evaluating the technical level of a foundry.
[0003] In the current mainstream casting level of automatic flask molding lines, the height of the sand flask is generally between 200 mm and 300 mm. A too-high sand mold is not only a waste of sand volume. For a too-thick sand mold to achieve high strength, not only is the compaction difficulty increased, the equipment cost increased, but the efficiency is also very low.
[0004] For example, if the height of the upper sand mold and the lower sand mold is both 220 mm, the total height of the sand mold is 440 mm, the safety distance between the upper sand mold and the lower sand mold is 50 mm each, and the riser should be more than 30 mm higher than the product, then the limit of the production line is that it can produce products with a full height of 440 mm - 50 mm - 50 mm - 30 mm = 310 mm. However, generally, products with the limit height are not produced because the production conditions of products with the limit height are difficult to stably guarantee, and the rejection rate will be very high.
[0005] If the multi-group vertical runner sand mold casting method is used, with the height of the upper sand mold being 220 mm, the depth of the upper sand mold runner being 70 mm, the bottom of the runner being 50 mm away from the riser, and the riser still being 30 mm higher than the product, it is more reasonable that the height of the product that the upper sand mold can achieve is within 220 mm - 70 mm - 50 m - 30 mm = 70 mm. The height of the lower sand mold is 220 mm, and the safety distance is 50 mm each. The height of the product that the lower sand mold can achieve is 220 mm - 50 m = 170 mm. The total height of the products that the upper and lower sand molds can make is 70 mm + 170 mm = 240 mm. Therefore, the height dimension of the products that can be made by the multi-group vertical runner sand mold casting method is reduced from the original 310 mm to 240 mm because the effective utilization height of the sand mold is reduced due to the restriction of the runner, and thus some products cannot be realized by the multi-group vertical runner sand mold casting.
[0006] To this end, we propose a runner for a three-dimensional casting sand mold. Summary of the Invention
[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing production technology, the applicant provides a runner for a three-dimensional casting sand mold. The upper runner and the lower runner can be used after preheating, which can reduce the heat loss of the pouring material and avoid the situation where multiple sprue pouring cannot be achieved due to the height limitation of the sand mold.
[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0009] A runner for a three-dimensional casting sand mold, comprising:
[0010] A lower runner, which is arranged on the upper sand mold, and the upper sand mold is arranged on the lower sand mold;
[0011] Wherein, after the upper sand mold and the lower sand mold are closed, there are multiple risers and multiple product cavities, and one riser is communicated with at least one product cavity;
[0012] The lower runner is provided with multiple diversion channels, and the end of the diversion channel is provided with a first sprue. The upper sand mold is provided with a sub-gate and a second sprue below the first sprue. The sub-gate is communicated with the second sprue, and the second sprue is communicated with the riser.
[0013] Its further features are as follows:
[0014] An upper runner is arranged above the runner, and the upper runner is provided with an upper gate, and the upper gate is above the diversion channel.
[0015] The top of the diversion channel of the lower runner is open, and a cover plate is arranged above the diversion channel.
[0016] The top of the diversion channel of the lower runner is constricted to prevent the pouring material from overflowing.
[0017] A cover plate is arranged above the diversion channel of the lower runner.
[0018] Both the upper runner and the lower runner include an outer frame, and the inside of the outer frame is made of refractory material.
[0019] A plurality of exhaust holes are arranged on the outer side of the outer frame for exhausting air to eliminate cracks.
[0020] The diversion channel gradually decreases in height from the middle to the outside of the lower runner, so that the diversion channel has a certain slope to facilitate the flow of the pouring material.
[0021] The riser is communicated with the product cavity through a flow channel.
[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0023] The utility model has a compact and reasonable structure, convenient operation. The upper shunt groove and the lower shunt groove can be used after preheating, which can reduce the heat loss of the casting material and avoid the situation that multiple sprue castings cannot be realized due to the height limitation of the sand mold.
[0024] Meanwhile, the utility model also has the following advantages:
[0025] (1) The refractories of the upper shunt groove and the lower shunt groove can keep warm. For products with large production volume, when pouring a lot of modules, the casting material continuously passes through the shunt runner and the sprue for pouring. When the casting material flows, it will heat the lower shunt groove. The refractories of the lower shunt groove have slow heat dissipation, and the lower shunt groove can be further insulated by the cover plate. When the casting material flows through the shunt runner, the temperature loss is very small. The casting material has good fluidity, and the product is not easy to generate cold shuts. The molten iron does not flow into the product after passing through a long sand mold runner as in the traditional process, reducing the occurrence probability of sand holes, reducing the probability of oxide impurities generated by the reaction between the molten iron and the moisture in the sand mold, and reducing the probability of slag holes caused by the preferential solidification and precipitation of high-melting-point elements due to temperature reduction and the growth and nucleation to form impurities. Because the shunt groove can keep warm and the molten iron has good temperature insulation, it also ensures fluidity. Good fluidity and temperature consistency are beneficial for the product to form a uniform structure and are not easy to cause defects such as carbides and shrinkage cavities due to uneven cooling speed.
[0026] (2) The height of the upper shunt groove can be adjusted. The higher the overall height, the faster the flow rate of the casting material, which can better fill the mold, thus ensuring the adjustment of the pouring speed according to the needs of the product and reducing the occurrence of defects. This cannot be achieved by the traditional process. If the filling speed of the casting material for the product is not high, the upper shunt groove can be removed, with high flexibility.
[0027] (3) The products in the upper sand mold and the lower sand mold flow into the riser through multiple pouring gates, reducing the runners or even eliminating the runners, and the material utilization rate is extremely high. The traditional pouring process takes the whole mold product as a whole. When correcting the process, the flow balance of all products needs to be considered as a whole, which is difficult to improve and has low flexibility. The advantage of making products in groups is that if there are products with quality problems, separate countermeasures can be considered and the process can be corrected separately, with high flexibility. It can avoid the situation that multiple sprue castings cannot be realized due to the height limitation of the sand mold. In addition, this process does not require equipment investment and has low costs.
[0028] (4) The upper shunt groove and the lower shunt groove can be used after being preheated by gas, which can reduce the heat loss of the casting material. The refractories of the upper shunt groove and the lower shunt groove can be used for a long time by regular repair. The repair method of the refractories of the upper shunt groove and the lower shunt groove is exactly the same as that of the casting pouring ladle, with low costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.
[0030] Figure 2 is the top view of Figure 1 .
[0031] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the schematic view of A-A section in
[0032] Figure 4 the schematic view of the present utility model after removing the cover plate of the lower flow divider groove.
[0033] Figure 5 is the schematic view of the fluid flow path of the present utility model Figure 1 .
[0034] Figure 6 is the schematic view of the fluid flow path of the present utility model Figure 2 .
[0035] Wherein: 1. upper flow divider groove; 101. upper gate; 2. lower flow divider groove; 201. diversion flow channel; 202. first straight gate; 203. cover plate; 3. upper sand mold; 301. sub-gate; 302. second straight gate; 4. lower sand mold; 5. riser; 6. product cavity. Detailed implementation manners
[0036] The following combines with the attached drawings to illustrate the detailed implementation manners of the present utility model.
[0037] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a flow divider groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold includes an upper flow divider groove 1 and a lower flow divider groove 2; the upper flow divider groove 1 is arranged on the lower flow divider groove 2, the lower flow divider groove 2 is arranged on the upper sand mold 3, and the upper sand mold 3 is arranged on the lower sand mold 4.
[0038] An upper gate 101 is arranged on the upper flow divider groove 1, the lower flow divider groove 2 is provided with a plurality of diversion flow channels 201, and a first straight gate 202 is arranged at the end of each diversion flow channel 201, and the first straight gate 202 is communicated with the diversion flow channel 201. The height of the diversion flow channels 201 gradually decreases from the middle to the outside of the lower flow divider groove 2, so that the diversion flow channels 201 have a certain slope to facilitate the flow of the casting material.
[0039] The top of the diversion flow channel 201 can be arranged as an open mouth, and the lower flow divider groove 2 is provided with a cover plate 203 on each of the plurality of diversion flow channels 201, and the casting material can be heat-insulated through the cover plate 203.
[0040] The top of the diversion flow channel 201 can be arranged as a closed mouth, and the lower flow divider groove 2 is provided with a cover plate 203 on each of the plurality of diversion flow channels 201, and the casting material can be heat-insulated through the cover plate 203. When the top of the diversion flow channel 201 is arranged as a closed mouth, the cover plate 203 can also not be provided.
[0041] The upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2 can be made into an outer frame by metal welding. The inside of the outer frame is made of refractory material. Exhaust holes are arranged at intervals on the outside of the outer frame. In order to facilitate the exhaust of the pouring material during the curing process and eliminate cracks, the number of exhaust holes can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the situation. The refractory material of the upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2 can be the material of the pouring bucket for casting. The upper flow-dividing groove 1 can also be made of ceramic blocks, which has a longer service life. The lower flow-dividing groove 2 is designed separately according to the number of sub-gates 301 of the upper sand mold 3.
[0042] The speed can be adjusted according to the height. The higher the overall height of the upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2, the faster the flow rate of the pouring material. If good products can be made without particularly fast flow rate, the upper flow-dividing groove 1 can be cancelled, which has high flexibility.
[0043] The refractory materials of the upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2 can keep warm. For products with large production volume, when pouring a lot of molds, the pouring material continuously passes through the flow-dividing runner 201 and the sprue 202 for pouring. When the pouring material flows, it will heat the upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2. The refractory material of the lower flow-dividing groove 2 has slow heat dissipation. When the pouring material flows through the flow-dividing runner 201, the temperature loss is very small. The pouring material has good fluidity, is not easy to produce cold shuts, sand slag holes and other defects, and the formed product has a uniform structure and is not easy to cause defects such as white mouth shrinkage due to uneven cooling speed.
[0044] The upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2 can be used after being preheated by gas, which can reduce the heat loss of the pouring material. The refractory materials of the upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2 can be used for a long time by regular repair. The repair method of the refractory materials of the upper flow-dividing groove 1 and the lower flow-dividing groove 2 is exactly the same as that of the casting pouring bucket, and the cost is low.
[0045] After the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4 are clamped, there are multiple risers 5 and multiple product cavities 6 between the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4. One riser 5 is communicated with at least one product cavity 6.
[0046] The upper sand mold 3 is provided with multiple sub-gates 301 and multiple second sprue channels 302 above the riser 5. The sub-gate 301 is communicated with the second sprue channel 302, and the second sprue channel 302 is communicated with the riser 5.
[0047] A filter screen can be arranged in the sub-gate 301 or the second sprue channel 302 to filter impurities.
[0048] The gating material in the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4 flows into the riser 5 through the sub-gate 301 and the second sprue 302, reducing the runner, or even eliminating the runner, resulting in a very high material yield rate. For grouped products, if there are products with quality problems, individual countermeasures can be considered and the process can be individually corrected, with high flexibility. When correcting the process as a whole, the flow balance needs to be considered as a whole, which is more difficult and has low flexibility. It can avoid the situation where multiple riser gating cannot be achieved due to the height limitation of the sand mold. Additionally, this process does not require equipment investment and has low costs.
[0049] During pouring, preheat the upper runner groove 1 and the lower runner groove 2 in advance. Place the upper sand mold 3 on the lower sand mold 4, place the lower runner groove 2 on the upper sand mold 3, and place the upper runner groove 1 on the lower runner groove 2. Add the gating material from the top gate 101. The gating material flows from the top gate 101 into the split runner 201 of the lower runner groove 2, then flows from the first sprue 202 into the sub-gate 301, then from the second sprue 302 into the riser 5, and finally from the riser 5 into the product cavity 6 to complete the pouring.
[0050] Example 1
[0051] As Figures 1 - 5 shown, after the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4 are clamped, there are four risers 5 and sixteen product cavities 6 between the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4. Each riser 5 communicates with four product cavities 6. During pouring, four product cavities 6 can be poured simultaneously from one riser 5.
[0052] There are four sub-gates 301 and four second sprues 302, and the sub-gates 301, the second sprues 302, and the risers 5 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
[0053] There are four split runners 201, and there are also four first sprues 202. Each first sprue 202 is arranged corresponding to one sub-gate 301.
[0054] During pouring, add the gating material from the top gate 101. The gating material flows from the top gate 101 into the four split runners 201, then from the split runners 201 into the first sprues 202, from the first sprues 202 into the sub-gates 301, from the sub-gates 301 into the second sprues 302, from the second sprues 302 into the risers 5, and then from the risers 5 into the product cavities 6. The gating material flows from one riser 5 into four product cavities 6 to complete the pouring.
[0055] Example 2
[0056] As Figure 6 shown, after the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4 are clamped, there are ten risers 5 and twenty product cavities 6 between the upper sand mold 3 and the lower sand mold 4. Each riser 5 communicates with two product cavities 6 through a runner. During pouring, two product cavities 6 can be poured simultaneously from one riser 5.
[0057] Six sub-gates 301 and six sprue runners two 302 are provided. Among them, two sprue runners two 302 are each connected to one riser 5, and the other four sprue runners two 302 are each connected to two risers 5.
[0058] Six diversion runners 201 are provided, and six sprue runners one 202 are also provided. Each sprue runner one 202 is correspondingly arranged with one sub-gate 301.
[0059] During pouring, pouring material is added from the top gate 101. The pouring material flows from the top gate 101 into the six diversion runners 201, then from the diversion runners 201 into the sprue runners one 202, from the sprue runners one 202 into the sub-gates 301, from the sub-gates 301 into the sprue runners two 302, from the sprue runners two 302 into the risers 5, and then from the risers 5 into the product cavity 6 to complete pouring.
[0060] The above description is an explanation of the present utility model, not a limitation thereof. For the scope defined by the present utility model, refer to the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A diversion chute for a three-dimensional casting sand mold, characterized in that Comprising: A lower runner groove (2) is arranged on the upper sand mold (3), and the upper sand mold (3) is arranged on the lower sand mold (4); Among them, after the upper sand mold (3) and the lower sand mold (4) are clamped, there are a plurality of risers (5) and a plurality of product cavities (6), and one riser (5) is communicated with at least one product cavity (6); The lower runner groove (2) is provided with a plurality of runner channels (201), the end of the runner channel (201) is provided with a first sprue (202), and the upper sand mold (3) is provided with a sub-gate (301) and a second sprue (302) below the first sprue (202), the sub-gate (301) is communicated with the second sprue (302), and the second sprue (302) is communicated with the riser (5).
2. The flow divider groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper runner groove (1) is arranged above the lower runner groove (2), the upper runner groove (1) is provided with an upper gate (101), and the upper gate (101) is above the runner channel (201).
3. The flow dividing groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the runner channel (201) of the lower runner groove (2) is open, and a cover plate (203) is arranged above the runner channel (201).
4. The shunt groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the runner channel (201) of the lower runner groove (2) is constricted to prevent the pouring material from overflowing.
5. The flow splitter groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cover plate (203) is arranged above the runner channel (201) of the lower runner groove (2).
6. The flow splitter groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the upper runner groove (1) and the lower runner groove (2) include an outer frame, and the inside of the outer frame is refractory material.
7. The shunt groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 6, wherein: A plurality of exhaust holes are arranged on the outer side of the outer frame for exhausting air to eliminate cracks.
8. The shunt groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the runner channel (201) of the lower runner groove (2) gradually decreases from the middle to the outside, so that the runner channel (201) has a certain slope to facilitate the flow of the pouring material.
9. The flow dividing groove of a three-dimensional casting sand mold according to claim 1, wherein: The riser (5) is communicated with the product cavity (6) through a runner.