Blade structure and plunge milling cutter

Abstract

The blade structure comprises a blade body provided with a first fixing hole, the blade body is provided with a first end face and a second end face matched with the first end face, and the first end face is provided with a first cutting edge; a first step structure is formed on the first side face of the blade body and comprises a first high step face, a first transition face and a first low step face which are sequentially arranged from the first end face to the second end face, and the first transition face and the first low step face are opposite to the first end face. A third cutting edge in the same direction as the first cutting edge is arranged on the first transition surface; the first high step face is provided with a second cutting edge arranged in the direction from the first cutting edge to the third cutting edge. By the adoption of the structure, cutting machining can be conducted during vertical reciprocating, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of insert milling cutters, and particularly relates to a blade structure and an insert milling cutter. Background Art

[0002] Insert milling cutters are mainly used for rough machining or semi-finishing machining. They can cut into the concave part of the workpiece or cut along the edge of the workpiece, and can also mill complex geometric shapes, including root cutting. The existing insert milling cutter adopts the structure as shown in Figure 6 Figure 1, which includes a cutter body 1 and a plurality of blades 2. Among them, the cutter body 1 includes a fixed end and a cutting end. The fixed end is used to fix the entire insert milling cutter to the tool control component, and the cutting end is used to fix the blade to realize the cutting of the workpiece to be machined. The cutting end has a rotation center axis, the blade 2 is fixed on the cutting end, and the blade 2 is placed on one side of the end face of the cutting end to form a cutting edge 21.

[0003] For the insert milling cutter with the above structure, when machining the workpiece, the fixed end is fixed to the tool control component. During insert milling, the insert milling cutter is controlled to mill from the top of the workpiece down to the root to complete one metal removal, and after controlling the insert milling cutter to move away from the workpiece, it is then controlled to move up to the top of the workpiece again for milling.

[0004] The existing insert milling cutter has the problem of low machining efficiency because in one control cycle, it only mills the workpiece when moving downwards. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the problem of low machining efficiency caused by the existing insert milling cutter only cutting when moving downwards, the utility model provides a blade structure and an insert milling cutter, which can perform cutting operations both when moving up and down, thereby improving the machining efficiency.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the utility model discloses a blade structure, which includes a blade body provided with a first fixing hole. The blade body has a first end face and a second end face opposite to the first end face, and a first cutting edge is provided on the first end face;

[0008] A first step structure is formed on the first side surface of the blade body. The first step structure includes a first high step surface, a first transition surface opposite to the first end face, and a first low step surface sequentially arranged from the first end face to the second end face. A third cutting edge in the same direction as the first cutting edge is provided on the first transition surface; a second cutting edge is provided on the first high step surface along the direction from the first cutting edge to the third cutting edge.

[0009] In the second aspect of the present utility model, a slot milling cutter is disclosed, which includes a cutter body having a rotating shaft and at least one blade body fixed on the cutter body. The cutter body includes a fixed end and a cutting end. The blade body is a blade structure described in the first aspect. The blade structure is fixed on the cutting end by bolts so that the second cutting edge is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0011] By improving the blade structure of the slot milling cutter, the present utility model can perform cutting operations both during the up-and-down reciprocation, effectively improving the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of the first structure of the blade structure of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the second structure of the blade structure of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a front view of the second structure of the blade structure of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the second structure of the blade structure of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of the slot milling cutter of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural view of the existing slot milling cutter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0022] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters indicate like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] The present invention relates to a blade structure and a slot milling cutter. The slot milling cutter includes a cutter body and at least one blade structure fixed on the cutter body. To improve the workpiece processing efficiency, multiple blade structures can be provided simultaneously.

[0026] Specifically, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the blade structure includes a blade body 3 provided with a first fixing hole 31. The blade structure is fixed on the tool body through the first fixing hole 31 and bolts. The blade body 3 has a first end face 32 and a second end face 36 opposite to the first end face 32, and a first cutting edge 321 is provided on the first end face 32.

[0027] A first stepped structure is formed on the first side surface of the blade body 3. The first stepped structure includes a first high stepped surface 33, a first transition surface 34, and a first low stepped surface 35 sequentially arranged from the first end face 32 to the second end face 36. The first transition surface 34 is opposite to the first end face 32 and they are opposite surfaces to each other. A third cutting edge 341 in the same direction as the first cutting edge 321 is provided on the first transition surface 34; a second cutting edge 331 is provided on the first high stepped surface 33 along the direction from the first cutting edge 321 to the third cutting edge 341.

[0028] It should be noted that the high and low definitions of the stepped surface here are relative terms. Taking the first low stepped surface 35 as the reference surface, the first high stepped surface 33 protrudes from the first low stepped surface 35.

[0029] When the above blade structure is fixed on the tool body, its first end face 32 is placed at the cutting end of the tool body. The first cutting edge 321 and the third cutting edge 341 form the main cutting edge, and the second cutting edge 331 forms the secondary cutting edge. During the machining process of the workpiece, in one control cycle, the tool body is controlled to move downward along the workpiece for cutting. The first cutting edge 321 and the second cutting edge 331 cooperate to remove metal until the root of the workpiece; then the tool body is controlled to feed radially. In this process, the third cutting edge 331 removes the metal in the span part; then the tool body is controlled to move upward for cutting. The third cutting edge 341 and the second cutting edge 331 cooperate to remove metal until the top of the workpiece; finally, the tool body is controlled to feed radially to the next machining position. That is, during the entire control cycle, metal cutting of the workpiece can be achieved during the upward and downward movement of the tool body. Through the reciprocating movement in two directions, the machining time is shortened and the machining efficiency is improved.

[0030] The tool body is provided with a second fixing hole corresponding to the first fixing hole. The above blade structure is fixed to the tool body through the first fixing hole 31 and fixing bolts. In the cutting application scenario where the maximum diameter of the tool body is limited, for example, when the maximum diameter of the tool body is only a few centimeters, for example, when the maximum diameter of the tool body is 5.5 - 7.0 cm, the fixed position of the blade structure will also be affected, which in turn affects the minimum wall thickness of the second fixing hole on the tool body, and further affects the fixing stability of the blade structure. In this regard, while taking into account the cutting efficiency, the length of the third cutting edge 341 is designed to be 2 mm - 3 mm to improve the fixing stability of the blade structure.

[0031] The second cutting edge 331 is a secondary cutting edge. While performing cutting, there is friction with the workpiece during the up and down movement. To balance the cutting efficiency and reduce the friction force, the length of the second cutting edge 331 is designed to be 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0032] To improve the cutting performance and reduce the cutting resistance, the side clearance angle of the first cutting edge 321 is 1°30′ to 2°30′. The setting of the side clearance angle not only provides a buffer for cutting in but also reduces the cutting resistance.

[0033] To improve the durability of the insert structure, the rake angle of the first cutting edge 321, the second cutting edge 331, and the third cutting edge 341 is 10 - 12 degrees.

[0034] To improve the reusability of the insert structure by indexing, on the above insert structure, referring to Figures 2 to 4 as shown, a second step structure is formed on the second side of the insert body 3 opposite to the first side. The second step structure includes a second high step surface 37, a second transition surface 38, and a second low step surface 39 arranged in sequence from the second end surface 36 to the first end surface 32. The second transition surface 38 and the second end surface 36 form opposite surfaces. A fourth cutting edge 361 is provided on the second end surface 36, a fifth cutting edge 381 in the same direction as the fourth cutting edge 361 is provided on the second transition surface 38, and a sixth cutting edge 371 is provided on the second high step surface 37 along the direction from the fourth cutting edge 361 to the fifth cutting edge 381.

[0035] A fixing groove is provided on the tool body to fix the insert body 3. To improve the versatility of the fixing groove during the reuse of the insert structure and enhance the stability of the insert structure fixing, preferably, the insert body 3 is rotationally symmetric by 180 degrees with the axis of the first fixing hole as the center of symmetry. That is, the insert body 3 is overall in a Z shape and can achieve indexing reuse.

[0036] Similarly, the length of the sixth cutting edge 371 is 4 mm to 6 mm. The length of the fifth cutting edge 381 is 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0037] When the insert body 3 is rotationally symmetric by 180 degrees with the axis of the first fixing hole as the center of symmetry, the side clearance angle of the fourth cutting edge 361 is the same as that of the first cutting edge 321, both being 1°30′ to 2°30′. Exemplarily, as Figure 5 shown, the side clearance angle of the first cutting edge 321 is 2°. The rake angle of the fourth cutting edge 361, the sixth cutting edge 371, and the fifth cutting edge 381 is 10 - 12 degrees.

[0038] For the structure of the tool body, refer to Figure 5, the tool body 1 includes a fixed end and a cutting end. The structure of the fixed end is the same as the existing structure, and the cutting end is used to fix the blade body 3. After the fixed end of the tool body 1 is fixed on the tool control component, it rotates around the rotating shaft 5. After any one of the above-mentioned blade bodies 3 is fixed on the cutting end by bolts 4, the second cutting edge 331 is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft, and the first cutting edge 321 protrudes from the end face of the cutting end.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blade structure, comprising a blade body (3) provided with a first fixing hole (31), the blade body (3) having a first end face (32) and a second end face (36) opposite to the first end face (32), and a first cutting edge (321) is provided on the first end face (32); characterized in that: A first step structure is formed on the first side face of the blade body (3), and the first step structure includes a first high step face (33), a first transition face (34) opposite to the first end face (32), and a first low step face (35) sequentially arranged from the first end face (32) to the second end face (36). A third cutting edge (341) in the same direction as the first cutting edge (321) is provided on the first transition face (34); a second cutting edge (331) is provided on the first high step face (33) along the direction from the first cutting edge (321) to the third cutting edge (341).

2. The blade structure according to claim 1, wherein: A second step structure is formed on the second side face of the blade body (3) opposite to the first side face. The second step structure includes a second high step face (37), a second transition face (38) opposite to the second end face (36), and a second low step face (39) sequentially arranged from the second end face (36) to the first end face (32). A fourth cutting edge (361) is provided on the second end face (36), a fifth cutting edge (381) in the same direction as the fourth cutting edge (361) is provided on the second transition face (38), and a sixth cutting edge (371) is provided on the second high step face (37) along the direction from the fourth cutting edge (361) to the fifth cutting edge (381).

3. The blade structure according to claim 2, wherein: The blade body (3) is rotationally symmetric by 180 degrees with the axis of the first fixing hole as the center of symmetry.

4. A blade structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the sixth cutting edge (371) is 4 mm to 6 mm.

5. A blade structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the fifth cutting edge (381) is 2 mm to 3 mm.

6. The blade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the second cutting edge (331) is 4 mm to 6 mm.

7. A blade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the third cutting edge (341) is 2 mm to 3 mm.

8. A blade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearance angles of the first cutting edge (321), the second cutting edge (331), and the third cutting edge (341) are 10 - 12 degrees.

9. A blade structure according to claim 1, wherein: The side clearance angle of the first cutting edge (321) is 1°30′ to 2°30′.

10. A plunge milling cutter, comprising a cutter body (1) having a rotating shaft and at least one blade body (3) fixed to the cutter body, the cutter body including a fixed end and a cutting end, characterized in that: The blade body (3) is a blade structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The blade structure is fixed to the cutting end by a bolt (4) so that the second cutting edge (331) is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft.

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