Special tool for gear hobbing machine to machine splines at ends of square shafts

Abstract

The utility model relates to a special tool for a gear hobbing machine to machine a spline at the end of a square shaft, and belongs to the technical field of spline machining at the end of the square shaft. According to the technical scheme, a positioning seat is arranged on the upper surface of a base, a horizontally-arranged fixing square groove is formed in the top of the positioning seat, the width of the fixing square groove is matched with the width of the front face of a square shaft to be machined, and the center of the fixing square groove and the center of a first tip are located on the same vertical line; a positioning ruler is arranged above the positioning seat and located between the square shaft and the clamping arm, a positioning square groove is formed in one side of the positioning ruler, and the width of the positioning square groove is matched with the width of the back face of the square shaft to be machined. The position of the square shaft is fixed through the tool clamp, it is ensured that the front face of the square shaft is aligned with a machine tool of a gear hobbing machine, it is ensured that starting points of machining are the same each time, and the tooth crest center lines of circular shaft splines at the two ends of the square shaft are aligned with the center line of the front face of the square shaft or the tooth root center lines of the two side faces of the square shaft are aligned with the center lines of the circular shafts at the two ends of the square shaft. The requirement that the square shaft end machining spline datum plane does not deviate is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a special tool for machining splines at the end of a square shaft with a gear hobbing machine, belonging to the technical field of machining splines at the end of a square shaft. Background Art

[0002] Fixtures are commonly used auxiliary tools in mechanical processing, and their main function is to position and fix parts. Gear hobbing machines are the most widely used type of gear processing machines. Machine cutters (hobs) can be used to process straight teeth, helical teeth and herringbone teeth according to the development method. Machine cutters (hobs) can also be used to process workpieces with various special tooth shapes such as splines and sprockets. When the square shaft is processed by the gear hobbing machine, the upper and lower tips of the gear hobbing machine are required to support the tapered holes at both ends of the square shaft to position and fix the square shaft. When the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine processes the external spline at the end of the square shaft, the center of the involute root circle of the spline is required to be aligned with the center of the square shaft, and the center line of the spline tooth top of the circular shaft at both ends of the square shaft is required to be aligned with the center line of the front face of the square shaft, or the center line of the root of the circular shaft at both ends of the square shaft is required to be aligned with the center line of the side face of the square shaft. In the prior art, there is no special fixture for processing the spline at the end of the square shaft for positioning. The only way to align it manually is to place the upper and lower tops on the top of the tapered hole of the square shaft, align the front of the square shaft with the cutter of the gear hobbing machine, and manually measure and align it. It takes a long time and cannot ensure that the starting point of the processing is the same. There is a possibility of offset when the square shaft reference surface is installed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a special tooling for machining the splines at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine. The position of the square shaft is fixed by a tooling fixture to ensure that the front face of the square shaft is aligned with the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine, to ensure that the starting point of each machining is the same, to achieve alignment of the center line of the spline tooth tops of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the front face of the square shaft, or to achieve alignment of the center line of the root teeth of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the side face of the square shaft, to meet the requirement that the reference surface of the spline machining at the end of the square shaft is not offset, and to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A special tool for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine. A first center is provided on the clamping arm of the gear hobbing machine, a groove is provided at the center of the base of the gear hobbing machine, and a second center is provided at the bottom of the groove. A positioning seat is provided on the upper surface of the base, and a horizontally arranged fixed square groove is provided on the top of the positioning seat. The groove width of the fixed square groove matches the front width of the square shaft to be machined, and the center of the fixed square groove and the center of the first center are located on the same vertical line; a positioning ruler is provided above the positioning seat, and the positioning ruler is located between the square shaft and the clamping arm. A positioning square groove is provided on one side of the positioning ruler, and the groove width of the positioning square groove matches the back width of the square shaft to be machined. The other side of the positioning ruler is a straight line, which is parallel to the bottom of the positioning square groove. The positioning square groove of the positioning ruler is clamped on the back of the square shaft, and the other side of the positioning ruler is pressed against the clamping arm to keep the positioning ruler perpendicular to the center line of the square shaft.

[0006] Further, the groove of the base is a circular groove, the second tip is located at the center of the circular groove, and a boss is provided at the bottom of the groove around the second tip.

[0007] Further, a spring is provided at the bottom of the second tip, and the second tip can be telescopic.

[0008] Further, positioning holes one and two are respectively provided at both ends of the square shaft, and are respectively matched with the first tip and the second tip.

[0009] Further, a hole one is provided on the front surface of the square shaft, and a hole two is provided on the side surface for connecting the square shaft with other components; the front surface of the square shaft is placed in the fixed square groove of the positioning seat, the hole one is directly opposite to the fixed square groove, and the shaft body of the square shaft fits with the fixed square groove to ensure the stability of the square shaft and ensure that the square shaft and the base rotate synchronously during processing.

[0010] Further, the clamping arm includes a column, the clamping arm can move up and down, the clamping arm faces the cutter of the hobbing machine, the positioning ruler is placed between the column of the clamping arm and the square shaft and is perpendicular to the column, the positioning ruler is a regular quadrilateral plate and there is a hollow in the middle, and the positioning ruler frames on both sides of the hollow are used as handles for convenient gripping.

[0011] Further, the positioning seat includes a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the bottom plate is provided with fixing holes, and is fixed on the upper surface of the base through the cooperation of bolts and nuts, the vertical plate is fixed on the bottom plate and is arranged vertically upward, a horizontal plate is provided at the top of the vertical plate, the horizontal plate is arranged horizontally, and a positioning square groove is provided at the front end.

[0012] Further, a rib plate is provided between the bottom plate and the vertical plate to improve the strength of the positioning seat.

[0013] Further, there is one fixing hole on each of the left and right sides of the bottom plate of the positioning seat, and the positioning seat is fixed on the base through the cooperation of bolts, nuts and positioning holes with the base.

[0014] Further, splines are machined on the top of the square shaft, the positioning holes one and two at both ends of the square shaft are both conical holes, and the hole one on the front surface of the square shaft is higher than the hole two on the side surface of the square shaft.

[0015] The positive effects of the present utility model: The position of the square shaft is fixed by the tooling fixture, ensuring that the front surface of the square shaft is aligned with the cutter of the hobbing machine, ensuring that the starting point of each processing is the same, realizing the alignment of the center line of the tooth top of the circular shaft spline at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the front surface of the square shaft or the alignment of the center line of the tooth root on both sides of the square shaft with the center line of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft, meeting the requirement that the reference surface for machining the spline at the end of the square shaft does not shift. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of clamping the square shaft in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the clamping square shaft in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 3D view of the positioning seat in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 3D view of the positioning ruler in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 3D view of the square shaft in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] In the figure: clamping arm 1, first center point 2, square shaft 3, first positioning hole 31, spline 32, first hole 33, second hole 34, second positioning hole 35, positioning ruler 4, positioning groove 41, handle 42, positioning seat 5, fixed square groove 51, rib plate 52, fixing hole 53, bottom plate 54, vertical plate 55, horizontal plate 56, nut 6, base 7, second center point 8, groove 9, spring 10, column 11, boss 12, hollow 13. Specific implementation mode

[0022] The present utility model will be further elaborated in detail through the following embodiments.

[0023] A special tooling for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a hobbing machine. A first center point 2 is provided on the clamping arm 1 of the hobbing machine. A groove 9 is provided at the center of the base 7 of the hobbing machine. A second center point 8 is provided at the bottom of the groove 9. A positioning seat 5 is provided on the upper surface of the base 7. A horizontally arranged fixed square groove 51 is provided at the top of the positioning seat 5. The groove width of the fixed square groove 51 matches the width of the front surface of the square shaft to be machined. The center of the fixed square groove 51 and the center of the first center point 2 are on the same vertical line. A positioning ruler 4 is provided above the positioning seat 5. The positioning ruler 4 is located between the square shaft 3 and the clamping arm 1. A positioning square groove 41 is provided on one side of the positioning ruler 4. The groove width of the positioning square groove 41 matches the width of the back surface of the square shaft 3 to be machined. The other side of the positioning ruler 4 is a straight line, and this straight line is parallel to the bottom of the positioning square groove 41. The positioning square groove 41 of the positioning ruler 4 is stuck on the back surface of the square shaft 3, and the other side of the positioning ruler 4 is closely attached to the clamping arm 1 and keeps the positioning ruler 4 perpendicular to the center line of the square shaft 3.

[0024] Combined with the attached Figure 2 , the groove 9 of the base 7 is a circular groove, the second center point 8 is located at the center of the circular groove, and a boss 12 is provided at the bottom of the groove around the second center point 8.

[0025] Combined with the attached Figure 2 , a spring 10 is provided at the bottom of the second center point 8, and the second center point 8 can be telescopic.

[0026] Combined with the attached Figure 2, the clamping arm 1 includes a column 11. The clamping arm can move up and down. The clamping arm faces the cutter of the hobbing machine. The positioning ruler 4 is placed between the column 11 of the clamping arm 1 and the square shaft 3 and is perpendicular to the column. Referring to the appendix Figure 4 , the positioning ruler 4 is a regular quadrilateral plate with a hollow 13 in the middle. The frames of the positioning ruler 4 on the left and right sides of the hollow 13 serve as handles 42 for easy gripping.

[0027] Referring to the appendix Figure 3 , the positioning seat 5 includes a bottom plate 54 and a vertical plate 55. The bottom plate 54 is provided with a fixing hole 53 and is fixed on the upper surface of the base 7 by cooperating with bolts and nuts 6. The vertical plate 55 is fixed on the bottom plate 54 and is arranged vertically upward. A horizontal plate 56 is provided at the top of the vertical plate 55. The horizontal plate 56 is horizontally arranged and a fixing square groove 51 is provided at the front end.

[0028] Referring to the appendix Figure 3 , a rib plate 52 is provided between the bottom plate 54 and the vertical plate 55 to improve the strength of the positioning seat.

[0029] Referring to the appendix Figure 5 , positioning holes one 31 and two 35 are respectively provided at both ends of the square shaft 3 and are respectively matched with the center point one 2 and the center point two 8; a hole one 33 is provided on the front surface of the square shaft 3 and a hole two 34 is provided on the side surface for connecting the square shaft with other components; the front surface of the square shaft 3 is placed in the fixing square groove 51 of the positioning seat 5, the hole one 33 is directly opposite to the fixing square groove 51, and the front surface of the shaft body of the square shaft 3 fits with the fixing square groove 51 to ensure the stability of the square shaft 3 and ensure that the square shaft 3 and the base 7 rotate synchronously during processing.

[0030] During the positioning operation, the bottom end of the square shaft 3 is placed in the groove 9 of the base 7, and the center point one 2 and the center point two 8 respectively abut against both ends of the square shaft 3; the middle shaft body of the square shaft 3 is placed in the fixing square groove 51 of the positioning seat 5, the front surface of the square shaft 3 is directly opposite to the fixing square groove 51, and the front surface of the shaft body of the square shaft 3 fits with the fixing square groove 51; the positioning ruler 4 is placed between the clamping arm 1 and the square shaft 3, and the positioning square groove 41 of the positioning ruler 4 fits with the back surface of the shaft body of the square shaft 3. The front surface of the square shaft 3 is directly opposite to the cutter of the hobbing machine to complete the positioning; after the positioning is completed, the positioning ruler 4 is removed, and the cutter of the hobbing machine completes the processing of the spline 32 at the end of the square shaft 3.

[0031] In an embodiment, a method for processing the spline at the end of a square shaft by a hobbing machine is as follows:

[0032] During positioning operation, the bottom end of the square shaft 3 is placed in the groove 9 of the base 7. The second center point 8 abuts against the second positioning hole 35 at the tail end of the square shaft 3, and the first center point 2 abuts against the first positioning hole 31 at the top end of the square shaft 3. The first center point 2 is clamped by the clamping arm 1 of the hobbing machine and moves downward. The square shaft 3 presses against the second center point 8. Due to the action of the spring 10, the second center point 8 shrinks downward. The square shaft 3 contacts the boss 12 at the bottom of the groove 9. A number of bosses 12 are evenly arranged on the outer side of the second center point 8, increasing the frictional force between the square shaft 3 and the groove 9. When the first center point 2 presses downward, the square shaft 3 presses against the boss 12 at the bottom of the groove 9, ensuring that the center of the involute tooth root circle of the spline 32 aligns with the center of the square shaft 3 during machining;

[0033] The middle shaft body of the square shaft 3 is placed in the fixed square groove 51 of the positioning seat 5. The first hole 33 on the front of the square shaft 3 faces the fixed square groove 51 directly. The front of the shaft body of the square shaft 3 fits with the fixed square groove 51, ensuring the stability of the square shaft 3 and ensuring that the square shaft 3 and the base 7 rotate synchronously during machining;

[0034] Place the positioning ruler 4 between the clamping arm 1 and the square shaft 3. The positioning square groove 41 of the positioning ruler 4 fits with the back of the shaft body of the square shaft 3;

[0035] Rotate the base 7 so that the other side of the positioning ruler 4 is stuck on the clamping arm 1 and is perpendicular to the center of the square shaft. The front of the square shaft 3 faces the cutter of the hobbing machine, completing the positioning;

[0036] After positioning is completed, remove the positioning ruler 4, and the cutter of the hobbing machine completes the machining of the spline 32 at the end of the square shaft 3.

[0037] Through the positioning operation, it is ensured that the starting point of the square shaft 3 remains unchanged during machining, that the center of the involute tooth root circle of the spline 32 aligns with the center of the square shaft 3 during the machining of the end of the square shaft 3, that after the spline 32 is machined, the center lines of the tooth tops of the circular shaft splines 32 at both ends of the square shaft 3 are aligned with the front center line of the square shaft 3 or the center lines of the tooth roots of the circular shaft splines 32 at both ends of the square shaft 3 are aligned with the side center line of the square shaft 3, and that the reference plane for machining the spline at the end of the square shaft does not shift.

[0038] The utility model has reasonable design and simple structure. The square shaft 3 is clamped by the positioning seat 5 to fix the square shaft 3, ensuring the stability of the square shaft 3 during the machining process, ensuring that the square shaft 3 rotates with the base 7 during machining, and ensuring that the center of the involute tooth root circle aligns with the center of the square shaft 3 during machining. The angle of the square shaft 3 is determined by the positioning ruler 4, ensuring that the front of the square shaft 3 faces the cutter of the hobbing machine during machining, ensuring that after machining, the center lines of the tooth tops of the circular shaft splines 32 at both ends of the square shaft 3 are aligned with the front center line of the square shaft or the center lines of the tooth roots of the circular shaft splines at both ends of the square shaft are aligned with the side center line of the square shaft, avoiding the problems of long time and easy error caused by manual operation, and meeting the requirement that the reference plane for machining the spline at the end of the square shaft does not shift.

Claims

1. A special tooling for machining splines at the end of a square shaft on a hobbing machine. A first center point (2) is provided on the clamping arm (1) of the hobbing machine, and a groove (9) is provided at the center of the base (7) of the hobbing machine. A second center point (8) is provided at the bottom of the groove (9). It is characterized in that: A positioning seat (5) is arranged on the upper surface of the base (7). A horizontally arranged fixed square groove (51) is provided at the top of the positioning seat (5). The groove width of the fixed square groove (51) matches the front width of the square shaft to be processed. The center of the fixed square groove (51) and the center of the first center point (2) are on the same vertical line. A positioning ruler (4) is arranged above the positioning seat (5). The positioning ruler (4) is located between the square shaft (3) and the clamping arm (1). A positioning square groove (41) is arranged on one side of the positioning ruler (4). The groove width of the positioning square groove (41) matches the back width of the square shaft (3) to be processed. The other side of the positioning ruler (4) is a straight line, and this straight line is parallel to the bottom of the positioning square groove (41). The positioning square groove (41) of the positioning ruler (4) is stuck on the back of the square shaft (3), and the other side of the positioning ruler (4) is closely attached to the clamping arm (1) to keep the positioning ruler (4) perpendicular to the center line of the square shaft (3).

2. The special tooling for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping arm (1) includes a column (11). The clamping arm (1) can move up and down. The clamping arm (1) faces the cutter of the hobbing machine. The positioning ruler (4) is placed between the column (11) of the clamping arm (1) and the square shaft (3) and is perpendicular to the column (11). The positioning ruler (4) is a regular quadrilateral plate with a hollow (13) in the middle. The frames of the positioning ruler (4) on the left and right sides of the hollow (13) serve as handles (42).

3. The special tooling for machining splines at the end of a square shaft on a hobbing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioning seat (5) includes a bottom plate (54) and a vertical plate (55). Fixing holes (53) are provided on the bottom plate (54) and are fixed on the upper surface of the base (7) through the cooperation of bolts and nuts (6). The vertical plate (55) is fixed on the bottom plate (54) and is arranged vertically upward with respect to the bottom plate (54). A horizontal plate (56) is provided at the top of the vertical plate (55). The horizontal plate (56) is horizontally arranged, and a fixed square groove (51) is provided at the front end.

4. The special tooling for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft on a hobbing machine according to claim 3, wherein: A rib plate (52) is arranged between the bottom plate (54) and the vertical plate (55).

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