Planting industry non-point source pollution treatment system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a planting industry non-point source pollution treatment system which comprises a farmland, the farmland is obliquely arranged, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the farmland, a ditch is formed in the edge of the farmland, and the lower end of the farmland is communicated with the ditch through a drainage mechanism; an inner cavity of the ditch is divided into a plurality of water storage cavities by a plurality of percolation walls, an aeration mechanism is arranged at the bottom of each water storage cavity, filler is arranged in each water storage cavity, a lifting pump and a drainage pipe are arranged at one end, far away from the drainage mechanism, of the ditch, the lifting pump is connected with a circulating pipe, and the circulating pipe is communicated with the upper end of the farmland. According to the utility model, the field water in the farmland is discharged into the ditch, the field water sequentially passes through the plurality of percolation walls, organic matters such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the field water are intercepted after percolation, and meanwhile, pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen can be further decomposed by microorganisms on the filler, so that the removal rate is improved, and effective reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a treatment system for non-point source pollution in planting industry. Background Technique

[0002] With the treatment of river pollution, the water quality of many rivers has been significantly improved, and the effect of point source treatment is obvious. Non-point source has become the bottleneck for the continuous improvement of the water quality of the basin. In river water bodies, about 50% of nitrogen and phosphorus come from non-point sources such as agricultural planting, rural life, livestock, poultry and aquaculture. Especially in small watersheds concentrated with agriculture and rural areas, the water quality is unstable and the improvement is slow. The prevention and control of non-point source pollution in agriculture and rural areas of small watersheds has become the short board of water treatment and is also the focus of water environmental pollution treatment for a long time to come.

[0003] The planting of Chinese medicinal materials is the main economic pillar of many city and county residents. The fertilization amount of many Chinese medicinal materials is relatively large, which causes great pressure on river pollution. Among them, the planting of Alisma orientale is relatively typical. Alisma orientale likes warm, humid and sunny climate environments and is suitable to grow in soil close to water sources, rich in humus, good water retention and slightly sticky. It is not suitable to grow in cold-soaked soil with poor water retention or low soil temperature. Alisma orientale needs to be topdressed many times during the growth process. For the first time, 1500 kg of manure water or 5 kg of urea is applied per mu; for the second time, 20 kg / mu of compound fertilizer is used; for the third time, it is applied before the rows are closed, and 30 kg / mu of compound fertilizer is applied. During the growth period, it is advisable to irrigate the fields with shallow water. After transplanting, keep the water depth at 2-3 cm. After the second weeding, often keep the water depth at 3-7 cm. After mid-November, gradually drain the field water and carry out field baking to facilitate harvesting. Drainage is required during both the seedling raising and transplanting processes. Therefore, the planting of Alisma orientale will cause a large amount of pollutants to enter the downstream river channels and ditches.

[0004] At present, there are problems such as limited space for reducing chemical fertilizers at the source of non-point source pollution in planting industries such as Alisma orientale and low nitrogen and phosphorus reduction rates of process control technologies. There is an urgent need to develop a farmland non-point source control technology with a high reduction rate and suitable for high pollution loads. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a treatment system for non-point source pollution in planting industry, which can effectively reduce nitrogen and phosphorus in planting water and prevent pollution caused by planting sewage entering the river.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows: a treatment system for agricultural non-point source pollution, including farmland, the farmland is inclined, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the farmland, a ditch is arranged at the edge of the farmland, and the lower end of the farmland is communicated with the ditch through a drainage mechanism; the inner cavity of the ditch is divided into a plurality of water storage cavities by a plurality of percolation walls, an aeration mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cavity, packing is arranged in the water storage cavity, a lifting pump and a drainage pipe are arranged at one end of the ditch far away from the drainage mechanism, the lifting pump is connected with a circulation pipe, and the circulation pipe is communicated with the upper end of the farmland.

[0007] Furthermore, it further includes a first partition board, a second partition board and a third partition board. The first partition board is a water-proof board. Water passing holes are arranged in the upper part of the second partition board, and water passing holes are arranged in the lower part of the third partition board. Any two of the first partition board, the second partition board and the third partition board are arranged on both sides of the percolation wall.

[0008] Furthermore, slots are arranged on the side walls of the ditch on both sides of the percolation wall, and the first partition board, the second partition board or the third partition board is inserted into the slots.

[0009] Furthermore, handles are arranged at the tops of the first partition board, the second partition board and the third partition board.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting pump is connected with an anti-flushing main pipe, the anti-flushing main pipe is connected with a plurality of anti-flushing branch pipe networks, and each anti-flushing branch pipe network extends into the percolation wall.

[0011] Furthermore, an aeration pipe network is arranged at the bottom of the percolation wall, and the aeration pipe network is connected with an air supply pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water storage cavity where the lifting pump is located.

[0013] Furthermore, the percolation wall includes a plurality of percolation layers arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and there are differences in the particle sizes of the filter materials of adjacent two percolation layers.

[0014] Furthermore, the packing is a braided belt type packing arranged in a suspended manner.

[0015] Furthermore, the aeration mechanism is a disk type microporous aerator.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: the present utility model discharges the field water in the farmland into the ditch, and the field water sequentially passes through a plurality of percolation walls. After percolation, organic matters such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the field water are intercepted. At the same time, microorganisms on the packing can further decompose pollution components such as ammonia nitrogen, improving the removal rate and realizing the effective reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition, by aerating the field water, the oxygen content is increased to prevent water eutrophication. The treated field water can return to the farmland or be used as irrigation water for other fields, improving the water utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall top view schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the first partition board;

[0019] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the second partition board;

[0020] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the third partition board;

[0021] Figure 5 is the combined schematic diagram of the percolation wall and the partition board in Mode 1;

[0022] Figure 6 is the combined schematic diagram of the percolation wall and the partition board in Mode 2;

[0023] Figure 7 is the combined schematic diagram of the percolation wall and the partition board in Mode 3;

[0024] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of internal aeration of the percolation wall;

[0025] Reference numerals: 1 - farmland; 2 - percolation wall; 3 - water storage cavity; 4 - drainage mechanism; 5 - aeration mechanism; 6 - filler; 7 - lift pump; 8 - drain pipe; 9 - circulation pipe; 10 - water inlet pipe; 11 - first partition board; 12 - second partition board; 13 - third partition board; 14 - handle; 15 - backwashing main pipe; 16 - backwashing branch pipe network; 17 - aeration pipe network; 18 - air supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The treatment system for agricultural non-point source pollution of the present utility model, as Figures 1 to 8 shown, includes a farmland 1, and the farmland 1 is inclined. Specifically, the angle between the farmland 1 and the horizontal plane is about 5°, so as to automatically drain the field water when draining the field water. A water inlet pipe 10 is provided at the upper end of the farmland 1, and the water inlet pipe 10 is used to convey water into the farmland 1, and the water inlet pipe 10 can be connected to a water source such as a nearby river.

[0028] A ditch is provided at the edge of the farmland 1, and the lower end of the farmland 1 is communicated with the ditch through a drainage mechanism 4. The ditch can have a concrete bottom wall and side walls, and the cross-section can be in shapes such as a rectangle or a trapezoid. The drainage mechanism 4 can be components such as a drainage valve. When it is necessary to drain the field water in the farmland 1, the drainage valve can be opened. The inner cavity of the ditch is divided into a plurality of water storage cavities 3 by a plurality of percolation walls 2. The percolation walls 2 are used to percolate the field water to remove solid particles in the field water, and at the same time can intercept pollution components such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the field water.

[0029] The percolation wall 2 includes a plurality of percolation layers arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and there are differences in the filter material particle sizes between adjacent two percolation layers. The thickness of the percolation wall 2 is about 1 m and it can be arranged in different structures. For example, Structure 1: The upper part is provided with a filter material with a thickness of 0.5 m and a particle size of 3 - 5 cm, and the lower part is provided with a filter material with a thickness of 0.5 m and a particle size of 1.5 - 3 cm; Structure 2: The upper part is provided with a filter material with a thickness of 0.5 m and a particle size of 1.5 - 3 cm, and the lower part is provided with a filter material with a thickness of 0.5 m and a particle size of 3 - 5 cm; the filter material is limestone particles. Structure 1 and Structure 2 of the percolation wall 2 can be placed alternately, or can all be set to Structure 2 or Structure 1 according to needs, etc. Different structures, particle sizes, etc. can also be adopted according to the calculation results and actual needs. For example, a single percolation wall 2 can adopt gravel with the same particle size, and the particle sizes of different percolation walls 2 are different, etc. Using limestone gravel can form a stable operating microorganism - water - rock system and can further improve the decontamination efficiency.

[0030] An aeration mechanism 5 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage chamber 3. The aeration mechanism 5 can increase the oxygen content in the paddy water and prevent water eutrophication. A filler 6 is arranged in the water storage chamber 3. The filler 6 can provide a growth environment for microorganisms. The microorganisms can decompose components such as ammonia and nitrogen in the paddy water and improve the treatment effect. At one end of the ditch far away from the drainage mechanism 4, a lift pump 7 and a drain pipe 8 are arranged. The lift pump 7 is connected with a circulation pipe 9, and the circulation pipe 9 communicates with the upper end of the farmland 1. The lift pump 7 is used to discharge the treated water in the ditch. Specifically, the water can be discharged into the surrounding natural water body through the drain pipe 8, or the water can be conveyed to the upper end of the farmland 1 through the circulation pipe 9, so that the water re - enters the farmland 1 to achieve recycling. In addition, the water can also be conveyed to other fields for irrigation.

[0031] This system is applicable to farmlands with high pollution loads, especially paddy fields. It has strong applicability, good effects in denitrification, phosphorus removal, and degradation of organic matters. The effluent can be reused. The addition of the percolation wall 2 can strengthen the function of killing bacteria; the system process is simple, without power, and convenient for operation and maintenance.

[0032] This utility model further includes a first partition board 11, a second partition board 12, and a third partition board 13. The first partition board 11 is a water - proof board, that is, no water - passing holes are provided on the first partition board 11, and water can only flow over the top of the first partition board 11. Water - passing holes are provided in the upper part of the second partition board 12, and water can flow through the water - passing holes in the upper part of the second partition board 12; water - passing holes are provided in the lower part of the third partition board 13, and water can flow through the water - passing holes in the lower part of the third partition board 13. Any two of the first partition board 11, the second partition board 12, and the third partition board 13 are arranged on both sides of the percolation wall 2. The first partition board 11, the second partition board 12, and the third partition board 13 can adjust the water flow path, and different partition board combinations can be selected according to needs.

[0033] The present utility model divides the partition into three types: a, b, and c. The a-type partition is the first partition 11, which is a completely water-impermeable partition. When the percolation wall 2 operates for a long time, blockage problems may occur, and the backwashing system needs to be started. This partition is placed on one side of the percolation wall 2 to facilitate the flow of backwashing water to the water storage cavity 3 on the other side, avoiding the scattered collection of backwashing water. The b-type partition is the second partition 12, with the upper part permeable and the lower part impermeable. The c-type partition is the third partition 13, with the upper part impermeable and the lower part permeable. The second partition 12 and the third partition 13 can be used to adjust the flow of water through the upper or lower part of the percolation wall 2. By combining different partitions with the percolation wall 2, the dominant flow direction or flow rate of water can be adjusted, etc. For example, there are the following specific combination methods:

[0034] Method 1: Without placing partitions, the percolation walls 2 of Structure 1 and the percolation walls 2 of Structure 2 are alternately placed. The percolation wall 2 can pass water comprehensively. Since the particle size arrangements of the fillers in Structure 1 and Structure 2 are opposite, the dominant flow of water passes through the upper part of Structure 1 and then becomes the dominant flow passing through the lower part in Structure 2. The water flows crosswise up and down, and the fast-flowing and slow-flowing water fully mixes in the water storage cavity 3 and then is distributed into the next percolation wall 2. Fast infiltration and slow infiltration alternate, strengthening the decontamination effect.

[0035] Method 2: The percolation walls 2 of Structure 1 and the percolation walls 2 of Structure 2 are alternately placed. The b-type partitions are placed on both sides of the percolation wall 2 of Structure 1, and the c-type partitions are placed on both sides of the percolation wall 2 of Structure 2. In this way, the water can only pass through the coarse particle size fillers, similar to artificial rapid infiltration, which helps to remove organic matter.

[0036] Method 3: The percolation walls 2 of Structure 1 and the percolation walls 2 of Structure 2 are alternately placed. The c-type partitions are placed on both sides of the percolation wall 2 of Structure 1, and the c-type partitions are also placed on both sides of the percolation wall 2 of Structure 2. In this way, the water first passes through the fine particle size and then through the coarse particle size. Slow infiltration and fast infiltration alternate, forming an inverse rhythm percolation layer from fine to coarse, which can effectively improve the sewage treatment effect.

[0037] To facilitate the installation and disassembly of the first partition 11, the second partition 12, and the third partition 13, slots are provided on the side walls of the ditches on both sides of the percolation wall 2. The first partition 11, the second partition 12, or the third partition 13 is inserted into the slots. In addition, handles 14 are provided at the tops of the first partition 11, the second partition 12, and the third partition 13.

[0038] After the percolation wall 2 operates for a period of time, clogging may occur, so backwashing is required. Specifically, the lift pump 7 is connected to a main backwashing pipe 15, and the main backwashing pipe 15 is connected to a plurality of backwashing branch pipe networks 16, and each backwashing branch pipe network 16 extends into the percolation wall 2. After the water at the outlet end of the ditch is treated, the particle content is low and can be used for backwashing. During backwashing, the lift pump 7 is used to transport water into the main backwashing pipe 15, and the water is sprayed onto the percolation wall 2 through each backwashing branch pipe network 16. The water outlet direction of the backwashing branch pipe network 16 is opposite to the flow direction of the field water, so as to quickly flush out the solid impurities inside the percolation wall 2. The flow of water to each backwashing branch pipe network 16 can be controlled by valves and the like, so as to backwash each percolation wall 2 in turn. The silt at the bottom of the water storage chamber 3 needs to be cleaned every once in a while, and the percolation wall 2 can be backwashed while cleaning the silt.

[0039] If the drainage pollution load of the farmland 1 is relatively high, strengthening measures can also be added. To strengthen the ability to remove organic matter, aeration measures can be added inside the percolation wall 2. Specifically, an aeration pipe network 17 is arranged at the bottom of the percolation wall 2, and the aeration pipe network 17 is connected to an air supply pipe 18, and the air supply pipe 18 is connected to an air supply mechanism, such as equipment like a blower, which can transport the outside air to the aeration pipe network 17.

[0040] The filler 6 is a hanging braided belt type filler. Brackets are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the water storage chamber 3, and hooks are arranged on the brackets, and the braided belt type filler is hung on the brackets, and the filling rate is about 30%-50%. The layout of the filler adopts a wire strip making wool process, and the wire strips are interspersed and fixed on a corrosion-resistant and high-strength central rope, with just the right flexibility, so that the wire strips are arranged in a three-dimensional uniform radiation state, forming a single body of the hanging three-dimensional elastic braided belt type filler. The filler can be stretched and distributed three-dimensionally and uniformly in the effective area, so that the air, water and biofilm can be fully mixed and contacted and exchanged. The biofilm can not only be evenly attached to each wire strip, maintaining good activity and pore variability, but also can obtain an increasingly large specific surface area during operation, and can carry out good metabolism. Compared with the rigid honeycomb filler, the hanging three-dimensional elastic braided belt type filler has large pore variability and is not blocked; compared with the soft filler, the material has a long service life and does not adhere and agglomerate; compared with the semi-soft filler, it has a large specific surface area, rapid film formation and low cost.

[0041] The aeration mechanism 5 is a disk type microporous aerator. A disk type microporous aerator is arranged at the bottom of the water storage chamber 3 near the downstream. The diameter of a single aeration disk is φ215mm, the air ventilation volume is 1.5-2.0m3 / h, the service area is 0.25-0.35m2 / unit, the oxygen utilization efficiency is 35%-40%, and the average pore of the membrane is 80-100μm. A check valve is provided to prevent the backflow of water and gas. The aeration is arranged downstream, and the front section of the water storage pool is anoxic, so an anoxic-aerobic state can be formed, which can strengthen the removal of nitrogen and organic matter.

[0042] Ditch volume and retention time of paddy water: Taking 1 mu of Alisma orientale as an example, after the second weeding and tilling, the water depth is maintained at the maximum of 7 cm, and the paddy water is drained within 1 day, with the water volume being 667 m 2 × 0.07 m = 46.7 m 3 / d. Each water storage chamber 3 is 3 m wide, 2 m long, and 1 m deep. The percolation wall 2 is 2 m long and wide and 1 m deep. The volume of 1 water storage chamber 3 is 2 × 4 × 1 = 8 m 3 , and the porosity of the packing of the percolation wall 2 is 0.3. The volume of 1 percolation wall 2 is 2 × 3 × 1 × 0.3 = 1.8 m 3 , considering a 1.2-fold margin, according to 46.7 × 1.2 = 56 m 3 , it is calculated that 6 water storage pools and 5 percolation walls are required. The volume, quantity, width, length, etc. of the water storage pools and percolation walls can all be calculated and adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0043] The water inlet pipe 10 is connected to the water storage chamber 3 where the lift pump 7 is located. When the water volume in the water storage chamber 3 where the lift pump 7 is located is insufficient, the water from the water source can be transported to the water storage chamber 3 where the lift pump 7 is located through the water inlet pipe 10 for backwashing and the like.

[0044] In a certain Alisma orientale planting area in a region, this system is used to treat the paddy water, and then the ditch drainage is sampled and detected. The chemical oxygen demand is 54 - 129 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen is 4.5 - 25.8 mg / L, the total phosphorus is 0.62 - 1.82 mg / L, and the permanganate index is 14.6 - 34.6 mg / L, all exceeding the Class III surface water standard and even reaching the inferior Class V. This treatment system can efficiently reduce pollutants. Especially after adding strengthening measures, the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and organic matter reduction are better. The comprehensive removal rate is about 40% to 60%. Especially the total phosphorus removal rate can reach 60% - 80%. If better water quality requirements are needed in the basin, subsequent treatment processes need to be added.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cropping non-point source pollution treatment system, characterized in that: It includes a farmland (1), the farmland (1) is inclined, a water inlet pipe (10) is arranged at the upper end of the farmland (1), a ditch is arranged at the edge of the farmland (1), and the lower end of the farmland (1) is communicated with the ditch through a drainage mechanism (4); the inner cavity of the ditch is divided into a plurality of water storage cavities (3) by a plurality of percolation walls (2), an aeration mechanism (5) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cavity (3), a filler (6) is arranged in the water storage cavity (3), a lift pump (7) and a drain pipe (8) are arranged at one end of the ditch away from the drainage mechanism (4), the lift pump (7) is connected with a circulation pipe (9), and the circulation pipe (9) is communicated with the upper end of the farmland (1).

2. The planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a first partition board (11), a second partition board (12) and a third partition board (13), the first partition board (11) is a water-proof board, water passing holes are arranged at the upper part of the second partition board (12), water passing holes are arranged at the lower part of the third partition board (13), and any two of the first partition board (11), the second partition board (12) and the third partition board (13) are arranged on both sides of the percolation wall (2).

3. The crop planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Slots are arranged on the side walls of the ditch on both sides of the percolation wall (2), and the first partition board (11), the second partition board (12) or the third partition board (13) is inserted into the slots.

4. The planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 3, wherein: Handles (14) are arranged at the tops of the first partition board (11), the second partition board (12) and the third partition board (13).

5. The crop planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The lift pump (7) is connected with an anti-flushing main pipe (15), the anti-flushing main pipe (15) is connected with a plurality of anti-flushing branch pipe networks (16), and each anti-flushing branch pipe network (16) extends into the percolation wall (2).

6. The planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration pipe network (17) is arranged at the bottom of the percolation wall (2), and the aeration pipe network (17) is connected with an air supply pipe (18).

7. The planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (10) is communicated with the water storage cavity (3) where the lift pump (7) is located.

8. The crop planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The percolation wall (2) includes a plurality of percolation layers arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and there are differences in the filter material particle sizes of adjacent two percolation layers.

9. The crop planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The filler (6) is a hanging braided belt type filler.

10. The planting non-point source pollution treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration mechanism (5) is a disk type microporous aerator.

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