Unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a portable ground object spectrometer, a load plate and a controller, and is characterized in that the load plate is fixedly arranged below an unmanned aerial vehicle body; a flight control system is arranged in the unmanned aerial vehicle; the controller comprises a voltage stabilizing chip, a relay and a single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip, and the flight control system is connected with the relay through the voltage stabilizing chip and provides stable voltage for the relay; the voltage output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is also connected with a COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip; a built-in computer of the portable ground object spectrometer is connected with two output pins of the relay; a PWM signal output by the flight control system is used for controlling the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip to apply the voltage output by the voltage stabilizing chip to a pin I1 or a pin I2 of the relay, and then the collection action of the portable ground object spectrometer is controlled. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of engineering geological remote sensing survey, and particularly relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, with the development and application of hyperspectral technology, based on the unique spectral absorption peaks and reflection peaks of rock minerals as the basis for lithologic interpretation, lithologic interpretation based on hyperspectral analysis has gradually become one of the important means of geological exploration. At present, the field collection of spectral characteristics of rock minerals mainly relies on operators to hold portable ground object spectrometers to complete. This operation method mainly has the following two disadvantages:

[0003] (1) The overall quality of mainstream portable ground object spectrometers and their accessories is generally above 5 kg, and the efficiency of personnel carrying spectrometers to collect spectral characteristics of rocks is relatively low;

[0004] (2) It is difficult for personnel to reach steep slopes, swamps, rooftops of temporary buildings or areas without access roads and rock areas, and the operation risk coefficient is relatively high.

[0005] To overcome the above drawbacks, researchers mount portable ground object spectrometers on UAVs for ground measurement, which improves the operation efficiency and expands the application scenarios of portable ground object spectrometers. However, the existing devices have the following disadvantages:

[0006] (1) The controller is complex, the spectral measurement trigger mechanism is not concise enough, and it is difficult to control the portable ground object spectrometer during the UAV flight operation.

[0007] (2) During the UAV flight operation, two actions of collecting spectral characteristics of the reference whiteboard and the target to be measured are required. Therefore, it needs to be manually set after the UAV lands on the ground, resulting in low efficiency of UAV spectral information collection in a meteorological environment where the sun and the atmosphere change rapidly.

[0008] (3) There are no shock-absorbing components, and the load board and the instrument are rigidly connected by bolts, etc., which is easy to scratch the instrument. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device based on a simple spectral measurement trigger mechanism.

[0010] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device, comprising a UAV, a portable ground object spectrometer, a load board and a controller, wherein: the load board is fixedly installed under the body of the UAV and is used to fix the portable ground object spectrometer and the controller; a flight control system is arranged inside the UAV, and the flight control system can output PWM signals and voltages; the controller includes a voltage stabilizing chip, a relay and a single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip, wherein:

[0012] The flight control system is connected to the relay through the voltage stabilizing chip to provide a stable voltage for the relay;

[0013] The voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip is also connected to the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip;

[0014] The built-in computer of the portable ground object spectrometer is connected to the O1 pin and the O2 pin of the relay;

[0015] The PWM signal output by the flight control system is used to control the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip to apply the voltage output by the voltage stabilizing chip to the I1 pin or the I2 pin of the relay, thereby controlling the portable ground object spectrometer to collect the spectral characteristics of the reference whiteboard or the target to be measured.

[0016] In the above device, the IN+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the VCC pin of the flight control system; the OUT+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is respectively connected to the D+ pin of the relay and the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip; the CH0 pin and the CH1 pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip are respectively connected to the I1 and I2 pins of the relay; the PMW pin of the flight control system is connected to the SEL pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip.

[0017] In the above device, the OUT- pin and IN- pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, the D- pin of the relay, the GND pin of the flight control system, and the GND pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip are all grounded.

[0018] The load board includes a bottom plate and a top plate, which are supported by four support rods, and the load board is fixed directly below the UAV through a connection structure. The portable ground object spectrometer is installed between the bottom plate 14 and the top plate 15.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present invention, the top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV through four connecting rods, and the controller is fixed on the top plate.

[0020] Preferably, necessary openings are also provided on the bottom plate of the load board to adapt to the shape of the bottom of the portable ground object spectrometer.

[0021] Preferably, vibration isolation materials are pasted on the surfaces of the opposite sides of the bottom plate and the top plate.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) In the utility model, the controller is developed based on a relay, with a simple structure; the triggering mechanism of the portable ground object spectrometer is concise, solving the problem of difficult control of the spectrometer during the flight operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0024] (2) The utility model controls two actions of the portable ground object spectrometer to collect the spectral characteristics of the reference white board and the target to be measured through the flight control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle. It solves the problem that the prior art needs to be manually set after the unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the ground, avoids the problem of low efficiency of spectral information collection of the unmanned aerial vehicle in a meteorological environment where the sun and the atmosphere change rapidly, and improves the work efficiency.

[0025] (3) In the utility model, shock-absorbing materials are laid on the contact surface between the load plate and the spectrometer, enabling the portable ground object spectrometer to be closely attached to the load plate, solving the problem of the existing device having no shock-absorbing components and relying on hard connection by bolts, and avoiding scratching the portable ground object spectrometer. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is a circuit connection schematic diagram of the flight control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the controller in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 is a logic structure diagram of the main pins of the single-pole double-throw 5V low-resistance analog switch chip CH443K in the utility model.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 10. Airframe 11. Arm 12. Portable ground object spectrometer 13. Landing gear 14. Bottom plate 15. Top plate

[0031] 16. Controller Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The technical solutions of the utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device of the utility model includes an unmanned aerial vehicle, a portable ground object spectrometer 12, a load plate, and a controller 16.

[0035] Specifically, the drone is a commercially available product, including a fuselage 10, arms 11 (not fully shown in the figure), a landing gear 13, and propellers (not shown in the figure) and motors (not shown in the figure) mounted on the arms. A flight control system, a data link system, a launch and recovery system, a power supply system, and a control system for controlling balance and speed are provided inside the fuselage 10. Among them, the flight control system can output PWM signals and voltages. The flight control system is equivalent to the heart of the drone system and has an important impact on the stability of the drone, the reliability, accuracy, and real-time performance of data transmission, etc.

[0036] The load board includes a bottom plate 14 and a top plate 15. The bottom plate 14 and the top plate 15 are supported by four support rods. The load board is fixed directly below the drone through a connection structure. In the Figure 1 embodiment shown, the load board is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone through four connecting rods. The top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone through four connecting rods. The controller 16 is fixed on the top plate.

[0037] In addition, necessary openings are also provided on the bottom plate of the load board to adapt to the shape of the bottom of the portable ground object spectrometer. Vibration isolation materials are pasted on the surfaces of the bottom plate and the top plate on the opposite sides.

[0038] The controller 16 is developed based on a relay and includes a voltage regulator chip, a relay KA, and a single-pole double-throw 5V low-resistance analog switch chip CH443K. Among them: The flight control system is connected to the relay through the voltage regulator chip to provide a stable voltage for the relay; the voltage output terminal of the voltage regulator chip is also connected to the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip.

[0039] The PWM signal output by the flight control system is used to control the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip to apply the voltage output by the voltage regulator chip to the I1 pin or the I2 pin of the relay, thereby controlling the portable ground object spectrometer to collect the spectral characteristics of the reference whiteboard or the target to be measured.

[0040] The portable ground object spectrometer 12 is a commercially available product and is used to measure and analyze the spectral characteristics of ground object samples. The portable ground object spectrometer is installed between the bottom plate 14 and the top plate 15 of the load board.

[0041] Preferably, vibration isolation materials are pasted on the surfaces of the bottom plate 14 and the top plate 15 on the opposite sides. While playing a role in shock absorption, it can also increase the friction between the portable ground object spectrometer and the load board and make the portable ground object spectrometer fit tightly with the bottom plate 14 and the top plate 15. Necessary openings can be provided on the bottom plate 14 to adapt to the shape of the bottom of the portable ground object spectrometer.

[0042] The built-in computer of the portable ground object spectrometer 12 is respectively connected to the pin O1 (the first output port), the pin O2 (the second output port) and the GND of the relay KA.

[0043] See Figure 2 , the flight control system of the drone is connected to the relay through the voltage stabilizing chip to provide a stable voltage for the relay; the voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip is also connected to the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip. Specifically, the IN+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the VCC pin of the flight control system; the OUT+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is respectively connected to the D+ pin of the relay and the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip; the CH0 pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip is connected to the I1 pin of the relay, and the CH1 pin is connected to the I2 pin of the relay. The IN+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the VCC pin of the flight control system; the OUT+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is respectively connected to the D+ pin of the relay and the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip; the CH0 pin and the CH1 pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip are respectively connected to the I1 and I2 pins of the relay; the PMW pin of the flight control system is connected to the SEL pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip.

[0044] The OUT- pin and IN- pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, the D- pin of the relay, the GND pin of the flight control system, and the GND pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip are all grounded.

[0045] The flight control system of the drone supplies power to the relay KA. In this embodiment, on the one hand, the voltage stabilizing chip stabilizes the voltage output by the flight control system at 5V to prevent the relay from being affected when the voltage of the flight control system is abnormal. On the other hand, it prevents the voltage abnormality caused by the short circuit of the relay KA from affecting the flight control system of the drone.

[0046] The COM pin of the single-pole double-throw 5V low-resistance analog switch chip (hereinafter referred to as the chip) CH443K is connected to the OUT+ of the voltage stabilizing chip; the SEL pin of the chip CH443K is connected to the PWM signal output port of the drone flight control system; the chip CH443K is connected to the relay KA.

[0047] The chip CH443K can be used for AND / OR / NOT simple logic gate functions. The pins and functions of the chip CH443K are shown in the following table:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] The logical structure of the main pins of the chip CH443K is shown in Figure 3 , where the pins selected for conduction in the chip CH443K are selected and switched by the SEL pin, and its control table is as follows:

[0051] SEL COM 0 Select CH0 1 Select CH1

[0052] The ports of the relay KA include a first output port O1, a second output port O2, a GND port, an I1 port, an I2 port, a D+ port, and a D- port. The relay is connected to the flight control system of the drone.

[0053] The state of the single-pole double-throw 5V low-resistance analog switch chip CH443K is controlled by outputting a PWM signal through the flight control system of the drone. Furthermore, the flight control system controls the relay KA through the state of the chip CH443K, so that the flight control system of the drone controls the portable ground object spectrometer to complete two actions of collecting the spectral characteristics of the reference whiteboard and the target to be measured.

[0054] Specifically, when the PWM duty cycle output by the flight control system of the drone is less than 50%, that is, the input of the SEL pin of the chip CH443K is at a low level, the CH0 and COM ports of the chip CH443K are connected (COM is connected to the positive power supply). Since the I1 port of the relay KA is connected to CH0, I1 gets a high level, and the O1 port of the relay KA is shorted to the GND port. At this time, the computer built into the portable ground object spectrometer controls the portable ground object spectrometer to collect the spectral characteristics of the reference whiteboard.

[0055] Similarly, when the PWM duty cycle output by the flight control system of the drone is greater than 50%, that is, the input of the SEL pin of the chip CH443K is at a high level, the CH1 and COM ports of the chip CH443K are connected (COM is connected to the positive power supply). Since the I2 port of the relay KA is connected to CH1, I2 gets a high level, and the O2 port of the relay KA will be shorted to the GND port. At this time, the computer built into the portable ground object spectrometer controls the portable ground object spectrometer to collect the spectral characteristics of the measurement target.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device, characterized in that: It includes a drone, a portable ground object spectrometer, a load board and a controller, wherein: The load board is fixedly installed under the body of the drone and is used to fix the portable ground object spectrometer and the controller; A flight control system is arranged in the drone, and the flight control system can output PWM signals and voltage; The controller includes a voltage stabilizing chip, a relay and a single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip, wherein: The flight control system is connected to the relay through the voltage stabilizing chip to provide stable voltage for the relay; The voltage output terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip is also connected to the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip; The built-in computer of the portable ground object spectrometer is connected to the O1 pin and O2 pin of the relay; The PWM signal output by the flight control system is used to control the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip to apply the voltage output by the voltage stabilizing chip to the I1 pin or I2 pin of the relay, thereby controlling the portable ground object spectrometer to collect the spectral characteristics of the reference whiteboard or the target to be measured.

2. The drone hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device according to claim 1, wherein: The IN+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the VCC pin of the flight control system; The OUT+ pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is respectively connected to the D+ pin of the relay and the COM pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip; The CH0 pin and CH1 pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip are respectively connected to the I1 and I2 pins of the relay; The PMW pin of the flight control system is connected to the SEL pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip.

3. The drone hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The OUT- pin and IN- pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, the D- pin of the relay, the GND pin of the flight control system, and the GND pin of the single-pole double-throw low-resistance analog switch chip are all grounded.

4. The drone hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load board includes a bottom plate and a top plate, and the two are supported by four support rods, and the load board is fixed directly below the drone through a connection structure.

5. The drone hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The portable ground object spectrometer is installed between the bottom plate and the top plate.

6. The high - spectral geological remote - sensing survey device for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone through four connecting rods, and the controller is fixed on the top plate.

7. The drone hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Necessary openings are also provided on the bottom plate of the load board to adapt to the shape of the bottom of the portable ground object spectrometer.

8. The drone hyperspectral geological remote sensing survey device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Vibration isolation materials are pasted on the surfaces of the bottom plate and the top plate on the opposite sides.

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