Optical waveguide plate, optical lens and electronic device

Abstract

The utility model provides an optical waveguide plate, an optical lens and an electronic device. The optical waveguide plate comprises a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two super surfaces are arranged on the base material, each super surface comprises at least two super structure columns, and the at least two super structure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column comprises at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures. Therefore, when the optical waveguide plate with the metasurface is applied to the optical lens, light can be reflected back and forth in the optical waveguide plate to achieve light path folding, so that the back focal length is increased under the condition that the size is not increased, and the magnification of the optical lens and the compression of the size are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an optical lens and an electronic device, and more particularly to an optical lens and an electronic device having a waveguide plate to increase the back focal length and reduce the volume. Background Art

[0002] To meet the needs of users, the shooting magnification of the optical lens of mobile phones has gradually increased, and the increase in magnification will lengthen the back focal length of the optical lens, making it easy for the total length of the optical lens to exceed the thickness of the mobile phone and unable to be accommodated inside the mobile phone. Although the periscope design can solve the problem that the optical lens cannot be set inside the mobile phone, the periscope design will compress the setting space of other components of the mobile phone due to the increase in magnification.

[0003] Therefore, in order to increase the shooting magnification and reduce the volume, it is necessary to actively develop an optical lens setting technology with both high shooting magnification and small volume. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The present disclosure provides a waveguide plate, an optical lens and an electronic device, which generate a phase difference of light by designing a superstructure with a specific configuration on the waveguide plate, and generate a phase difference change by a superstructure column arranged in a specific arrangement, so that the metasurface has the effect of increasing the deflection angle of light. Furthermore, when the waveguide plate with the metasurface is applied to the optical lens, the light can be reflected back and forth inside the waveguide plate to achieve optical path folding, so as to increase the back focal length without increasing the volume, which helps to improve the magnification of the optical lens and compress the volume.

[0005] According to the present disclosure, a waveguide plate is provided, which includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface includes at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column includes at least two superstructure groups, each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures, and the shape of each superstructure is columnar. The maximum adjacent center distance of the at least two superstructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of superstructures in each superstructure group is QmMax, which satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 3 nm·unit.

[0006] According to the foregoing waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the height of each superstructure is Hm, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following condition: 4.7 ≤ Hm / RgMin.

[0007] According to the foregoing waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the height of each superstructure is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center distance of the at least two superstructures is DmMax, which can satisfy the following condition: 1.75 < Hm / DmMax.

[0008] According to the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the maximum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMax, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 15.

[0009] According to the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 50 nm / unit.

[0010] According to the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.6.

[0011] According to the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the deflection angle of the light rays passing through each metasurface is Sd, which can satisfy the following conditions: 5 degrees ≤ Sd.

[0012] According to the present disclosure, an optical lens is provided, which includes the optical waveguide plate as described in the previous paragraph.

[0013] According to the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that it may further include at least three optical lenses, and the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path.

[0014] According to the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that the viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which can satisfy the following conditions: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.

[0015] According to the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that the main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which can satisfy the following conditions: AOI ≤ 30 degrees.

[0016] According to the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that the total focal length of the optical lens is F, and the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, which can satisfy the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 1.3.

[0017] According to the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, which includes the optical lens as described in the previous paragraph.

[0018] According to the present disclosure, another optical waveguide plate is provided, which includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface includes at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. The height of each superstructure is Hm, and the refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which satisfy the following conditions: 400 nm < Hm; and Ns ≤ 1.6.

[0019] Based on the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the maximum adjacent center distance of at least two superstructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of superstructures in each superstructure group is QmMax, which can satisfy the following condition: DmMax×QmMax / 1000≤2nm·unit.

[0020] Based on the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the height of each superstructure is Hm, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following condition: 30≤Hm / RgMin≤70.

[0021] Based on the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the height of each superstructure is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center distance of at least two superstructures is DmMax, which can satisfy the following condition: 2≤Hm / DmMax.

[0022] Based on the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the maximum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMax, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following condition: 5≤RgMax / RgMin≤9.

[0023] Based on the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, which can satisfy the following condition: 20nm / unit≤SlopR≤30nm / unit.

[0024] Based on the foregoing optical waveguide plate, it is characterized in that the deflection angle of the light passing through each metasurface is Sd, which can satisfy the following condition: 10 degrees≤Sd.

[0025] According to the present disclosure, an optical lens is further provided, which includes the optical waveguide plate as described in the previous paragraph.

[0026] Based on the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that it may further include at least three optical lenses, and the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path.

[0027] Based on the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that the viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which can satisfy the following condition: FOV≤40 degrees.

[0028] Based on the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that the main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which can satisfy the following condition: AOI≤30 degrees.

[0029] According to the foregoing optical lens, it is characterized in that it may further include five optical lenses. The five optical lenses are, in order from the object side to the image side of the optical path, a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens, and a fifth optical lens. The maximum adjacent center spacing of at least two superstructures is DmMax, the maximum number of superstructures in each superstructure group is QmMax, the height of each superstructure is Hm, the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, the radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, the light deflection angle of each metasurface is Sd, the viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, the main incident angle of the optical lens on the waveguide plate is AOI, the total focal length of the optical lens is F, the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the first optical lens is R1, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the first optical lens is R2, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the second optical lens is R3, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the second optical lens is R4, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the third optical lens is R5, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the third optical lens is R6, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens is R7, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the fourth optical lens is R8, the curvature radius of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens is R9, and the curvature radius of the image side surface of the fifth optical lens is R10, which can satisfy the following conditions: 0 nm·unit < DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.1 nm·unit; 45 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 50; 25 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 30 nm / unit; 15 degrees ≤ Sd; FOV ≤ 15 degrees; AOI ≤ 10 degrees; 0 < F / BL ≤ 1; |R1 / R2| ≤ 5; |R3 / R4| ≤ 5; |R5 / R6| ≤ 5; |R7 / R8| ≤ 5; and |R9 / R10| ≤ 5.

[0030] According to the present disclosure, an electronic device is further provided, including the optical lens described in the previous paragraph. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] To make the above and other objects, features, advantages, and embodiments of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, the descriptions of the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a side view of the waveguide plate showing the first embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 a plan view of the waveguide plate;

[0034] Figure 3A It shows Figure 2 a top view of the superstructure of the waveguide plate;

[0035] Figure 3B It shows Figure 3ASide view schematic diagram of the superstructure;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the first embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0041] Figure 9 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0042] Figure 10 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment and the radius of the superstructure;

[0043] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram showing the optical lens of the eighth embodiment; and

[0044] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram showing the optical lens of the ninth embodiment.

[0045]

Symbol Explanation

[0046] 10, 21, 31: Optical waveguide plate

[0047] 11: Substrate

[0048] 12: Metasurface

[0049] 121: Superstructure column

[0050] 122: Superstructure group

[0051] 123: Superstructure

[0052] 124: Top surface of the superstructure

[0053] 125: Bottom surface of the superstructure

[0054] 20, 30: Optical lens

[0055] E1: First optical lens

[0056] E2: Second optical lens

[0057] E3: Third optical lens

[0058] E4: Fourth optical lens

[0059] E5: Fifth optical lens

[0060] E6: First filter element

[0061] IMG: Imaging surface

[0062] IS: Electronic photosensitive element

[0063] L: Light ray

[0064] Dm: Adjacent center spacing of the superstructure

[0065] DmMax: Maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructure

[0066] QmMax: Maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group

[0067] Hm: Height of the superstructure

[0068] Rm: Radius of the superstructure

[0069] RgMax: Maximum superstructure radius of the superstructure group

[0070] RgMin: Minimum superstructure radius of the superstructure group

[0071] SlopR: Radius slope of the superstructure group

[0072] Nm: Refractive index of the superstructure

[0073] Ns: Refractive index of the substrate

[0074] Sd: Deflection angle of the light ray passing through the metasurface

[0075] FOV: Viewing angle of the optical lens

[0076] AOI: Main incident angle of the optical lens on the waveguide plate

[0077] BL: Back focal length of the optical lens

[0078] R1: Curvature radius of the object side surface of the first optical lens

[0079] R2: Curvature radius of the image side surface of the first optical lens

[0080] R3: Curvature radius of the object side surface of the second optical lens

[0081] R4: Curvature radius of the image side surface of the second optical lens

[0082] R5: Curvature radius of the object side surface of the third optical lens

[0083] R6: Curvature radius of the image side surface of the third optical lens

[0084] R7: Curvature radius of the object side surface of the fourth optical lens

[0085] R8: Curvature radius of the image side surface of the fourth optical lens

[0086] R9: Curvature radius of the object side surface of the fifth optical lens

[0087] R10: Curvature radius of the image side surface of the fifth optical lens

[0088] F: Total focal length of the optical lens

[0089] F1: Focal length of the first optical lens

[0090] F2: Focal length of the second optical lens

[0091] F3: Focal length of the third optical lens

[0092] F4: Focal length of the fourth optical lens

[0093] F5: Focal length of the fifth optical lens

[0094] POW1: Refractive power of the first optical lens

[0095] POW2: Refractive power of the second optical lens

[0096] POW3: Refractive power of the third optical lens

[0097] POW4: Refractive power of the fourth optical lens

[0098] POW5: Refractive power of the fifth optical lens Detailed implementation manners

[0099] An embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure provides an optical waveguide plate, comprising a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column comprises at least two superstructure groups, each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures, and the shape of each superstructure is columnar. Thus, by designing superstructures with a specific configuration to generate a phase difference of light, and generating a phase difference change with superstructure columns arranged in a specific manner, the metasurface has the effect of increasing the deflection angle of light. When the optical waveguide plate with the metasurface is applied to an optical lens, light can be reflected back and forth inside the optical waveguide plate to achieve optical path folding, so as to lengthen the back focal length without increasing the volume, which helps to improve the magnification of the optical lens and compress the volume.

[0100] Another embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure provides an optical waveguide plate, comprising a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column comprises at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group comprises at least two superstructures. Thus, by generating a phase difference change with superstructure columns arranged in a specific manner, the metasurface has the effect of increasing the deflection angle of light. When the optical waveguide plate with the metasurface is applied to an optical lens, light can be reflected back and forth inside the optical waveguide plate to achieve optical path folding, so as to lengthen the back focal length without increasing the volume, which helps to improve the magnification of the optical lens and compress the volume.

[0101] The maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two superstructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of superstructures in each superstructure group is QmMax, which can satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 3 nm·unit. By restricting the maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructures and the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group, it helps to increase the deflection angle of the metasurface for light. Or, it can satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 2.5 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 2 nm·unit. By restricting the maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructures and the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group, it helps to further increase the deflection angle of the metasurface for light. Or, it can satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.5 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.25 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following condition: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.2 nm·unit. Or, it can satisfy the following condition: 0 nm·unit < DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.1 nm·unit.

[0102] The height of each superstructure is Hm, which can satisfy the following conditions: 400 nm < Hm. By satisfying the height of the superstructure, it is ensured that the phase of the superstructure is sufficient to generate a phase difference, which helps the occurrence of light deflection. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 450 nm ≤ Hm. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 500 nm ≤ Hm < 1000 nm. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 550 nm ≤ Hm ≤ 900 nm.

[0103] The refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.6. By restricting the refractive index of the substrate, it helps to increase the deflection angle of light by the metasurface. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.55. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.51. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.50. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.48. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.46.

[0104] The height of each superstructure is Hm, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following conditions: 4.7 ≤ Hm / RgMin. By satisfying the ratio of the superstructure height to the minimum superstructure radius of the superstructure group, an obvious phase difference is generated between the superstructures, which is beneficial to the design of the light deflection angle. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 5 ≤ Hm / RgMin. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 10 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 100. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 20 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 80. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 30 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 70. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 40 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 60. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 45 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 50.

[0105] The height of each superstructure is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center distance of at least two superstructures is DmMax, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1.75 < Hm / DmMax. By satisfying the ratio of the superstructure height to the adjacent center distance of the superstructure, the superstructure density of the metasurface can be increased, and the metasurface can be prevented from being damaged, which helps to improve the durability of the metasurface. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 1.8 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 10. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 1.9 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 5. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 2 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 3.5. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 2.05 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 3. Or, it can satisfy the following conditions: 2.1 ≤ Hm / DmMax ≤ 2.4.

[0106] The maximum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMax, and the minimum superstructure radius of each superstructure group is RgMin, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 15. By designing the ratio of the maximum superstructure radius to the minimum superstructure radius of a specific superstructure group, the phase drop of the superstructure group can be reduced, which helps to improve the stability of light deflection. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 3 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 13. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 4 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 12. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 5 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 9. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 6 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 8.

[0107] The radius slope of each superstructure group is SlopR, which can satisfy the following conditions: 1 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 50 nm / unit. By designing the radius slope of a specific superstructure group, the phase difference change of the superstructure group is gentle, which helps to further improve the stability of light deflection. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 5 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 40 nm / unit. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 10 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 35 nm / unit. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 20 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 30 nm / unit. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 25 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 30 nm / unit.

[0108] The light deflection angle of each metasurface is Sd, which can satisfy the following conditions: 5 degrees ≤ Sd. By designing a metasurface with a larger deflection angle, total internal reflection is more likely to occur in the optical waveguide plate, and the setting of the reflective coating can be omitted, which helps to streamline the manufacturing process and reduce production costs. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 10 degrees ≤ Sd. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 15 degrees ≤ Sd. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 18 degrees ≤ Sd. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following conditions: 21 degrees ≤ Sd.

[0109] The optical waveguide plate described in this disclosure may include a substrate and a metasurface. The optical waveguide plate may include at least one metasurface, at least two metasurfaces, at least three metasurfaces, or at least four metasurfaces. The multiple metasurfaces may be defined as the first metasurface, the second metasurface, the third metasurface, the fourth metasurface, etc., and so on.

[0110] The material of the substrate described in this disclosure can be glass or plastic, and the component configuration of the substrate can be a flat panel component or a prism. According to different optical designs, the light reflection angle inside the substrate can be designed to be a large angle sufficient to cause total internal reflection, a reflective coating can be provided on the surface of the substrate to help internal reflection of light inside the substrate, and ink can be coated on the surface of the substrate to absorb stray light. When the reflective coating and the ink coating are provided simultaneously, the reflective coating should be closer to the substrate surface than the ink coating.

[0111] The metasurface described in this disclosure is composed of metastructure columns, the metastructure columns are composed of metastructure groups, the metastructure groups are composed of metastructures, the metasurface is composed of multiple metastructure columns, and the multiple metastructure columns can include at least two metastructure columns, at least three metastructure columns, or at least four metastructure columns. The multiple metastructure columns can form circular, rectangular, and polygonal metasurfaces, and can also form metasurfaces of various shapes according to requirements. The metasurface is distinguished by the arrangement interval of the metastructures. When the distance between adjacent metastructure groups is more than 1 micrometer (1μm), it can be regarded as different metasurfaces. The distance between the aforementioned adjacent metastructure groups is calculated based on the distance between the centers of the nearest metastructures between two metastructures.

[0112] The manufacturing techniques of the metasurface described in this disclosure can be photolithography, etching, electron beam lithography (EBL), focused ion beam etching, self-assembly, thermal nanoimprinting (T-NIL), ultraviolet light curing imprinting (UV-NIL), two-photon lithography (TPP), deposition, sol-gel method, or low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD).

[0113] The installation position of the metasurface described in this disclosure can be on the object side surface and the image side surface of the substrate.

[0114] The functions of the metasurface described in this disclosure. The metasurface can be used for waveguides (changing the direction of light propagation), and can also be used for effects such as polarization, refraction, diffraction, achromatism, and antireflection, but not limited thereto. The metasurface can generate various functions by designing different metasurface profiles, metastructure shapes, metastructure heights, metastructure radii, and the adjacent center spacing of the metastructures.

[0115] The deflection angle (Sd) of the light passing through the metasurface described in this disclosure refers to the angle difference between the incident angle on the air side and the exit angle on the light waveguide plate side when the 0-degree incident light passes through the metasurface from the air and then enters the light waveguide plate. The formula is deflection angle = exit angle on the light waveguide plate side - incident angle on the air side. Since the incident angle in the aforementioned formula is 0 degree, the deflection angle = exit angle on the light waveguide plate side. The formula for the deflection angle is as follows:

[0116] Sd = sin -1{(WL / DmMax) / (m×Ns)}, where WL is the wavelength and m = 1 / unit change in phase difference. When the imaging light passes through the metasurface with the superstructures arranged relatively parallel to each other, the deflection directions of all the light rays are the same. For example, each single superstructure column of the metasurface is linearly arranged from the positive Y value to the negative Y value and the superstructure columns are relatively parallel to each other. The incident light at a 0-degree angle deflects in the negative Y value direction after passing through the metasurface. Each single superstructure column of the metasurface is linearly arranged from the positive X value to the negative X value and the superstructure columns are relatively parallel to each other. The incident light at a 0-degree angle deflects in the negative X value direction after passing through the metasurface.

[0117] For the superstructure columns described in the present disclosure, the metasurface is distinguished by the arrangement pattern of the superstructure columns and the relative arrangement pattern of the superstructure columns. The arrangement pattern of the superstructure columns refers to the arrangement pattern of a single superstructure column, which can be linear, and the linear pattern can be straight, non-straight or curved. The relative arrangement pattern of the superstructure columns refers to the relative arrangement pattern among multiple superstructure columns. The relative arrangement pattern of the superstructure columns can be parallel. When the imaging light passes through the metasurface with the superstructures arranged relatively parallel to each other, the deflection directions of all the light rays are the same. The relative arrangement pattern of the superstructure columns can be partially parallel or non-parallel. When the imaging light passes through the metasurface with the superstructures arranged relatively partially parallel or non-parallel to each other, the deflection directions of all the light rays are not completely the same. A superstructure column is composed of multiple superstructure groups, and the multiple superstructure groups can include at least two superstructure groups, at least three superstructure groups or at least four superstructure groups.

[0118] For the superstructure group described in the present disclosure, it is composed of multiple superstructures, and the multiple superstructures can include at least two superstructures, at least three superstructures or at least four superstructures. The superstructure radii of a single superstructure group are arranged in ascending order, so the superstructure radius of the subsequent one is greater than that of the previous one. When the superstructure radius of the subsequent one on the superstructure column is smaller than that of the previous one, it means that the next superstructure group has been entered.

[0119] The number of superstructures in the superstructure group described in the present disclosure refers to the number of superstructures included in a superstructure group, and the maximum number of superstructures (QmMax) in the superstructure group is the maximum value taken from the number of superstructures in all the superstructure groups in a superstructure column. When the number of superstructures in all the superstructure groups in a superstructure column is fixed, the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group is the number of superstructures in the superstructure group.

[0120] The radius slope (SlopR) of a superstructure group described in the present disclosure refers to the slope of the radius of a superstructure in a superstructure group, and its formula is SlopR = (RgMax-RgMin) / Im(interval), wherein Im refers to the number of intervals between a superstructure with a maximum radius and a superstructure with a minimum radius in a superstructure group. For example, the superstructure with the maximum radius is the fifth superstructure in the superstructure group, and the superstructure with the minimum radius is the first superstructure in the superstructure group, then Im = 5-1 = 4.

[0121] The superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the smallest unit constituting the supersurface, and the superstructure is a nanometer (nm) level structure. At least one of the length, width, and height of the superstructure is less than 1 micrometer (1 μm), and its material can be single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, silicon monoxide (SiO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), titanium monoxide (TiO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), gallium phosphide (GaP), gallium arsenide (GaAs), aluminum antimonide (AlSb), aluminum arsenide (AlAs), aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGalnP), boron phosphide (BP), and zinc germanium phosphide (ZnGeP2), but not limited thereto.

[0122] The surface shape of the superstructure described in the present disclosure may be circular or polygonal, and the number of sides of the polygon may be three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or more than eight. The surface shape of the superstructure is based on the top view of an electron microscope (SEM), which means vertically photographing a flat optical waveguide plate, and the top of the superstructure visible in the top view image, and the top of the superstructure also refers to the side opposite to the contact surface of the superstructure and the substrate.

[0123] The shape of the superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the three-dimensional shape of the superstructure, which can be a cone or a column. When the shape of the superstructure is approximately cone-shaped, it is considered to be a cone, and when the shape of the superstructure is approximately column-shaped, it is considered to be a column. For example, the superstructure can be a cone, a cylinder, a four-sided cone or a hexagonal column.

[0124] The height of the superstructure described in the present disclosure refers to the maximum height of the superstructure measured from the bottom to the opposite direction of the substrate.

[0125] The arrangement direction of the superstructures described in the present disclosure refers to the direction in which the superstructure radii in a single superstructure group are arranged in order from small to large. The arrangement direction of the superstructures is also the arrangement direction of the superstructure group and the arrangement direction of the superstructure row.

[0126] The adjacent center spacing of the superstructure described in this disclosure refers to the distance between two adjacent superstructures in the superstructure arrangement direction, from the center of the front superstructure to the center of the rear superstructure in the superstructure arrangement direction. The maximum adjacent center spacing of the superstructure column refers to the maximum value of all adjacent center spacings of the superstructures. The center of the aforementioned superstructure is the intersection point of the longest diagonal and the shortest diagonal of the superstructure surface shape. If the surface shape of the superstructure is circular, the center of the circle is the center of the superstructure.

[0127] The radius of the superstructure described in this disclosure refers to the radius of the superstructure when the surface shape of the superstructure is circular.

[0128] The phase difference unit (Delta phase unit) of the superstructure described in this disclosure is the value generated by subtracting the phase unit of each superstructure from the phase unit of the first superstructure in the superstructure group, and the phase difference unit variation is the value obtained by subtracting the phase differences of adjacent superstructures.

[0129] Each technical feature in the optical waveguide plate of the above disclosure can be combined and configured to achieve the corresponding effects.

[0130] An embodiment of another aspect of this disclosure provides an optical lens, including the aforementioned optical waveguide plate.

[0131] The optical lens may further include at least three optical lenses, where the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path. By disposing the optical waveguide plate behind all the optical lenses, the total optical length can be concentrated on the back focus, which helps to improve the efficiency of the optical waveguide plate in compressing the back focus length.

[0132] The viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which can meet the following conditions: FOV ≤ 40 degrees. By meeting the viewing angle of the optical lens, the back focus length can be increased and the benefit of the optical waveguide plate in compressing the back focus length can be improved. Or, it can meet the following conditions: FOV ≤ 30 degrees. Or, it can meet the following conditions: FOV ≤ 20 degrees. Or, it can meet the following conditions: FOV ≤ 15 degrees. Or, it can meet the following conditions: FOV ≤ 12 degrees. Or, it can meet the following conditions: 0 degrees < FOV ≤ 11.5 degrees.

[0133] The main incident angle of the optical lens on the waveguide plate is AOI, which can meet the following conditions: AOI ≤ 30 degrees. The metasurface has a better deflection effect on light with a small incident angle. By restricting the main incident angle of the optical lens on the waveguide plate, it helps to improve the imaging quality of the optical lens. Or, it can meet the following conditions: AOI ≤ 20 degrees. Or, it can meet the following conditions: AOI ≤ 15 degrees. Or, it can meet the following conditions: AOI ≤ 10 degrees. By reducing the angles of light exiting each optical lens, it helps to further reduce the main incident angle of the optical lens on the waveguide plate. Or, it can meet the following conditions: 0 degrees < AOI ≤ 8 degrees.

[0134] The total focal length of the optical lens is F, and the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, which can meet the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 1.3. By restricting the ratio of the focal length to the back focal length, it helps to further improve the efficiency of the waveguide plate in compressing the back focal length. Or, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 2.5. Or, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 2. Or, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 1.5. Or, it can meet the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 1.15. Or, it can meet the following conditions: 0 < F / BL ≤ 1.

[0135] The optical lens may further include five optical lenses. The five optical lenses are, in order from the object side to the image side of the optical path, a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens, and a fifth optical lens.

[0136] The radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first optical lens is R1, and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the first optical lens is R2, which can meet the following conditions: |R1 / R2| ≤ 5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object-side surface to the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the first optical lens, it helps to reduce the angle of light exiting the first optical lens. Or, it can meet the following conditions: |R1 / R2| ≤ 3. Or, it can meet the following conditions: |R1 / R2| ≤ 1. Or, it can meet the following conditions: 0 < |R1 / R2| ≤ 0.5.

[0137] The radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the second optical lens is R3, and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the second optical lens is R4, which can meet the following conditions: |R3 / R4| ≤ 5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object-side surface to the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the second optical lens, it helps to reduce the angle of light exiting the second optical lens. Or, it can meet the following conditions: |R3 / R4| ≤ 3. Or, it can meet the following conditions: |R3 / R4| ≤ 1. Or, it can meet the following conditions: 0 < |R3 / R4| ≤ 0.5.

[0138] The radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third optical lens is R5, and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third optical lens is R6, which can satisfy the following condition: |R5 / R6| ≤ 5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object-side surface to the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third optical lens, it helps to reduce the angle of light exiting the third optical lens. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: |R5 / R6| ≤ 3. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: 0 < |R5 / R6| ≤ 1.

[0139] The radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fourth optical lens is R7, and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fourth optical lens is R8, which can satisfy the following condition: |R7 / R8| ≤ 5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object-side surface to the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fourth optical lens, it helps to reduce the angle of light exiting the fourth optical lens. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: |R7 / R8| ≤ 3. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: |R7 / R8| ≤ 1. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: 0 < |R7 / R8| ≤ 0.5.

[0140] The radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fifth optical lens is R9, and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fifth optical lens is R10, which can satisfy the following condition: |R9 / R10| ≤ 5. By satisfying the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object-side surface to the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fifth optical lens, it helps to reduce the angle of light exiting the fifth optical lens. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: |R9 / R10| ≤ 3. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: |R9 / R10| ≤ 1. Alternatively, it can satisfy the following condition: 0 < |R9 / R10| ≤ 0.5.

[0141] The main angle of incidence (AOI) of the optical lens described in this disclosure with respect to the waveguide plate refers to the incident angle of the principal ray on the air side at the 1.0 field when the imaging light of the optical lens enters the waveguide plate from the air.

[0142] For the object side and the image side of the optical lens described in this disclosure, when the optical lens forms an image on the photosensitive element, the side closer to the photosensitive element on the optical path is the image side, and the side farther from the photosensitive element on the optical path is the object side. When the optical lens forms an image on the user's eye, the side closer to the user's eye on the optical path is the image side, and the side farther from the user's eye on the optical path is the object side.

[0143] The number of optical lenses of the optical lens described in the present disclosure can be at least one, at least two, at least three, at least four, at least five, at least six, at least seven, at least eight, at least nine, and at least ten. The optical lenses are sequentially the first optical lens, the second optical lens, the third optical lens, the fourth optical lens, the fifth optical lens, the sixth optical lens, the seventh optical lens, the eighth optical lens, the ninth optical lens, the tenth optical lens, and so on from the object side to the image side.

[0144] The radius of curvature of the optical lens described in the present disclosure refers to the radius of curvature of the object-side surface or the image-side surface of the optical lens on the optical axis.

[0145] The position where the waveguide plate of the optical lens described in the present disclosure is provided can be between the first optical lens and the second optical lens, between the second optical lens and the third optical lens, between the third optical lens and the fourth optical lens, between the fourth optical lens and the fifth optical lens, between the fifth optical lens and the sixth optical lens, between the sixth optical lens and the seventh optical lens, between the seventh optical lens and the eighth optical lens, between the eighth optical lens and the ninth optical lens, between the ninth optical lens and the tenth optical lens, on the image side of the tenth optical lens, or on the image side of the last optical lens. Optical lenses can be provided on both the object side and the image side of the waveguide plate, and at least one optical lens, at least two optical lenses, at least three optical lenses, at least four optical lenses, or at least five optical lenses can be provided on both the object side and the image side of the waveguide plate.

[0146] An embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device including the aforementioned optical lens. Thereby, the imaging quality can be effectively improved. Preferably, the electronic device may further include, but is not limited to, a control unit (ControlUnit), a display unit (Display), a storage unit (Storage Unit), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only storage unit (ROM), or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the electronic device of the present disclosure can be a mobile device or a head-mounted device. The mobile device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a camera, a video camera, etc. The head-mounted device can be an AR glasses, a VR glasses, an AR head-mounted display, a VR head-mounted display, etc.

[0147] According to the above embodiments, specific embodiments are proposed below and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0148] <Example 1>

[0149] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a side view showing the waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment. The waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment includes a substrate 11 and at least two metasurfaces 12, and the at least two metasurfaces 12 are provided on the substrate 11. AsFigure 1 As shown, the two metasurfaces 12 are respectively disposed on two different surfaces of the substrate 11. When the light ray L is incident on the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, the light ray L will first enter one metasurface 12 and then enter the substrate 11, and after multiple reflections back and forth in the substrate 11, the optical path is folded, and then it is emitted from the other metasurface 12. Since the metasurface 12 will generate a phase difference for the light ray L, the light ray L will increase the light deflection angle due to the change of the phase difference caused by the metasurface 12, thereby achieving the corresponding effect.

[0150] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 2 which shows Figure 1 a plan view of the optical waveguide plate 10, Figure 3A which shows Figure 2 a top view of the superstructure 123 of the optical waveguide plate 10, Figure 3B which shows Figure 3A a side view of the superstructure 123. As Figure 2 shown, the metasurface 12 includes at least two superstructure columns 121, and the at least two superstructure columns 121 are arranged linearly. Each superstructure column 121 includes at least two superstructure groups 122 ( Figure 2 only two superstructure groups 122 are marked), and each superstructure group 122 includes at least two superstructures 123 ( Figure 2 only two superstructures 123 are marked), wherein the superstructures 123 in a single superstructure group 122 are arranged in sequence, and there is an adjacent center spacing Dm of one superstructure between two adjacent superstructures 123. As Figure 3A and Figure 3B shown, the surface shape of the superstructure 123 is circular, the radius Rm of the superstructure 123 of the first embodiment is measured based on the circle, and the height Hm of the superstructure 123 is the straight-line distance from the top surface 124 to the bottom surface 125 of the superstructure 123.

[0151] Please also refer to Figure 3A 、 Figure 3B 、 Figure 4 and Table 1, wherein Figure 4 shows a relationship diagram between the arrangement order of the superstructures 123 and the radius of the superstructures 123 in the superstructure group 122 of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and Table 1 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the first embodiment.

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] In Table 1, the "superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures 123 arranged in sequence in a superstructure group 122. As Figure 2 shown, the five superstructures 123 from top to bottom are represented by the numbers 1 to 5 in Table 1. In Table 1, DmMax is the maximum adjacent center distance of at least two superstructures 123, QmMax is the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group 122, Hm is the height of the superstructure 123, Rm is the radius of the superstructure 123, RgMax is the maximum superstructure radius of the superstructure group 122, RgMin is the minimum superstructure radius of the superstructure group 122, SlopR is the radius slope of the superstructure group 122, Nm is the refractive index of the superstructure 123, Ns is the refractive index of the substrate 11, and Sd is the deflection angle of the light passing through the metasurface 12.

[0155] In the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, the wavelength used is 587.6 nm, and the phase difference unit variation is fixed at 0.22125 units. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.22125 (phase difference unit variation) gives a value between 4.519 and 4.520 (1 / 0.22125 = 4.52, which is m in the deflection angle formula). Thus, the number of superstructures 123 in the superstructure group 122 of the superstructure column 121 will jump between 4 and 5. Therefore, the number of superstructures 123 in the superstructure group 122 of a superstructure column 121 in the first embodiment is 4 and 5, and the number of superstructures 123 in the superstructure group 122 takes the maximum value of 5 among them, and the maximum number of superstructures in the superstructure group 122 is 5. Furthermore, in Table 1, the first embodiment presents the results with the superstructure group 122 having a phase difference unit of 0 for the first superstructure (i.e., the superstructure group 122 having five superstructures 123), and the previous superstructure group 122 of the superstructure group 122 having five superstructures 123 has four superstructures 123 (as shown in the data corresponding to the first number 4 in the left column of the "superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group" in Table 1).

[0156] In the first embodiment, when the arrangement direction of the superstructure 123 is fixed, starting from the superstructure 123 with a radius of 13 nm, the radii of the superstructures 123 are 13 nm, 62.4 nm, 80.0 nm, 94.1 nm, 108.8 nm, and 47.9 nm in sequence. Among them, the radii of the first five superstructures 123 meet the condition that the radius of the latter superstructure 123 is greater than that of the previous superstructure 123. Therefore, the first five superstructures 123 belong to the same superstructure group 122, while the radius of the sixth superstructure 123 is smaller than that of the fifth superstructure 123, so the sixth superstructure 123 does not belong to the superstructure group 122 where the first five superstructures 123 are located. Furthermore, the phase difference unit of all the superstructures 123 in the first embodiment is subtracted from the phase unit of the first superstructure with a radius of 13 nm. Therefore, for the first superstructure 123 with a radius of 13, its phase difference unit is 0, and the phase difference unit of the second superstructure 123 is 0.22125. Subtracting the phase difference unit of the first superstructure 123 from the phase difference unit of the second superstructure 123 is 0.22125, so the change in the phase difference unit is 0.22125.

[0157] It should be noted that the number and installation positions of the metasurfaces 12 are not limited to Figure 1 what is shown, but can be set at different positions of the substrate 11 according to requirements. Furthermore, Figure 1 the configurations of the superstructure columns 121, superstructure groups 122, and superstructures 123 are only used for schematic illustration, and the present invention is not limited to what is shown in the figure.

[0158] For the data definitions in the following embodiment tables that are the same as those in Table 1, they will not be elaborated again.

[0159] <The Second Embodiment>

[0160] The optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate. Each metasurface includes at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the different number of superstructures. Therefore, for the detailed structural details, please refer to the content of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and will not be described separately here.

[0161] Please refer to Figure 5 and Table 2 Figure 5It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order and the radius of the superstructures in the superstructure group of the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment, and Table 2 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment and the numerical values of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns, and Sd. In Table 2, the "superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and the numbers 1 to 8 represent the eight superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the second embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the second embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the unit change of the phase difference is fixed at 0.125 units. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.125 gives 8 (1 / 0.125 = 8), which can divide 1 evenly. Thus, the number of superstructures in each superstructure group in a superstructure column of the second embodiment is 8, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax in the superstructure group is 8.

[0165] <The Third Embodiment>

[0166] The optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate. Each metasurface includes at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. Additionally, the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, the difference being the number of superstructures. Therefore, for the detailed structural details, please refer to the content of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, which will not be described separately here.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 6 and Table 3, Figure 6 It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order and the radius of the superstructures in the superstructure group of the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment, and Table 3 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment and the numerical values of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns, and Sd. In Table 3, the "superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and the numbers 1 to 4 represent the four superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the third embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0168]

[0169]

[0170] In the optical waveguide plate of the third embodiment, the wavelength used is 587.6 nm, and the unit change of the phase difference is fixed at 0.25 units. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.25 gives 4 (1 / 0.25 = 4), which divides 1 evenly. Thus, the number of superstructures in a superstructure group in one superstructure column of the third embodiment is 4, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax in the superstructure group is 4.

[0171] <Fourth Embodiment>

[0172] The optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate. Each metasurface includes at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment is structurally similar to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, except that the number of superstructures is different. Therefore, for the detailed structural details, please refer to the content of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein again.

[0173] Please also refer to Figure 7 Table 4, Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the superstructures in a superstructure group and the radius of the superstructures of the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment, and Table 4 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment and the numerical values of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns, and Sd. In Table 4, the "arrangement order of the superstructures in a superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and the numbers 1 to 10 represent the ten superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the fourth embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] In the optical waveguide plate of the fourth embodiment, the wavelength used is 587.6 nm, and the unit change of the phase difference is fixed at 0.1 unit. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.1 gives 10 (1 / 0.1 = 10), which divides 1 evenly. Thus, the number of superstructures in a superstructure group in one superstructure column of the fourth embodiment is 10, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax in the superstructure group is 10.

[0177] <Example 5>

[0178] The optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. At least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate. Each metasurface includes at least two metastructure columns, and at least two metastructure columns are arranged linearly. Each metastructure column includes at least two metastructure groups, and each metastructure group includes at least two metastructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, the difference being the number of metastructures. Therefore, for the detailed structural details, please refer to the content of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment and will not be described herein again.

[0179] Please also refer to Figure 8 Table 5, Figure 8 which is a diagram showing the relationship between the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metasurface group and the radius of the metastructures of the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment, and Table 5 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment and the numerical values of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns, and Sd. In Table 5, "the arrangement order of the metastructures in the metasurface group" refers to the metastructures arranged in sequence in a metasurface group, and the numbers from 1 to 5 represent the five metastructures arranged in sequence in a single metasurface group of the fifth embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the fifth embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the unit change of the phase difference is fixed at 0.2 units. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.2 gives 5 (1 / 0.2 = 5), which can divide 1 evenly. Thus, the number of metastructures in the metasurface group in one metastructure column of the fifth embodiment is all 5, and the maximum number of metastructures QmMax in the metasurface group is 5.

[0183] <Example 6>

[0184] The optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. At least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate. Each metasurface includes at least two metastructure columns, and at least two metastructure columns are arranged linearly. Each metastructure column includes at least two metastructure groups, and each metastructure group includes at least two metastructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, the difference being the number of metastructures. Therefore, for the detailed structural details, please refer to the content of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment and will not be described herein again.

[0185] Please refer to Figure 9 Table 6, Figure 9 which is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order and the radius of the superstructures in the superstructure group of the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment, and Table 6 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment and the numerical values of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns, and Sd. In Table 6, the "superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and the numbers 1 to 4 represent the four superstructures arranged in sequence and their corresponding data in a single superstructure group of the sixth embodiment.

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the sixth embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the unit change of the phase difference is fixed at 0.25 units. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.25 gives 4 (1 / 0.25 = 4), which can divide 1 evenly. Thus, the number of superstructures in the superstructure group in a superstructure column of the sixth embodiment is 4, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax in the superstructure group is 4.

[0189] <The Seventh Embodiment>

[0190] The optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment includes a substrate and at least two metasurfaces. The at least two metasurfaces are disposed on the substrate. Each metasurface includes at least two superstructure columns, and the at least two superstructure columns are linearly arranged. Each superstructure column includes at least two superstructure groups, and each superstructure group includes at least two superstructures. In addition, the optical waveguide plate of the seventh embodiment is similar in structure to the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, except for the different number of superstructures. Therefore, for the detailed structural details, please refer to the content of the optical waveguide plate 10 of the first embodiment, and no further description will be given here.

[0191] Please refer to Figure 10 Table 7, Figure 10It is a graph showing the relationship between the superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group in the optical waveguide plate of the 7th embodiment and the radius of the superstructure, and Table 7 presents the properties of the optical waveguide plate of the 7th embodiment and the numerical values of DmMax, QmMax, Hm, Rm, RgMax, RgMin, DmMax×QmMax / 1000, Hm / RgMin, Hm / DmMax, RgMax / RgMin, SlopR, Nm, Ns and Sd. In Table 7, the "superstructure arrangement order of the superstructure group" refers to the superstructures arranged in sequence in a superstructure group, and the numbers 1 to 4 represent the four superstructures arranged in sequence in a single superstructure group of the 7th embodiment and their corresponding data.

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] The wavelength used in the optical waveguide plate of the 7th embodiment is 587.6 nm, and the unit change of the phase difference is fixed at 0.25 units. Therefore, dividing 1 unit by 0.25 gives 4 (1 / 0.25 = 4), which can divide 1 evenly. Thus, the number of superstructures in a superstructure group in a superstructure row of the 7th embodiment is all 4, and the maximum number of superstructures QmMax of the superstructure group is 4.

[0195] <The 8th Embodiment>

[0196] Please refer to Figure 11 , which is a schematic diagram showing the optical lens 20 of the 8th embodiment. The optical lens 20 sequentially includes a first optical lens E1, a second optical lens E2, a third optical lens E3, an aperture ST, an optical waveguide plate 21, a first filter element E6, and an imaging surface IMG from the object side to the image side of the optical path, and an electronic photosensitive element IS is disposed on the imaging surface IMG of the optical lens 20.

[0197] In Figure 11 , the optical waveguide plate 21 is presented in a manner of being unfolded in a straight line of the optical path, and the optical waveguide plate 21 is disposed on the image side of the third optical lens E3 to replace the prism between the third optical lens E3 and the imaging surface IMG. Furthermore, the optical waveguide plate 21 can be the optical waveguide plate in the aforementioned 1st to 7th embodiments, and the same structure or details are not described herein again.

[0198] Please refer to Table 8 again, which presents the parameter values of the optical lens 20 of the eighth embodiment. In Table 8, FOV is the viewing angle of the optical lens 20, AOI is the main incident angle of the optical lens 20 on the waveguide plate 21, F is the total focal length of the optical lens 20, F1 is the focal length of the first optical lens E1, F2 is the focal length of the second optical lens E2, F3 is the focal length of the third optical lens E3, POW1 is the refractive power of the first optical lens E1, POW2 is the refractive power of the second optical lens E2, POW3 is the refractive power of the third optical lens E3, R1 is the curvature radius of the object-side surface of the first optical lens E1, R2 is the curvature radius of the image-side surface of the first optical lens E1, R3 is the curvature radius of the object-side surface of the second optical lens E2, R4 is the curvature radius of the image-side surface of the second optical lens E2, R5 is the curvature radius of the object-side surface of the third optical lens E3, R6 is the curvature radius of the image-side surface of the third optical lens E3, and BL is the back focal length of the optical lens 20.

[0199]

[0200]

[0201] For the data definitions in the following embodiment tables that are the same as those in Table 8, they will not be elaborated further.

[0202] <The Ninth Embodiment>

[0203] Please refer to Figure 12 , which is a schematic diagram showing the optical lens 30 of the ninth embodiment. The optical lens 30 sequentially includes a first optical lens E1, an aperture ST, a second optical lens E2, a third optical lens E3, a fourth optical lens E4, a fifth optical lens E5, a waveguide plate 31, a first filter element E6, and an imaging surface IMG from the object side to the image side of the optical path, and an electronic photosensitive element IS is disposed on the imaging surface IMG of the optical lens 30.

[0204] In Figure 12 , the waveguide plate 31 is presented in a way of being unfolded in a straight line of the optical path, and the waveguide plate 31 is disposed on the image side of the fifth optical lens E5 to replace the prism between the fifth optical lens E5 and the imaging surface IMG. Furthermore, the waveguide plate 31 can be the waveguide plate in the aforementioned first to seventh embodiments, and the same structure or details will not be elaborated here.

[0205] Please refer to Table 9 again, which presents the FOV, AOI, number of optical lenses, F, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, POW1, POW2, POW3, POW4, POW5, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, BL, R1 / R2, R3 / R4, R5 / R6, R7 / R8, R9 / R10, and F / BL values of the optical lens 30 of the ninth embodiment, where F4 is the focal length of the fourth optical lens E4, F5 is the focal length of the fifth optical lens E5, POW4 is the refractive power of the fourth optical lens E4, POW5 is the refractive power of the fifth optical lens E5, R7 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fourth optical lens E4, R8 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fourth optical lens E4, R9 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fifth optical lens E5, and R10 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fifth optical lens E5.

[0206]

[0207]

[0208] Although the present disclosure has been disclosed above in embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be determined by the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide plate, characterized in that, Comprising: A substrate; and At least two metasurfaces disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two metastructure columns, and the at least two metastructure columns are linearly arranged; Wherein, each metastructure column comprises at least two metastructure groups, each metastructure group comprises at least two metastructures, and the shape of each metastructure is columnar; Wherein, the maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of metastructures in each metastructure group is QmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 3 nm·unit.

2. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein The height of each metastructure is Hm, and the minimum metastructure radius of each metastructure group is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 4.7 ≤ Hm / RgMin.

3. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of each metastructure is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: 1.75 < Hm / DmMax.

4. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum metastructure radius of each metastructure group is RgMax, and the minimum metastructure radius of each metastructure group is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 1 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 15.

5. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius slope of each metastructure group is SlopR, which satisfy the following conditions: 1 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 50 nm / unit.

6. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, wherein, The refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which satisfy the following conditions: Ns ≤ 1.

6.

7. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light deflection angle of each metasurface is Sd, which satisfy the following conditions: 5 degrees ≤ Sd.

8. An optical lens, characterized in that, Comprising: The optical waveguide plate according to claim 1.

9. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein, Further comprising: At least three optical lenses, wherein the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path.

10. The optical lens according to claim 8, characterized in that, The viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which satisfy the following conditions: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.

11. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein The main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which satisfy the following conditions: AOI ≤ 30 degrees.

12. The optical lens according to claim 8, wherein, The total focal length of the optical lens is F, and the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, which satisfy the following conditions: F / BL ≤ 1.

3.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising: The optical lens according to claim 8.

14. An optical waveguide plate, characterized in that, Comprising: A substrate; and At least two metasurfaces disposed on the substrate, wherein each metasurface comprises at least two metastructure columns, and the at least two metastructure columns are linearly arranged; Wherein, each metastructure column comprises at least two metastructure groups, and each metastructure group comprises at least two metastructures; Wherein, the height of each metastructure is Hm, and the refractive index of the substrate is Ns, which satisfy the following conditions: 400 nm < Hm; and Ns ≤ 1.

6.

15. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 14, characterized in that, The maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, and the maximum number of metastructures in each metastructure group is QmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 2 nm·unit.

16. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 15, wherein The height of each metastructure is Hm, and the minimum metastructure radius of each metastructure group is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 30 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 70.

17. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 16, wherein, The height of each metastructure is Hm, and the maximum adjacent center spacing of the at least two metastructures is DmMax, which satisfy the following conditions: 2 ≤ Hm / DmMax.

18. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 17, wherein, The maximum superstructure radius of each of these superstructure groups is RgMax, and the minimum superstructure radius of each of these superstructure groups is RgMin, which satisfy the following conditions: 5 ≤ RgMax / RgMin ≤ 9.

19. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 18, wherein The radius slope of each of these superstructure groups is SlopR, which satisfies the following conditions: 20 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 30 nm / unit.

20. The optical waveguide plate according to claim 14, wherein The deflection angle of the light passing through each of these metasurfaces is Sd, which satisfies the following conditions: 10 degrees ≤ Sd.

21. An optical lens, characterized in that, Including: The optical waveguide plate as described in claim 14.

22. The optical lens according to claim 21, wherein Further including: At least three optical lenses, wherein the optical waveguide plate is located on the image side of the last optical lens from the object side to the image side of the optical path.

23. The optical lens according to claim 22, characterized in that, The viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, which satisfies the following conditions: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.

24. The optical lens according to claim 23, wherein The main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, which satisfies the following conditions: AOI ≤ 30 degrees.

25. The optical lens according to claim 21, characterized in that, Further including: Five optical lenses, and these five optical lenses are, in sequence from the object side to the image side of the optical path, a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens, and a fifth optical lens; Wherein, the maximum adjacent center distance of the at least two superstructures is DmMax, the maximum number of superstructures in each of these superstructure groups is QmMax, the height of each of these superstructures is Hm, the minimum superstructure radius of each of these superstructure groups is RgMin, the radius slope of each of these superstructure groups is SlopR, the deflection angle of the light passing through each of these metasurfaces is Sd, the viewing angle of the optical lens is FOV, the main incident angle of the optical lens on the optical waveguide plate is AOI, the total focal length of the optical lens is F, the back focal length of the optical lens is BL, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first optical lens is R1, the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the first optical lens is R2, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the second optical lens is R3, the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the second optical lens is R4, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third optical lens is R5, the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third optical lens is R6, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fourth optical lens is R7, the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fourth optical lens is R8, the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fifth optical lens is R9, and the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fifth optical lens is R10, which satisfy the following conditions: 0 nm·unit < DmMax × QmMax / 1000 ≤ 1.1 nm·unit; 45 ≤ Hm / RgMin ≤ 50; 25 nm / unit ≤ SlopR ≤ 30 nm / unit; 15 degrees ≤ Sd; FOV ≤ 15 degrees; AOI ≤ 10 degrees; 0 < F / BL ≤ 1; |R1 / R2| ≤ 5; |R3 / R4| ≤ 5; |R5 / R6| ≤ 5; |R7 / R8| ≤ 5; and |R9 / R10| ≤ 5.

26. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including: The optical lens as described in claim 21.

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