Battery management system with controlled fuse
Through the combination of controlled fuses and heaters, the problem of failure to cut off the circuit in time when current or voltage is abnormal during charging and discharging of the battery in the prior art is solved, and the safety protection of the battery management system is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422266055.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing protection devices cannot be effectively protected during battery charging and discharging, especially when current or voltage is abnormal, which poses safety hazards.
Using a combination of controlled fuses and heaters, the heater is controlled by a microcontroller to quickly blow the fuse and cut the circuit when the current or voltage is abnormal, forming a battery management system for controlled fuses.
During the battery charging and discharging process, cut off abnormal current or voltage in time to avoid safety hazards and improve the safety and reliability of the battery management system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223156742U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and particularly relates to a battery management system with a controlled fuse. Background Art
[0002] During the use of a battery, when key components in the circuit are open-circuited, short-circuited, have parameter offsets, or when the chip or MOS is abnormal, the primary protection circuit will fail, thus bringing great risks and safety hazards. Therefore, it is urgent to add a protection circuit outside the primary protection circuit to ensure the safety of the battery.
[0003] Currently, there is a self-recovery fuse as a protection device. However, due to the influence of its own polymer material, when the current is large, the voltage cannot be increased, and when the voltage is high, the current cannot be increased, so it cannot be better applied to the charging and discharging scenarios of the battery.
[0004] Therefore, through beneficial exploration and research, the applicant has found a method to solve the above problems, and the technical solution to be introduced below was generated under this background. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a battery management system with a controlled fuse to solve the above problems in view of the above deficiencies and defects of the prior art.
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
[0007] A battery management system with a controlled fuse, characterized by comprising a power battery pack, a controlled fuse, a protection circuit, and a single-chip microcomputer;
[0008] The positive electrode of the power battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack through a first pin and a second pin. The negative electrode of the power battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube. One end of the controlled fuse is respectively connected to the first pin and the second pin. The other end of the controlled fuse is connected to one end of the protection circuit. The other end of the protection circuit is connected to one end of the single-chip microcomputer. The other end of the single-chip microcomputer is respectively connected to the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube;
[0009] It further includes a heater disposed inside the controlled fuse and used to quickly fuse and cut off the circuit between the first pin and the second pin.
[0010] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model adopts a controlled fuse. When the charging and discharging current exceeds the rated value and flows through the controlled fuse, the inside of the controlled fuse will quickly melt and cut off the circuit. Or when the battery overvoltage is detected, the heater on the controlled fuse starts to heat up to directly melt the controlled fuse to cut off the circuit. When the main protection circuit fails to act during the charging and discharging process of the battery, the present utility model effectively protects by using the controlled fuse to cut off the relevant circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the protection circuit module of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0014] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present utility model easy to understand, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations.
[0015] Refer to Figures 1 to 2 A battery management system with a controlled fuse shown in the figure, including a power battery pack 10, a controlled fuse 20, a protection circuit 30, and a single-chip microcomputer 40;
[0016] The positive electrode 11 of the power battery pack 10 is connected to the positive electrode P+ of the battery pack through the first pin F1 and the second pin F2. The negative electrode 12 of the power battery pack 10 is connected to the negative electrode P- of the battery pack through the first MOS transistor 1 and the second MOS transistor 2. One end 21 of the controlled fuse 20 is respectively connected to the first pin F1 and the second pin F2. The other end 22 of the controlled fuse 20 is connected to one end 31 of the protection circuit 30. The other end 32 of the protection circuit 30 is connected to one end 41 of the single-chip microcomputer 40. The other end 42 of the single-chip microcomputer 40 is respectively connected to the first MOS transistor 1 and the second MOS transistor 2.
[0017] A heater (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the controlled fuse 20 and is used to quickly melt and cut off the circuit of the first pin F1 and the second pin F2.
[0018] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows:
[0019] The microcontroller 40 (MCU) outputs a heating signal (HEAT_ON) to the protection circuit 30 for control. When the heating signal (HEAT_ON) outputs a low level, the third pin Q9-3 of the NMOS transistor Q9 outputs a high level. Conversely, when the heating signal (HEAT_ON) outputs a high level, the third pin Q60-3 of the PMOS transistor Q60 outputs a low level, and the short-circuit protection module (SCP) signal is at a low level. The third pin QC2-3 and the fourth pin OC2-4 of the optocoupler OC2 connect the positive pole P+ and the negative pole P- of the battery pack. At this time, the second pin Q15-2 and the third pin Q15-3 of the PMOS transistor Q15 are connected, and the voltage across the terminal pin CON13 is the total voltage of the battery pack. At this time, the two ends of the terminal pin CON13 are connected to the other end 22 of the controlled fuse 20 and controlled. The heater inside the controlled fuse 20 starts to heat up, causing the first pin F1 and the second pin F2 on the controlled fuse 20 to disconnect and cut off the main circuit.
[0020] When the main protection circuit fails to act when there are serious warnings such as overcurrent during charging, overcurrent during discharging, overvoltage of a single cell, and overvoltage of the battery pack terminal in the present utility model, the microcontroller 40 (MCU) controls the controlled fuse 20 to cut off the relevant circuit through the output of the heating signal (HEAT_ON) to effectively provide protection.
[0021] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A battery management system with a controlled fuse, characterized in that, It includes a power battery pack, a controlled fuse, a protection circuit, and a single-chip microcomputer; The positive electrode of the power battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack through a first pin and a second pin. The negative electrode of the power battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube. One end of the controlled fuse is respectively connected to the first pin and the second pin. The other end of the controlled fuse is connected to one end of the protection circuit. The other end of the protection circuit is connected to one end of the single-chip microcomputer. The other end of the single-chip microcomputer is respectively connected to the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube; It further includes a heater disposed inside the controlled fuse and used to quickly fuse and cut off the circuits of the first pin and the second pin.