Light collecting element and photoelectric detector

Abstract

The utility model provides a light collecting element and a photoelectric detector, the light collecting element comprises a body, the body comprises a first plane and a second plane which are oppositely arranged, a plurality of cylinder microstructures are formed on the body from the first plane to the direction far away from the second plane in a protruding mode, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent cylinder microstructures. Each cylindrical microstructure comprises a peripheral surface protruding out of the first plane, and a top surface and a bottom surface which are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the peripheral surface, the peripheral surface and the top surface are light incident surfaces, and the body is configured to scatter incident light entering from the light incident surfaces and then emit the incident light from the second plane. The light collecting element can effectively restrain reflected light of incident light on the light incident face, more light enters the light collecting element, and therefore the light collecting efficiency of the light collecting element is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optical detection, in particular to a light collecting element and a photodetector. Background Art

[0002] At present, the detection of light is extremely useful in production and life. Photodetectors can be used for light intensity judgment, light leakage detection, wavelength analysis, etc. of products, and have a wide range of uses. In the research and development field of photodetectors, the ability to collect light is one of the key factors to improve the performance of equipment. An ideal photodetector should have a high sensitivity to light to achieve an excellent signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the performance of a photodetector depends not only on its precise detection ability for small-angle incident light, but also on its accurate response to large-angle incident light.

[0003] At present, the light collecting elements of photodetectors on the market are mostly planar structures, which cannot effectively collect light from different angles, especially for large-angle incident light. As the incident angle increases, the proportion of reflected light increases, resulting in a decrease in the light incident on the photoelectric receiver, leading to a reduction in the photoelectric collection efficiency and a decrease or inaccuracy in the detection accuracy of the photodetector.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a light collecting element and a photodetector to solve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a light collecting element with high light collecting efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a light collecting element applied to a photodetector, including: a body including a first plane and a second plane arranged opposite to each other. On the body, a plurality of columnar microstructures protrude from the first plane in a direction away from the second plane. There is a gap between adjacent two columnar microstructures. Each columnar microstructure includes an outer peripheral surface protruding from the first plane, and a top surface and a bottom surface located on both sides of the outer peripheral surface. The outer peripheral surface and the top surface are both light incident surfaces, and the body is configured to scatter the incident light entering through the light incident surfaces and then emit it from the second plane.

[0007] Optionally, at least part of the incident light is reflected by the outer peripheral surface of the columnar microstructure, enters the body through the gap, and is emitted from the second plane.

[0008] Optionally, the columnar microstructure is a cylindrical microstructure.

[0009] Optionally, the ratio range of the height H of the cylindrical microstructure in the direction perpendicular to the first plane to the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical microstructure is: 0.8 < H / D < 1.1.

[0010] Optionally, there is an arrangement spacing P between multiple said cylindrical microstructures, and the ratio range of the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical microstructure to the arrangement spacing P is: 0.5 < D / P < 0.8.

[0011] Optionally, the value range of the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical microstructure is: 0.01 mm < D < 0.1 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the columnar microstructure is made of a volume diffusion material.

[0013] Optionally, multiple said columnar microstructures are arranged in an array on the first plane.

[0014] Optionally, multiple said columnar microstructures are arranged in at least two columns on the first plane, and the columnar microstructures in adjacent two columns are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a photodetector having the above light collecting element, and the detection accuracy of the photodetector is high.

[0016] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photodetector, including a photoelectric receiver and the above light collecting element, and the photoelectric receiver is configured to receive the light emitted from the light collecting element.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] By providing multiple columnar microstructures protruding from the first plane on the first plane of the body of the light collecting element of the present invention, the incident light enters the light collecting element from the top surface and / or the outer peripheral surface of the columnar microstructure, or part of the light enters the light collecting element from the gap between two adjacent columnar microstructures, which can effectively increase the light contact area of the light collecting element, prevent the escape of incident light, and improve the light collecting efficiency. And, the light collecting element of the present invention can effectively receive incident light at any angle. The large-angle incident light can enter the columnar microstructure from the outer peripheral surface of the columnar microstructure and be converted into incident light at a relatively small angle, thereby effectively preventing the escape of incident light and improving the light collecting efficiency of the light collecting unit. The small-angle incident light can enter the light collecting element from the top surface of the columnar microstructure and the gap between two columnar microstructures, thereby effectively improving the light collecting efficiency of the light collecting element. In addition, by providing a gap between two columnar microstructures, the light is captured as if it enters a trap. Part of the incident light is reflected after irradiating the outer peripheral surface of the columnar microstructure, and thus can enter the light collecting element from the gap, avoiding the escape of light, thereby improving the light collecting efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a light - collecting element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural view of the aspherical micro - structure in

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view of

[0022] Figure 4 is an optical path diagram of a photodetector in the prior art;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a light - collecting efficiency diagram of the light - collecting element in the photodetector shown in

[0024] Figure 6 is an optical path diagram of a photodetector according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a light - collecting efficiency diagram of the light - collecting element in the photodetector shown in

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0027] Photodetector 100;

[0028] Light - collecting element 1, body 11, first plane 111, second plane 112, columnar micro - structure 12, cylindrical micro - structure 120, top surface 121, outer peripheral surface 122, gap 13;

[0029] Photo - receiver 2. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Here, it should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present utility model due to unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution of the present utility model are shown in the drawings, while other details less related to the present utility model are omitted.

[0032] In addition, it should also be noted that the term "comprises", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non - exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0033] Please refer toFigures 1 to 7 As shown in Figures 1 to 7 , an embodiment of the present utility model provides a light collecting element 1, which is applied to a photodetector 100 and is used to collect light and transmit the light to a photoreceiver.

[0034] The light collecting element 1 includes a body 11 and a plurality of columnar microstructures 12 disposed on the body 11. The columnar microstructures 12 are three-dimensional structures, and there is a gap 13 between two adjacent columnar microstructures 12.

[0035] In this embodiment, the body 11 and the columnar microstructures 12 are integrally formed. In other embodiments, the body 11 and the columnar microstructures 12 may also be formed by combination.

[0036] Furthermore, the columnar microstructures 12 are prepared from a volume diffusion material. For example, they can be made of plastic added with a diffusing agent. By setting it like this, the light scattering ability of the columnar microstructures 12 can be enhanced, so that the incident light undergoes multiple scatterings within the columnar microstructures 12, thereby changing the incident angle of the incident light entering the body 11.

[0037] The body 11 includes a first plane 111 and a second plane 112 that are oppositely arranged. Among them, the first plane 111 faces the light source, and the second plane 112 faces the photoreceiver. That is, in the body 11, after the light is transmitted from the first plane 111 to the second plane 112, it exits from the second plane 112 to the photoreceiver.

[0038] On the body 11, a plurality of columnar microstructures 12 protrude from the first plane 111 in a direction away from the second plane 112. That is to say, the columnar microstructures 12 are disposed on the first plane 111 and protrude from the first plane 111.

[0039] The columnar microstructures 12 include an outer peripheral surface 122 protruding from the first plane 111 and a top surface 121 and a bottom surface located on the upper and lower sides of the outer peripheral surface 122.

[0040] Among them, the top surface 121 and the outer peripheral surface 122 are light incident surfaces, and the bottom surface is the light exit surface of the columnar microstructures 12 and is also the first plane 111 of the body 11, that is, the bottom surface is disposed on the first plane 111. In this embodiment, the top surface 121 is a plane, and the bottom surface is also a plane. In other embodiments, the top surface 121 may also be an arc surface, and the present utility model does not limit this.

[0041] By disposing a plurality of columnar microstructures 12 protruding from the first plane 111 on the first plane 111 of the body 11, the incident light enters the light collecting element 1 from the top surface 121 and / or the outer peripheral surface 122 of the columnar microstructures 12, thereby increasing the light contact area of the light collecting element 1 and improving the light collection efficiency.

[0042] Further, some incident light can also enter the light collecting element through the gap 13 between the two cylindrical microstructures 12. For example, some incident light is reflected by the outer peripheral surface 122 of the cylindrical microstructure 12 and then enters the body 11 through the gap 13 and exits from the second plane 112. With such a setting, after the incident light enters the gap 13, it is captured as if it enters a trap, avoiding light escape, thereby improving the light collection efficiency.

[0043] Further, the cylindrical microstructure 12 can be a cylindrical microstructure 120, or other cylindrical microstructures such as a hexagonal prism or a multi-prism.

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the light collection process of the light collecting element 1 with the cylindrical microstructure 12, the following description will take the cylindrical microstructure 120 as an example, but it should not be limited thereto.

[0045] Further, when the incident angle of the incident light is relatively large, for example, when the incident angle is greater than 40° and less than or equal to 90°, the incident light irradiates the outer peripheral surface 122 from the gap 13, enters the cylindrical microstructure 120 from the outer peripheral surface 122, is scattered in the cylindrical microstructure 120 and then enters the body 11, and exits from the second plane 112 and is received by the photoelectric receiver 2.

[0046] That is, when the incident light is at a large angle, most of the light irradiates the outer peripheral surface 122 of the cylindrical microstructure 120 from the gap 13 between adjacent cylindrical microstructures 120. Since the outer peripheral surface 122 is an arc surface, the direct reflection of the incident light can be reduced, the reflectivity of the incident light is suppressed, so that most of the incident light can enter the cylindrical microstructure 120 from the outer peripheral surface 122 and then enter the body 11, improving the light collection efficiency of the light collection unit. In addition, since the arc outer peripheral surface 122 can reorient the incident light and change the propagation direction of the incident light, the large-angle incident light can be changed into a small-angle incident light and enter the cylindrical microstructure 120, thereby effectively suppressing the reflection of the incident light on the plane, improving the light collection efficiency of the light collection unit, and fundamentally improving the detection accuracy of the large-angle light by the photodetector 100 and improving the detection accuracy of the photodetector 100. Moreover, the arc outer peripheral surface 122 can also scatter the incident light, making the light entering the body 11 more uniform and improving the light collection efficiency of the body 11.

[0047] When the incident angle of the incident light is small, for example, when the incident angle is less than or equal to 40°, the incident light enters the cylindrical micro-structure 120 from the top surface 121, scatters inside the cylindrical micro-structure 120 and then enters the main body 11. Alternatively, part of the incident light enters the main body 11 from the gap 13 between two adjacent cylindrical micro-structures 120. Or, part of the incident light irradiates the outer peripheral surface 122 of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 from the gap, is reflected and then enters the main body 11 from the gap 13, and exits from the second plane 112. In this way, it is made that the incident light is like entering a trap, avoiding escape and improving the light collection efficiency.

[0048] That is, when the incident light is at a small angle, most of the light can enter the light collection element 1 from the top surface 121 and / or the gap 13, so that the light collection element 1 can collect light at any angle, avoid the light escaping from the light collection element 1, and improve the light collection efficiency. In addition, the path of the incident light irradiating the light collection element 1 from the top surface 121 is increased, so that the incident light scatters more inside the light collection element 1, and thus small-angle scattered light can be emitted from the second plane 112, which is convenient to be received by the photoelectric receiver 2, improving the light collection efficiency of the light collection element 1 and the detection accuracy of the photodetector 100 having the light collection element 1.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to effectively suppress the reflectivity of the incident light on the light collection element 1, the present invention defines the relationship between the diameter D, height H and arrangement pitch P of the cylindrical micro-structure 120.

[0050] The ratio range of the height H of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 in the direction perpendicular to the first plane 111 to the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 is: 0.8 < H / D < 1.1.

[0051] There is an arrangement pitch P between multiple cylindrical micro-structures 120, and the ratio range of the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 to the arrangement pitch P is: 0.5 < D / P < 0.8.

[0052] Furthermore, the value range of the diameter D of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 is: 0.01 mm < D < 0.1 mm.

[0053] By defining the relationship among the diameter D, height H, and arrangement pitch P of the cylindrical microstructures 120, the cylindrical microstructures 120 have a good effect in scattering light. It will neither limit the scattering angle of light due to too small height H nor cause excessive scattering of light due to too large height H, and can help maximize the light collection and scattering capabilities of the cylindrical microstructures 120, effectively suppressing the reflectivity of incident light and improving the utilization rate of light energy. Moreover, it can maximize the space utilization rate of the microstructure array, ensure that the scattering effects among the microstructures complement each other, and achieve a more uniform light distribution. Also, it can enable more light to be intercepted and scattered by the cylindrical microstructures 120, improving the utilization efficiency of light energy. And a reasonable arrangement pitch can reduce the mutual interference among the cylindrical microstructures 120.

[0054] Furthermore, the cylindrical microstructures 120 are aspherical optical lenses disposed on the first plane 111 of the body 11. For example, they can be processed by means of UV transfer printing.

[0055] In this embodiment, multiple cylindrical microstructures 120 are arranged in an array on the first plane 111. The cylindrical microstructures 120 are arranged in at least two columns, and the cylindrical microstructures 120 in adjacent two columns are arranged in a staggered manner. Such an arrangement can enable the cylindrical microstructures 120 to more effectively cover the first plane 111, thereby increasing the light collection area of the light collection element 1. Moreover, the staggered arrangement helps to avoid the occlusion of light between adjacent cylindrical microstructures 120 and achieve a more uniform light distribution. The microstructures arranged in an array can maximize the utilization of the space of the first plane 111 and improve the space utilization rate. Of course, in other embodiments, multiple cylindrical microstructures 120 can also be in other arrangement forms. For example, hexagonal array arrangement or other arrangements.

[0056] In this embodiment, the shapes of multiple cylindrical microstructures 120 are the same. Such an arrangement can accurately focus incident light and enhance the light collection ability. In addition, it can also reduce unnecessary light scattering, reduce background noise, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0057] In other embodiments, the shapes of multiple cylindrical microstructures 120 can also be different. For example, they can have different aspherical surfaces, or different heights H, or different diameters D.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present utility model further provides a photodetector 100, which includes the above-mentioned light collecting element 1 and a photoelectric receiver 2. The photoelectric receiver 2 is configured to receive the light emitted from the light collecting element 1. Since the light collecting element 1 of the present utility model can not only collect incident light at a small angle, but also effectively collect incident light at a medium angle and a large angle, thereby increasing the amount of light received by the photoelectric receiver 2, and further improving the photometric accuracy.

[0059] Combined with Figures 4 to 7 , the following description in the specification will explain the optical path diagram of the light from the light collecting element 1 to the photoelectric receiver 2, and by comparing the optical path diagram of the ordinary photodetector 100' in the prior art and the optical path diagram of the photodetector 100 of the present utility model, the process of the light collecting element 1 of the present utility model improving the light collection efficiency will be described in detail.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the prior art, the incident surface of the ordinary light collecting element 1' is the first plane. When the incident light enters the ordinary light collecting element 1', most of the incident light is reflected on the first plane 111, and as the angle of the incident light increases, the proportion of the reflected light increases, so that most of the incident light cannot enter the ordinary light collecting element 1', reducing the collection efficiency of the ordinary light collecting element 1'. Moreover, the ordinary photoelectric receiver 2' cannot receive the light from the ordinary laser element, resulting in a reduction in the test accuracy of the photodetector, and it is impossible to effectively measure the large-angle light.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it is the optical path diagram of the photodetector 100 of the present utility model. In the present utility model, the light incident surface is the outer peripheral surface 122 and the top surface 121 of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 and the gap 13 between the two cylindrical micro-structures 120.

[0062] When the incident light irradiates the light collecting element 1, part of the incident light enters the cylindrical micro-structure 120 from the top surface 121, undergoes multiple scattering inside the cylindrical micro-structure 120 and then enters the main body 11, and is scattered out from the second plane 112 and received by the photoelectric receiver 2.

[0063] Part of the incident light irradiates into the gap 13 between two adjacent cylindrical micro-structures 120, is reflected by the outer peripheral surface 122 of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 and then enters the main body 11 from the gap 13, and then is scattered out from the second plane 112 and received by the photoelectric receiver 2.

[0064] Part of the incident light also irradiates the outer peripheral surface 122 of the cylindrical micro-structure 120 from the gap 13, enters the cylindrical micro-structure 120 from the outer peripheral surface 122, scatters inside the cylindrical micro-structure 120, then enters the body 11, and then scatters out from the second plane 112 and is received by the photoelectric receiver 2.

[0065] With such a setting, the light collecting element 1 can receive incident light at any angle, effectively improving the light collecting efficiency of the light collecting element 1 and the detection accuracy of the photodetector 100 having the light collecting element 1. In addition, the protruding cylindrical micro-structure 120 also increases the optical path of the incident light inside the light collecting element 1, making the light enter the surface of the photoelectric receiver 2 as scattered light, further improving the light collecting efficiency.

[0066] Taking the first incident angle of 80° as an example, in Figure 5 the light collecting efficiency of the shown ordinary light collecting element 1' is less than 40%, while in Figure 7 the light collecting efficiency of the shown light collecting element 1 can be increased to 60%, and the light collecting efficiency is increased by 50%. This is because when the incident angle of the incident light is 80°, most of the incident light is reflected on the ordinary light collecting element 1' and then escapes from the ordinary light collecting element 1', and cannot enter the ordinary light collecting element 1', so the light collecting efficiency is low. For the light collecting element 1 of the present invention, due to the setting of the cylindrical micro-structure 120, the incident light enters the outer peripheral surface 122 of the columnar micro-structure 12 from the gap 13, and the vertical outer peripheral surface 122 can re-direct the incident light, change the propagation direction of the incident light, and can convert the large-angle incident light into small-angle incident light and enter the cylindrical micro-structure 120, thereby effectively suppressing the reflection of the incident light and improving the light collecting efficiency of the light collecting unit.

[0067] In summary, for the light collecting element 1 of the present utility model, by providing a plurality of columnar microstructures 12 protruding from the first plane 111 on the first plane 111 of the body 11, incident light enters the light collecting element 1 from the top surface 121 and / or the outer peripheral surface 122 of the columnar microstructures 12, or enters the light collecting element 1 from the gap 13 between two adjacent columnar microstructures 12, which can increase the light contact area of the light collecting element 1, prevent the escape of incident light, and improve the light collection efficiency. Moreover, the light collecting element 1 of the present utility model can effectively receive incident light at any angle, further improving the light collection efficiency. Incident light at a large angle enters the columnar microstructures 12 from the outer peripheral surface 122 of the columnar microstructures 12 and then turns into incident light at a relatively small angle, thereby effectively preventing the escape of incident light and improving the light collection efficiency of the light collection unit. Incident light at a small angle can enter the light collecting element 1 from the top surface of the columnar microstructures 12 and the gap 13 between two columnar microstructures 12, thereby effectively improving the light collection efficiency of the light collecting element 1. In addition, by providing a gap 13 between two columnar microstructures 12, part of the incident light is reflected after irradiating the outer peripheral surface 122 of the columnar microstructures 12, and thus can enter the light collecting element 1 from the gap 13, making the light be captured as if it enters a trap, avoiding the escape of light, and thereby improving the light collection efficiency.

[0068] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not to limit them. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present utility model can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A light collecting element, applied to a photodetector, characterized in that Comprising: A body (11) including a first plane (111) and a second plane (112) arranged oppositely. On the body (11), a plurality of columnar microstructures (12) are formed to protrude from the first plane (111) in a direction away from the second plane (112). There is a gap (13) between two adjacent columnar microstructures (12). Each columnar microstructure (12) includes an outer peripheral surface (122) protruding from the first plane (111), and a top surface (121) and a bottom surface located on both the upper and lower sides of the outer peripheral surface (122). Both the outer peripheral surface (122) and the top surface (121) are light incident surfaces. The body (11) is configured to scatter incident light entering through the light incident surfaces and then emit the scattered light from the second plane (112).

2. The light collecting element according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least part of the incident light is reflected by the outer peripheral surface (122) of the columnar microstructure (12), enters the body (11) through the gap (13), and is then emitted from the second plane (112).

3. The light collecting element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The columnar microstructure (12) is a cylindrical microstructure (120).

4. The light collecting element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio range of the height H of the cylindrical microstructure (120) in the direction perpendicular to the first plane (111) to the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical microstructure (120) is: 0.8 < H / D < 1.

1.

5. The light collecting element according to claim 3, wherein, There is an arrangement pitch P between a plurality of the cylindrical microstructures (120). The ratio range of the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical microstructure (120) to the arrangement pitch P is: 0.5 < D / P < 0.

8.

6. The light collecting element according to claim 3, wherein, The value range of the diameter D of the bottom surface of the cylindrical microstructure (120) is: 0.01 mm < D < 0.1 mm.

7. The light collecting element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The columnar microstructure (12) is made of a volume diffusion material.

8. The light collecting element according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the columnar microstructures (12) are arranged in an array on the first plane (111).

9. The light collecting element according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the columnar microstructures (12) are arranged in at least two columns on the first plane (111), and the columnar microstructures (12) in adjacent two columns are arranged in a staggered manner.

10. A photodetector, characterized in that, Comprising a photoelectric receiver (2) and a light collecting element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The photoelectric receiver (2) is configured to receive the light emitted from the light collecting element (1).

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