Three-dimensional printing multi-path feeder with satellite pressing wheel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-dimensional printing multi-path feeder with a satellite material pressing wheel, and belongs to the field of mechanical structures. The automatic sorting machine structurally comprises a support, a shell, a feeding guide hole, a discharging guide hole, a pushing power mechanism and a sorting power mechanism, wherein the support and the shell are used for fixing and installing all components; according to the basic installation relation, the main shaft and the sun shaft are fixedly installed and are parallel to each other; the pushing motor drives the main shaft; a planetary shaft driven by the planetary gear is also used as a satellite bracket; a satellite material pressing wheel is fixedly installed on a satellite shaft of the satellite support and can rotate freely; a material selecting motor drives a sun shaft, so that when any one needed satellite material pressing wheel runs to the position closest to a material pushing gear or a material pushing friction wheel in a satellite state, a certain satellite material pressing wheel can tightly press the material pushing gear and the material pushing friction wheel, forward or reverse driving of a material wire clamped between the satellite material pressing wheel and the material pushing friction wheel is completed, and feeding work is carried out; and the material can be widely applied to FDM 3D printers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing. Specifically, it is a multi-color selection and extrusion machine dedicated to FDM-3D printers, applicable to the printing situation of selecting one from multiple filaments. Background Art

[0002] The present invention is directed to FDM-3D printing technology: specifically, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Rapid prototyping The process is a method of heating and melting various filaments (such as Engineering plastics ABS, Polycarbonate PC etc.) and then stacking them layer by layer to form a shape, abbreviated as FDM. Most FDM rapid prototyping technologies can use a variety of forming materials, such as modified paraffin wax, (acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene) copolymer (ABS), nylon, rubber and other thermoplastic materials, as well as multiphase composite materials, such as mixtures of metal powders, ceramic powders, short fibers, etc. and thermoplastic materials. Among them, PLA (polylactic acid) has the advantages of lower shrinkage rate, easier shaping of printed models, and biodegradability.

[0003] The basic structure and operating principle of an FDM-3D printer are described as follows:

[0004] It mainly includes a feeding mechanism, a mechanical stage that transports the extruder for 2D or 3D (horizontal X-axis and Y-axis movement and vertical Z-axis drive) movement, or the extruder remains stationary in the (Z-axis direction), and the movement in the Z-axis direction is completed by the lifting of an independent loading workbench; currently, the 3D mechanical system for driving the extruder of an FDM-3D printer is divided into: a robotic arm 3D displacement system, a belt or lead screw-driven (X, Y axes) 2D mechanical transmission + (Z-axis) lifting loading workbench system, a vertical 3 lead screw drive (commonly known as: For example, a displacement drive system that uses a connecting rod to connect the extruder platform, etc. There is also a structural housing that maintains the above-mentioned motion structure, etc.; there is also an electronic control system that supports the motion of the mechanical system, etc. The working conditions are as follows: Under the control of the electronic system, according to the cross-sectional profile information of the product part, the extruder moves in the X-Y plane, the loading workbench adjusts its height. At the start of printing, the plane of the workbench is located at the nozzle position of the hot melt nozzle. The thermoplastic filamentous material is sent to the hot melt nozzle by the wire feeding mechanism, and is heated and melted into a semi-liquid state in the nozzle, and then is extruded out, and is selectively coated on the workbench. After rapid cooling, a thin sheet contour with a thickness of about 0.1-8 mm is formed. After one layer of cross-section forming is completed, the workbench descends a certain height, and then the next layer of cladding is carried out, as if "drawing" the cross-section and contour layer by layer. In this way, a three-dimensional product part is finally formed. Usually, 1 special nozzle is used to lay the support material (the support material is generally water-soluble and is removed by water washing after printing); during the printing process, the displacement of the print head on the plane and the up and down displacement of the print platform in cooperation will form a three-dimensional space. The print head and the print platform print according to the generated path. After the print head completes a printing task on a plane, the print platform automatically descends one layer, and the print head continues to print, repeating until the finished product is completed. Or the Z-axis motor is not used to drive the lifting of the printing object platform, the printing object platform remains stationary in the Z-axis direction, and the Z-axis motor is used to drive the extruder to move up and down; or 3 vertical lead screws are used to drive 3 vertically moving sliders, and all 3 sliders are hinged to the extruder, and the three-dimensional displacement addressing purpose is also achieved through an algorithm (the three-dimensional space position of the extruder is determined by the position coordinates of the 3 sliders in the Z-axis direction). The temperature of the print head is relatively high, and it varies according to different materials and different model design temperatures. In order to prevent problems such as warping of the printed object, the print platform is generally heated, and a sticker is generally covered on the print platform to facilitate the peeling of the printed finished product.

[0005] The circuit part includes: The circuit part of the 3D printer plays a role in the printer to control the entire printing process to run coordinately, orderly, and completely. A typical circuit part of an FDM type 3D printer mainly includes an Arduino Mega 2560 main control board, a Ramps 1.4 expansion board, and a stepper motor driver board. The following introduces their basic parameters and functions as follows. Arduino Mega 2560 Main Control Board The microcontroller of the Arduino Mega 2560 main control board is atmega2560, with a working voltage of 5V, 54 digital I / O pins, 16 analog input pins, and a DC current of 50 milliamps for each I / O pin. The main control board is the brain of the 3D printer, responsible for controlling the entire printer to complete specific actions, such as printing specific files, etc. It should be noted here that the diode for powering the main control board by the expansion board is not soldered, that is, the Mega 2560 main control board needs to be powered separately, directly using USB 5V or through a power connector. Arduino is a convenient, flexible, and easy-to-start open-source electronic prototyping platform, including hardware (various types of Arduino boards) and software (Arduino IDE). Its circuit diagram design with open source code and program development interfaces can be downloaded for free and can also be modified according to personal needs, which meets the needs of different people for innovation and creativity. Before the 3D printer runs, the Marlin firmware needs to be downloaded in the Arduino IDE, and some parameters in the firmware need to be modified according to needs to meet the printing requirements. The Ramps 1.4 expansion board is plugged into the main control board and connected to the main control board through pins. It is used to better connect and control other hardware and plays a role as a transition bridge. The expansion board needs to be connected to two 12V power supplies, one of which is 11A for powering the heated bed, and the other is 5A for powering components such as the extruder, each axis motor, and fan. Since the author does not use the heated bed, only one 12V, 5A power supply is needed. There are also LEDs for fan output and heating rod output indication on the Ramps 1.4 expansion board. The extruder and each axis motor are controlled by the main control board through the stepper motor driver board A4988. Since the author uses a single-head printer, the A4988 for the extruder 2 motor interface does not need to be installed. It is located in the upper right corner of the expansion board and has limit switches in the X, Y, and Z directions, which can control the origin of the printer each time it works. The A4988 stepper motor driver board is used to connect the stepper motor, thereby realizing the control of the stepper motor by the main control board and realizing the actions of the XYZ axis motors and the extruder. The characteristics of the A4988 stepper motor driver board are that it only has simple stepper and direction control interfaces, has 5 different stepper modes: full, half, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, and 1 / 16. The adjustable potentiometer can adjust the maximum current output to obtain a higher stepper rate, and has functions such as overheat shutdown circuit, under-voltage lockout, cross-current protection, as well as the functions of ground short-circuit protection and load short-circuit protection.The driver board is plugged into the corresponding interface on the expansion board through pins. Software part example: As the author already knew before, the software part of a 3D printer includes two major parts, the host computer software and the lower computer software, and each part has further subdivisions. Through the operation of the software, the author can realize the setting and control of the printing parameters by the main control board. The process of the complete operation of all software of a 3D printer is as follows: First, the author needs to complete the modeling of parts in 3D modeling software on the computer, such as 3D software like Solidworks, UG, 3D Max, etc. After creating the 3D model, save the file as an STL format, open the STL file in the slicing software Slic3r, generate code through a series of printing settings, open the code in another host computer software Pronterface, and connect to the main board. The lower computer software on the main board is the Marlin firmware, and parameter settings have been made in advance before operation. After successful connection, the LED light on the main board will flash. Wait for the heating tube on the printer to heat up, and start printing after the temperature rises to the set temperature. The following specifically introduces the software part of the printer. The lower computer software Marlin firmware is free software and can be directly used for software development. When the author uses the Marlin firmware in a 3D printer, only need to download the firmware in the Arduino IDE software, find the Configuration.h file in the Marlin firmware, and can modify the relevant code content according to their own needs. The printer developed by the author needs to make the following modifications.

[0006] The core components of the extruder include the extrusion part and the feeder;

[0007] The extruder consists of a pipe, a heated metal block, a heating rod, and a temperature sensor. Plastic filament is extruded through the pipe's inlet and guided into the nozzle area of the metal block, where it is heated. The pressure of the piston is then applied to the nozzle and extruded onto the print bed. The extruder's pipe is made of stainless steel, which has poor thermal conductivity. The interior of the pipe is lined with Teflon tubing or a coating. Heat sinks and fans are used to reduce pipe temperature, significantly reducing clogging. A heated bed can be used to minimize warping and shrinkage caused by sudden temperature drops. Common nozzle diameters include 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, and 0.5mm. Extruders have also been developed with 2-input / 1-outlet, 3-input / 1-outlet, and even 5-input / 1-outlet configurations. However, due to the relatively simple and large melt chamber, color changes are slow and mixed colors are not uniform. Richard Horne pioneered this approach by modifying the extruder's pulse rate to achieve mixed extrusion. For example, a typical extruder produces 90 pulses per millimeter. If there are three groups of mixed total amount, then the original total amount will be three times. Richard Horne set the pulse of extruder 1 to 45 pulses per millimeter, the pulse of extruder 2 to 45 pulses per millimeter, and the pulse of extruder 3 to 45 pulses per millimeter; and the repetier firmware used by Richard Horne can modify the pulse equivalent in the EEPROM. Through red, yellow and blue plastic filaments, green is produced by fusing yellow and blue, and purple is produced by fusing red and blue. The working principle of RichRap is more like tie-dyeing (a dyeing method in which the fabric is partially tied up during dyeing to prevent it from being colored). The colors are not mixed in the true sense, but are mixed with a "toothpaste effect" where there is a distance between the colors (although active color mixing is effective, the structure and leakage prevention materials have always been a problem).

[0008] The feeder is also one of the core parts of the extruder assembly: the commonly used structure is a single-channel feeding structure in which the feed motor directly drives the gear, and cooperates with the idler wheel or gear to use the friction thrust of the teeth to squeeze the filament into the throat. The created Prusa 3D team conducted product trials. Both used the concept of mechanical filament switching. The Canadian team's was a 4-in-1 with hot melt welding connection, and its mechanical structure was relatively complex; the Prusa 3D team's was a 5-in-1 cold docking. Five independent wire feeding motors were arranged in a row for wire feeding, and a wire selection port that moved linearly under the drive of a lead screw selectively docked with the outlets of each filament. At the same time, the filament needed to be cut opportunely before leaving. The Prusa 3D team ranked among the top in the 2019 FDM multi-color 3D printer review. Subsequently, some upgrades were also made based on the feedback of a large number of Prusa users: such as the design improvements of the new Prusa i3 MK3S 3D printer and the MMU2S multi-material extruder; the Canadian team faded out of the Chinese market in 2019 (the Guangzhou general agent: Daochu Technology voluntarily withdrew).

[0009] Both of the two similar material selection mechanisms of the Canadian and Prusa 3D teams have two major drawbacks: First, the material change time cannot be accurate, and a long transition time is required to change the material, resulting in a serious prolongation of the printing time; the hot melt welded joints of the Canadian mechanism are often large, exceeding the diameter of the 1.75 filament and blocking the channel. The filament cutting surface problem of the Prusa 3D team causes material jams, and improvements were made in 2020 for this reason. In fact, the complex mechanism and poor reliability are even more fundamental common problems.

[0010] Current technical defects: For multi-color switching FDM-3D printer models, how to create fast material selection, reduce excessive color materials, have simple user operations, lower costs and higher reliability through a simpler mechanical structure are all problems that need to be urgently solved. [Summary of the Invention]

[0011] Object of the present invention:

[0012] Solve the multi-color selection and wire feeding problems of FDM-3D printers with a simple structure and simple installation and use, and it is easy to expand to 5-8 colors.

[0013] Features of the present invention:

[0014] Only use two motors and two shafts; in the running mode of satellite and planetary gears, it can fully meet the wire feeding function of multi-way filament switching.

[0015] Structure and principle of the present invention:

[0016] The structure of the three-dimensional printing multi-channel feeder with a satellite pressure wheel according to the present invention includes: a bracket and a housing for fixing and installing each component, a feed guide hole, a discharge guide hole, a material pushing power mechanism, and a material selection power mechanism; the material pushing power mechanism includes: a material pushing motor, and a main shaft capable of serially connecting 2-18 material pushing gears or material pushing friction wheels; the material selection power mechanism includes: a material selection motor, a sun shaft, a sun gear, a planetary bracket, a planetary shaft, a planetary gear, a satellite pressure wheel, a satellite shaft, and a compression spring;

[0017] Basic installation relationship: The main shaft and the sun shaft are fixedly installed and parallel to each other; the center lines of the feed guide hole and the discharge guide hole are on the same straight line, and this straight line passes through the gap between the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel and the satellite pressure wheel; the material pushing motor directly connects the shaft or drives the main shaft through the cooperation of a direct drive gear and a reduction gear; the material selection motor drives the sun gear on the sun shaft through the constraint of the planetary bracket, and then meshes with the planetary gear to rotate. The planetary gear drives the planetary shaft (also serving as the satellite bracket) to rotate. The satellite pressure wheel is installed on the satellite shaft fixed to the planetary shaft (also serving as the satellite bracket) and can rotate freely. The satellite shaft is parallel to the planetary shaft and there is a certain distance between the two shafts; under the pressure of the compression spring, the planetary bracket drives the satellite pressure wheel on the planetary shaft to press the wire tightly between the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel and the satellite pressure wheel; the number of satellite pressure wheels is the same as that of the material pushing gears or the material pushing friction wheels, and they are meshed or pressed one by one. The corresponding planetary shafts of the satellite pressure wheels are parallel to each other and not on the same straight line. The positions of each planetary shaft are arranged at different angular positions relative to the center of the planetary shaft (also serving as the satellite bracket) (so that at a specific angular orientation, only one satellite pressure wheel is closest to the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel); the satellite pressure wheel must protrude from the surface of the planetary shaft cylinder to effectively press the wire. In this way, the satellite pressure wheel protrudes from the surface of the planetary shaft cylinder, and the protruding value is at least 1 / 10 of its own (satellite pressure wheel) diameter;

[0018] Working principle of the present invention: It can be seen from the above assembly relationship that the material pushing motor drives the main shaft to rotate together with all the material pushing gears or the material pushing friction wheels. The material selection motor drives and locks the sun gear, which also drives and locks the rotation angle position of the planetary shaft (also serving as the satellite bracket). When it is in the position state closest to the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel, the rotation angle of the satellite pressure wheel is also locked, so that a certain satellite pressure wheel can be pressed tightly on the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel; the pressing force between the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel and the satellite pressure wheel comes from the pressing force of the compression spring on the planetary bracket, and the compression spring forces the planetary bracket to move closer to the main shaft direction; when it is necessary to switch the wire, the material selection motor drives and locks the sun gear, so that any required satellite pressure wheel runs to the position state closest to the material pushing gear or the material pushing friction wheel in the satellite state, and the material selection work is completed;

[0019] Further: for the sun gear and the planetary gear described above, the feature is that the pushing motor can replace the cooperation of the direct drive gear and the reduction gear with the transmission of the belt and the pulley.

[0020] Further: for the feeding guide hole and the discharging guide hole described above, the feature is that in addition to keeping the free and unresisted passing of the filament, or pressing the filament tightly by elastic pieces and rubber blocks at the positions near the feeding guide hole and the discharging guide hole, or tightening the filament with the holes opened on the rubber blocks, so as to increase the frictional resistance to the filament and prevent it from slipping and shifting positions easily.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compact structure, space saving, low cost, beautiful and practical. [Description of the Drawings]

[0022] Figure 1 Overall structure, front view and back view of the 5-way feeder for 3D printing with satellite pressure wheels.

[0023] Figure 2 Exploded view of the components of the 5-way feeder for 3D printing with satellite pressure wheels.

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the pushing gear and the satellite pressure wheel.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the FDM-3D printer with a 5-way switching feeder with satellite pressure wheels.

[0026] Annotation of the attached drawings:

[0027] (Overall of the 5-way switching feeder)

[0028] (1) Feeding guide hole

[0029] (2) Pressure elastic piece

[0030] (3) Discharging (hole) hose nozzle

[0031] (4) Right end plate

[0032] (5) Left end plate

[0033] (6) Bracket and housing

[0034] (7) Satellite shaft, axis 2

[0035] (10) Filament (pushing power mechanism)

[0036] (11) Pushing motor

[0037] (12) Main shaft

[0038] (13) Transmission gear

[0039] (14) Driving gear

[0040] (15) Satellite pressure wheel

[0041] (16) Pushing gear

[0042] (17) Satellite shaft, axis 1

[0043] (18) Spindle gear

[0044] (19) Inner view of the back of this pusher

[0045] (Material selection power mechanism)

[0046] (20) Material selection motor

[0047] (21) Sun shaft (axis)

[0048] (22) Planet bracket

[0049] (23) Planet shaft (satellite bracket), axis

[0050] (24) Sun gear

[0051] (25) Planet gear

[0052] (26) Torsion (compression) spring

[0053] (27) Satellite bare shaft with bracket removed

[0054] (Overall of 5-way 3D printer)

[0055] (28) Special 5-color extruder

[0056] (30) Special nozzle

[0057] (32) Printing platform [Detailed implementation manner]

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with reference to the preferred embodiments:

[0059] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown:

[0060] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the 5-way switching feeder with a satellite pressure wheel; the front and back views of the feeder, for the sake of clarity and without mutual occlusion, the bracket and the housing (6) are also removed.

[0061] Figure 2 is the exploded view of the feeder.

[0062] Figure 3It is the cooperation relationship between the pusher gear on the main shaft and the satellite pressing wheel on the planetary shaft (23) which also serves as the satellite support.

[0063] Combining the above 3 figures, the principle and function can be clearly analyzed:

[0064] Installation state and working principle:

[0065] (Purpose of the design: Only 1 wire can be pushed and retracted at the same time)

[0066] The pusher power mechanism includes: The driving gear (14) assembled on the shaft of the extrusion motor (11) drives the main shaft gear (18) installed at the end of the main shaft (12) through the transmission gear (13) (double-layer gear (the reduction gear between the double layers is rigidly connected): with the nature of an idler gear, fixed-axis transmission), synchronously driving the pusher gear (16) (2 - 10, or it can also be a pusher friction wheel) fixed on the main shaft (12) to rotate, and the pressing wheel required for feeding to mesh or press against the pusher gear (16) is installed on the satellite support; that is, the planetary shaft (23) also serves as the satellite support, and the satellite pressing wheel (15) is installed at the cylindrical position of the planetary shaft (23). The axes of all satellite shafts are parallel to the planetary shaft and are not on the same straight line, and are installed at different angular positions relative to the planetary center (so that at a specific angular orientation, only one satellite pressing wheel is closest to the pusher gear or the pusher friction wheel); the satellite pressing wheel (15) can rotate freely around the axis 1 (17) of the satellite shaft;

[0067] The movement control of the planetary shaft (23) is completed by the material selection power mechanism. The material selection power mechanism includes: The sun gear (24) driven by the motor shaft of the material selection motor (20) serves as the sun shaft (21) to drive the planetary gear (25), driving the rotation of the planetary support (22) to determine the rotation angle (orientation) of the planetary shaft (23), that is, to determine which satellite pressing wheel (15) is closest to the main shaft (12) or the pusher gear (16), thereby determining which wire is driven, and maintaining this position state through the electronic self-locking of the material selection motor (20); the pressure of the satellite pressing wheel (15) on the pusher gear (16) comes from the torsion (pressing) spring (26) to press the wire clamped between the two wheels;

[0068] Figure 1The following figure within the dashed line is: the internal view of the back of this pusher. When the bracket and the housing (6) are removed, the internal mechanism is clearly visible; the wire (10) is pressed tightly by the pressure spring plate (2) before entering the feeding guide hole (1) (in the figure: a section of the feeding guide hole (1) is cut open, and the pressure spring plate can just press on the exposed wire, adding some resistance to the wire to prevent slipping), after passing through the area between the satellite pressure wheel (15) and the pusher gear (16), it enters the feeding hose through the discharge hole (hose nozzle) (3) and leads to the extrusion nozzle; the right end plate (4), the left end plate (5) together with the brackets of the feeding guide hole and the discharge hole and the housing (6) jointly form the basic frame structure to support the main shaft, the sun shaft and the planetary bracket (22); Figure 3 What is within the dashed line is: the bare satellite shaft (27) with the bracket removed. There are also 2 disassembled satellite pressure wheels, and it can be seen that the inner hole of the satellite pressure wheel contains: a conventional inner solid shaft section and bearings. The solid shaft section is used to be clamped in the concave pits on the cylindrical surface of the planetary shaft (23), meeting the requirements that the satellite shaft, axis 1 (17) and the satellite shaft, axis 2 (7) are different axes on the same straight line, corresponding to different concave pits.

[0069] As Figure 4 shown:

[0070] For the common structure of a typical 5-color FDM-3D printer, multiple wires (29) are selected by a 5-way switching feeder (28) and extruded through a dedicated nozzle (30), and then stacked into a printed object on the printing platform (31). The dedicated nozzle (30) is a 5-in-1-out nozzle or a 5-in-5-out nozzle.

[0071] It should be noted that in this case, the satellite pressure wheel (15) and the pusher gear (16) have the same structure. The gear is divided into two sections; one section has a slightly larger gear diameter and is meshed synchronously with each other, aiming to make the transmission more reliable, and both wheels are powered; the other section has a slightly smaller gear diameter and is concave in shape, which is beneficial to wrapping the wire with a circular cross-section, increasing the friction force and also avoiding slipping.

Claims

1. A 3D printing multi-channel feeder with a satellite pinch wheel, comprising: Brackets and housings for fixing and installing various components, feed guide holes, discharge guide holes, pusher power mechanisms, and material selection power mechanisms; The pusher power mechanism includes: a pusher motor and a main shaft capable of serially connecting 2 - 18 pusher gears or pusher friction wheels; the material selection power mechanism includes: a material selection motor, a sun shaft, a sun gear, a planetary bracket, a planetary shaft, a planetary gear, a satellite pressing wheel, a satellite shaft, and a compression spring; Basic installation relationship: The main shaft and the sun shaft are fixedly installed and parallel to each other; the center lines of the feed guide hole and the discharge guide hole are on the same straight line, and this center line passes through the gap between the pusher gear or pusher friction wheel and the satellite pressing wheel; the pusher motor directly connects the shaft or drives the main shaft through the cooperation of a direct drive gear and a reduction gear; the material selection motor drives the sun gear on the sun shaft, which is constrained by the planetary bracket and then meshes with the planetary gear to rotate; under the pressure of the compression spring, the planetary bracket drives the satellite pressing wheel on the planetary shaft, and the wire is clamped between the pusher gear or pusher friction wheel and the satellite pressing wheel; the number of satellite pressing wheels is the same as that of the pusher gears or pusher friction wheels and they are meshed or pressed one by one correspondingly. The planetary shafts corresponding to the satellite pressing wheels are parallel to each other and not on the same straight line, and are distributed on the cylindrical surface positions at different angles relative to the planetary axis center. The satellite pressing wheel protrudes at least 1 / 10 of its own diameter from the cylindrical surface of the planetary shaft; moreover, the satellite shaft is parallel to the planetary shaft and there is a certain distance between the two shafts; Working principle of the present invention: It can be seen from the above assembly relationship that the pusher motor drives the main shaft to rotate together with all the pusher gears or pusher friction wheels, and the material selection motor drives and locks the sun gear, which also drives and locks the rotation angle position of the planetary shaft and the satellite bracket. When it is in the position state closest to the pusher gear or pusher friction wheel, the rotation angle of the satellite pressing wheel is also locked, so that a certain satellite pressing wheel can be pressed against the pusher gear or pusher friction wheel; the pressing force between the pusher gear or pusher friction wheel and the satellite pressing wheel comes from the pressing force of the compression spring on the planetary bracket, and the compression spring forces the planetary bracket to move closer to the main shaft direction; when it is necessary to switch the wire, the material selection motor drives and locks the sun gear, and the planetary gear drives the planetary shaft to rotate so that the selected satellite pressing wheel is in the position state closest to the pusher gear or pusher friction wheel, and the material selection work is completed; Its feature lies in that: the satellite pressing wheels are installed on the cylindrical surface positions of the planetary shafts, and each satellite pressing wheel can freely rotate around its respective satellite shaft; all satellite shafts are parallel to the planetary shafts and are on the cylindrical surface positions at different angles relative to the planetary shafts.

2. The 3D printing multi-channel feeder with satellite pinch wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving of the sun gear and the planetary gear is through the direct drive cooperation of the pusher motor gear and the reduction gear, or replaced by the transmission of a belt and a pulley.

3. The three-dimensional printing multi-channel feeder with a satellite pressure wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In addition to keeping the wire passing through the feed guide hole and the discharge guide hole freely and without resistance; or at the positions near the feed guide hole and the discharge guide hole, the wire is pressed tightly by elastic pieces, rubber blocks or tightened by holes opened in the rubber blocks to increase the frictional resistance of the wire so that it is not easy to slip and shift positions.

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