Biomass hydrogen production equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses biomass hydrogen production equipment, and belongs to the field of biomass hydrogen production. The furnace comprises a furnace shell, the furnace shell is divided into a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity through a partition plate, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are arranged up and down, a burner is arranged at the top of the first containing cavity, and a slag water outlet is formed in the bottom of the second containing cavity; the combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber are located in the first containing cavity, the top of the combustion chamber is connected with the burner, the lower side of the combustion chamber is communicated with the steam generation chamber, and the lower side of the steam generation chamber is communicated with the second containing cavity; the smoke separation devices are mounted on the upper side of the partition plate, and smoke in the second containing cavity enters the space, located on the outer side of the combustion chamber and the outer side of the steam generation chamber, of the first containing cavity through the smoke separation devices. The device can prevent corrosive gas in synthesis gas from corroding equipment, and the service life of the equipment is longer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of hydrogen production, in particular to a biomass hydrogen production device. Background Art

[0002] A biomass hydrogen production device refers to a hydrogen production device that directly produces hydrogen through renewable energy and basically does not generate greenhouse gases during the production process. Biological hydrogen production is an important branch of green hydrogen production. Biomass can be sustainably obtained from nature, and it uses the gasification of biomass and the method of microbial catalytic dehydrogenation to produce hydrogen. It mainly includes various technologies such as photocatalysis, fermentation hydrogen production, and steam gasification.

[0003] Biomass steam gasification for hydrogen production is a process that uses steam as a gasifying agent to gasify biomass raw materials and finally converts them into hydrogen-rich fuels. This technology not only helps to produce the hydrogen required for the future economy, but also uses photosynthesis to complete the arduous task of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, thus providing a new solution for sustainable hydrogen production. For this reason, the biomass gasification hydrogen production technology has become an important development direction of biomass hydrogen production. Currently, due to the high volatile content of biomass, after passing through the combustion chamber, the biomass completely removes the volatile components and undergoes sufficient pyrolysis to generate products such as tar, wood vinegar, and carbon particles. When the existing preparation equipment is in the pressure boosting stage or there are pressure fluctuations, syngas containing ash and water vapor enters the space between the combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber and the furnace shell. The ash contains corrosive substances such as sulfur and chloride salts, and the syngas contains wet environment corrosive gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, which corrode the equipment, resulting in a short service life of the hydrogen production equipment. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Therefore, the utility model proposes a biomass hydrogen production device that can improve the service life of the equipment.

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A biomass hydrogen production device, comprising: a furnace shell, the furnace shell is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity arranged up and down by a partition board, a burner is arranged at the top of the first cavity, and a slag water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the second cavity; a combustion chamber and a steam generation chamber located in the first cavity, the top of the combustion chamber is connected to the burner, the lower side of the combustion chamber is communicated with the steam generation chamber, and the lower side of the steam generation chamber is communicated with the second cavity; a plurality of flue gas separation devices installed on the upper side of the partition board, and the flue gas in the second cavity enters the space outside the combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber in the first cavity through the flue gas separation devices.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of communication holes are provided on the partition, and the smoke separation device includes a separation tube and a filter connected to each other, and the separation tube is installed on the communication holes of the partition.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the smoke separation devices are evenly distributed on the partition along the circumferential direction.

[0009] Some embodiments of the present invention further include an air guide sleeve installed on the lower side of the partition, and the air guide sleeve surrounds the outlet of the steam generating chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the combustion chamber includes a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber arranged sequentially from top to bottom, the aspect ratio of the first combustion chamber is 2-6, and the aspect ratio of the second combustion chamber is 1-8.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the furnace shell is formed by a first half furnace shell and a second half furnace shell that are detachably connected. The first half furnace shell and the partition form the first cavity, and the second half furnace shell and the partition form the second cavity.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber are made of membrane walls.

[0013] Some embodiments of the present invention further include a rapper for rapping the steam generating chamber. The rapper is installed on the shell wall of the first half furnace shell, and its output end acts on the outer wall of the steam generating chamber.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second half furnace shell is further provided with a synthesis gas outlet, an alkali solution addition port, and a washing water inlet.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, an atomizing water spray assembly is provided on the upper part of the steam generating chamber. The atomizing water spray assembly includes a water spray pipe and a plurality of atomizing nozzles provided on the water spray pipe. The plurality of atomizing nozzles form an annular water curtain.

[0016] The technical solution of the utility model has the following technical effects compared with the existing technology:

[0017] In the biomass hydrogen production equipment provided by this utility model, a partition is provided to separate the furnace shell into a first chamber and a second chamber. The combustion chamber and steam generation chamber are located within the first chamber, minimizing corrosion from the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell and the outer walls of the combustion chamber and steam generation chamber due to contact with acidic moisture. Furthermore, the installation of several flue gas separation devices separates liquid water vapor from the synthesis gas and filters out ash from the synthesis gas, thus preventing corrosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to understand the objectives and advantages of the present utility model, where:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the biomass hydrogen production device of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the furnace shell in the biomass hydrogen production device of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber in the biomass hydrogen production device of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the flue gas separation device in the biomass hydrogen production device of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the vibrator in the biomass hydrogen production device of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the atomizing water spraying assembly in the steam generation chamber of the biomass hydrogen production device of the present utility model. Specific Embodiment

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] like Figure 1 The figure shows a specific embodiment of the biomass hydrogen production equipment of the present invention, which includes a furnace shell 10, which is divided into a first cavity 10a and a second cavity 10b arranged in an upper and lower manner by a partition 15, the top of the first cavity 10a is provided with a burner 13, and the bottom of the second cavity 10b is provided with a slag water outlet 14; a combustion chamber 21 and a steam generating chamber 22 are located in the first cavity 10a and are connected to each other, the top of the combustion chamber 21 is connected to the burner 13, the lower side of the combustion chamber 21 is connected to the steam generating chamber 22, and the lower side of the steam generating chamber 22 is connected to the second cavity 10b; in the biomass hydrogen production equipment, the furnace shell 10 is divided into the first cavity 10a and the second cavity 10b by providing a partition 15, wherein the combustion chamber 21 and the steam generating chamber 22 are arranged in the first cavity 10a, so as to avoid corrosion of the inner wall of the furnace shell 10 and the outer walls of the combustion chamber 21 and the steam generating chamber 22 from contact with acidic moisture as much as possible.

[0030] During the pressure increase stage or pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen production generator, syngas containing ash and water vapor may leak from the second cavity 10b into the annular cavity of the first cavity 10a (the cavity between the inner wall of the furnace shell 10 and the outer walls of the combustion chamber 21 and the steam generation chamber 22). The ash contains corrosive substances such as sulfur and chlorides, and the syngas contains corrosive gases in a wet environment such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, which will corrode the inner wall of the furnace shell 10 and the outer walls of the combustion chamber 21 and the steam generation chamber 22. In order to avoid the corrosion of the inner wall of the first cavity 10a by the syngas, in a specific embodiment, the biomass hydrogen production device further includes a plurality of flue gas separation devices 30 located between the combustion chamber 21, the steam generation chamber 22 and the furnace shell 10. A plurality of communication holes are provided on the partition plate 15, and the flue gas separation devices 30 are installed on the communication holes of the partition plate 15 for allowing the flue gas in the second cavity 10b to enter the space outside the combustion chamber 21 and the steam generation chamber 22 of the first cavity 10a through the flue gas separation devices 30. By providing a plurality of flue gas separation devices 30 between the combustion chamber 21, the steam generation chamber 22 and the furnace shell 10, the liquid water vapor in the syngas can be separated and the ash in the syngas can be filtered, thus avoiding corrosion.

[0031] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the flue gas separation device 30 includes a separation tube 31 and a filter 32 connected to each other. The separation tube 31 is installed on the communication hole of the partition plate 15. The filter 32 is composed of a filtering unit (such as sintered metal, woven metal mesh, or sintered felt) and its steel skeleton, and the filtering accuracy is 5 - 100 microns. To prevent water vapor and ash from forming mud and clogging the filter 32. A separation tube 31 is provided in front of the filter 32. During the upward movement of the raw syngas containing liquid water vapor in the separation tube 31, they collide with each other and aggregate into large droplets, which fall along the tube wall to the second cavity 10b under the action of gravity, achieving separation.

[0032] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, a plurality of the flue gas separation devices 30 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the partition plate 15, which can achieve the separation of water vapor and ash in each area of the annular cavity of the first cavity 10a.

[0033] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a gas guide sleeve 40 is provided below the partition plate 15, and the gas guide sleeve 40 surrounds the outlet of the steam generation chamber 22. The cooled syngas enters the water area of the second cavity 10b through the gas guide sleeve 40, bubbles and washes upward to the syngas outlet and is sent out of the gasifier, and the liquid slag forms solid slag after entering the water area of the second cavity 10b and is discharged from the hydrogen production generator through the slag water outlet 14.

[0034] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, according to the characteristics of high volatile matter of biomass, asFigure 3 As shown, the combustion chamber 21 includes a first combustion chamber 211 and a second combustion chamber 212, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The aspect ratio of the first combustion chamber 211 is 2-6, providing ample space for the suspension and dispersion of the biomass powder, allowing for complete devolatileization of the biomass and full pyrolysis to produce products such as tar, wood vinegar, and carbon particles. Under the dual effects of gravity and airflow entrainment, the pyrolysis products enter the small-diameter advection reaction zone, rectifying the gas and liquid slag downward. The aspect ratio of the second combustion chamber 212 is 1-8. During the rectification process, carbon-containing particles entrained by the gas are captured by the liquid ash. The carbon particles complete a gasification reaction with the downward flow of the liquid slag to produce a synthesis gas primarily composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which then melts into the liquid slag.

[0035] The operating temperature of the steam generating chamber 22 is controlled at about 800°C. The high-temperature synthesis gas carries the liquid slag into the steam generating chamber 22 and is cooled to 800°C, and the sensible heat is recovered in the form of steam. At the same time, a small amount of uncaptured short-circuit carbon particles continue to react in the steam generating chamber 22, further improving the carbon conversion rate and thermal efficiency.

[0036] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the furnace shell 10 is composed of a first half shell 11 and a second half shell 12 that are detachably connected. Specifically, the two are detachably connected using a flange structure. The first half shell 11 and the partition 15 form the first cavity 10a, and the second half shell 12 and the partition 15 form the second cavity 10b. The partition 15 is mounted on the upper portion of the second half shell 12 and located below the flange of the second half shell 12 to prevent flue gas corrosion on the flange of the first half shell 11, which could affect the service life of the first half shell 11. With this structure, the second half shell 12, which is exposed to more corrosive flue gases, can be regularly replaced to update the biomass hydrogen production equipment.

[0037] The furnace shell 10 has an allowable operating pressure range of 0.2 MPa(G) to 6.5 MPa(G). The first half-shell 11 is provided with an outer insulation layer. The operating temperature of the furnace shell 10 is greater than the dew point temperature at the syngas pressure, preventing water in the syngas entering the annular cavity from condensing and forming wet hydrogen sulfide that could corrode the inner wall of the furnace shell 10. The operating temperature of the second cavity 10b is less than 200°C, which is lower than the dew point temperature (260°C) at the syngas pressure, to ensure rapid condensation of the syngas and allow it to fall into the wash water in the lower area of the second cavity 10b. The cavity wall of the second half-shell 12 is also provided with a syngas outlet, an alkali solution inlet, and a wash water inlet.

[0038] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the combustion chamber 21 and the steam generation chamber 22 are fabricated using membrane walls. Among them, a heat insulation layer is provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 21, the temperature inside the combustion chamber 21 > 1200 °C, a heat absorption screen is provided on the inner wall of the steam generation chamber 22, and the temperature at the end of the steam generation chamber 22 > 800 °C, enabling the syngas to directly enter the water area through the gas guiding sleeve 40 while avoiding the crystallization temperature.

[0039] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, mounting holes are provided on the shell wall of the first half furnace shell 11, and a vibrator 50 is installed on the mounting holes. The vibrator 50 acts on the outer wall of the steam generation chamber 22. Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, an anvil 221 is welded on the outer wall of the steam generation chamber 22, and the vibrator 50 acts on the anvil 221 to intermittently vibrate the steam generation chamber 22, eliminating the potassium salts and sodium salts deposited on its wall surface, ensuring the stable steam output of the steam generation chamber 22, and improving the hydrogen production efficiency of this biomass hydrogen production device.

[0040] Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, an atomizing water spraying assembly is provided on the steam generation chamber 22. The atomizing water spraying assembly includes a water spraying pipe 222 and a number of atomizing nozzles 223 provided on the water spraying pipe 222. The number of atomizing nozzles 223 forms an annular water curtain to pre-cool the slag and high-temperature syngas entering the steam generation chamber 22, avoiding the attenuation of by-product steam caused by slagging on the steam generation chamber 22 when the biomass raw materials fluctuate. More specifically, as Figure 6 shown, the lower side of the second combustion chamber 212 extends into the interior of the steam generation chamber 22 along the top opening of the steam generation chamber 22, and the two are hermetically connected. The water spraying pipe 222 of the atomizing water spraying assembly surrounds the outer wall of the second combustion chamber 212 located inside the steam generation chamber 22, and the atomizing nozzles 223 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the water spraying pipe 222.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass hydrogen production device, characterized in that, Comprising: A furnace shell, which is divided by a partition into a first cavity and a second cavity arranged vertically. A burner is provided at the top of the first cavity, and a slag water outlet is provided at the bottom of the second cavity. A combustion chamber and a steam generation chamber located in the first cavity. The top of the combustion chamber is connected to the burner, the lower side of the combustion chamber communicates with the steam generation chamber, and the lower side of the steam generation chamber communicates with the second cavity. A number of flue gas separation devices installed on the upper side of the partition. The flue gas in the second cavity enters the space outside the combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber in the first cavity through the flue gas separation devices.

2. The biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A number of communication holes are provided on the partition. The flue gas separation device includes a separation pipe and a filter connected to each other. The separation pipe is installed on the communication hole of the partition.

3. The biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A number of the flue gas separation devices are evenly distributed on the partition in the circumferential direction.

4. The biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 3, wherein, It further includes a gas guiding sleeve installed on the lower side of the partition. The gas guiding sleeve surrounds the outlet of the steam generation chamber.

5. A biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combustion chamber includes a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The aspect ratio of the first combustion chamber is 2 - 6, and the aspect ratio of the second combustion chamber is 1 - 8.

6. The biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 5, wherein, The furnace shell is detachably connected by a first half furnace shell and a second half furnace shell. The first half furnace shell and the partition form the first cavity, and the second half furnace shell and the partition form the second cavity.

7. A biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The combustion chamber and the steam generation chamber are made of membrane walls.

8. A biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes a vibrator for vibrating the steam generation chamber. The vibrator is installed on the wall of the first half furnace shell, and its output end acts on the outer wall of the steam generation chamber.

9. A biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second half furnace shell is further provided with a syngas outlet, an alkali liquor inlet, and a washing water inlet.

10. A biomass hydrogen production device according to claim 9, characterized in that, An atomizing water spraying assembly is arranged at the upper part of the steam generation chamber. The atomizing water spraying assembly includes a water spraying pipe and a number of atomizing nozzles arranged on the water spraying pipe. The number of atomizing nozzles forms an annular water curtain.

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