Gearbox of offset output shaft of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gearbox of an offset output shaft of a numerical control machine tool, which relates to the technical field of gearboxes and comprises a power input shaft, an intermediate shaft and a power output shaft. The middle shaft is located on the outer side of the power input shaft, the power input shaft is in transmission connection with the middle shaft through a reduction gear set, and the middle shaft is in transmission connection with the power output shaft through a box body. And a clutch control mechanism is arranged at the top of the box body and is used for controlling a sliding gear in the box body to be meshed with or separated from shaft teeth of the intermediate shaft. Therefore, by reducing the number of the reduction gearboxes, the kinetic energy loss is reduced, the installation is simplified, and the purpose of reducing the production cost is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gearboxes, in particular to a gearbox for a numerically controlled machine tool with an offset output shaft. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools refer to processing machines in which the spindle axis is set perpendicular to the worktable. They are mainly suitable for processing large parts. There are fixed-beam type (beam is fixed, worktable moves / rotates), movable-beam type (beam moves up and down, worktable moves forward and backward), movable-column type (worktable is fixed, gantry moves), overhead crane type (worktable is fixed, beam moves), and there are also composite forms of the above for multiple types of processing parts. The processing characteristics, capabilities, targeted products, and processing purposes are not exactly the same.

[0003] When CNC machine tools perform high-speed machining, in order to ensure the timely discharge of machining debris, many CNC machine tools adopt a central water outlet method and use an offset box to adjust the position of the spindle for installing the rotary joint of the pump body. This can take away the debris in time, thereby ensuring machining accuracy.

[0004] In the prior art, there is a patent application document with publication number CN219809396U, entitled A gearbox structure for an offset output shaft of a CNC machine tool. In this document, the offset of the motor main shaft is achieved by setting a main reduction structure and a secondary reduction mechanism, and then the power is transmitted step by step. The gearbox structure is relatively complex. Since multiple reduction boxes are set, the volume and weight of the equipment are increased, and the installation accuracy and maintenance costs are greatly increased. At the same time, due to the multi-stage power transmission, in order to ensure that the output shaft has sufficient power output, a larger and more powerful motor is required, which will increase the cost again. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a gearbox with an offset output shaft for a CNC machine tool, which reduces the number of reduction boxes, reduces kinetic energy loss, simplifies installation, and achieves the purpose of reducing production costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a gearbox for an offset output shaft of a CNC machine tool, comprising: a housing, in which a power input shaft, an intermediate shaft and a power output shaft are rotatably mounted; characterized in that the power input shaft is transmission-connected to the intermediate shaft through a reduction gear set, the intermediate shaft is transmission-connected to the power output shaft, and the power input shaft and the power output shaft are both located on the same side of the intermediate shaft; the housing is provided with a clutch operating mechanism, a fixed gear set is provided on the intermediate shaft, and a sliding gear set is provided on the power output shaft, and the clutch operating mechanism is used to control the corresponding gears in the sliding gear set to engage or disengage with the corresponding gears in the fixed gear set.

[0007] Preferably, the box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are fixedly connected together. The power input shaft is installed on the upper box body, the power output shaft is installed on the lower box body, and the intermediate shaft penetrates through the upper box body and the lower box body.

[0008] Preferably, the upper box body comprises an upper box body main part, a lower end cover part and a tubular connecting part. The upper box body main part is used for accommodating the power input shaft and the reduction gear set. The lower end cover part is fixedly connected to the lower box body. The tubular connecting part is arranged between the upper box body main part and the lower end cover part. The intermediate shaft penetrates through the tubular connecting part. Two reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals on one side of the tubular connecting part. The two reinforcing ribs are integrally arranged with the upper box body main part and the lower end cover part respectively. The clutch operating mechanism is located outside the reinforcing ribs. A space for accommodating a rotary joint is arranged between the two reinforcing ribs.

[0009] Preferably, the clutch operating mechanism is a cylinder. The cylinder block of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper box body main part. The sliding gear set is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder through a connecting device.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting device comprises an inner bearing gland, an outer bearing gland, a bearing and a connecting disc. The bearing is installed on the outer periphery of a journal of the sliding gear set. The inner bearing gland is fixed to the end of the journal. The outer bearing gland is fixed to the connecting disc. The connecting disc is fixed to the piston rod.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting device comprises an inner bearing gland, an outer bearing gland, a bearing and a connecting disc. The bearing is installed on the outer periphery of a journal of the sliding gear set. The inner bearing gland is fixed to the end of the journal. The outer bearing gland is fixed to the connecting disc. The connecting disc is fixed to the piston rod.

[0012] Preferably, a water flow channel is arranged in the power output shaft. The water inlet end of the water flow channel communicates with the rotary joint.

[0013] Preferably, there are two cylinders, which are respectively located outside the two reinforcing ribs.

[0014] Preferably, the power input shaft is located above the power output shaft, and the axis of the power input shaft is collinear with the axis of the power output shaft.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects achieved by the present utility model are:

[0016] 1. Due to the setting of the power input shaft, the intermediate shaft, and the power output shaft, power transmission can be achieved among the three shafts. Compared with the design in the comparative document that first offsets and then decelerates the transmission, one reduction gearbox is directly reduced. While the weight is reduced, the power loss of the servo motor is relatively small. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of kinetic energy will be higher. When the rotational speed of the power output shaft is the same, a servo motor with a smaller power can meet the requirements at the top, which can not only simplify the installation and reduce the overall weight but also greatly save the procurement cost.

[0017] 2. Since a cylinder is used as the clutch operating mechanism and the height of the sliding gear set is changed through the cylinder to adjust the rotational speed of the power output shaft, compared with the structure that controls the speed by a fork, the installation and maintenance are simpler, the volume of the entire gearbox can be smaller, and the cylinder can be purchased externally. After being directly connected to the control system, a higher degree of automation can be achieved.

[0018] 3. Since a cavity for placing the cylinder is provided at the tubular connection part of the upper box body, the space is utilized more reasonably. When the two cylinders on both sides of the rotary joint drive the sliding gear set to move simultaneously, the force will be more stable, which can greatly reduce the vibration and ensure the machining accuracy. At the same time, since the upper box body and the lower box body are designed for separate machining, the hoisting will also be relatively stable, so it is also easy to install and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the gearbox of the offset output shaft of the numerical control machine tool of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view at B in

[0022] In the figure, 1, power input shaft;

[0023] 2, intermediate shaft;

[0024] 3, power output shaft; 31, water flow channel; 32, rotary joint;

[0025] 4, reduction gear set;

[0026] 5, box body; 51, sliding gear set; 52, cylinder; 53, lower box body 54, upper box body; 541, upper box body main part; 542, tubular connection part; 543, lower end cover part;

[0027] 6, connecting device; 61, inner bearing gland; 62, outer bearing gland; 63, connecting disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] See also Figures 1 - 3 The present invention provides a gearbox for a CNC machine tool with an offset output shaft, comprising: a power input shaft 1, an intermediate shaft 2, and a power output shaft 3. The intermediate shaft 2 is located outside the power input shaft 1 and is in transmission connection with the intermediate shaft 2 via a reduction gear set 4. The intermediate shaft 2 is in transmission connection with the power output shaft 3 via a housing 5. The housing 5 is provided with a clutch operating mechanism for controlling the engagement or disengagement of the sliding gear set 51 in the housing 5 with the gear teeth of the intermediate shaft 2. To ensure that the center water discharge function can be achieved during machining, the power output shaft 3 needs to be offset from the power input shaft 1. The purpose of the offset is to provide space for the rotary joint 32 and the clutch operating mechanism.

[0030] The power motor is generally installed on top of the ram, transmitting power to the power input shaft 1, then to the intermediate shaft 2 through the reduction gear set 4, and then to the power output shaft 3 through the housing 5. The clutch operating mechanism is used to control the meshing sequence and timing of the gears in the housing 5, and is adapted to different machining processes. In the above process, compared with the gearbox structure in publication number CN219809396U, the main reduction structure and the secondary reduction structure are combined into one gearbox, so the number of power transmission stages is significantly reduced, and the kinetic energy loss is smaller. Therefore, a smaller motor can be used to achieve the same output speed as in the reference document.

[0031] The housing 5 of the present invention includes an upper housing 54 and a lower housing 53. The clutch operating mechanism is a cylinder 52. The cylinder body of the cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the upper housing 54. The upper end of the sliding gear set 51 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 52 via a connecting plate 63. The clutch operating mechanism is preferably a cylinder 52, which is easy to control and has a quick response. Generally, there are two cylinders 52, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rotary joint 32. The upper housing 54 and the lower housing 53 are split, which facilitates installation and maintenance. When the sliding gear set 51 moves upward under the action of the cylinder 52, it engages with the gear on the intermediate shaft 2. When it moves downward, it disengages.

[0032] The power output shaft 3 of the present invention is further provided with a water flow channel 31, and a rotary joint 32 is further provided on the top of the power output shaft 3 to communicate with the water flow channel 31. The rotary joint 32 is mainly used to connect to a water pump to achieve central water discharge, which can better remove heat and processing debris during the processing. The mechanical processing machine tool with central water discharge on the main spindle is a mature existing technology.

[0033] The upper box body 54 includes an upper box main body portion 541, a lower end cover portion 543, and a tubular connection portion 542. The upper box main body portion 541 is used to accommodate the power input shaft 1 and the reduction gear set 4. The lower end cover portion 543 is fixedly connected to the lower box body 53. The tubular connection portion is disposed between the upper box main body portion 541 and the lower end cover portion 543. The intermediate shaft penetrates through the tubular connection portion. On one side of the tubular connection portion 542, two reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals. The two reinforcing ribs are integrally provided with the upper box main body portion 541 and the lower end cover portion 543 respectively. The clutch operating mechanism is located outside the reinforcing ribs. A space for accommodating a rotary joint is provided between the two reinforcing ribs. The upper box main body portion 541, the lower end cover portion 543, and the tubular connection portion are integrally formed. Among them, the upper box main body portion 541 is used to place the reduction gears. The lower end cover portion 543 is directly fixed to the lower box body 53, and its function is equivalent to the upper end cover of the lower box body 53, which is used for sealing and placing auxiliary parts such as bearings. A C-shaped avoidance space is provided between the tubular connection portion 542 in the middle and the reinforcing ribs for placing two cylinders 53. The space in the middle of the two reinforcing ribs is used for placing the rotary joint. In this way, the stability is strong, the volume is smaller, and the force is more balanced.

[0034] The clutch operating mechanism is a cylinder 52. The cylinder block of the cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the upper box body 54. The sliding gear set 51 is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder through a connecting device 6. The connecting device 6 includes an inner bearing gland 61, an outer bearing gland 62, a bearing, and a connecting disk 63. The bearing is installed on the outer periphery of a journal of the sliding gear set 51. The inner bearing gland 61 is fixed to the end of the journal. The outer bearing gland 62 is fixed to the connecting disk 63, and the connecting disk 63 is fixed to the piston rod. The cylinder 52 is used to control the meshing or disengagement of the sliding gear set 51. The cylinder 52 is fixed to the upper box body 54 and placed in the corresponding cavity, and is connected to the sliding gear set 51 through the connecting device 6 in the middle to ensure that there is no movement interference during rotational movement.

[0035] The power input shaft 1 of the present utility model is located above the power output shaft 3, and the axis of the power input shaft 1 is collinear with the axis of the power output shaft 3. The power of the servo motor, after being offset, is finally transmitted to the power output shaft 3. The two are collinear in the vertical direction, which can ensure that there will be no large-amplitude yaw during high-speed machining, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy.

[0036] Certainly, the present utility model may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present utility model. However, these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A gearbox for a numerically controlled machine tool with a biased output shaft, comprising: a housing, within which a power input shaft, an intermediate shaft, and a power output shaft are rotatably installed; characterized in that the power input shaft is drivingly connected to the intermediate shaft through a reduction gear set, the intermediate shaft is drivingly connected to the power output shaft, and both the power input shaft and the power output shaft are located on the same side of the intermediate shaft; the housing is provided with a clutch operating mechanism, a fixed gear set is arranged on the intermediate shaft, a sliding gear set is arranged on the power output shaft, and the clutch operating mechanism is used to control the corresponding gears in the sliding gear set to engage or disengage with the corresponding gears in the fixed gear set.

2. The gearbox of the numerically controlled machine tool with a biased output shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing fixedly connected together. The power input shaft is installed in the upper housing, the power output shaft is installed in the lower housing, and the intermediate shaft penetrates through the upper housing and the lower housing.

3. The gearbox for the offset output shaft of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper housing includes an upper housing body part, a lower end cover part, and a tubular connecting part. The upper housing body part is used to accommodate the power input shaft and the reduction gear set. The lower end cover part is fixedly connected to the lower housing. The tubular connecting part is arranged between the upper housing body part and the lower end cover part. The intermediate shaft penetrates through the tubular connecting part. Two reinforcing ribs are spaced apart on one side of the tubular connecting part. The two reinforcing ribs are integrally provided with the upper housing body part and the lower end cover part respectively. The clutch operating mechanism is located outside the reinforcing ribs. A space for accommodating a rotary joint is provided between the two reinforcing ribs.

4. The gearbox of the offset output shaft of the numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clutch operating mechanism is a cylinder, the cylinder block of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper housing body part, and the sliding gear set is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder through a connecting device.

5. The gearbox of the numerically controlled machine tool with an offset output shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting device includes an inner bearing gland, an outer bearing gland, a bearing, and a connecting disk. The bearing is installed on the outer periphery of a journal of the sliding gear set. The inner bearing gland is fixed to the end of the journal. The outer bearing gland is fixed to the connecting disk, and the connecting disk is fixed to the piston rod.

6. The gearbox for the offset output shaft of the numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, A water flow channel is provided in the power output shaft, and the water inlet end of the water flow channel communicates with the rotary joint.

7. The gearbox for the offset output shaft of the numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are two cylinders, which are respectively located outside the two reinforcing ribs.

8. The gearbox for the offset output shaft of the numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein The power input shaft is located above the power output shaft, and the axis of the power input shaft is collinear with the axis of the power output shaft.

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