Device and instrument for skull base duct operation

Abstract

The device comprises a handle, a gun barrel and a working head, the handle is arranged at the rear end of the gun barrel, the working head is arranged at the front end of the gun barrel, the working head is of a flat oval structure, one end, corresponding to a long shaft, of the working head is connected with the gun barrel to form the rear end of the working head, and the other end of the working head is connected with the gun barrel. The other end of the long shaft forms the front end of the working head, and the axial center lines of the gun barrel, the handle and the working head are located on the same plane. The gun is characterized in that the included angle between the rear end of the working head and the gun barrel is 70-100 degrees, and the working head warps upwards towards the handle in an arc shape from the rear end of the working head to the front end of the working head. The tumor excision device can be universally suitable for excision of tumors in skull base pore canals and can efficiently excide the tumors in the skull base pore canals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to devices and instruments for operating on cranial base foramina. Background Technique

[0002] Brain tumors refer to new organisms growing in the cranial cavity, also known as intracranial tumors. Some intracranial tumors, especially some cranial base tumors, can grow into the cranial base foramina. For example, acoustic neuromas originating from the vestibular nerve sheath grow from the internal auditory meatus into the cranial cavity and the internal auditory canal. Even after some cranial base tumors are surgically removed, there is a possibility of recurrence. Clinical studies have shown that tumor residue in the cranial base foramina is one of the main reasons for recurrence after resection of cranial base tumors.

[0003] In some cases, endoscopic-assisted resection of tumors in the cranial base foramina can be used for cranial base tumor resection. During the operation, the wall of the cranial base foramina often needs to be partially ground open first to expose part of the tumor in the foramina. If the foramina are not ground open or the grinding range is insufficient, existing surgical instruments cannot perfectly achieve the purpose of removing tumors in the cranial base foramina; if the grinding range is too large, complications such as postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage may occur. Without grinding open the cranial base foramina, blindly scraping the tumor with current surgical instruments may result in tumor residue in the cranial base foramina; moreover, it may damage functional structures such as nerves and blood vessels in the surgical area, causing iatrogenic injuries and seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Elderly patients, as well as patients with severe underlying diseases and poor general conditions before surgery, etc., should not spend a long time opening the cranial base foramina for surgery during the operation. Therefore, how to safely and efficiently remove tumors in the cranial base foramina is crucial.

[0004] The Chinese patent CN202120755910.6 applied by the applicant on April 13, 2021 discloses devices and instruments for dealing with the internal auditory canal part of acoustic neuromas. This series of devices of this patent cannot be adapted to the resection of tumors in other cranial base foramina, and during the fine-tuning process of patent transformation, it is found in the laboratory that the scraping still needs to be improved, and there is still room for further improvement in the use efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies of existing instruments, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a device and an instrument for operating on cranial base foramina. The utility model can be generally applicable to the resection of tumors in cranial base foramina and is efficient and safe.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows:

[0007] Device 1 for skull base canal operation, comprising a handle, a shaft and a working head. The handle is arranged at the rear end of the shaft, and the working head is arranged at the front end of the shaft. The working head is a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head is connected to the shaft to form the rear end of the working head, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head. And the axial centerlines of the shaft, the handle and the working head are located in the same plane. The angle between the rear end of the working head and the shaft is 70 - 100°, and the working head is curved upwards towards the handle from the rear end to the front end of the working head.

[0008] Further, the bending radian of the front end of the working head is greater than that of the rear end of the working head, and the front end and the rear end of the working head are smoothly transitioned to form a sunflower seed shape.

[0009] Further, the working head is a sheet structure, and blades are provided at the front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head. The blade edges are arranged outwards, and the rear side of the working head corresponding to the blade is an inward concave arc surface. The upward curvature of the working head from the rear end to the front end of the working head is 1 - 5°.

[0010] Further, the length from the front end to the rear end of the working head is 3 - 5 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 - 4 mm.

[0011] Device 2 for skull base canal operation, comprising a handle, a shaft and a working head. The handle is arranged at the rear end of the shaft, and the working head is arranged at the front end of the shaft. The working head is a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head is connected to the shaft to form the rear end of the working head, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head. And the axial centerlines of the shaft, the handle and the working head are located in the same plane. The angle between the rear end of the working head and the shaft is 70 - 100°, and the working head is curved upwards towards the handle from the rear end to the front end of the working head.

[0012] Further, the bending radian of the front end of the working head is greater than that of the rear end of the working head, and the front end and the rear end of the working head are smoothly transitioned to form a sunflower seed shape.

[0013] Further, the front and rear sides of the working head are penetrated to form an annular structure, and blades are provided at the front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head. The blade edges are arranged outwards, and the rear side of the working head corresponding to the blade is an inward concave arc surface. The upward curvature of the working head from the rear end to the front end of the working head is 3 - 8°.

[0014] Further, the length from the front end to the rear end of the working head is 5 - 10 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 - 4 mm.

[0015] Device III for skull base canal operation, comprising a handle, a shaft and a working head. The handle is arranged at the rear end of the shaft, and the working head is arranged at the front end of the shaft. The working head is in a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head is connected to the shaft to form the rear end of the working head, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head. Moreover, the axial centerlines of the shaft, the handle and the working head are in the same plane. The angle between the rear end of the working head and the shaft is 70-100°, and the working head curves upwards in an arc towards the handle from the rear end to the front end of the working head.

[0016] Furthermore, the bending radian of the front end of the working head is greater than that of the rear end of the working head, and the front end and the rear end of the working head are smoothly transitioned to form a sunflower seed shape.

[0017] Furthermore, the front and rear sides of the working head are penetrated to form an annular structure. A blade is provided on the front half of the working head facing the front end. The blade edge is perpendicular to the arc surface where the working head is located and on the same side as the handle. The blade edge is symmetrically arranged along the central axis from the front end to the rear end of the working head, and the height of the blade edge gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end of the working head and is in an arc shape. The height corresponding to the highest point of the blade edge is 3-2 mm, and the height corresponding to the lowest point of the blade edge is 2-1 mm. The upward curvature of the working head from the rear end to the front end is 3-8°.

[0018] Furthermore, the length from the front end to the rear end of the working head is 5-10 mm, and the width of the working head is 2-4 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the shaft of the above three devices is composed of a first connecting rod at the front end, a second connecting rod at the rear end, and a third connecting rod for connecting the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and is in a Z shape. The first connecting rod and the third connecting rod are smoothly transitioned and the formed angle is an obtuse angle. The second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are smoothly transitioned and the formed angle is an obtuse angle. The working head forms an obtuse angle with the first connecting rod. The handle is connected to the second connecting rod and is on the same straight line as the second connecting rod. And the rod diameter of the first connecting rod gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end.

[0020] The instrument for skull base canal operation comprises Device I for skull base canal operation described above, Device II for skull base canal operation described above, and Device III for skull base canal operation described above.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The working head of the device provided by the present utility model is in the shape of a sunflower seed with an approximately elliptical tip that is blunt-rounded, reducing the need to grind the cranial base canal, or enabling the tumor within the cranial base canal to be nearly completely or more excised while preserving the relevant nerve functions without the need to grind the wall of the cranial base canal. At the same time, the working head of the present utility model is arcuately upturned from the rear end to the front end of the working head, causing the front end of the working head to be slightly upturned. When separating, loosening, scraping, and removing the tumor, the front end of the working head can exert a force on the tumor edge and its outer edge, thereby facilitating the separation, loosening, scraping, and removal of the tumor edge and its outer edge.

[0023] 2. The height of the cutting edge of the third device of the present utility model gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end of the working head, and thus a scraping part with a curved surface that is high in the middle and low on both sides is formed at the front end of the working head. When scraping the tumor, this scraping part can easily fit the arcuate inner wall of the cranial base canal for scraping, making the operation more convenient and conducive to improving the scraping efficiency of the tumor within the cranial base canal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 - Schematic structural diagram of the first device.

[0025] Figure 2 - Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A.

[0026] Figure 3 - Front view of the working head of the first device.

[0027] Figure 4 - Perspective view of the working head of the first device.

[0028] Figure 5 - Schematic structural diagram of the second device.

[0029] Figure 6 - Figure 5 Enlarged view of part B.

[0030] Figure 7 - Front view of the working head of the second device.

[0031] Figure 8 - Perspective view of the working head of the second device.

[0032] Figure 9 - Schematic structural diagram of the third device.

[0033] Figure 10 - Figure 9 Enlarged view of part C.

[0034] Figure 11 - Front view of the working head of the third device.

[0035] Figure 12 - Perspective view of the working head of the third device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] I. The first device for operating on the cranial base foramina

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The device for operating on the cranial base foramina includes a handle 1, a shaft 2 and a working head 3. The handle 1 is arranged at the rear end of the shaft 2, and the working head 3 is arranged at the front end of the shaft 2. The working head 3 is a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head 3 is connected to the shaft 2 to form the rear end of the working head 3, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head 3. Moreover, the axial centerlines of the shaft 2, the handle 1 and the working head 3 are located in the same plane. The included angle α between the rear end of the working head 3 and the shaft 2 is 70 - 100°, preferably 80 - 90°, and the working head 3 is slightly curved upward in an arc shape from the rear end to the front end of the working head 3 towards the handle.

[0039] During specific implementation, the bending radian at the front end of the working head 3 is greater than that at the rear end of the working head 3, and the front end and the rear end of the working head 3 are smoothly transitioned, thus forming a sunflower seed shape.

[0040] During specific implementation, the working head 3 is a sheet-like structure, and cutting edges 3a' are provided at the front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head. The cutting edges are arranged outward, and the rear side of the working head corresponding to the cutting edge (the side of the working head facing the handle is the rear side of the working head, and the side of the working head facing away from the handle is the front side of the working head) is an inwardly concave arc surface. The upward bending radian θ1 of the working head 3 from the rear end to the front end of the working head 3 is 1 - 5°. The length from the front end to the rear end of the working head 3 is 3 - 5 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 - 4 mm.

[0041] The working head of this device is a solid sheet-like structure. As a nerve dissector, it can perform sharp dissection along the tumor-nerve interface on both sides of the tumor in the foramen. At the same time, the tumor is round. Here, the working head is curved upward in an arc shape from the rear end to the front end of the working head, so that the front end of the working head is slightly curved upward towards the handle, and the rear side of the working head corresponding to the cutting edge is an inwardly concave arc surface. When separating and loosening the tumor, the front end of the working head can apply a force to the edge and the outer edge of the tumor, which is conducive to the separation and loosening of the edge and the outer edge of the tumor. The length of the working head is 3 - 5 mm, and the width is 2 - 4 mm. It can be used for the separation and loosening of tumors in narrow and shallow cranial base foramina, and at the same time, it can be used for the first step of the separation and loosening of tumors in deep cranial base foramina. The transition between the cutting edge part and the non-cutting edge part of the working head is in a smooth transition manner, and the transition between the outer periphery of the working head and the two side surfaces of the working head is also in a smooth transition manner, thus avoiding the edges of the working head from causing damage to the structures in the surgical area.

[0042] The front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head of the device are provided with blades, while the rear end of the working head is not provided with a blade and is of a blunt structure, which can avoid causing secondary injuries during the process of withdrawing the device after use.

[0043] II. The second device for operating on the cranial base channels

[0044] See Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 For a device for operating on the cranial base channels, it includes a handle 1, a shaft 2 and a working head 3. The handle 1 is arranged at the rear end of the shaft 2, and the working head 3 is arranged at the front end of the shaft 2. The working head 3 is of a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head 3 is connected to the shaft 2 to form the rear end of the working head 3, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head 3. Moreover, the axial centerlines of the shaft 2, the handle 1 and the working head 3 are located in the same plane; the included angle β between the rear end of the working head 3 and the shaft 2 is 70 - 100°, preferably 80 - 90°, and the working head 3 is slightly arcuately upturned towards the handle from the rear end to the front end of the working head 3.

[0045] During specific implementation, the bending radian of the front end of the working head 3 is greater than that of the rear end of the working head 3, and the front end and the rear end of the working head 3 are smoothly transitioned to form a sunflower seed shape.

[0046] During specific implementation, the front and rear sides of the working head 3 are penetrated to form an annular structure, and the front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head 3 are provided with blades 3b', the blade edges are arranged outwards, and the rear side of the working head corresponding to the blade (the side of the working head facing the handle is the rear side of the working head, and the side of the working head facing away from the handle is the front side of the working head) is an inwardly concave arc surface; the upturned radian θ2 of the working head 3 from the rear end to the front end of the working head 3 is 3 - 8°. The length from the front end to the rear end of the working head 3 is 5 - 10 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 - 4 mm.

[0047] The device has an annular structure and serves as a scraping ring. It can be inserted into the cranial base canal to sharply separate the adhesion between the tumor and the nerve. Meanwhile, the tumor is oval-shaped, and the working head curves upward in an arc from the rear end to the front end of the working head, causing the front end of the working head to tilt slightly upward towards the handle. Moreover, the rear side of the working head corresponding to the blade is concave and curved. When separating and scraping the tumor, the front end of the working head can exert a force on the tumor edge and its outer edge, thus facilitating the separation and scraping of the tumor edge and its outer edge. The length of the working head is 5 - 10 mm, and the width is 2 - 4 mm. It can be used for separating and scraping tumors in narrow and deep cranial base canals and also for the second-step operation of separating and scraping deep cranial base canals. The transition between the edged part and the unedged part of the working head is achieved by a smooth transition method, and the transition between the outer periphery of the working head and its two side faces also adopts a smooth transition method, thereby avoiding damage to the surgical area structure caused by the edges of the working head.

[0048] The front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head of the device are provided with blades, while the rear end of the working head is not provided with a blade and is a blunt structure. During the process of withdrawing the device after use, it can avoid causing secondary injuries.

[0049] III. The third device for operating on the cranial base canal

[0050] See Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 For the device used for operating on the cranial base canal, it includes a handle 1, a shaft 2, and a working head 3. The handle 1 is arranged at the rear end of the shaft 2, and the working head 3 is arranged at the front end of the shaft 2. The working head 3 has a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head 3 is connected to the shaft 2 to form the rear end of the working head 3, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head 3. Moreover, the axial centerlines of the shaft 2, the handle 1, and the working head 3 are located in the same plane; the included angle γ between the rear end of the working head 3 and the shaft 2 is 70 - 100°, preferably 80 - 90°, and the working head 3 curves slightly upward in an arc from the rear end to the front end of the working head 3 towards the handle.

[0051] During specific implementation, the bending radian of the front end of the working head 3 is greater than that of the rear end of the working head 3, and the front end and the rear end of the working head 3 are smoothly transitioned, thus forming a sunflower seed shape.

[0052] During specific implementation, the front and rear sides of the working head 3 are penetrated to form an annular structure. A cutting edge 3c' is provided on the front half of the working head 3 facing the front end. The cutting edge is perpendicular to the arc surface where the working head is located and on the same side as the handle 1. The cutting edge is symmetrically arranged along the central axis from the front end to the rear end of the working head. The height of the cutting edge gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end of the working head and is arc-shaped. The height corresponding to the highest point of the cutting edge is 3 - 2 mm, and the height corresponding to the lowest point of the cutting edge is 2 - 1 mm. The upward curvature θ3 of the working head from the rear end to the front end of the working head is 3 - 8°. The length from the front end to the rear end of the working head 3 is 5 - 10 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 - 4 mm.

[0053] The working head of this device is an annular structure. As a scraping ring, it can pull out the tumor in the cranial base duct and, according to the actual surgical needs, can also sharply scrape off the tumor-bearing nerve at the same time. Compared with blunt separation, it can avoid excessive traction damage to the nerve structure around the tumor. Here, the working head is arc-shaped and upturned from the rear end to the front end of the working head, making the front end of the working head slightly upturned. When scraping the tumor, the front end of the working head can exert a force on the edge and the outer edge of the tumor, which is conducive to scraping the edge and the outer edge of the tumor. At the same time, the height of the cutting edge gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end of the working head, so that the cutting edge forms a scraping part with a curved surface that is high in the middle and low on both sides at the front end of the working head. When scraping the tumor, this scraping part can easily fit the arched inner wall of the cranial base duct for scraping, making the operation more convenient. By setting the length of the working head to 5 - 10 mm and the width to 2 - 4, as the third step of separating and scraping the cranial base duct, it can effectively extend into the cranial base duct to scrape the tumor inside. After opening the edge, to avoid the edges of the working head part from damaging the structure in the surgical area, the transition area between the edged part and the unedged part of the working head adopts a smooth transition method, and the outer edge around the working head and the two side surfaces of the working head also adopt a smooth transition method, so as to avoid the edges of the working head from damaging the structure in the surgical area.

[0054] For the first device, the second device, and the third device, their gun rods 2 are composed of a first connecting rod 21 at the front end, a second connecting rod 22 at the rear end, and a third connecting rod 23 for connecting the first connecting rod 21 and the second connecting rod 22, and are in a Z shape. The transition between the first connecting rod 21 and the third connecting rod 23 is smooth and the included angle formed is an obtuse angle. The transition between the second connecting rod 22 and the third connecting rod 23 is smooth and the included angle formed is an obtuse angle. The working head 3 forms an obtuse angle with the first connecting rod 21, and the handle 1 is connected to the second connecting rod 22 and is on the same straight line as the second connecting rod 22. During specific implementation, the rod diameter of the first connecting rod gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end.

[0055] After the gun rod is set like this, it can avoid the operating hand of the surgeon from blocking the field of view under the microscope.

[0056] IV. Instruments for Operating on Foramen in Skull Base

[0057] The instrument for operating on foramen in skull base is a three-piece set, including the first, second, and third devices for operating on foramen in skull base mentioned above.

[0058] When using this three-piece set to treat tumors in the foramen of the skull base, the tumor resection is divided into several steps and carried out sequentially: First, use the first device to perform sharp dissection along the tumor-nerve interface on both sides of the tumor in the foramen of the skull base to initially separate and loosen the tumor near the foramen opening; then insert the second device into the foramen of the skull base to further perform sharp dissection of the adhesion between the tumor in the foramen of the skull base and adjacent nerves, blood vessels, and tissues, and further separate and scrape the tumor in the foramen of the skull base; finally, use the third device to scrape out the tumor in the foramen of the skull base and, if necessary according to the actual needs of the operation, sharply scrape off the tumor-bearing nerve at the same time to achieve the scraping of the tumor. By repeating the above steps, the residual tumor in the foramen of the skull base can be removed, and the purpose of preserving the functions of adjacent nerves and other functional structures while achieving near-total or above resection of the tumor can be achieved.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for explaining the present invention and are not limitations on the implementation modes of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes and modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation modes here. Any obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for operating on the cranial base foramina, comprising a handle, a shaft, and a working head. The handle is disposed at the rear end of the shaft, and the working head is disposed at the front end of the shaft. The working head is a flat oval structure. One end corresponding to the major axis of the working head is connected to the shaft to form the rear end of the working head, and the other end of the major axis forms the front end of the working head. Moreover, the axial centerlines of the shaft, the handle, and the working head are located in the same plane; it is characterized in that, The included angle between the rear end of the working head and the gun barrel is 70 to 100°, and the working head is curved upward in an arc shape towards the handle from the rear end to the front end of the working head.

2. The device for skull base canal operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bending radian of the front end of the working head is greater than that of the rear end of the working head, and the front end and the rear end of the working head are smoothly transitioned to form a sunflower seed shape.

3. The device for operating on the cranial base passage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The working head is a sheet-like structure, and blades are provided at the front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head. The blade edges are arranged outward, and the rear side surface of the working head corresponding to the blade is an inward concave arc surface; the upward curvature of the working head from the rear end to the front end of the working head is 1 to 5°.

4. The device for cranial base duct operation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length from the front end to the rear end of the working head is 3 to 5 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 to 4 mm.

5. The device for operating on the cranial base channels according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The front and rear side surfaces of the working head are penetrated to form an annular structure, and blades are provided at the front end and the outer edges on both sides of the working head. The blade edges are arranged outward, and the rear side surface of the working head corresponding to the blade is an inward concave arc surface; the upward curvature of the working head from the rear end to the front end of the working head is 3 to 8°.

6. The device for skull base canal operation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length from the front end to the rear end of the working head is 5 to 10 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 to 4 mm.

7. The device for operating on the cranial base passage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The front and rear side surfaces of the working head are penetrated to form an annular structure. Blades are provided on the first half of the working head facing the front end. The blade edges are perpendicular to the arc surface where the working head is located and on the same side as the handle. The blade edges are symmetrically arranged along the central axis from the front end to the rear end of the working head, and the height of the blade edges gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end of the working head and is in an arc shape. The height corresponding to the highest point of the blade edge is 3 to 2 mm, and the height corresponding to the lowest point of the blade edge is 2 to 1 mm; the upward curvature of the working head from the rear end to the front end of the working head is 3 to 8°.

8. The device for operating on the cranial base channels according to claim 7, wherein, The length from the front end to the rear end of the working head is 5 to 10 mm, and the width of the working head is 2 to 4 mm.

9. The device for operating on cranial base channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gun barrel is composed of a first connecting rod at the front end, a second connecting rod at the rear end, and a third connecting rod for connecting the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and is in a Z shape. The first connecting rod and the third connecting rod are smoothly transitioned and form an obtuse angle, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are smoothly transitioned and form an obtuse angle, the working head forms an obtuse angle with the first connecting rod, the handle is connected to the second connecting rod and is on the same straight line as the second connecting rod; and the rod diameter of the first connecting rod gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end.

10. An instrument for operating on the cranial base foramina, characterized in that, A kit composed of device one, device two, and device three, wherein device one is the device for cranial base pore operation described in claim 4, device two is the device for cranial base pore operation described in claim 6, and device three is the device for cranial base pore operation described in claim 8.

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