Three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device, which relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment and comprises a casing and a laser component, and the casing comprises a first light path, a second light path and a third light path which are sequentially arranged at included angles. The laser assembly comprises a collimating mirror, a first reflective mirror, a second reflective mirror and a focusing mirror, the collimating mirror is located in the first light channel, the first reflective mirror is arranged at the joint of the first light channel and the second light channel and can reflect laser passing through the collimating mirror to pass through the second light channel, and the second reflective mirror is arranged at the joint of the second light channel and the third light channel; the focusing mirror is arranged at an outlet of the third light channel and used for reflecting the laser to pass through the third light channel. The laser emitter emits laser from the laser emission port through the optical fiber, the laser passes through the collimating mirror and then is reflected by the first reflective mirror and the second reflective mirror, and finally, the laser emitted by the focusing mirror deviates from the first light channel, so that the laser cutting range is expanded, and the requirement for a relatively complex cutting process can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device. Background Technique

[0002] Laser cutting is to use a focused laser beam with a high power density to scan the surface of the material, heat the material to thousands or even tens of thousands of degrees Celsius in an extremely short time, instantaneously melt or vaporize the material, and then use high-pressure gas to blow away the melted or vaporized material from the cut seam, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting the material. Due to the advantages of fast cutting speed and good cutting end face quality of laser cutting, it has become one of the main cutting methods for metal sheets.

[0003] The prior art with the publication number of CN217667175U discloses a laser cutting machine, which includes a cutting machine main body, a support mechanism, a pneumatic chuck and a three-axis module; the support mechanism is installed on the cutting machine main body, and the support mechanism is used to support the body of the round tube; the pneumatic chuck is installed on the cutting machine main body, and the pneumatic chuck is used to clamp one end of the round tube; the tightening mechanism is installed on the cutting machine main body, and the tightening mechanism is used to tighten the other end of the round tube; the three-axis module is installed on the cutting machine main body, and the three-axis module is provided with a laser cutting head, and the laser cutting head is used to emit laser to cut the round tube.

[0004] However, the existing laser cutting head still has defects. For example, its laser emission path is a straight line, and the laser cutting head cannot adjust the cutting direction of the laser when rotating around the laser emission path, the cutting range of the laser is small, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of complex cutting processes. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, and propose a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device to solve the technical problems that the laser emission path of the laser cutting head in the prior art is a straight line, the laser cutting head cannot adjust the cutting direction of the laser when rotating around the laser emission path, the cutting range of the laser is small, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of complex cutting processes.

[0006] To achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device, including:

[0008] A housing, including a first light path, a second light path and a third light path arranged at an angle in sequence; and

[0009] The laser assembly includes a collimating mirror, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, and a focusing mirror. The collimating mirror is located in the first optical path. The first reflecting mirror is disposed at the connection of the first optical path and the second optical path and is capable of reflecting the laser passing through the collimating mirror through the second optical path. The second reflecting mirror is disposed at the connection of the second optical path and the third optical path and is used to reflect the laser through the third optical path. The focusing mirror is disposed at the outlet of the third optical path.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second optical path is perpendicular to both the first optical path and the third optical path, and the first optical path and the third optical path are located on different sides of the second optical path.

[0011] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device further includes a first adjusting mechanism. The focusing mirror is disposed on the machine housing and is used to converge and emit the laser beam in the third optical path. The first adjusting mechanism is connected to the machine housing and can drive the focusing mirror to rotate around the central axis of the first optical path.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first adjusting mechanism includes a first motor and a first passive gear. The machine housing includes a first housing and a second housing that are rotatably connected. The first housing has the first optical path, and the second housing has the second optical path and the third optical path. The central axis of the first passive gear coincides with the central axis of the first optical path. The first passive gear is connected to the second housing. The first motor has a first driving gear and meshes with the first passive gear through the first driving gear.

[0013] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device further includes a second adjusting mechanism. The second adjusting mechanism is disposed on the second housing and is used to drive the focusing mirror to rotate around the central axis of the second optical path.

[0014] In some embodiments, the machine housing further includes a third housing. The third housing is rotatably connected to the second housing. The second adjusting mechanism includes a second motor and a second passive gear. The second passive gear is connected to the third housing. The second motor is disposed on the second housing. The second motor has a second driving gear and meshes with the second passive gear through the second driving gear.

[0015] In some embodiments, the laser assembly further includes a cutting head. The focusing mirror is disposed inside the cutting head. The cutting head is conical, and the end with a larger area of the cutting head is connected to the outlet of the third optical path.

[0016] In some embodiments, the housing is provided with a laser emission port, and the laser assembly further includes a focal length adjustment assembly, which is connected to the collimating mirror and is used to drive the collimating mirror to reciprocate between the laser emission port and the first reflecting mirror.

[0017] In some embodiments, the focal length adjustment assembly further includes a lens barrel, a slide rail, and a slider. The slide rail is arranged on the housing, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, the lens barrel is connected to the slider, and the collimating mirror is arranged inside the lens barrel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the focal length adjustment assembly further includes a servo motor and a lead screw. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider, and the servo motor is connected to the lead screw and is used to drive the lead screw to rotate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the collimating mirror, the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, and the focusing mirror provided by the laser assembly of the present utility model are sequentially arranged along the optical path of the laser, and a first optical path, a second optical path, and a third optical path are sequentially arranged at an angle inside the housing. Therefore, the laser entering the first optical path of the housing is reflected by the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, and finally the laser emitted through the focusing mirror deviates from the first optical path. When the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device drives the focusing mirror to rotate around the central axis of the first optical path, the emission direction of the laser can be adjusted, expanding the cutting range of the laser and meeting relatively complex cutting processes. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a focal length adjustment assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model from one perspective;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a focal length adjustment assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a focal length adjustment assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is a laser optical path diagram of a laser cutting head device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0027] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the laser emission path of the laser cutting head is a straight line, and the laser cutting head cannot adjust the cutting direction of the laser when rotating around the laser emission path, resulting in a small cutting range of the laser and difficulty in meeting the requirements of complex cutting processes, the present utility model provides a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device, which can achieve the deviation of the laser emission outlet from the rotation center, so as to expand the cutting range of the laser when rotating and complete relatively complex laser cutting processes.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device in an embodiment of the present utility model. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device 100 includes a housing 1 and a laser assembly 2. The housing 1 includes a first optical path 11, a second optical path 12 and a third optical path 13 that are sequentially arranged at an angle. The laser assembly 2 includes a collimating mirror 21, a first reflecting mirror 22, a second reflecting mirror 23 and a focusing mirror 24. The collimating mirror 21 is located in the first optical path 11. The first reflecting mirror 22 is arranged at the connection of the first optical path 11 and the second optical path 12 and can reflect the laser passing through the collimating mirror 21 through the second optical path 12. The second reflecting mirror 23 is arranged at the connection of the second optical path 12 and the third optical path 13 and is used to reflect the laser through the third optical path 13. The focusing mirror 24 is arranged at the outlet of the third optical path 13 and is used to converge the laser beam in the third optical path 13 into a laser that can be used to cut workpieces. In this embodiment, the laser assembly 2 further includes a cutting head 25. The cutting head 25 is conical and hollow and penetrates through. The end with a larger area is connected to the housing 1 and communicates with the outlet of the third optical path 13. The laser passes through the focusing mirror 24 and then emits from the end with a smaller area of the cutting head 25 to cut the workpiece.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, please refer to Figure 2, the second optical path 12 is perpendicular to both the first optical path 11 and the third optical path 13, and the first optical path 11 and the third optical path 13 are located on different sides of the second optical path 12. In this embodiment, the first optical path 11, the second optical path 12, and the third optical path 13 approximately form a Z shape so that the laser can deviate from the first optical path 11 after being emitted from the third optical path 13. When the housing 1 rotates about the central axis of the first optical path 11, the position of the laser emitted from the third optical path 13 will also change accordingly. The laser irradiation range is large, which can meet more complex cutting processes. In other embodiments, the included angle between the second optical path 12 and the first optical path 11 and the third optical path 13 can also be other angles, such as 45° or 60°, which can be specifically determined according to the actual cutting process requirements.

[0030] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device 100 further includes a first adjustment mechanism 3. The focusing lens 24 is disposed in the housing 1 and is used to converge and emit the laser beam of the third optical path 13. The first adjustment mechanism 24 is connected to the housing 1 and can drive the focusing lens 24 (cutting head 25) to rotate about the central axis of the first optical path 11 to adjust the cutting position of the cutting head 25.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , the first adjustment mechanism 3 includes a first motor 31 and a first passive gear 32. The housing 1 includes a first housing 14 and a second housing 15 that are rotatably connected. The first optical path 11 is provided in the first housing 14, and the second optical path 12 and the third optical path 13 are provided in the second housing 15. The central axis of the first passive gear 32 coincides with the central axis of the first optical path 11. The first passive gear 32 is connected to the second housing 15, and the first motor 31 has a first driving gear 33 and meshes with the first passive gear 32 through the first driving gear 33. In this embodiment, when the first motor 31 drives the first driving gear 32 to rotate, it can drive the first passive gear 32 to rotate through meshing. The first passive gear 32 is connected to the second housing 15 by screws and can rotate synchronously with the second housing 15. The above-mentioned cutting head 25 is located in the second housing 15, so it can drive the cutting head 25 to rotate about the central axis of the first optical path 11 to perform circular cutting on the workpiece.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device 100 further includes a second adjustment mechanism 4. The second adjustment mechanism 4 is disposed in the second housing 15 and is used to drive the focusing lens 24 to rotate about the central axis of the second optical path 12. In this embodiment, the second adjustment mechanism 4 can drive the cutting head 25 to rotate about the second optical path 12, further expanding the cutting range of the cutting head 25 and enabling more complex cutting processes to be completed.

[0033] In one of the embodiments, please refer toFigure 2 , the housing 1 further includes a third housing 16. The third housing 16 is rotatably connected to the second housing 15. The second adjustment mechanism 4 includes a second motor 41 and a second passive gear 42. The second passive gear 42 is connected to the third housing 16. The second motor 41 is arranged on the second housing 15. The second motor 41 has a second active gear 43 and meshes with the second passive gear 42 through the second active gear 43. In this embodiment, when the second motor 41 works, it can drive the second active gear 43 to rotate. The second active gear 43 drives the second passive gear 42 to rotate through meshing. Since the second passive gear 42 is connected to the third housing 16 by screws, it can drive the third housing 16 to rotate relative to the second housing 15, thereby driving the cutting head 25 on the third housing 16 to rotate around the second optical path 12.

[0034] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , the housing 1 is provided with a laser emission port 17. Specifically, the first housing 14 is provided with a QBH fiber optic connector 18. The QBH fiber optic connector 18 is used to connect the laser 19. When the laser 19 works, it can drive the QBH fiber optic connector 18 to emit laser. The first housing 14 is provided with a laser emission port 17. The laser emission port 17 is used for the laser of the QBH fiber optic connector 18 to emit. The laser is emitted towards the collimating mirror 21. The laser passes through the collimating mirror 21 and is changed from divergent light to parallel light beam, and then reaches the focusing mirror 24 of the third optical path 13 through the reflections of the first reflecting mirror 22 and the second reflecting mirror 23 in sequence. Then the focusing mirror 24 converges the laser beam into a laser that can be used to cut the workpiece.

[0035] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the laser assembly 2 further includes a focal length adjustment assembly 26. The focal length adjustment assembly 26 is connected to the collimating mirror 21 and is used to drive the collimating mirror 21 to reciprocate between the laser emission port 17 and the first reflecting mirror 22, so as to adjust the size of the laser spot emitted from the cutting head 25 and meet the cutting of workpieces with different thicknesses. When the collimating mirror 21 moves closer to the laser emission port 17, the laser spot emitted from the cutting head 25 is larger, and vice versa. Therefore, the staff can selectively adjust the position of the collimating mirror 21 according to the actual cutting situation of the workpiece.

[0036] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5, the focal length adjustment assembly 26 further includes a lens barrel 261, a slide rail 262 and a slider 263. The slide rail 262 is provided on the housing 1, specifically on the first housing 14. The slider 263 is slidably connected to the slide rail 262, the lens barrel 261 is connected to the slider 263, and the collimating mirror 21 is provided inside the lens barrel 261. In this embodiment, by providing the lens barrel 261, it is beneficial to converge light, and the laser beam can pass through the collimating mirror 21 more concentratedly inside the lens barrel 261. In addition, the lens barrel 261 has the function of carrying the collimating mirror 21, and the collimating mirror 21 can be driven to move by controlling the movement of the lens barrel 261.

[0037] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the focal length adjustment assembly 26 further includes a servo motor 264 and a lead screw 265. The lead screw 265 is threadedly connected to the slider 263, and the servo motor 264 is connected to the lead screw 265 and is used to drive the lead screw 265 to rotate. When the servo motor 264 drives the lead screw 265 to rotate, it can drive the slider 263 to reciprocate along the slide rail 262 through the lead screw 265, thereby adjusting the positions of the lens barrel 261 and the collimating mirror 21. In other embodiments, the position of the collimating mirror 21 can also be adjusted directly by connecting the telescopic rod of the cylinder to the slider 263.

[0038] The slider 263 can reciprocate on the slide rail 262 to drive the collimating mirror 21 to approach or move away from the QBH fiber optic connector 18, so as to change the diameter of the laser beam after passing through the collimating mirror 21. A short-distance up-and-down movement of the collimating mirror 21 can greatly change the focal length of the laser beam after passing through the focusing mirror 24 finally.

[0039] To better understand the present invention, the following combines Figures 1 to 5 to detail the technical solution of the present invention:

[0040] The collimating mirror 21, the first reflecting mirror 22, the second reflecting mirror 23 and the focusing mirror 24 provided by the laser assembly 2 of the present invention are arranged in sequence along the optical path of the laser, and the first optical path 11, the second optical path 12 and the third optical path 13 which are arranged at an angle in sequence are provided in the housing 1. Therefore, after the laser enters the first optical path 11 of the housing 1, the laser is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 22 and the second reflecting mirror 23 in sequence, and finally the laser emitted through the focusing mirror 24 can deviate from the first optical path 11. When the first adjustment mechanism 3 drives the focusing mirror 24 to rotate with the central axis of the first optical path 11 as the rotation axis, the emission direction of the laser can be adjusted. In addition, the cutting head 25 can also be controlled by the second adjustment mechanism 4 to rotate with the central axis of the second optical path 12 as the rotation axis, further expanding the cutting range of the laser and being able to meet more complex cutting processes.

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present utility model described above do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present utility model. Any other corresponding changes and deformations made according to the technical concept of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing, including a first optical path, a second optical path, and a third optical path that are sequentially arranged at an angle; And A laser assembly, including a collimator, a first reflector, a second reflector, and a focusing lens. The collimator is located in the first optical path. The first reflector is arranged at the connection between the first optical path and the second optical path and can reflect the laser passing through the collimator through the second optical path. The second reflector is arranged at the connection between the second optical path and the third optical path and is used to reflect the laser through the third optical path. The focusing lens is arranged at the outlet of the third optical path.

2. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second optical path is perpendicular to both the first optical path and the third optical path, and the first optical path and the third optical path are located on different sides of the second optical path.

3. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device further includes a first adjustment mechanism. The focusing lens is arranged on the housing and is used to converge and emit the laser beam of the third optical path. The first adjustment mechanism is connected to the housing and can drive the focusing lens to rotate around the central axis of the first optical path.

4. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism includes a first motor and a first passive gear. The housing includes a first housing and a second housing that are rotatably connected. The first housing has the first optical path, and the second housing has the second optical path and the third optical path. The central axis of the first passive gear coincides with the central axis of the first optical path. The first passive gear is connected to the second housing. The first motor has a first driving gear and meshes with the first passive gear through the first driving gear.

5. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device further includes a second adjustment mechanism. The second adjustment mechanism is arranged on the second housing and is used to drive the focusing lens to rotate around the central axis of the second optical path.

6. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 5, wherein, The housing further includes a third housing. The third housing is rotatably connected to the second housing. The second adjustment mechanism includes a second motor and a second passive gear. The second passive gear is connected to the third housing. The second motor is arranged on the second housing. The second motor has a second driving gear and meshes with the second passive gear through the second driving gear.

7. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The laser assembly further includes a cutting head. The focusing lens is arranged inside the cutting head. The cutting head is conical, and the end with a larger area of the cutting head is connected to the outlet of the third optical path.

8. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a laser emission port. The laser assembly further includes a focal length adjustment component. The focal length adjustment component is connected to the collimator and is used to drive the collimator to reciprocate between the laser emission port and the first reflector.

9. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The focal length adjustment component further includes a lens barrel, a slide rail, and a slider. The slide rail is arranged on the housing. The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail. The lens barrel is connected to the slider. The collimator is arranged inside the lens barrel.

10. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The focal length adjustment component further includes a servo motor and a lead screw. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider. The servo motor is connected to the lead screw and is used to drive the lead screw to rotate.

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