Device capable of repeatedly and automatically adjusting bearing clearance

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device capable of repeatedly and automatically adjusting the clearance of a rotary bearing, which is characterized in that a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) controls an actuating mechanism, radial and axial clearance values of a sliding or rolling rotary bearing are adjusted by a two-step method, firstly, a clearance eliminating device enables the clearance of the rotary bearing to be zero, and then a clearance adjusting device is started to adjust the clearance of the rotary bearing to be smaller, so that the clearance of the rotary bearing is adjusted to be smaller. And when the clearance is changed due to thermal expansion and cold contraction, the clearance can be continuously adjusted and adapted, so that the clearance of the rotary bearing can be kept at a small numerical value, and the rotating precision of the shaft is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present utility model relates to the technical field of rotary bearings, and particularly relates to a device for repeatedly and automatically adjusting the clearance of a rotary bearing. Background Art

[0002] Sliding and rolling rotary bearings are widely used. There are two methods for the clearance between relative moving parts: fixed clearance and elastic compression to eliminate clearance. When setting the fixed clearance, considering manufacturing errors, especially uneven temperature changes, the clearance value will change. In this case, the clearance must be set to a larger value. A larger clearance value allows for a larger vibration space during the operation of the system. For a fixed-clearance rotary bearing, when not considering thermal expansion and contraction, a clearance of about 0.001 mm can ensure normal operation. However, when considering thermal factors, a clearance of more than 0.01 mm is often required for normal use. Therefore, in many cases, an elastic compression device is set to eliminate the clearance, making the system clearance zero. When there is uneven thermal expansion and contraction, the elastic element will automatically expand and contract to adapt to the change. However, this method increases the frictional resistance. Especially when there is sliding friction between the shaft and the rotary bearing without rolling elements, the frictional force rises sharply, making it difficult to operate normally. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a device for repeatedly and automatically adjusting the bearing clearance, which can effectively solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] The present utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: A device for repeatedly and automatically adjusting the clearance of a rotary bearing, which has an automatic clearance elimination device and a fixed-clearance device controlled by a PLC to drive the device. First, the clearance elimination device eliminates the radial or axial clearance of the rotary bearing, and then the fixed-clearance device is activated to adjust the axial clearance to the set value.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution, the clearance elimination device is a rigid elimination wedge and a rigid elimination wedge pressing block, and the driving device is a cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution: The clearance elimination device is a piezoelectric ceramic, and the driving device is a power supply with adjustable voltage.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution: There is a pressure sensor to sense the completion of clearance elimination

[0008] As a preferred technical solution: The fixed-clearance device is a piezoelectric ceramic, and the driving device is a power supply with adjustable voltage.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution: The fixed-clearance device is an elliptical shaft and an elliptical shaft pressing plate with an eccentric shaft hole pressing plate, and a rigid elimination wedge pressing block with a rotary bearing. The driving device for the rotation of the elliptical shaft is a rotary cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution: The clearance setting device is an elliptical shaft and an elliptical shaft pressing plate with an eccentric shaft hole pressing plate, and a rigid elimination wedge pressing block with a rotary bearing. The elliptical rotary driving device is a rotary cylinder.

[0011] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that the PLC controls the actuator, and adjusts the radial and axial clearance values of the sliding or rolling rotary bearing by a two-step method. First, the clearance elimination device makes the clearance of the rotary bearing zero, and then the clearance adjustment device is started to adjust the clearance of the rotary bearing to a smaller value. When the clearance changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, it can be continuously adjusted to adapt, so that the clearance of the rotary bearing can be maintained at a smaller value, improving the rotation accuracy of the shaft. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 Radial elastic clearance elimination in the background technology of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 Axial elastic clearance elimination in the background technology of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 Two-group rotary bearing misalignment elastic clearance elimination of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the mechanism before wedge rigid clearance elimination of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the mechanism after wedge rigid clearance elimination of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram before the clearance elimination between the wedge rigid clearance elimination pressing block and the piezoelectric ceramic of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram after the clearance elimination between the wedge rigid clearance elimination pressing block and the piezoelectric ceramic of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 8 Schematic diagram before the clearance setting between the wedge rigid elimination pressing block and the elliptical rotary bearing pressing plate of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 9 Schematic diagram after the clearance setting between the wedge rigid elimination pressing block and the elliptical rotary bearing pressing plate of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 10Schematic cross-sectional view of the fixed-gap eccentric shaft of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 11 Schematic view before gap setting of the rigid clearance elimination with inclined wedge and inclined wedge fixed-gap structure of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 12 Schematic view after gap setting of the rigid clearance elimination with inclined wedge and inclined wedge fixed-gap structure of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 13 Schematic view before gap setting of the clearance elimination and gap setting both adopting piezoelectric ceramic structure of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 14 Schematic view after gap setting of the clearance elimination and gap setting both adopting piezoelectric ceramic structure of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 15 Schematic view before clearance elimination of the radial fixed-gap device (inclined wedge + piezoelectric ceramic) of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 16 Schematic view after clearance elimination of the radial fixed-gap device (inclined wedge + piezoelectric ceramic) of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 17 Schematic view after gap setting of the radial fixed-gap device (inclined wedge + piezoelectric ceramic) of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 18 Schematic view before clearance elimination of the radial fixed-gap device (piezoelectric ceramic) of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 19 Schematic view after clearance elimination of the radial fixed-gap device (piezoelectric ceramic) of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 20 Schematic view after gap setting of the radial fixed-gap device (piezoelectric ceramic) of the present utility model;

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Anti-backlash spring; 2. Radial rotary bearing semicircle; 3. Housing; 4. Roller; 5. Angular contact rotary bearing outer circle; 6. Angular contact rotary bearing inner circle; 7. Shaft; 8. Housing 1; 9. Washer; 10. Anti-backlash rotary bearing; 11. Main rotary bearing; 12. Housing 2; 13. Rigid elimination wedge; 14. Rigid elimination wedge pressure block; 141. Rigid elimination wedge pressure block (with rotary bearing); 142. Rigid elimination wedge pressure block (with wedge fixed gap block); 1421. Anti-backlash wedge Wedge surface; 1422, fixed-gap inclined wedge surface; 143, inclined wedge and fixed-gap block; 1431, gap inclined wedge surface; 1432, pressing surface; 15, inclined wedge feeding device; 16, piezoelectric ceramic plate; 161, piezoelectric ceramic anti-gap state; 162 piezoelectric ceramic fixed-gap state; 17, pressure plate with eccentric shaft hole; 18, elliptical shaft; 19, pressure sensor; 20, anti-gap and fixed-gap piezoelectric ceramic plate; 201, anti-gap state; 202, fixed-gap state; 21, eccentric shaft; 22, rotation center of eccentric shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0036] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract and drawings), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figures 15 - 17 As shown, the outer ring of the rotary bearing is composed of a housing 3 and a radial rotary bearing semicircle 2. A number of rollers are wrapped around the outer circle of the shaft. The wedge feed device 15 is in the initial state before the gap is adjusted. Figure 15 The clearance value A in the figure is 0.01 mm, which is equivalent to the normal rotary bearing clearance. The wedge feed device 15 can drive the rigidity-eliminating wedge 13 to advance and retreat. The rigidity-eliminating wedge pressure block 14 and the rigidity-eliminating wedge 13 are matched with each other. When the rigidity-eliminating wedge 13 is downward, the rigidity-eliminating wedge pressure block 14 is pushed toward the radial rotary bearing semicircle 2. The piezoelectric ceramic plate 16 is between the radial rotary bearing semicircle 2 and the rigidity-eliminating wedge pressure block 14. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16 is energized, causing the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16 to elongate, and the elongation value is equal to the clearance value of the rotary bearing.

[0039] First, the backlash elimination is started by the wedge feeding device 15 pushing the rigid backlash elimination wedge 13 downward and pushing the rigid backlash elimination wedge pressing block 14 and the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16 toward the radial rotating bearing semicircle 2, so that the radial rotating bearing semicircle 2, the shell 3 and the roller 4 stick to the shaft in the middle of the roller 4. At this time, the state is as follows:Figure 16 As shown, at this time, another mechanism fixes the housing 3 and the rigid elimination wedge 13 relatively. In the second step, the electricity acting on the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16 is eliminated to shorten the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16, and the shortening distance is equal to the set rotational bearing clearance value. As in the state Figure 17 shown, B is the clearance value. An elastic element is used to push the radial rotational bearing semi-circle 2 towards the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16, the rigid elimination wedge pressing block 14, and the rigid elimination wedge 13. At this time, the rotational bearing clearance is the B value, which is generally set at 0.5 - 2 microns. When the B value changes due to uneven thermal expansion and contraction of each component, the wedge feed device 15 can move the rigid elimination wedge 13 upward. After the piezoelectric ceramic plate 16 is energized to elongate by the B value, the above process can be repeated again. When the wedge feed device 15 withdraws and drives the rigid elimination wedge 13 away from the radial rotational bearing semi-circle 2, the maximum clearance A = 0.01 mm. At this time, the shaft can still operate normally, and the adjustment can be implemented when the shaft rotates or stops. The adjustment can be carried out during the working clearance of the shaft or at regular intervals.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] As Figures 18 - 20 shown, different from Embodiment 1, both clearance elimination and clearance setting are completed by the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20. There is a pressure sensor 19 between the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 and the housing 3. Figure 18 is the initial state diagram. The clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 is not energized. There is a gap A between the radial rotational bearing semi-circle 2 and the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20. First, pressure is applied to the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 and continuously increased to make the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 elongate and A gradually become smaller. When A = 0, the gap between the radial rotational bearing semi-circle 2 and the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 is eliminated. At the same time, the radial rotational bearing semi-circle 2, the housing 3, and the roller 3 press against the shaft. When the voltage continues to increase and the pressure sensor 19 detects pressure, the voltage on the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 stops increasing. At this time, the clearance elimination is completed. As Figure 19 shown, in the second step, the voltage acting on the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 is decreased to make the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 contract, and the contraction value is equal to the set clearance, Figure 20 the B value in. It is generally set at 0.5 - 2 microns. An elastic element is used to push the radial rotational bearing semi-circle 2 towards the clearance elimination and setting piezoelectric ceramic plate 20 and the pressure sensor 19. At this time, the rotational bearing clearance is the B value.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] Different from Embodiment 1, the clearance setting mechanism is different. As Figure 11 and Figure 12Combined, the wedge feed device 15, piezoelectric ceramic plate 16, pressure plate with eccentric shaft hole 17, rigid elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142 and wedge clearance block 143 are combined together. The eccentric shaft 21 is installed on the rigid elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142 with the eccentric shaft rotation center 22 as the center. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 21 can push the wedge clearance block 143 and the rigid elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142 to move relatively. There is a wedge between the two. The radii on both sides of the eccentric shaft 21 are D and C respectively. When the eccentric shaft 21 rotates 180°, the distance that the wedge clearance block 143 moves relative to the rigid elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142 is D - C. One side of the rigid elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142 is a clearance elimination wedge surface that cooperates with the rigid elimination wedge 13, and the other side is a clearance setting wedge surface that cooperates with the wedge clearance block 143. One side of the wedge clearance block 143 is a clearance setting wedge surface that cooperates with the rigid clearance elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142, and the other side is a plane used to contact the radial rotating bearing semi-circle 2 with the adjusted clearance.

[0044] First, the wedge feed device 15 pushes the rigid elimination wedge 13 downward, and pushes the rigid elimination wedge pressure block (matched with wedge clearance block) 142 and the wedge clearance block 143 against the radial rotating bearing semi-circle 2, so that the radial rotating bearing semi-circle 2 and the housing 3 are pressed tightly through the roller 4 and the shaft. At this time, as Figure 11 shown, in the second step, the eccentric shaft 21 rotates with the eccentric shaft rotation center 22 as the center to push, and the wedge clearance block 143 moves as Figure 12 shown. The eccentric shaft D - C = 1 mm, and the slope of the clearance setting wedge surface and the clearance setting wedge surface 1431 relative to the pressing surface 1432 plane is 1:500. At this time, the clearance setting dimension B = 0.002 mm.

[0045] Embodiment 4

[0046] As Figures 8 - 10 shown, different from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3, the clearance setting mechanism is controlled by the rotation of an elliptical shaft. The elliptical shaft is as Figure 10 shown. E - F is the set clearance value. When eliminating the clearance, as Figure 8 shown, the long side E is parallel to the clearance direction. After the clearance elimination is completed, the PLC controls the rotating cylinder to drive the elliptical shaft 18 to rotate 180° so that the short side F replaces the long side E to complete the clearance setting process, and E - F = the clearance value.

[0047] Embodiment 5

[0048] Different from the above embodiments, the adjustment mechanism is used in the axial adjustment as Figure 2 shown, replacing the clearance elimination spring 1 in Figure 2 .

[0049] Embodiment 6

[0050] Different from the above embodiments, the adjusting mechanism is used in the radial adjustment as shown in Figure 3 to replace the backlash eliminator spring 1 in Figure 3 .

[0051] Embodiment 7

[0052] Different from the above Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3, the roller 4 is cancelled and replaced with a sliding rotary bearing.

[0053] Embodiment 8

[0054] Different from Embodiment 5, the angular contact rotary bearing in Figure 2 is replaced with a tapered sliding rotary bearing.

[0055] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The PLC controls the actuator, and adjusts the radial and axial clearance values of the sliding or rolling rotary bearing by a two-step method. First, the clearance eliminator makes the clearance of the rotary bearing zero, and then the clearance adjustment device is started to adjust the clearance of the rotary bearing to a smaller value. When the clearance changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, it can be continuously adjusted to adapt, so that the clearance of the rotary bearing can be maintained at a smaller value, improving the rotation accuracy of the shaft.

[0056] As described above, the above are only the specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be thought of without creative work should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A device for repeatedly and automatically adjusting the bearing clearance, characterized in that: An automatic backlash elimination device and a fixed clearance device with a PLC control driving device; the backlash elimination device eliminates the radial or axial clearance of the rotating bearing, and the fixed clearance device starts to adjust the axial clearance to a set value; The fixed clearance device is an elliptical shaft, an elliptical shaft pressing plate with an eccentric shaft hole, and a rigid elimination wedge pressing block with a rotating bearing. The elliptical shaft rotating driving device is a rotating cylinder.

2. The device for repeatedly and automatically adjusting the bearing clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backlash elimination device is a piezoelectric ceramic, and the driving device is a power supply with adjustable voltage.

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