Ratchet wheel compensation device monitoring equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway contact networks, in particular to ratchet compensation device monitoring equipment which comprises an angle sensor module, a tension sensor module, a temperature sensor module, a microprocessor, a wireless communication module and a power management module. The monitoring device is used for monitoring the rotation angle of the ratchet compensation device to judge the tensioning state of the compensation rope; the tension sensor module is connected with the microprocessor to monitor the tension of the compensation rope; the temperature sensor module is connected with the microprocessor through an ADC interface and used for monitoring the temperature of the ratchet wheel compensation device and the surrounding environment of the ratchet wheel compensation device. The microprocessor is connected with the wireless communication module through the UART interface and used for sending and receiving wireless data. According to the utility model, through real-time and accurate data acquisition and remote monitoring, the operation quality and safety of the electrified railway contact network system are effectively improved, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the overall operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of railway catenary, in particular to a monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device. Background Technique

[0002] The catenary ratchet compensation device plays an important role in electrified railways. By keeping the tension of the catenary constant, it ensures good pantograph-catenary current collection conditions for electric locomotives during operation, improving the quality and safety of railway operation.

[0003] Traditional monitoring methods for catenary ratchet compensation devices include regular manual inspections and inspections using inspection vehicles. However, these methods have problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and difficulty in real-time monitoring. Especially in electrified railway equipment, the failure rate of ratchet compensation devices is high, threatening the safe and stable operation of trains. Therefore, the need for real-time monitoring of ratchet compensation devices is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0004] As Figure 7 shown, the ratchet compensation device makes the catenary wire have a constant tension through a pre-set concrete counterweight of a certain mass. When the tension of the catenary wire changes and is unbalanced, the torque of the ratchet compensation device will change. At the same time, when the ratchet rocker rotates, the deflection angle of the ratchet will also change to a certain extent. In addition, temperature changes will cause changes in the tension of the catenary wire, thereby affecting the stability of the catenary. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to obtain the changes in tension, angle, and temperature caused by the working process of the ratchet compensation device, a monitoring device for the ratchet compensation device is provided.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the technical solution adopted is: a monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device, including an angle sensor module, a tension sensor module, a temperature sensor module, a microprocessor, a wireless communication module, and a power management module. The angle sensor module is connected to the microprocessor through an I2C interface and is used to monitor the rotation angle of the ratchet compensation device to judge the tension state of the compensation rope; the tension sensor module is connected to the microprocessor to monitor the tension of the compensation rope; the temperature sensor module is connected to the microprocessor through an ADC interface and is used to monitor the temperature of the ratchet compensation device and its surrounding environment; the microprocessor is connected to the wireless communication module through a UART interface and is used to send and receive wireless data. The power management module is used to supply power to the angle sensor module, the tension sensor module, the temperature sensor module, the microprocessor, and the wireless communication module.

[0007] As an optimized solution of the utility model, the microprocessor is a single-chip microcomputer U1, and the single-chip microcomputer U1 is STM32F103RCT6.

[0008] As an optimized solution of the utility model, the angle sensor module includes an angle measurement sensor U2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4. The capacitor C1 is connected between the first pin and the eighth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2. The tenth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through the capacitor C2. The twentieth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through the capacitor C3. The thirteenth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through the capacitor C4. The twenty-third pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is connected to the twenty-ninth pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1. The twenty-fourth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is connected to the thirtieth pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1.

[0009] As an optimized solution of the utility model, the tension sensor module includes two strain full-bridge circuits composed of a resistance strain gauge R1, a resistance strain gauge R2, a resistance strain gauge R3, a resistance strain gauge R4, a resistance strain gauge R7, a resistance strain gauge R8, a resistance strain gauge R10, and a resistance strain gauge R11, and resistors R5, R6, R11 and R12 for zero adjustment.

[0010] As an optimized solution of the present utility model, the wireless communication module includes an NB-IoT chip U4, a level converter U5, resistors R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, NPN transistors Q2, Q3 and Q4. The 13th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the TXD pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 12th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the RXD pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 11th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the RXD_DBG pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 10th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the TXD_DBG pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 2nd pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 17th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1 through the resistor R20, the 3rd pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 16th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1 through the resistor R21, the 4th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 29th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1 through the resistor R22, the 5th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 30th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1 through the resistor R23. The resistors R24 and R27 are connected in series between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 and the 38th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the POWKEY pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the resistors R25 and R28 are connected in series between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q3 and the 10th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1, the collector of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the PSM_EINT pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the resistors R26 and R29 are connected in series between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q4 and the 37th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the RESET pin of the NB-IoT chip U4.

[0011] The present utility model has positive effects: 1) By integrating an angle sensor, a tension sensor and a temperature sensor, the present utility model can obtain the key operation parameters of the ratchet compensation device in real time. Compared with traditional manual inspection or inspection by inspection vehicle, this method not only improves the monitoring efficiency, but also enhances the effectiveness of monitoring due to the real-time and accurate data;

[0012] 2) Through the NB-IoT wireless communication technology, the monitoring device of the present utility model can transmit the collected data to a remote monitoring center or a cloud server in real time, thus realizing the remote monitoring of the ratchet compensation device. This can not only detect potential problems in time, but also quickly respond according to the actual situation, avoiding the interruption of railway operation caused by failures;

[0013] 3) The utility model can automatically collect and transmit data, reducing the need for manual inspections, thereby lowering labor costs. In addition, real-time monitoring helps to detect and handle potential faults in advance, reducing maintenance costs caused by sudden faults and the risk of railway transportation interruptions;

[0014] 4) By continuously monitoring the tension, angle changes, and temperature of the catenary, this device helps to keep the catenary operating in the best condition, ensuring good current collection conditions between the pantograph and the catenary of electric locomotives. Furthermore, it improves the reliability and safety of the electrified railway system and guarantees the safe and stable operation of trains. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The following further elaborates on the present utility model in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 is the principle block diagram of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is the circuit schematic diagram of the microprocessor;

[0018] Figure 3 is the circuit schematic diagram of the angle sensor module;

[0019] Figure 4 is the circuit schematic diagram of the tension sensor module;

[0020] Figure 5 is the circuit schematic diagram of the temperature sensor module;

[0021] Figure 6 is the circuit schematic diagram of the wireless communication module;

[0022] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the ratchet compensation device;

[0023] Among them: 1. Angle sensor module, 2. Tension sensor module, 3. Temperature sensor module, 4. Microprocessor, 5. Wireless communication module, 6. Power management module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the patent embodiments clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0025] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present utility model or its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model.

[0027] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements, numerical expressions and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model. At the same time, it should be clear that, for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Technologies, methods and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other example values of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, the present utility model discloses a monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device, including an angle sensor module 1, a tension sensor module 2, a temperature sensor module 3, a microprocessor 4, a wireless communication module 5 and a power management module 6. The angle sensor module 1 is connected to the microprocessor 4 through an I2C interface and is used to monitor the rotation angle of the ratchet compensation device to judge the tension state of the compensation rope; the tension sensor module 2 is connected to the microprocessor 4 to monitor the tension of the compensation rope; the temperature sensor module 3 is connected to the microprocessor 4 through an ADC interface and is used to monitor the temperature of the ratchet compensation device and its surrounding environment; the microprocessor 4 is connected to the wireless communication module 5 through a UART interface and is used to send and receive wireless data, and the power management module 6 is used to supply power to the angle sensor module 1, the tension sensor module 2, the temperature sensor module 3, the microprocessor 4 and the wireless communication module 5.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the microprocessor 4 is a single-chip microcomputer U1, and the single-chip microcomputer U1 is STM32F103RCT6. The STM32F103RCT6 energy line series includes a high-performance ARM Cortex-M3 32-bit RISC core with a working frequency of 72 MHz, a high-speed embedded memory (up to 512 KB of flash memory and up to 64 KB of SRAM), and a wide range of enhanced I / O and peripherals connected to two APB buses. All devices provide three 12-bit ADCs, four general 16-bit timers and two PWM timers, as well as standard and advanced communication interfaces: two I2Cs, three SPIs, two I2Ss, one SDIO, five USARTs, one USB and one CAN.

[0030] As Figure 3As shown, the angle sensor module 1 includes an angle measurement sensor U2, capacitors C1, C2, resistors R1, C3 and C4. Capacitor C1 is connected between the first pin and the eighth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2. The tenth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through capacitor C2. The twentieth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through capacitor C3. The thirteenth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through capacitor C4. The twenty-third pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is connected to the twenty-ninth pin of the microcontroller U1. The twenty-fourth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is connected to the thirtieth pin of the microcontroller U1. The angle measurement sensor U2 is specifically an MPU6050 chip. The MPU6050 is a powerful six-axis accelerometer gyroscope sensor, suitable for the precise measurement of the acceleration and angular velocity of various objects. It integrates a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, and communicates with the microcontroller through the I2C interface. It has a high sensitivity (such as 16384 LSB / g) and can work within a wide temperature range (-40°C to +85°C).

[0031] As Figure 4 shown, the tension sensor module 2 includes two strain full-bridge circuits composed of strain gauges R1, R2, R3, R4, R7, R8, R10, R11 and resistors R5, R6, R11 and R12 for zero adjustment. The strain bridge circuit is a full-bridge circuit. To reduce the power consumption of the bridge circuit, BF1K-3AA strain gauges with a resistance value of 1 kΩ are selected, powered by a 5V power supply, and eight strain gauges are used to form two strain bridges, and the zero adjustment of the bridge is achieved by paralleling high-resistance resistors. A plate ring type NTJL-7 tension sensor can also be selected to monitor the tension change of the catenary compensation device. It is applicable to the measurement of tensile or compressive forces. Its working principle is that when the internal elastic element is subjected to an external force, it generates an elastic deformation, and through the corresponding conversion circuit, the tension or pressure received can be converted into a measurable electrical signal output.

[0032] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the temperature sensor module 3 includes a temperature sensor U3 and a capacitor C10. The fourth pin of the temperature sensor U3 is grounded through the capacitor C10, and the third pin of the temperature sensor U3 is connected to the 27th pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1. The temperature sensor U3 is an MCP9700 sensor. The output impedance of the MCP9700 sensor is very small, and there is no need to connect a buffer. The output pin is directly connected to the ADC acquisition pin of the main control, converting the analog voltage value into a digital signal for data processing, achieving the purpose of monitoring the temperature of the downhole water distribution terminal device. The temperature detection range is -40°C to +125°C. The chip can convert the measured temperature into an analog voltage, directly collect it through the ADC of the main control MCU, and bring the collected data into a linear relationship to obtain the measured temperature.

[0033] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, the wireless communication module 5 includes an NB-IoT chip U4, a level shifter U5, resistors R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, NPN transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4. The 13th pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the TXD pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 12th pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the RXD pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 11th pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the RXD_DBG pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 10th pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the TXD_DBG pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, the 2nd pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the 17th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R20, the 3rd pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the 16th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R21, the 4th pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the 29th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R22, the 5th pin of the level shifter U5 is connected to the 30th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R23. Resistors R24 and R27 are serially connected between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 and the 38th pin of the microcontroller U1, the collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the POWKEY pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, resistors R25 and R28 are serially connected between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q3 and the 10th pin of the microcontroller U1, the collector of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the PSM_EINT pin of the NB-IoT chip U4, resistors R26 and R29 are serially connected between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q4 and the 37th pin of the microcontroller U1, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the RESET pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. Using NB-IO technology for data transmission has higher reliability. Users do not need to deploy the network by themselves, saving costs and reducing the technical difficulty of carrying out projects. In the same frequency band, NB-IoT has better network communication signals than existing ones, with an increase of about 20 dB. It is usually in the sleep mode and has low power consumption. The NB-IoT chip U4 is a BC20 module. The serial port voltage domain of the BC20 module is 1.8V, while the serial port output voltage domain of the MCU is 3.3V. A level shifter TXB0104 needs to be added between the serial port connection of the BC20 module and the MCU.

[0034] When the BC20 module is in the shutdown state, the PWRKEY can be pulled low through the PC7 port for at least 500 ms to wake up the BC20 module. The BC20 module also has an Idle (light sleep state) mode and can receive paging messages. When the BC20 module is in the PSM mode, the network is in a disconnected state, and the BC20 module can be controlled to exit the PSM mode through the PC2 port. The BC20 module can be reset by pulling low the PC6 port for 50 ms, and the serial port level in this part is converted by a transistor.

[0035] During operation, the rotation angle of the ratchet compensation device is monitored by an angle measurement sensor to judge the tension state of the compensation rope. The sensor communicates with the microprocessor through the I2C interface and sends the angle data to the microprocessor. A strain full-bridge circuit composed of resistance strain gauges is used to measure the tension of the compensation rope. When the rope is stressed, the strain gauges will deform, resulting in a change in resistance, which in turn causes a change in the output voltage of the bridge. This change is converted into an electrical signal and sent to the microprocessor. A temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the ratchet compensation device and its surrounding environment. The temperature sensor converts the temperature change into an analog voltage signal, which is read by the microprocessor after ADC conversion. The microprocessor collects data from each sensor and performs preliminary data processing and analysis. Through the built-in algorithm, the microprocessor can judge whether the working state of the ratchet compensation device is normal. The processed data is transmitted to the wireless communication module through the UART interface. The wireless communication module packages the data and sends it to the monitoring center or cloud server through the NB-IoT network to achieve remote data transmission. The power management module is responsible for powering the entire monitoring system to ensure that each component (angle sensor module, tension sensor module, temperature sensor module, microprocessor, and wireless communication module) can work properly.

[0036] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device, characterized in that: It includes an angle sensor module (1), a tension sensor module (2), a temperature sensor module (3), a microprocessor (4), a wireless communication module (5) and a power management module (6). The angle sensor module (1) is connected to the microprocessor (4) through an I2C interface and is used to monitor the rotation angle of the ratchet compensation device to judge the tension state of the compensation rope; the tension sensor module (2) is connected to the microprocessor (4) to monitor the tension of the compensation rope; the temperature sensor module (3) is connected to the microprocessor (4) through an ADC interface and is used to monitor the temperature of the ratchet compensation device and its surrounding environment; the microprocessor (4) is connected to the wireless communication module (5) through a UART interface and is used to send and receive wireless data. The power management module (6) is used to supply power to the angle sensor module (1), the tension sensor module (2), the temperature sensor module (3), the microprocessor (4) and the wireless communication module (5).

2. The monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microprocessor (4) is a single-chip microcomputer U1, and the single-chip microcomputer U1 is STM32F103RCT6.

3. A ratchet compensation device monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle sensor module (1) includes an angle measurement sensor U2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4. The capacitor C1 is connected between the first pin and the eighth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2. The tenth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through the capacitor C2. The twentieth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through the capacitor C3. The thirteenth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is grounded through the capacitor C4. The twenty-third pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is connected to the twenty-ninth pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1. The twenty-fourth pin of the angle measurement sensor U2 is connected to the thirtieth pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1.

4. The monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device according to claim 2, wherein: The tension sensor module (2) includes two strain full-bridge circuits composed of a resistance strain gauge R1, a resistance strain gauge R2, a resistance strain gauge R3, a resistance strain gauge R4, a resistance strain gauge R7, a resistance strain gauge R8, a resistance strain gauge R9, a resistance strain gauge R10 and resistors R5, R6, R11 and R12 for zero adjustment.

5. The monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature sensor module (3) includes a temperature sensor U3 and a capacitor C10. The fourth pin of the temperature sensor U3 is grounded through the capacitor C10. The third pin of the temperature sensor U3 is connected to the twenty-seventh pin of the single-chip microcomputer U1.

6. The monitoring device for a ratchet compensation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wireless communication module (5) includes an NB-IoT chip U4, a level converter U5, resistors R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, NPN transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4. The 13th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the TXD pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. The 12th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the RXD pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. The 11th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the RXD_DBG pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. The 10th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the TXD_DBG pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. The 2nd pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 17th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R20. The 3rd pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 16th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R21. The 4th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 29th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R22. The 5th pin of the level converter U5 is connected to the 30th pin of the microcontroller U1 through the resistor R23. Resistors R24 and R27 are serially connected between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 and the 38th pin of the microcontroller U1. The collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is connected to the POWKEY pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. Resistors R25 and R28 are serially connected between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q3 and the 10th pin of the microcontroller U1. The collector of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the PSM_EINT pin of the NB-IoT chip U4. Resistors R26 and R29 are serially connected between the emitter of the NPN transistor Q4 and the 37th pin of the microcontroller U1. The collector of the NPN transistor Q3 is connected to the RESET pin of the NB-IoT chip U4.

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