Pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing, and belongs to the field of nondestructive testing. The utility model discloses a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing, which comprises a large magnetic conductor, a data processing unit and external equipment, the lower sides of the two ends of the large magnetic conductor are respectively provided with a first small magnetic conductor, a permanent magnet and a second small magnetic conductor from top to bottom in sequence, and the south and north poles of the two permanent magnets are opposite in direction; magnetic sensors are arranged on the first small magnetic conductor and the second small magnetic conductor; and the magnetic sensor, the data processing unit and the external equipment are electrically connected in sequence. A magnetic field loop is formed by the permanent magnet, the magnetic conductor and the pipeline, when the area of the detected pipeline has defects, the magnetic field on the surface of the metal magnetic conductor near the permanent magnet changes greatly, the magnetic sensor is placed on the surface of the magnetic conductor for measurement, and then data are differentiated from data obtained when the pipeline has no defects, so that the detection accuracy is improved. And further judging whether the part of the pipeline has defects or not.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing, belonging to the field of nondestructive testing. Background Technique

[0002] Oil and gas pipelines play a very important role in the national economy. However, most oil and gas pipelines are made of low-carbon steel, and defects such as corrosion and mechanical damage will inevitably occur during service, posing serious safety hazards. Therefore, the detection of defects is crucial for ensuring the safety of oil and gas pipelines. At present, the main methods for defect detection include magnetic flux leakage, ultrasonic, eddy current and ray detection. Ultrasonic detection has high precision and speed, but has high requirements for the detection environment; eddy current detection is only highly sensitive to surface defects and has a serious skin effect; ray detection has obvious detection effects on weld porosity and slag inclusions, but rays are harmful; magnetic flux leakage detection has obvious advantages in terms of operating environment, applicable scope, technical maturity and economy, and is widely used in pipeline detection. However, the current traditional detection methods require a driving device to detect defects, consuming more resources, having a smaller detection range and being unable to monitor them in real time. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is: a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing, including a large magnetic conductor, a data processing unit, and an external device. On the lower sides of both ends of the large magnetic conductor, a first small magnetic conductor, a permanent magnet, and a second small magnetic conductor are successively arranged from top to bottom, and the north and south pole directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite; magnetic sensors are arranged on both the first small magnetic conductor and the second small magnetic conductor; the magnetic sensors, the data processing unit, and the external device are electrically connected in sequence.

[0005] A further technical solution is that the data processing unit includes an input interface, a data processor, a memory, a control unit, and an output interface;

[0006] The input interface is used to receive the data of the magnetic sensor and transmit the data to the inside of the data processing unit; the data processor performs the processing operation of the magnetic data; the memory is used to store data, instructions, and intermediate results, playing a role of temporary storage and data exchange; the control unit is responsible for coordinating the operations and data flows of each part, controlling the execution order of instructions, and communicating outside the processor, and jointly completes the decoding and execution of instructions with the data processor; the output interface sends the processed data to the external device.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet is not less than 1T.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the relative magnetic permeabilities of the first small magnetic conductor, the second small magnetic conductor, and the large magnetic conductor are all not less than 3000 H / m, and a closed loop is formed by connecting two permanent magnets and the pipeline to ensure that the magnetic field can be effectively guided.

[0009] A further technical solution is that there are two pairs of the magnetic sensors, which are respectively placed on the surfaces of the first small magnetic conductor and the second small magnetic conductor for measuring magnetic field signals.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the dimensions of the first small magnetic conductor and the second small magnetic conductor are 2×5×5 cm, the dimensions of the permanent magnet are 2×5×5 cm, and the dimensions of the large magnetic conductor are 100×3×5 cm.

[0011] A method for monitoring pipeline defects based on magnetic field sensing specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Place a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing on a pipeline without defects.

[0013] Step 2: Turn on the data processing unit, and place the magnetic sensors on the surfaces of the first small magnetic conductor and the second small magnetic conductor to collect magnetic field signals.

[0014] Step 3: The magnetic sensors transmit the magnetic field signals to the data processor. The data processor processes the raw data, extracts key features, and obtains the magnetic sensor measurement data when the pipeline is defect-free.

[0015] Step 4: Then place a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing on the pipeline to be detected.

[0016] Step 5: The magnetic sensors transmit the magnetic field signals of the pipeline to be detected to the data processor. The data processor processes the raw data, extracts key features, obtains the magnetic sensor measurement data during device monitoring, and conducts further analysis and interpretation.

[0017] Step 6: Compare the magnetic sensor measurement data when the pipeline is defect-free with the magnetic sensor measurement data during device monitoring, analyze the obtained data, and then determine whether there are defects in this pipeline area.

[0018] A further technical solution is that the processing process of the data processor includes: noise filtering, data difference, signal enhancement, and feature extraction.

[0019] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The utility model quickly measures pipeline defects based on magnetic field sensing technology, without a pushing device, and the pipeline measurement range can reach 96 cm, qualitatively detecting whether there are defects in the pipeline, which is more economical and convenient.

[0021] 2. The utility model forms a magnetic field loop through a permanent magnet, a metal magnetic conductor, and a carbon steel pipeline. When there are defects in the area of the pipeline to be detected, the magnetic field on the surface of the metal magnetic conductor near the permanent magnet will change greatly. Place the magnetic sensor on the surface of the metal magnetic conductor for measurement, and then perform a difference operation on this data and the data measured when the pipeline has no defects, so as to judge whether there are defects in this part of the pipeline. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the pipeline monitoring device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is the structural diagram of the data processor of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 is the magnetic field simulation diagram of the pipeline of the utility model when there are no defects;

[0025] Figure 4 is the magnetic field simulation diagram of the pipeline of the utility model when there are defects;

[0026] Figure 5 is the differential result diagram of the magnetic field data at the sensor with or without defects of the utility model.

[0027] As shown in the figure: 1 - large magnetic conductor; 2 - first small magnetic conductor; 3 - permanent magnet; 4 - second small magnetic conductor; 5 - data processing unit; 51 - input interface; 52 - data processor; 53 - memory; 54 - control unit; 55 - output interface; 6 - external device; 7 - magnetic sensor. Detailed Embodiment

[0028] Next, the technical solutions of the utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0029] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing of the present utility model includes a large magnetic conductor 1, a data processing unit 5, and an external device 6. On the lower sides of both ends of the large magnetic conductor 1, a first small magnetic conductor 2, a permanent magnet 3, and a second small magnetic conductor 4 are successively arranged from top to bottom. The north-south polar directions of the two permanent magnets 3 are opposite; magnetic sensors 7 are arranged on both the first small magnetic conductor 2 and the second small magnetic conductor 4; the magnetic sensors 7, the data processing unit 5, and the external device 6 are electrically connected in sequence.

[0030] In this embodiment, a housing may further be included, and the above-mentioned various structures are arranged at corresponding positions of the housing;

[0031] The residual magnetic flux density in the two permanent magnets 3 is set to 1T. Both are in the shape of a cuboid. The north-south polar directions of the permanent magnets placed on the left and right sides are opposite, and the first small magnetic conductor and the second small magnetic conductor are respectively connected above and below;

[0032] As Figure 2 shown, the data processing unit 5 includes an input interface 51, a data processor 52, a memory 53, a control unit 54, and an output interface 55;

[0033] The input interface 51 is used to receive the data of the magnetic sensor 7 and transmit the data to the data processor 52; the data processor 52 performs the processing operation of magnetic data; the memory magnetic sensor 53 is used to store data, instructions, and intermediate results, playing the role of temporary storage and data exchange; the control unit 54 is responsible for coordinating the operations and data flows of each part, controlling the execution order of instructions, and the communication outside the data processor 52, and jointly completing the decoding and execution of instructions with the data processor 52; the output interface 55 sends the processed data to the external device 6.

[0034] The data processing unit 5 is responsible for receiving and processing the data collected by the magnetic sensor 7. This data processing unit 5 executes various algorithms to process the raw data, extract key features, and perform further analysis and interpretation. Its main functions include noise filtering, data differencing, signal enhancement, feature extraction, etc., to ensure accurate monitoring and diagnosis of whether there are defects in the pipeline;

[0035] When there are defects in the pipeline, the magnetic field on the surface of the metal magnetic conductor near the permanent magnet 3 will change greatly. The data measured by the magnetic sensor when the pipeline is defect-free is compared with the data measured by the magnetic sensor during the device monitoring, and the obtained data is analyzed, and then it is judged whether there are defects in this pipeline area. Such a processing flow can effectively capture the magnetic field data on the metal magnetic conductor, so as to realize the monitoring and diagnosis of pipeline defects with fewer sensors.

[0036] In this embodiment, two permanent magnets 3 are set, with their dimensions being 2×5×5 cm, as well as the first small magnetic conductor 2 and the second small magnetic conductor 4, also with dimensions of 2×5×5 cm. The dimensions of the large magnetic conductor 1 are 100×3×5 cm. The outer diameter of the pipeline is 114.3 cm, the height is 200 cm, and the thickness is 10 cm. The residual magnetic flux density of each permanent magnet 3 is set to 1 T. A closed magnetic circuit is formed through the combination of the pipeline, the permanent magnets 3, and the magnetic conductors. Each measurement can measure a pipeline length of 96 cm.

[0037] When measuring the magnetic field of an intact pipeline, the magnetic field data of the closed magnetic circuit can be obtained. When monitoring the defect area, based on the collected data for analysis, it is observed that the magnetic field in the area near the permanent magnet changes significantly compared with the defect-free situation. Therefore, the magnetic sensor 7 is placed on the surface of the metal magnetic conductor near the permanent magnet 3 for monitoring, and then the obtained data is compared, analyzed, and processed with the data when there is no defect. Through this process, we can determine whether there are defects in the monitored area.

[0038] A method for using a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field perception of the present utility model specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Place a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field perception on an intact pipeline;

[0040] Step 2: Turn on the data processing unit 5, and place the magnetic sensor 7 on the surfaces of the first small magnetic conductor 2 and the second small magnetic conductor 4 to collect magnetic field signals;

[0041] Step 3: The magnetic sensor 7 transmits the magnetic field signals to the data processor 5, and the data processor 5 processes the original data (noise filtering, data differencing, signal enhancement), extracts key features, and obtains the magnetic sensor measurement data when the pipeline is defect-free;

[0042] Step 4: Then place a pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field perception on the pipeline to be detected;

[0043] Step 5: The magnetic sensor 7 transmits the magnetic field signals of the pipeline to be detected to the data processor, and the data processor 5 processes the original data, extracts key features, obtains the magnetic sensor measurement data during device monitoring, and conducts further analysis and interpretation;

[0044] Step 6: Compare the magnetic sensor measurement data when the pipeline is defect-free with the magnetic sensor measurement data during device monitoring, analyze the obtained data, and then determine whether there are defects in this pipeline area.

[0045] The above description is not intended to impose any form of limitation on the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been disclosed through the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the relevant art can make some changes or modifications within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model by using the disclosed technical content to form equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing, characterized in that, It includes a large magnetic conductor (1), a data processing unit (5), and an external device (6). On the lower sides of both ends of the large magnetic conductor (1), a first small magnetic conductor (2), a permanent magnet (3), and a second small magnetic conductor (4) are successively arranged from top to bottom. The north and south poles of the two permanent magnets (3) are in opposite directions; magnetic sensors (7) are arranged on both the first small magnetic conductor (2) and the second small magnetic conductor (4); the magnetic sensors (7), the data processing unit (5), and the external device (6) are electrically connected in sequence.

2. The pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing unit (5) includes an input interface (51), a data processor (52), a memory (53), a control unit (54), and an output interface (55); The input interface (51) is used to receive the data from the magnetic sensor (7) and transmit the data to the data processor (52); the data processor (52) performs the processing operation of the magnetic data; the memory (53) is used to store data, instructions, and intermediate results, playing the role of temporary storage and data exchange; the control unit (54) is responsible for coordinating the operations and data flows of all parts, controlling the execution order of instructions, and the communication outside the data processor (52), and jointly completing the decoding and execution of instructions with the data processor (52); the output interface (55) sends the processed data to the external device (6).

3. The pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remanent flux density of the permanent magnet (3) is not less than 1T.

4. The pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, wherein The relative magnetic permeabilities of the first small magnetic conductor (2), the second small magnetic conductor (4), and the large magnetic conductor (1) are all not less than 3000H / m. Connecting the two permanent magnets (3) and the pipeline forms a closed loop to ensure that the magnetic field can be effectively guided.

5. The pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two pairs of the magnetic sensors (7), which are respectively placed on the surfaces of the first small magnetic conductor (2) and the second small magnetic conductor (4) for measuring magnetic field signals.

6. The pipeline defect monitoring device based on magnetic field sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that The sizes of the first small magnetic conductor (2) and the second small magnetic conductor (4) are 2×5×5cm, the size of the permanent magnet (3) is 2×5×5cm, and the size of the large magnetic conductor (1) is 100×3×5cm.

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