Electric heating biomass pyrolysis system

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric heating biomass pyrolysis system. The electric heating biomass pyrolysis system comprises an electric induction heater, a pyrolysis furnace and a screener; the electric induction heater is used for heating metal particles; the heated metal particles enter a pyrolyzing furnace to be mixed with the biomass particles fed into the pyrolyzing furnace for heat exchange, so that the biomass particles are pyrolyzed; pyrolysis oil gas obtained through pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace is output from the pyrolysis furnace; solid products in the pyrolyzing furnace and the metal particles entering the pyrolyzing furnace are discharged from the pyrolyzing furnace and enter the screener, and the screener is used for screening out the metal particles entering the screener. According to the system, heated metal particles are used as solid heat carriers to heat biomass, so that the biomass is subjected to pyrolytic reaction, and pyrolytic oil gas and biomass carbon residues are obtained. The heat transfer process is more direct and accurate, and electric heat can be directly and efficiently transferred to biomass particles in a heat transfer mode. The heating speed is high, the heat transfer efficiency is high, and the yield of biomass pyrolysis oil gas can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass processing, in particular to an electric heating biomass pyrolysis system. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing installation of wind and photovoltaic power generation capacity in China, grid access has become increasingly difficult due to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of their generation. Due to grid load regulation issues, some wind and photovoltaic power is discarded. Currently, the curtailment rate in the domestic green power industry is very high. To maximize the utilization of these green energy sources, various large-scale energy storage facilities, such as pumped hydro and battery storage, have emerged. These facilities have been piloted in many locations, but due to the significant initial investment and various site selection requirements, they have not been widely adopted. Furthermore, with the increasing consumption of fossil energy in China, carbon emissions are becoming increasingly prominent. Consequently, research on biomass gasification and pyrolysis to produce green fuels is growing. In particular, the production of green methanol from biomass gasification, or the production of green methanol or ethanol from biomass carbon sources and green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis, are hot topics.

[0003] Biomass pyrolysis technology has appeared in the prior art. For example, biomass high-temperature pyrolysis technology based on electric energy input has appeared in patent applications with publication numbers CN102719265A, CN105349185A, etc. In these biomass pyrolysis technologies, the pyrolysis furnace is still based on the traditional fuel-heated pyrolysis furnace structure design, and generally, electric heating coils and other structures are integrated in the pyrolysis furnace to achieve heating and pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace. Since the electric heating method is still indirect heating, after the biomass enters the pyrolysis furnace, its heating rate and heating efficiency are actually lower than the traditional solution of directly heating the furnace gas and biomass by burning fuel gas in the pyrolysis furnace. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to improve the electric energy utilization and conversion rate of the existing electric heating biomass pyrolysis system and reduce the energy loss of energy storage using the biomass pyrolysis process, the utility model provides an electric heating biomass pyrolysis system.

[0005] The utility model provides an electric heating biomass pyrolysis system, comprising an electric induction heater, a pyrolysis furnace and a screener; the electric induction heater is used to heat metal particles; the heated metal particles enter the pyrolysis furnace and are mixed with biomass particles put into the pyrolysis furnace for heat exchange, so that the biomass particles are pyrolyzed; the pyrolysis oil and gas obtained by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace are output from the pyrolysis furnace; the solid products in the pyrolysis furnace and the metal particles entering the pyrolysis furnace are discharged from the pyrolysis furnace and enter the screener, and the screener is used to screen out the metal particles entering the screener.

[0006] Preferably, the metal particles are screened by the screener and then returned to the electric induction heater for heating and circulation.

[0007] Preferably, the metal particles are metal materials attracted by a magnet, and the screener is a magnetic separator.

[0008] Preferably, the electric induction heater uses an induction coil to perform contactless heating on the metal particles.

[0009] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace further comprises a mixer, in which the heated metal particles and the biomass particles are mixed and heat exchanged.

[0010] Preferably, the mixer is a falling bed with a slope, and the metal particles and biomass particles tumble and fall on the falling bed to achieve mixing and heat transfer.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a pyrolysis oil and gas processing system, which includes a fine dust collector and a cooling purification device; the pyrolysis oil and gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace enters the fine dust collector for dust removal and then enters the cooling purification device to separate the tar in the pyrolysis oil and gas.

[0012] The utility model utilizes heated metal particles as a solid heat carrier to heat biomass, causing the biomass to undergo a pyrolysis reaction, thereby obtaining pyrolysis oil and gas and biomass charcoal residue. Compared to directly using electric heat conversion to heat the entire pyrolysis furnace, the heat transfer process of the technical solution of the present application is more direct and precise, and can directly and efficiently transfer electric heat to the biomass particles through heat transfer. The energy conversion efficiency of heating metal particles by electric induction heating is higher, and contactless heating can be achieved, with a fast heating speed. This method realizes the use of electric energy to pyrolyze biomass and convert electrical energy into green chemical energy. In addition, the high-temperature catalytic effect of metal iron particles can be utilized to increase the yield of biomass pyrolysis oil and gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the electric heating biomass pyrolysis system of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electric heating biomass pyrolysis system of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optimized embodiment of the electric heating biomass pyrolysis system of the present invention.

[0016] In the picture:

[0017] 11: Electric induction heater; 12: Pyrolysis furnace; 121: Mixer; 13: Screener; 14: Pyrolysis oil and gas processing system; 141: Fine dust collector; 142: Cooling and purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is a detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this specification, the dimensions of the drawings do not represent the actual size ratios. The drawings are only used to reflect the relative positional relationship and connection relationship between the various components. Components with the same name or the same number represent similar or identical structures and are only for illustrative purposes.

[0019] To utilize lower-quality biomass feedstock from wind power and photovoltaic conversion, a Chinese utility model with publication number CN113604231A utilizes hot semi-coke produced by the pyrolysis of low-rank coal as a heat source for biomass pyrolysis. This process couples the pyrolysis of low-rank coal with that of biomass. A drawback of this utility model is that it does not utilize electricity as a heat source, thus failing to achieve the goal of utilizing green power. Furthermore, the semi-coke produced by pyrolysis is mixed semi-coke, not pure biochar, and therefore does not meet the standards for producing a green carbon source.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the utility model. Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. In order to avoid the relatively large energy loss caused by heating biomass and protective gas in a pyrolysis furnace through electric heating in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a biomass heating solution based on metal particle heat transfer to reduce energy loss during the high-temperature pyrolysis process of biomass and improve the utilization rate of electrical energy.

[0021] The electric heating biomass pyrolysis system of the present invention includes an electric induction heater 11, a pyrolysis furnace 12, and a screener 13. The electric induction heater 11 is used to heat metal particles. The heated metal particles then enter the pyrolysis furnace, mix with the biomass particles fed in, and undergo sufficient heat exchange to cause pyrolysis of the biomass particles. The pyrolysis oil and gas produced by the pyrolysis are then discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 12. The solid products produced by the pyrolysis of the biomass particles and the metal particles that entered the pyrolysis furnace 12 are discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 12 and enter the screener 13. The screener 13 selects the metal particles from the mixture for recycling. The remaining solid products produced by the pyrolysis are discharged from the screener 13 as residual carbon.

[0022] Specifically, to achieve efficient heating of biomass particles in the pyrolysis furnace, the heated metal particles from the electric induction heater 11 are fed into the pyrolysis furnace 12 along with the biomass. The metal particles heated to at least 1000°C from the electromagnetic induction heating device are mixed with the biomass particles from the feedstock bin as quickly as possible in the pyrolysis furnace. During the mixing process and the subsequent movement of the metal particles, the metal particles and the biomass particles undergo a thorough heat exchange in the pyrolysis furnace. The biomass particles are heated to above 600°C by the heated metal particles, undergoing a pyrolysis reaction to produce biomass pyrolysis oil and gas and biochar. The pyrolysis oil and gas are discharged, and the biochar is discharged along with the metal particles into the sifter 13, where it is separated to produce residual carbon. The system can optionally design a circulation route for the metal particles so that after being discharged from the sifter 13, the metal particles spontaneously return to the electric induction heater 11 for circulating heating of the system. As for the sifter 13, in order to achieve separation between the metal particles and the biochar, the sifter 13 can be a magnetic separator. For the electric induction heater 11 , an induction coil is preferably used for heating. When the metal particles pass through the electric induction heater 11 , the induction coil can heat the metal particles in a contactless manner.

[0023] The rapid and efficient mixing of metal particles and biomass particles is important for improving the conversion efficiency of the present application, and determines the effective ratio at which the heat carried by the metal particles can be transferred to the biomass particles and pyrolyzed. For this purpose, a mixer 121 is optionally provided in the pyrolysis furnace 12. The heated metal particles transported by the electric induction heater 11 and the biomass particles fed into the mixer 121 first enter the mixer 121 and are fully mixed therein. In the technical solution of the present application, the mixer 121 is a falling bed with a slope, and the metal particles and biomass particles fall and tumble on the falling bed under the action of gravity, completing mixing and heat transfer between them.

[0024] like Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the process. After pyrolysis gas is discharged, it enters the pyrolysis gas processing system 14 for further processing. This system includes a fine dust collector 141. The pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 12 first enters the fine dust collector 141 for dust removal, filtering out fine solid particles carried within the pyrolysis gas. The filtered pyrolysis gas then enters the cooling and purification device 142 of the pyrolysis gas processing system 14 for further separation and purification. The tar contained in the pyrolysis gas enters a tar tank, resulting in purified pyrolysis gas.

[0025] The present invention also provides an electrically heated biomass pyrolysis method. Metal particles are electrically heated, and then the heated metal particles are mixed with biomass particles in a pyrolysis furnace. The heated metal particles heat the biomass particles in the pyrolysis furnace, so that the biomass particles are pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace to obtain pyrolysis oil and gas, and finally the metal particles are separated from the solid particles discharged from the pyrolysis furnace. The metal particles separated in this method are preferably electrically heated again to carry out the above cycle. In this method, the step of separating the metal particles from the solid particles discharged from the pyrolysis furnace is preferably achieved by magnetic separation, and the metal particles used are metal materials that can be attracted by magnets, such as alloy materials of iron, cobalt, nickel, etc. The screener 13 is a magnetic separator, and the metal particles are separated by magnetic separation in the screener 13, and further the residual carbon material obtained by pyrolysis of the biomass particles after the metal material is separated by the screener 13 is obtained.

[0026] The above-mentioned solution utilizes heated metal particles as a solid heat carrier to heat biomass, causing pyrolysis to occur, yielding pyrolysis oil and gas and biomass char. Compared to directly using electric heat conversion to heat the entire pyrolysis furnace, the heat transfer process of this technical solution is more direct and precise, enabling efficient transfer of electric heat to the biomass particles through heat transfer. Heating metal particles through electric induction heating offers higher energy conversion efficiency, non-contact heating, and rapid heating. This method utilizes electrical energy to pyrolyze biomass, converting electrical energy into green chemical energy. This method can also be applied to pyrolysis processes using low-rank coal as a feedstock. This solution utilizes wind power and photovoltaic power to provide a heat source for biomass pyrolysis, ultimately converting electrical energy into storable chemical energy. This solution innovatively utilizes electromagnetic heating of metallic iron particles. The hot metallic iron particles act as a solid heat carrier to directly heat the biomass, causing pyrolysis, ultimately achieving electrical heating of the biomass and achieving pyrolysis. Furthermore, the high-temperature catalytic effect of the metallic iron particles can be utilized to increase the yield of biomass pyrolysis oil and gas. The magnetic properties of metallic iron particles can also be exploited to separate biochar and metallic iron particles using magnetic separation equipment to obtain pure biomass carbon residue material. The above scheme uses wind power and photovoltaics to provide a heat source for biomass pyrolysis, that is, electromagnetic induction is used to heat metal particles, and the hot metal particles are used as a heat carrier, mixed with biomass particles, and evenly heated, thereby achieving a pyrolysis reaction of the biomass particles; after the pyrolysis reaction, the metal particles are separated from the biochar particles by magnetic separation to obtain pure biochar material, which is pure green charcoal. This pyrolysis process uses the principle of electromagnetic induction heating, which has a fast heating rate and high thermal efficiency. By utilizing unsustainable power sources such as wind and solar power, electrical energy is converted into biomass pyrolysis oil and gas and green charcoal material, realizing the conversion of unsustainable electrical energy into storable chemical energy, thereby achieving the purpose of energy storage.

[0027] The above content is only a description of the preferred implementation mode of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically heated biomass pyrolysis system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electric induction heater (11), a pyrolysis furnace (12) and a screener (13); the electric induction heater (11) is used to heat metal particles; the heated metal particles enter the pyrolysis furnace (12) and are mixed with biomass particles fed into the pyrolysis furnace (12) for heat exchange, so that the biomass particles are pyrolyzed; pyrolysis oil and gas obtained by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace (12) are output from the pyrolysis furnace (12); solid products in the pyrolysis furnace (12) and metal particles entering the pyrolysis furnace (12) are discharged from the pyrolysis furnace (12) and enter the screener (13); the screener (13) is used to screen out the metal particles entering the screener (13).

2. The electric heating biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal particles are screened by the screener (13) and then returned to the electric induction heater (11) for heating and circulation.

3. The electric heating biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal particles are metal materials attracted by a magnet, and the sifter (13) is a magnetic separator.

4. The electrically heated biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric induction heater (11) uses an induction coil to heat the metal particles without contact.

5. The electrically heated biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace (12) further comprises a mixer (121), in which the heated metal particles and the biomass particles are mixed and heat exchanged.

6. The electrically heated biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mixer (121) is a falling bed with a slope, and the metal particles and the biomass particles roll and fall on the falling bed to complete mixing and heat transfer.

7. The electrically heated biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a pyrolysis oil and gas processing system (14), which includes a fine dust collector (141) and a cooling and purification device (142); the pyrolysis oil and gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace (12) enters the fine dust collector (141) for dust removal and then enters the cooling and purification device (142) to separate the tar in the pyrolysis oil and gas.

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