Waste lithium ion battery discharging device

Abstract

A waste lithium ion battery discharging device comprises a square battery processing system, a round battery processing system, a heat exchange system, a physical discharging system and a flue gas processing and drying system. The square battery processing system sequentially comprises a square battery arrangement input module, a square battery output conveying belt and a battery storage bin after discharging in the battery moving direction. The round battery processing system is located below the square battery processing system and comprises a round battery feeding slide way, a round battery feeding conveying belt, a round battery discharging groove, a rotating wheel propeller set, a round battery output conveying belt and a discharged round battery storage bin, and the heat exchange system comprises a round battery discharging groove and a heat exchange interlayer on the outer wall of the square battery discharging groove. The physical discharge system comprises a discharge clamping plate, a super capacitor energy storage module, a direct current / direct current converter and a direct current / alternating current converter; and the flue gas treatment and drying system comprises a cover body arranged on the square battery treatment system and the round battery treatment system.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model relates to a battery discharge device. Background technology:

[0002] In the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries, using a discharge device to release the residual electrical energy is a key step in ensuring safe handling and recycling. Currently, the discharge of spent lithium-ion batteries mainly includes two technologies: physical discharge and chemical discharge.

[0003] Physical discharge involves connecting the battery to a load or external circuit, releasing the remaining energy in the battery as an electric current. This technology offers advantages such as simplicity, low cost, and environmental friendliness, as it allows for quick battery discharge. However, it also requires complex electrical equipment and generates significant heat during the discharge process, potentially impacting safety and the environment.

[0004] Chemical discharge uses chemical reactions to convert residual energy in the battery into heat or chemical energy to achieve safe discharge of the battery. Chemical discharge is usually achieved by injecting a specific chemical solution or medium into the battery, triggering an internal chemical reaction and releasing the electrical energy in the battery. This technology can more precisely control the discharge process and avoid the potential safety hazards of physical discharge. However, the chemical discharge process requires the use of specific chemicals or solvents, and secondary pollution may be generated during the reaction, which requires careful handling to prevent the leakage of harmful substances. Secondly, the discharge efficiency of chemical discharge may be limited by the chemical reaction rate and conditions, affecting the efficiency and speed of discharge.

[0005] In summary, existing chemical and physical discharge methods for used lithium-ion batteries each have their advantages and disadvantages. Providing a device that combines physical and chemical discharge to further increase the discharge rate of used lithium-ion batteries and improve the safety of the entire discharge process has become an urgent problem in the existing technology. Utility model content:

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] Provided is a waste lithium-ion battery discharge device, comprising a square battery processing system and a round battery processing system, a heat exchange system, a physical discharge system, and a flue gas treatment and drying system.

[0008] The square battery processing system includes a square battery sorting input module, a square battery output conveyor belt, and a square battery storage bin after discharge in the direction of battery movement;

[0009] The square battery sorting and input module includes a square battery input conveyor belt and a packer. The packer is located above the square battery input conveyor belt and is used to pack the square batteries entering from the square battery feed port of the device into square battery packs of 6. The square battery discharge module includes a square battery discharge tank and a conveyor belt. The square battery discharge tank is a trapezoidal tank that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The feed end of the square battery discharge tank has a feed chute, and the discharge end has a discharge chute. The conveyor belt is installed at the bottom of the square battery discharge tank and is driven by a motor located above the square battery discharge tank through a transmission device.

[0010] The starting end of the square battery output conveyor is close to the end of the discharge chute of the square battery discharge tank. The square battery pack discharged from the discharge chute can directly enter the square battery output conveyor; the end of the square battery output conveyor is close to the entrance of the battery storage bin after discharge.

[0011] The round battery processing system is located below the square battery processing system, and includes a round battery feeding chute, a round battery feeding conveyor belt, a round battery discharge tank, a rotor propeller group, a round battery output conveyor belt and a round battery storage bin after discharge. The round battery feeding chute is used to arrange the cylindrical batteries entering from the round battery feeding port side by side and enter the round battery discharge tank in sequence. The rotor propeller group is located above the round battery discharge tank, and includes multiple side-by-side rotor propellers near the feeding end, the discharging end and between the two sections. Rotating the propeller can move the cylindrical batteries in the round battery discharge tank from the feeding end to the discharging end. The rotor propeller near the discharging end can push the cylindrical batteries from the discharging end of the round battery discharge tank to the round battery output conveyor belt. The discharging end of the round battery output conveyor belt is close to the entrance of the round battery storage bin.

[0012] The heat exchange system includes a heat exchange interlayer on the outer walls of the circular and square battery discharge tanks, a circulation box, and a phase-change heat storage box. The phase-change heat storage box contains phase-change heat storage material and heat exchange pipes. The cold end of the heat exchange interlayer is connected to the heat exchange medium outlet of the circulation box via a pipe, while the hot end of the heat exchange interlayer is connected to the heat exchange pipe inlet of the phase-change heat storage box via a pipe. The heat exchange pipe outlet of the phase-change heat storage box is also connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the circulation box via a pipe. A pipeline pump is installed on the pipe connecting the heat exchange medium outlet of the circulation box.

[0013] The physical discharge system includes a discharge clamp, a supercapacitor energy storage module, a DC / DC converter and a DC / AC converter.

[0014] The discharge splint includes an electrode splint assembly mounted in pairs on the inner walls of the square battery discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. Each set of electrode splint assemblies includes a splint, a spring, a permanent magnet, and an electromagnet. The two sides of the splint serve as the battery contact surface and the mounting surface, respectively. The spring and the permanent magnet are mounted on the mounting surface of the splint. The other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the square battery discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet are mounted on the inner wall of the discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank, respectively. The electrode splint assembly is connected to the input end of the DC / DC converter via a diode. The output end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the supercapacitor energy storage module. The supercapacitor energy storage module is also connected to the input end of the DC / AC converter. The output end of the DC / AC converter can directly output AC power for use by other loads.

[0015] The flue gas treatment and drying system includes a housing installed in both the square and round battery handling systems. A partition separates the housing into a fume exhaust hood and a drying hood. The partition isolates the square and round battery output conveyors within the drying hood. The partition has a door-shaped opening for the batteries to pass through. The duct at the top of the fume exhaust hood houses a fume exhaust fan and a harmful gas absorber. The duct at the top of the drying hood houses an electric heater and a drying fan.

[0016] The waste lithium-ion battery discharge device further comprises a square battery discharge tank with a width of 30-50 cm;

[0017] The waste lithium-ion battery discharge device further has a clamping plate with a length of 20-30 cm, a height of 5-8 cm, a width of 2-5 cm, a distance of 12-20 cm from the bottom of the tank, and is made of copper.

[0018] In the waste lithium-ion battery discharge device, the harmful gas absorption device further adopts an activated carbon gas filter layer.

[0019] The waste lithium-ion battery discharge device further comprises the following steps: when the device is working, the square battery discharge slot and the round battery discharge slot contain lithium battery discharge solution, which is a salt solution; when the device is working, the level of the lithium battery discharge solution is 2-5 cm higher than the upper edge of the discharge splint.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) A combination of physical discharge and chemical discharge is used to effectively improve the discharge efficiency of waste lithium batteries while ensuring safety.

[0022] (2) The intermittent physical discharge method is adopted to overcome the problem of high heat generation during the physical discharge process. At the same time, the supercapacitor energy storage module is used to collect part of the electrical energy during the physical discharge process, realizing the recycling of the electrical energy of waste batteries.

[0023] (3) A heat exchange interlayer is set around the discharge tank, which can timely cool the discharge tank through the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the phase change heat storage material can be used to recover the heat generated by chemical discharge, thereby improving the recovery rate of waste battery power.

[0024] (4) By setting up a gas filtering device, the harmful gases generated during the discharge process can be effectively filtered to achieve the goal of low carbon and environmental protection. Description of the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a waste lithium-ion battery discharge device provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the physical discharge system structure of a waste lithium-ion battery discharge device provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an electrode clamp assembly for a waste lithium-ion battery discharge device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture

[0029] 101-cubic cell input conveyor belt, 102-packer, 103-cubic cell feeding port, 104-cubic cell discharge tank, 1041-feeding chute, 1042-discharging chute, 105-conveying conveyor belt, 1051 motor, 106-cubic cell output conveyor belt, 107-discharged battery storage bin;

[0030] 201-round battery feeding chute, 202-round battery feeding conveyor belt, 203-round battery discharge tank, 204-rotor propeller group, 205-round battery output conveyor belt, 206-round battery storage bin after discharge;

[0031] 301-heat exchange interlayer, 302-circulation box, 303-phase change heat storage box, 3032-phase change heat storage material, 3031-heat exchange pipeline, 304-pipeline pump;

[0032] 401-discharge splint, 4011-splint, 4012-spring, 4013-permanent magnet, 4014-electromagnet, 402-supercapacitor energy storage module, 403-DC / DC converter, 404-DC / AC converter, 405-diode;

[0033] 500-partition plate, 501-exhaust hood, 5011-exhaust fan, 5012-harmful gas absorption device, 5021-electric heating device, 5022-drying fan; Specific implementation method:

[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the utility model provides a discharge device for waste lithium-ion batteries, which includes a square battery processing system and a round battery processing system, a heat exchange system, a physical discharge system, and a flue gas treatment and drying system.

[0035] The square battery processing system includes a square battery sorting input module, a square battery output conveyor belt, and a square battery storage bin after discharge in the direction of battery movement;

[0036] The square battery sorting and input module includes a square battery input conveyor belt 101 and a packer 102. The packer is located above the square battery input conveyor belt and is used to pack the square batteries entering from the square battery feed port 103 of the device into square battery packs of 6. The square battery discharge module includes a square battery discharge tank 104 and a conveyor belt 105. The square battery discharge tank is a trapezoidal tank that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The feed end of the square battery discharge tank has a feed chute 1041, and the discharge end has a discharge chute 1042. The conveyor belt is installed at the bottom of the square battery discharge tank and is driven by a motor 1051 located above the square battery discharge tank through a transmission device.

[0037] The starting end of the square battery output conveyor belt 106 is close to the end of the discharge chute of the square battery discharge tank. The square battery pack discharged from the discharge chute can directly enter the square battery output conveyor belt; the end of the square battery output conveyor belt is close to the entrance of the discharge post-battery storage bin 107.

[0038] The round battery processing system is located below the square battery processing system, and includes a round battery feeding chute 201, a round battery feeding conveyor belt 202, a round battery discharge tank 203, a rotor propeller group 204, a round battery output conveyor belt 205 and a round battery storage bin 206 after discharge. The round battery feeding chute is used to arrange the cylindrical batteries entering from the round battery feeding port side by side and enter the round battery discharge tank in sequence. The rotor propeller group is located above the round battery discharge tank, and includes multiple side-by-side rotor propellers near the feeding end, the discharging end and between the two sections. Rotating the propeller can move the cylindrical batteries in the round battery discharge tank from the feeding end to the discharging end. The rotor propeller near the discharging end can push the cylindrical batteries from the discharging end of the round battery discharge tank to the round battery output conveyor belt. The discharging end of the round battery output conveyor belt is close to the entrance of the round battery storage bin.

[0039] The heat exchange system includes a heat exchange interlayer 301 on the outer walls of the circular and square battery discharge tanks, a circulation box 302, and a phase-change heat storage box 303. The phase-change heat storage box contains phase-change heat storage material 3032 and heat exchange pipes 3031. The cold end of the heat exchange interlayer is connected to the heat exchange medium outlet of the circulation box via a pipe, while the hot end of the heat exchange interlayer is connected to the heat exchange pipe inlet of the phase-change heat storage box via a pipe. The heat exchange pipe outlet of the phase-change heat storage box is also connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the circulation box via a pipe. A pipeline pump 304 is installed on the pipe connecting the heat exchange medium outlet of the circulation box.

[0040] The physical discharge system includes a discharge clamp 401, a supercapacitor energy storage module 402, a DC / DC converter 403, a DC / AC converter 404, and a diode 405.

[0041] The discharge splint includes an electrode splint assembly mounted in pairs on the inner walls of the square battery discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. Each set of electrode splint assemblies includes a splint 4011, a spring 4012, a permanent magnet 4013, and an electromagnet 4014. The two sides of the splint serve as the battery contact surface and the mounting surface, respectively. The spring and the permanent magnet are mounted on the mounting surface of the splint. The other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet are mounted on the inner wall of the discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank, respectively. The electrode splint assembly is connected to the input end of the DC / DC converter via a diode. The output end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the supercapacitor energy storage module. The supercapacitor energy storage module is also connected to the input end of the DC / AC converter. The output end of the DC / AC converter can directly output AC power for use by other loads.

[0042] The flue gas treatment and drying system includes enclosures installed within the square and round battery processing systems. A partition 500 separates the enclosures into a fume exhaust hood 501 and a drying hood 502. The partition separates the square and round battery output conveyors within the drying hoods. The partition has a door-shaped opening for the batteries to pass through. The ducts at the top of the fume exhaust hoods contain a fume exhaust fan 5011 and a harmful gas absorber 5012. The ducts at the top of the drying hoods contain an electric heater 5021 and a drying fan 5022.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] In this embodiment, the square battery discharge tank has a width of 30-50 cm.

[0045] The length of the splint is 20-30cm, the height is 5-8cm, the width is 2-5cm, and the distance between the splint and the bottom of the groove is 12-20cm. The splint material is copper,

[0046] The lithium battery discharge solution contained in the square battery discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank is a salt solution, which is ferrous sulfate and sodium chloride solution in this embodiment. The liquid level of the lithium battery discharge solution is 2-5 cm higher than the upper edge of the discharge splint.

[0047] The harmful gas absorption device adopts an activated carbon gas filter layer.

[0048] The rated voltage of the supercapacitor energy storage module is 2.7-3.3V, the capacitance is not less than 20F, the energy density is not less than 5Wh / kg, and the cycle life is not less than 100,000 times.

[0049] The phase change heat storage material in the phase change heat storage box has a phase change temperature of 40℃-50℃ and a phase change latent heat of not less than 200kJ·kg -1 , thermal conductivity is not less than 1W·m -1 ·K -1 .

[0050] Example 2

[0051] The operating steps of the waste lithium-ion battery discharge device provided by the utility model are as follows:

[0052] 1) Square batteries enter the square battery feed port, cylindrical batteries enter the round battery feed port, and all batteries are arranged with the positive and negative poles facing the same side.

[0053] 2) The square batteries enter the square battery input conveyor belt through the square battery feed port, and are packaged into square battery packs in groups of 6 when passing through the packer. They then slide through the feed slide into the battery discharge tank and are immersed in the lithium battery discharge solution. They are then transported forward by the conveyor belt. During the transportation process, they are chemically discharged by continuous immersion in the lithium battery discharge solution.

[0054] Cylindrical batteries enter the round battery feeding conveyor belt through the round battery feeding port and the round battery feeding chute. Under the action of the conveyor belt, the batteries enter the round battery discharge tank in sequence and are immersed in the lithium battery discharge solution. Under the action of the rotary propeller, the cylindrical batteries move forward in the round battery discharge tank one by one in sequence. During the forward process, chemical discharge is achieved through continuous immersion in the lithium battery discharge solution.

[0055] 3) When the square battery pack or cylindrical battery passes through the discharge clamp, the electromagnet is energized to cause it to repel the permanent magnet. The corresponding clamp moves relatively close to clamp the square battery pack or cylindrical battery under the combined action of magnetic force and spring force, and the positive and negative poles are connected, so that the residual electricity is stored in the supercapacitor energy storage module through the DC / DC converter; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet attract each other, causing the corresponding clamp to move relatively away and release the battery. By intermittently turning the electromagnet on and off, intermittent physical discharge of the battery can be achieved.

[0056] 4) Some of the harmful fumes and water vapor generated during the discharge process pass through the harmful gas absorption device in the exhaust hood. The exhaust fan filters the gases and discharges them. The discharged batteries enter the drying hood, where the drying fan and electric heating device work together to dry the square battery packs on the square battery output conveyor and the cylindrical batteries on the round battery output conveyor. The dried square battery packs enter the square battery storage bin, and the cylindrical batteries enter the round battery storage bin, facilitating the next step.

[0057] 5) After the lithium battery discharge solution is heated up, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange interlayer is circulated through the pipeline pump to absorb the heat during the discharge process. The heated heat exchange medium enters the phase change heat storage box to heat the phase change heat storage material therein. The low-temperature heat exchange medium after releasing heat flows into the circulation box.

Claims

1. A waste lithium-ion battery discharge device, characterized in that The device includes a square battery processing system and a round battery processing system, a heat exchange system, a physical discharge system, and a flue gas treatment and drying system. The square battery processing system includes a square battery sorting input module, a square battery discharge module, a square battery output conveyor belt, and a square battery storage bin after discharge in the direction of battery movement; The square battery sorting and input module includes a square battery input conveyor belt and a packer. The packer is located above the square battery input conveyor belt and is used to pack the square batteries entering from the square battery feed port of the device into square battery packs of 6. The square battery discharge module includes a square battery discharge tank and a conveyor belt. The square battery discharge tank is a trapezoidal tank that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The feed end of the square battery discharge tank has a feed chute, and the discharge end has a discharge chute. The conveyor belt is installed at the bottom of the square battery discharge tank and is driven by a motor located above the square battery discharge tank through a transmission device. The starting end of the square battery output conveyor is close to the end of the discharge chute of the square battery discharge tank. The square battery pack discharged from the discharge chute can directly enter the square battery output conveyor; the end of the square battery output conveyor is close to the entrance of the battery storage bin after discharge. The round battery processing system is located below the square battery processing system and includes a round battery feeding chute, a round battery feeding conveyor belt, a round battery discharge tank, a rotor propeller group, a round battery output conveyor belt and a round battery storage bin after discharge. The round battery feeding chute is used to arrange the cylindrical batteries entering from the round battery feeding port side by side and enter the round battery discharge tank in sequence. The rotor propeller group is located above the round battery discharge tank and includes a plurality of side-by-side rotor propellers near the feeding end, the discharging end and between the two sections. Rotating the propeller can move the cylindrical batteries in the round battery discharge tank from the feeding end to the discharging end. The rotor propeller near the discharging end can push the cylindrical batteries from the discharging end of the round battery discharge tank to the round battery output conveyor belt. The discharging end of the round battery output conveyor belt is close to the entrance of the round battery storage bin. The heat exchange system includes a heat exchange interlayer on the outer wall of the circular battery discharge tank and the square battery discharge tank, a circulation box and a phase change heat storage box. The phase change heat storage box has a phase change heat storage material and a heat exchange pipe. The cold end of the heat exchange interlayer is connected to the heat exchange medium outlet of the circulation box through a pipe, and the hot end of the heat exchange interlayer is connected to the heat exchange pipe inlet of the phase change heat storage box through a pipe. The heat exchange pipe outlet of the phase change heat storage box is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the circulation box through a pipe. A pipeline pump is installed on the pipe connecting the heat exchange medium outlet of the circulation box. The physical discharge system includes a discharge clamp, a supercapacitor energy storage module, a DC / DC converter and a DC / AC converter. The discharge splint includes an electrode splint assembly installed in pairs on the inner walls of the square battery discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. Each set of electrode splint assemblies includes a splint, a spring, a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. The two sides of the splint serve as the battery contact surface and the mounting surface respectively. The spring and the permanent magnet are on the mounting surface of the splint. The other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the square battery discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. The electromagnet and the permanent magnet are correspondingly installed on the inner wall of the discharge tank and the round battery discharge tank. The electrode splint assembly is connected to the input end of the DC / DC converter through a diode. The output end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the supercapacitor energy storage module. The supercapacitor energy storage module is also connected to the input end of the DC / AC converter. The output end of the DC / AC converter can directly output the mains power for use by other loads. The flue gas treatment and drying system includes a cover installed in the square battery treatment system and the round battery treatment system. The cover is provided with a partition plate to separate the cover into a smoke exhaust hood and a drying hood. The partition plate isolates the square battery output conveyor belt and the round battery output conveyor belt in the drying hood. The partition plate has a door-shaped opening for the batteries to pass through. The pipe on the top of the smoke exhaust hood is provided with a smoke exhaust fan and a harmful gas absorption device, and the pipe on the top of the drying hood is provided with an electric heating device and a drying fan.

2. A waste lithium-ion battery discharge device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The square battery discharge tank has a width of 30-50 cm.

3. A waste lithium-ion battery discharge device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The length of the splint is 20-30 cm, the height is 5-8 cm, the width is 2-5 cm, the distance between the splint and the bottom of the groove is 12-20 cm, and the material of the splint is copper.

Images