Cutting nozzle, laser cutting head and laser cutting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cutting nozzle, a laser cutting head and a laser cutting device. The cutting nozzle comprises a shell, a rectifying part and a flow dividing part. The shell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used for mixed gas to flow in, and the air outlet is used for mixed gas to flow out; the shell is provided with a first channel for laser to pass through; the rectifying part is connected with the shell; the rectifying part is provided with a rectifying channel, or the rectifying part and the shell jointly define the rectifying channel; the rectification channel is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet, and mixed gas passes through the rectification channel so that the mixed gas can rotate around the axis of the rectification part; the shunting piece is connected with the shell; the flow dividing piece is provided with a flow dividing channel, or the flow dividing piece and the shell jointly define the flow dividing channel; the air inlet, the rectifying channel, the shunting channel and the air outlet are sequentially communicated. According to the cutting nozzle, flame combustion can be more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a cutting nozzle, a laser cutting head and a laser cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting is an emerging metal thermal cutting technology. Due to its advantages such as fast cutting speed, good cutting quality and small thermal deformation of the substrate, laser cutting is widely used in the field of industrial manufacturing. With the continuous advancement of commercial laser manufacturing technology, the power of lasers used in laser cutting equipment is getting higher and higher, and the thickness of plates that can be cut by laser cutting equipment is also getting larger and larger. Among them, 10,000-watt lasers have become a commonly used laser source in laser cutting equipment. However, when cutting metal plates thicker than 30mm, simply increasing the laser power still cannot effectively increase the laser cutting speed. Moreover, as the laser power increases, the cost of laser cutting thick plates also rises rapidly.

[0003] Flame cutting utilizes a burning flame to cut sheet metal. Historically, it has been a primary method for cutting thick sheet metal due to its superior cutting capabilities, low equipment and cutting costs, and other advantages. However, flame cutting suffers from low cutting efficiency, large heat-affected zones and thermal deformation, and long preheating times. In particular, it struggles with perforation, making it difficult to cut complex shapes. To date, flame cutting has been limited to relatively simple metal cutting applications and has failed to meet the requirements for efficient, high-quality, and complex cutting of thick metal materials.

[0004] In the related art, flame-assisted laser cutting is used to achieve the cutting of thick plates. However, the flame used to assist laser cutting has the problem of unstable combustion. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a cutting nozzle that can make flame combustion more stable.

[0006] The present application also proposes a laser cutting head having the above-mentioned cutting nozzle.

[0007] The present application also proposes a laser cutting device having the above-mentioned laser cutting head.

[0008] The cutting nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present application includes:

[0009] The housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is used for allowing the mixed gas to flow in, and the air outlet is used for allowing the mixed gas to flow out; the housing is provided with a first channel, and the first channel is used for allowing the laser to pass through;

[0010] a rectifying member connected to the housing; the rectifying member is provided with a rectifying channel, or the rectifying member and the housing jointly define a rectifying channel; the rectifying channel is in communication with the air inlet and the air outlet, and is used to pass the mixed gas through the rectifying channel so that the mixed gas rotates around the axis of the rectifying member;

[0011] A diverter is connected to the outer shell; the diverter is provided with a diverter channel, or the diverter and the outer shell jointly define a diverter channel; the air inlet, the rectifying channel, the diverter channel and the air outlet are connected in sequence; the diverter channel includes a plurality of sub-channels, and the plurality of sub-channels are spaced apart around the axis of the diverter.

[0012] The cutting nozzle according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: when the mixed gas passes through the rectification channel, the mixed gas will rotate around the axis of the rectification part, so that the combustion-supporting gas and the combustible gas will be mixed more evenly, and the mixed gas will burn more stably after ignition; in addition, when the mixed gas passes through the diversion channel, the mixed gas will flow along each sub-channel respectively, and the mixed gas is divided into multiple fluids. The flow of the mixed gas is more stable and it is not easy to form turbulence. The mixed gas will burn more stably after ignition.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the rectifying channel includes a spiral channel.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fairing is detachably connected to the shell, the shell is provided with a accommodating cavity, the fairing is located in the accommodating cavity, the outer peripheral surface of the fairing is provided with a spiral groove, and the spiral groove and the inner surface of the accommodating cavity jointly define the spiral channel.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of spiral grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the fairing, and the plurality of spiral grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the fairing.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the diverter is detachably connected to the outer shell, the outer shell is provided with a accommodating cavity, the diverter is located in the accommodating cavity, the outer peripheral surface of the diverter is provided with a plurality of strip grooves, and the strip grooves and the inner surface of the accommodating cavity jointly define the sub-channel.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fairing is further provided with a second channel, and the second channel is used for allowing the laser to pass through.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the diverter is provided with a third channel, and the third channel is used for allowing the laser to pass through.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the third channel is further used for allowing auxiliary gas to pass through, and the auxiliary gas includes one of oxygen, nitrogen, air and inert gas.

[0020] A laser cutting head according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes:

[0021] The cutting nozzle mentioned above;

[0022] An optical component is connected to the housing, and is used to guide the laser into the first channel. The optical component is also used to adjust the focal position of the laser and the spot size of the laser.

[0023] The laser cutting head according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: by using the above-mentioned cutting nozzle, after the mixed gas is introduced into the laser cutting head, the combustion of the mixed gas will be more stable.

[0024] A laser cutting device according to a third embodiment of the present application includes:

[0025] The laser cutting head mentioned above;

[0026] The laser is used to emit laser light, and the optical component is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser.

[0027] The laser cutting device according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: by using the above-mentioned laser cutting head, the laser cutting device can use a flame that burns more stably, and the cutting quality of the laser cutting device is more stable.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0030] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a cutting nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the fairing of the middle cutting nozzle;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the diverter of the middle cutting nozzle;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 a bottom view of the diverter of the middle cutting nozzle;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a laser cutting device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Reference numerals: housing 100 , accommodating cavity 110 , inner surface 111 , first channel 120 , air inlet 130 , air outlet 140 ;

[0036] The rectifying member 200, the rectifying channel 210, the spiral channel 211, the spiral groove 212, and the second channel 220;

[0037] Diverter 300, diverter channel 310, sub-channel 311, strip groove 312, third channel 320;

[0038] Optical assembly 400, first protective mirror 410, collimating mirror 420, focusing mirror 430, second protective mirror 440, third protective mirror 450;

[0039] Laser 500;

[0040] Mixed gas source 600. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0043] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "plurality" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0044] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0045] In the description of this application, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 The cutting nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present application includes a housing 100, a flow straightener 200, and a flow divider 300. The housing 100 is provided with an air inlet 130 and an air outlet 140. The air inlet 130 is used to allow the mixed gas to flow in, and the air outlet 140 is used to allow the mixed gas to flow out. The housing 100 is also provided with a first channel 120, which is used to allow the laser to pass through.

[0047] The flow straightening member 200 is connected to the housing 100. The flow straightening member 200 and the housing 100 define a flow straightening channel 210 (see Figure 1 The rectifying channel 210 is in communication with the air inlet 130 and the air outlet 140 . The rectifying channel 210 is used to pass the mixed gas so as to cause the mixed gas to rotate around the axis of the rectifying member 200 .

[0048] The diverter 300 is connected to the housing 100. The diverter 300 and the housing 100 define a diverter channel 310 (see Figure 1 The air inlet 130, the rectifying channel 210, the diverter channel 310 and the air outlet 140 are sequentially connected. The diverter channel 310 includes a plurality of sub-channels 311, which are spaced apart and distributed around the axis of the diverter 300.

[0049] The cutting nozzle according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: when the mixed gas passes through the rectifying channel 210, the mixed gas will rotate around the axis of the rectifying component 200, so that the combustion-supporting gas and the combustible gas will be mixed more evenly, and the mixed gas will burn more stably after being ignited; in addition, when the mixed gas passes through the diversion channel 310, the mixed gas will flow along each sub-channel 311 respectively, and the mixed gas is divided into multiple fluids. The mixed gas flows more stably and is not easy to form turbulence. The mixed gas will burn more stably after being ignited.

[0050] It should be noted that the mixed gas generally includes combustion-supporting gas and combustible gas. The combustion-supporting gas is usually oxygen, and the combustible gas can be one of acetylene, propane, liquefied gas, coke oven gas and natural gas.

[0051] In another embodiment, the fairing 200 is provided with a fairing channel 210, that is, the fairing channel 210 is directly machined on the fairing 200 without the involvement of the housing 100 in forming the fairing channel 210. For example, the fairing 200 can be manufactured by casting to form the spiral fairing channel 210 located inside the fairing 200.

[0052] In another embodiment, the diverter member 300 is provided with a diverter channel 310, that is, the diverter channel 310 is directly machined on the diverter member 300 without the need for the housing 100 to form the diverter channel 310. For example, multiple through holes can be directly opened on the diverter member 300, and the through holes can serve as sub-channels 311, and the diverter channel 310 is thus machined.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the rectifying channel 210 includes a spiral channel 211 .

[0054] When the mixed gas passes through the spiral channel 211, under the constraint of the spiral channel 211, the mixed gas will move along the spiral direction of the spiral channel 211 and then rotate, so that the combustion-supporting gas and the combustible gas in the mixed gas can be mixed more evenly.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the improved solution of the above embodiment, the rectifier 200 is detachably connected to the housing 100, and the housing 100 is provided with a receiving cavity 110 (refer to Figure 1 ), the rectifying member 200 is located in the accommodating chamber 110, and a spiral groove 212 is provided on the outer circumference of the rectifying member 200, and the spiral groove 212 and the inner surface 111 of the accommodating chamber 110 jointly define a spiral channel 211.

[0056] The rectifying member 200 is detachably connected to the outer shell 100, and a spiral groove 212 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rectifying member 200. Therefore, after the spiral groove 212 is processed, the rectifying member 200 can be installed in the accommodating cavity 110 of the outer shell 100, and the processing of the spiral channel 211 is more convenient and the processing cost of the spiral channel 211 is lower.

[0057] Specifically, the fairing 200 may be directly threadedly engaged with the housing 100 , or connected via fasteners (screws, bolts, etc.), thereby achieving a detachable connection between the fairing 200 and the housing 100 .

[0058] Reference Figure 2 In an improved solution of the above embodiment, a plurality of spiral grooves 212 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the fairing 200 , and the plurality of spiral grooves 212 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the fairing 200 .

[0059] By providing a plurality of spiral grooves 212 , the mixed gas can be divided into multiple airflows, and the mixed gas is mixed again after being divided, so that the combustion-supporting gas and the combustible gas in the mixed gas can be mixed more evenly.

[0060] Specifically, the number of the spiral grooves 212 may be two, three, four or other numbers.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the diverter 300 is detachably connected to the housing 100, the housing 100 is provided with a receiving chamber 110, the diverter 300 is located in the receiving chamber 110, and the outer peripheral surface of the diverter 300 is provided with a plurality of strip grooves 312, and the strip grooves 312 and the inner surface 111 of the receiving chamber 110 jointly define a sub-channel 311.

[0062] The diverter 300 is detachably connected to the housing 100, and a plurality of strip grooves 312 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the diverter 300. Therefore, after the strip grooves 312 are processed, the diverter 300 can be installed in the accommodating cavity 110 of the housing 100, and the processing of the sub-channel 311 is more convenient and the processing cost of the sub-channel 311 is lower.

[0063] Specifically, the diverter 300 can be directly threadedly matched with the housing 100, or connected via fasteners (screws, bolts, etc.), thereby achieving a detachable connection between the diverter 300 and the housing 100.

[0064] Specifically, the length direction of the strip groove 312 can be arranged along the axial direction of the diverter 300 .

[0065] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments of the present application, the fairing 200 is further provided with a second channel 220, and the second channel 220 is used for allowing the laser to pass through.

[0066] By providing the second channel 220 on the rectifying member 200 , the spatial position of the rectifying member 200 can coincide with the optical path of the laser, and the structure of the cutting nozzle can be more compact and the volume of the cutting nozzle can be smaller.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments of the present application, the diverter 300 is provided with a third channel 320, and the third channel 320 is used for allowing the laser to pass through.

[0068] By providing the third channel 320 on the diverter 300 , the spatial position of the diverter 300 can coincide with the optical path of the laser, and the structure of the cutting nozzle can be more compact and the volume of the cutting nozzle can be smaller.

[0069] Reference Figure 1In an improved solution of the above embodiment, the third channel 320 is also used for passing auxiliary gas, and the auxiliary gas includes one of oxygen, nitrogen, air and inert gas.

[0070] After the auxiliary gas is ejected from the third channel 320 , it can directly impact the laser heating position, so that the laser cutting speed is faster and the cutting quality is better.

[0071] Reference Figure 5 The laser cutting head according to the second embodiment of the present application includes a cutting nozzle and an optical component 400. The optical component 400 is connected to the housing 100 and is used to guide the laser into the first channel 120. The optical component 400 is also used to adjust the focal position of the laser and the size of the laser spot.

[0072] The laser cutting head according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: by using the above-mentioned cutting nozzle, after the mixed gas is introduced into the laser cutting head, the combustion of the mixed gas will be more stable.

[0073] Specifically, the optical assembly 400 includes a first protective mirror 410, a collimating mirror 420, a focusing mirror 430, a second protective mirror 440, and a third protective mirror 450. The first protective mirror 410, the collimating mirror 420, the focusing mirror 430, the second protective mirror 440, and the third protective mirror 450 are arranged in order from top to bottom. The first protective mirror 410 and the third protective mirror 450 can separate an independent and closed chamber in the accommodating chamber 110. The collimating mirror 420, the focusing mirror 430, and the second protective mirror 440 are all placed in the chamber, thereby preventing the collimating mirror 420, the focusing mirror 430, and the second protective mirror 440 from being contaminated by external dust.

[0074] The collimating lens 420 is used for collimating the laser, the focusing lens 430 is used for focusing the laser, and the second protective lens 440 is used for protecting the focusing lens 430 .

[0075] Reference Figure 5 The laser cutting device according to the third embodiment of the present application includes a laser cutting head and a laser 500. The laser 500 is used to emit laser light, and the optical component 400 is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser 500.

[0076] The laser cutting device according to the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: by using the above-mentioned laser cutting head, the laser cutting device can use a flame that burns more stably, and the cutting quality of the laser cutting device is more stable.

[0077] In addition, the laser cutting device generally further includes a mixed gas source 600 , which can provide combustion-supporting gas and combustible gas, both of which are introduced into the gas inlet 130 .

[0078] The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. Cutting nozzle, characterized in that, include: The housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is used for allowing the mixed gas to flow in, and the air outlet is used for allowing the mixed gas to flow out; the housing is provided with a first channel, and the first channel is used for allowing the laser to pass through; a rectifying member connected to the housing; the rectifying member is provided with a rectifying channel, or the rectifying member and the housing jointly define a rectifying channel; the rectifying channel is in communication with the air inlet and the air outlet, and is used to pass the mixed gas through the rectifying channel so that the mixed gas rotates around the axis of the rectifying member; a flow divider connected to the housing; The diverter is provided with a diverter channel, or the diverter and the housing jointly define a diverter channel; The air inlet, the rectifying channel, the diverter channel and the air outlet are connected in sequence; the diverter channel includes a plurality of sub-channels, and the plurality of sub-channels are distributed at intervals around the axis of the diverter.

2. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The rectifying channel includes a spiral channel.

3. The cutting nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that The rectifying member is detachably connected to the shell. The shell is provided with a receiving cavity. The rectifying member is located in the receiving cavity. The outer circumference of the rectifying member is provided with a spiral groove. The spiral groove and the inner surface of the receiving cavity together define the spiral channel.

4. The cutting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that A plurality of spiral grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rectifying member, and the plurality of spiral grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rectifying member.

5. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The diverter is detachably connected to the shell. The shell is provided with a receiving cavity. The diverter is located in the receiving cavity. The outer peripheral surface of the diverter is provided with a plurality of strip grooves. The strip grooves and the inner surface of the receiving cavity together define the sub-channel.

6. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The rectifying member is further provided with a second channel, and the second channel is used for allowing the laser to pass through.

7. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The diverter is provided with a third channel, and the third channel is used for the laser to pass through.

8. The cutting nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that The third channel is also used for passing auxiliary gas, and the auxiliary gas includes one of oxygen, nitrogen, air and inert gas.

9. Laser cutting head, characterized in that, include: The cutting nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 8; An optical component is connected to the housing, and is used to guide the laser into the first channel. The optical component is also used to adjust the focal position of the laser and the spot size of the laser.

10. Laser cutting device, characterized in that, include: The laser cutting head according to claim 9; The laser is used to emit laser light, and the optical component is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser.

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