Electric control device of electric vehicle based on power line communication

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication, which relates to the technical field of electric tricycle communication and comprises a first carrier module, a second carrier module and an electric control MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), and the two modules are connected through positive and negative electrode lines of a power supply; the first carrier module is connected with each vehicle head function button and is used for collecting and modulating all vehicle head function signals to obtain carrier signals, and the carrier signals are transmitted to the second carrier module through power supply positive and negative electrode wires; and the second carrier module is connected with the electric control MCU and is used for demodulating the carrier signal to obtain a corresponding vehicle head function signal, and the vehicle head function signal is transmitted to the electric control MCU to realize a corresponding electric control function. Wherein the positive and negative wires are power lines and communication lines, so that the use of the wires is reduced to the greatest extent, and the electrical architecture of the whole vehicle is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of communication of electric two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles, in particular to an electric control device of an electric vehicle based on power line communication. Background Art

[0002] At present, electric two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles have a variety of electronic control functions, generally including handlebars, reverse, gears, P gear, etc., and these control buttons are generally located at the front of the vehicle, while the electronic control is generally located at the rear end of the vehicle, with a distance of about 1.5 meters between the two. In order to achieve the connection between the control buttons and the electronic control, a point-to-point connection control method is usually adopted. The electrical connection is as follows Figure 1 The disadvantage of this connection method is that each function requires one or more wires. The more functions there are, the more wires are needed, and there is interference between them. Furthermore, to save wires, all functions are typically connected using a common ground, which results in long ground loops and further increases interference. Utility Model Content

[0003] In response to the above problems and technical needs, the inventors have proposed an electric control device for electric vehicles based on power line communication. The positive and negative wires of the device serve as both power lines and communication lines, minimizing the use of wires.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] An electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication includes a first carrier module, a second carrier module and an electric control MCU, wherein the two modules are connected via a positive and negative power line;

[0006] The first carrier module is connected to each vehicle head function button, and is used to collect all vehicle head function signals and modulate them to obtain carrier signals, which are transmitted to the second carrier module through the positive and negative power lines;

[0007] The second carrier module is connected to the electronic control MCU and is used to demodulate the carrier signal to obtain the corresponding vehicle head function signal. The vehicle head function signal is transmitted to the electronic control MCU to realize the corresponding electronic control function.

[0008] A further technical solution thereof is that the first carrier module includes a carrier MCU, first and second resistors and first to fourth capacitors;

[0009] The carrier MCU is used to modulate the vehicle head function signal to obtain the carrier signal;

[0010] The carrier signal passes through the first resistor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor in sequence and is connected to the negative power line; the other path passes through the second resistor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor in sequence and is connected to the positive power line.

[0011] Its further technical solution is that the second carrier module includes a multi-order filter unit, an operational amplifier unit and a carrier MCU connected in sequence;

[0012] The two input ports of the multi-stage filter unit are connected to the positive and negative power lines respectively, which are used to select the frequency of the carrier signal and filter out interference waves;

[0013] The operational amplifier unit is used to amplify the filtered signal and send it to the AD port of the carrier MCU for sampling;

[0014] The carrier MCU is used to restore and demodulate the sampled signal to obtain the corresponding vehicle head function signal.

[0015] A further technical solution thereof is that the multi-stage filtering unit includes fifth to seventh capacitors, first and second bidirectional TVS diodes, third to fifth resistors, and first to third inductors;

[0016] One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the negative power line as an input port of the multi-order filtering unit, and the other end is connected to one end of the first inductor. One end of the first bidirectional TVS diode and one end of the third resistor are both connected to one end of the first inductor.

[0017] One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the positive power line as another input port of the multi-order filtering unit, and the other end is connected to one end of the second inductor. One end of the second bidirectional TVS diode and one end of the fourth resistor are both connected to one end of the second inductor. The other ends of the first and second bidirectional TVS diodes and the other ends of the third and fourth resistors are all grounded.

[0018] Two ends of the third inductor are respectively connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, two ends of the seventh capacitor and the fifth resistor are respectively connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end of the second inductor, and the other end of the first inductor and the other end of the second inductor serve as two output ports of the multi-order filtering unit and are respectively connected to the two input ports of the operational amplifier unit.

[0019] A further technical solution is that the operational amplifier unit includes first to third operational amplifiers, sixth to thirteenth resistors, and an eighth capacitor;

[0020] The non-inverting input terminals of the first and second operational amplifiers are connected to the two output ports of the multi-order filter unit as the two input ports of the operational amplifier unit respectively. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier through the sixth resistor. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is also connected to the reference voltage through the seventh and eighth resistors.

[0021] The inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier through a ninth resistor, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is further connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier through a tenth and an eleventh resistor; the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is further connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier through a twelfth resistor;

[0022] The non-inverting input terminal of the third op amp is connected between the seventh and eighth resistors, the inverting input terminal is connected between the tenth and eleventh resistors, and the output terminal of the third op amp is connected to the AD port of the carrier MCU through an RC filter circuit composed of the thirteenth resistor and the eighth capacitor.

[0023] A further technical solution is that when the resistance of the sixth resistor is equal to that of the ninth resistor, and the resistance of the seventh and eighth resistors is equal to that of the tenth and eleventh resistors, the output signal V out The relationship between the input signal to the multi-order filter unit is:

[0024] V out =(V BAT+ -V BAT－ )(2*R6 / R 12 +1)+V ref ;

[0025] Among them, (V BAT+ -V BAT－ ) is the input signal transmitted from the positive and negative lines of the power supply, R6 is the resistance value of the sixth resistor, R 12 is the resistance value of the twelfth resistor, V ref is the reference voltage.

[0026] Its further technical solution is that the first carrier module is used to convert the vehicle head function signal in the time domain into a carrier signal in the frequency domain. The carrier signal has multiple frequency bands, so that it has a certain anti-interference ability during transmission.

[0027] Its further technical solution is that the front function signal includes instrument signal, reverse signal, gear shift signal, cruise signal, P gear signal, charging signal, side stand signal and brake signal;

[0028] Instrument signals include handlebar signal, wheel movement signal, anti-theft signal and one-line signal.

[0029] The beneficial technical effects of the utility model are:

[0030] The introduction of carrier communication technology into this device significantly reduces the number of control wiring harnesses within the vehicle. Power line communication eliminates the need for additional wiring, significantly reducing costs and potential short circuits and other potential risk points at wiring nodes. This not only simplifies the vehicle's electrical architecture but also reduces fire risks. Furthermore, the extremely low impedance between the positive and negative power lines provides excellent EMI protection. Consequently, this device's bandwidth, latency, and anti-interference capabilities far surpass existing communication methods such as serial ports, 485, and CAN. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is an electrical schematic diagram of traditional electric control point-to-point connection.

[0032] Figure 2 It is an electrical schematic diagram of the electronic control device provided in this application.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the first and second carrier modules provided in this application.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a level diagram of using serial port and 485 to realize data transmission.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the carrier signal provided by this application in the frequency domain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication, which does not require point-to-point connection for the control of the electric control. The device includes a first carrier module, a second carrier module and an electric control MCU, and the two modules are connected by the positive and negative power lines. The first carrier module is connected to each front function button, and is used to collect all the front function signals and modulate them to obtain a carrier signal, and the carrier signal is transmitted to the second carrier module through the positive and negative power lines. Among them, the front function signals include instrument signals, reversing signals, gear shift signals, cruise signals, P gear signals, charging signals, side support signals and brake signals, etc., and the instrument signals include throttle signals, wheel signals, anti-theft signals and one-line signals. The second carrier module is connected to the electric control MCU, and is used to demodulate the carrier signal to obtain the corresponding front function signal, and the front function signal is transmitted to the electric control MCU through the serial port or other means to realize the corresponding electric control function.

[0038] This embodiment integrates the first and second carrier modules into the same circuit diagram, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first carrier module includes a carrier MCU, first and second resistors, and first to fourth capacitors. The carrier MCU first modulates the collected head unit function signal to generate a carrier signal. The carrier signal passes through the first resistor R1, the first capacitor C1, and the second capacitor C2 in sequence before connecting to the negative power supply line BAT-. The other carrier signal passes through the second resistor R2, the third capacitor C3, and the fourth capacitor C4 in sequence before connecting to the positive power supply line BAT+ and being transmitted via the positive and negative power supply lines BAT±.

[0039] The second carrier module includes a multi-stage filter unit, an operational amplifier unit and a carrier MCU connected in sequence. The two input ports of the multi-stage filter unit are respectively connected to the positive and negative power lines BAT±, which are used to select the frequency of the received carrier signal and filter out interference waves. Figure 3As shown, the multi-order filtering unit includes fifth to seventh capacitors, first and second bidirectional TVS diodes, third to fifth resistors, and first to third inductors. One end of the fifth capacitor C5 serves as an input port of the multi-order filtering unit and is connected to the negative power supply line BAT-, while the other end is connected to one end of the first inductor L1. One end of the first bidirectional TVS diode Z1 and one end of the third resistor R3 are both connected to one end of the first inductor L1. One end of the sixth capacitor C6 serves as another input port of the multi-order filtering unit and is connected to the positive power supply line BAT+, while the other end is connected to one end of the second inductor L2. One end of the second bidirectional TVS diode Z2 and one end of the fourth resistor R4 are both connected to one end of the second inductor L2. The other ends of the first and second bidirectional TVS diodes Z1 and Z2 and the other ends of the third and fourth resistors R3 and R4 are all grounded to GND. The two ends of the third inductor L3 are connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and one end of the second inductor L2, respectively. The two ends of the seventh capacitor C7 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected to the other end of the first inductor L1 and the other end of the second inductor L2, respectively. The other end of the first inductor L1 and the other end of the second inductor L2 serve as the two output ports of the multi-stage filter unit and are connected to the two input ports of the operational amplifier unit. In the multi-stage filter unit, BAT± filters out the DC component through C5 and C6, leaving the AC carrier signal. Z1 and Z2 act as clamps to prevent instantaneous high voltage from entering the subsequent stage and causing failure of subsequent stage components. L1, L2, L3, C7, combined with R3, R4, and R5, form a multi-stage filter that selects the frequency of the carrier on the bus and filters out unnecessary interference waves.

[0040] The operational amplifier unit is used to amplify the filtered signal and send it to the AD port of the carrier MCU for sampling. Figure 3 As shown, the operational amplifier unit includes first to third operational amplifiers, sixth to thirteenth resistors, and an eighth capacitor C8. The non-inverting input terminals of the first and second operational amplifiers U1 and U2 are connected to the two output ports of the multi-order filter unit as the two input ports of the operational amplifier unit respectively. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 through the sixth resistor R6. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is also connected to the reference voltage V through the seventh and eighth resistors R7 and R8. ref. The inverting input terminal of the second op amp U2 is connected to the output terminal of the second op amp U2 through the ninth resistor R9, and the output terminal of the second op amp U2 is also connected to the output terminal of the third op amp U3 through the tenth and eleventh resistors R10 and R11. The inverting input terminal of the second op amp U2 is also connected to the inverting input terminal of the first op amp U1 through the twelfth resistor R12. The non-inverting input terminal of the third op amp U3 is connected between the seventh and eighth resistors R7 and R8, and the inverting input terminal is connected between the tenth and eleventh resistors R10 and R11. The output terminal of the third op amp U3 is connected to the AD port of the carrier MCU through the RC filtering circuit composed of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the eighth capacitor C8. In the op amp unit, the filtered signal is input to the high-speed op amps U1 and U2. These two op amps form a differential high-impedance input state for the signal, effectively reducing the load effect of the signal source and the circuit, keeping the amplitude of the input signal unaffected, and improving the ability to resist common-mode interference. U3 amplifies the signal and outputs it to the AD port of the carrier MCU for sampling. Finally, the carrier MCU is used to restore and demodulate the sampled signal to obtain the corresponding vehicle head function signal.

[0041] Optionally, when the resistance values of the sixth resistor and the ninth resistor are equal, and the resistance values of the seventh and eighth resistors are equal to the resistance values of the tenth and eleventh resistors, that is, R6=R9, R7=R8=R10=R11, the output signal V out The relationship between the input signal to the multi-order filter unit is:

[0042] V out =(V BAT+ -V BAT－ )(2*R6 / R 12 +1)+V ref

[0043] Among them, (V BAT+ -V BAT－ ) is the input signal (i.e. carrier signal) transmitted from the positive and negative lines of the power supply.

[0044] Existing communication methods such as serial ports and 485 realize data transmission through the level of high and low voltage. When there is interference, it is easy to cause data errors, such as Figure 4 As shown. In this embodiment, the carrier MCU uses a single chip microcomputer that can implement OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) modulation / demodulation. The first carrier module is based on OFDM modulation and can convert the head function signal in the time domain into a carrier signal in the frequency domain, such as Figure 5As shown. This application is essentially different from the serial port, 485 and other communications that realize signal transmission through electrical level. The modulation frequency of the carrier signal can be between 2 and 12 MHZ, or other more suitable frequency bands can be used according to different applications. That is, the carrier signal has multiple frequency bands. Even if one or a certain frequency band is interfered with, the data under this frequency band can be discarded during demodulation and the data of other frequency bands can be used. For example Figure 5 In the example, assuming that the frequency band f3 to f5 is interfered with, the data in this frequency band can be discarded and the data at frequencies f1, f2, f6, and f7 can be used. The network of electric two- and three-wheeled vehicles is a relatively closed communication network. It is impossible for all frequency bands to be interfered with at the same time. This greatly improves the data's anti-interference ability.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and variations directly derived or imagined by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention should be considered to be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication, characterized in that: It includes a first carrier module, a second carrier module and an electronic control MCU, and the two modules are connected by a positive and negative power line; The first carrier module is connected to each vehicle head function button, and is used to collect all vehicle head function signals and modulate them to obtain a carrier signal, and the carrier signal is transmitted to the second carrier module through the positive and negative power lines; The second carrier module is connected to the electronic control MCU and is used to demodulate the carrier signal to obtain a corresponding vehicle head function signal. The vehicle head function signal is transmitted to the electronic control MCU to implement a corresponding electronic control function.

2. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first carrier module includes a carrier MCU, first and second resistors, and first to fourth capacitors; The carrier MCU is used to modulate the vehicle head function signal to obtain a carrier signal; The carrier signal passes through the first resistor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor in sequence on one path and is connected to the negative power line; the carrier signal passes through the second resistor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor in sequence on the other path and is connected to the positive power line.

3. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second carrier module includes a multi-order filtering unit, an operational amplifier unit and a carrier MCU connected in sequence; The two input ports of the multi-stage filter unit are connected to the positive and negative power lines respectively, for selecting the frequency of the carrier signal and filtering out interference waves; The operational amplifier unit is used to amplify the filtered signal and send it to the AD port of the carrier MCU for sampling; The carrier MCU is used to restore and demodulate the sampled signal to obtain the corresponding head vehicle function signal.

4. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-stage filtering unit includes fifth to seventh capacitors, first and second bidirectional TVS diodes, third to fifth resistors, and first to third inductors; One end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the negative power line as an input port of the multi-order filtering unit, and the other end is connected to one end of the first inductor. One end of the first bidirectional TVS diode and one end of the third resistor are both connected to one end of the first inductor. One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the positive power line as another input port of the multi-order filtering unit, and the other end is connected to one end of the second inductor. One end of the second bidirectional TVS diode and one end of the fourth resistor are both connected to one end of the second inductor. The other ends of the first and second bidirectional TVS diodes and the other ends of the third and fourth resistors are all grounded. Two ends of the third inductor are respectively connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, two ends of the seventh capacitor and the fifth resistor are respectively connected to the other end of the first inductor and the other end of the second inductor, and the other end of the first inductor and the other end of the second inductor serve as two output ports of the multi-order filtering unit and are respectively connected to the two input ports of the operational amplifier unit.

5. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operational amplifier unit includes first to third operational amplifiers, sixth to thirteenth resistors, and an eighth capacitor; The non-inverting input terminals of the first and second operational amplifiers are connected to the two output ports of the multi-order filtering unit as the two input ports of the operational amplifier unit, respectively; the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier via a sixth resistor; and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is further connected to a reference voltage via a seventh and an eighth resistor; The inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier through a ninth resistor, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is further connected to the output terminal of the third operational amplifier through tenth and eleventh resistors; the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is further connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier through a twelfth resistor; The non-inverting input terminal of the third op amp is connected between the seventh and eighth resistors, the inverting input terminal is connected between the tenth and eleventh resistors, and the output terminal of the third op amp is connected to the AD port of the carrier MCU through an RC filter circuit composed of a thirteenth resistor and an eighth capacitor.

6. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the resistance values of the sixth resistor and the ninth resistor are equal, and the resistance values of the seventh and eighth resistors are equal to the resistance values of the tenth and eleventh resistors, the output signal V out The relationship between the input signal input to the multi-stage filtering unit is: V out =(V BAT+ -V BAT－ )(2*R6 / R 12 +1)+V ref ; Among them, (V BAT+ -V BAT－ ) is the input signal transmitted from the positive and negative lines of the power supply, R6 is the resistance value of the sixth resistor, R 12 is the resistance value of the twelfth resistor, V ref is the reference voltage.

7. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first carrier module is used to convert the vehicle head function signal in the time domain into a carrier signal in the frequency domain. The carrier signal has multiple frequency bands, so that it has a certain anti-interference ability during transmission.

8. The electric control device for an electric vehicle based on power line communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle front function signals include instrument signal, reverse signal, gear shift signal, cruise signal, P gear signal, charging signal, side stand signal and brake signal; The instrument signals include a throttle signal, a wheel movement signal, an anti-theft signal and a one-line signal.

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