Strong electromagnetic protection device and electronic reconnaissance device
By introducing an antenna cover with energy selection function into the electronic reconnaissance device, the damage problem of the electronic reconnaissance device under high-intensity electromagnetic radiation is solved, and the effect of improving protection capabilities and reducing processing difficulty without changing the equipment structure is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422586552.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing electronic reconnaissance devices are susceptible to damage when faced with high-intensity electromagnetic energy radiation, and the protection module of the waveguide structure is difficult to directly apply, resulting in tight space inside the equipment and high difficulty in processing and transformation.
The radome with energy selection function, including a dielectric substrate, a PIN diode structure and a metal structure, uses a strong electromagnetic protection device composed of quartz cloth and polymer layer, which can transmit signals in a low loss state and switch to the off state when the high-intensity electromagnetic energy is switched to prevent energy from entering the radio frequency front end.
Effectively protect the safety of the radio frequency link of the electronic reconnaissance device, reduce processing difficulty and cost, and maintain normal signal reception under low-intensity electromagnetic radiation, improving the protection capability of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223218451U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electromagnetic protection, in particular to a strong electromagnetic protection device and an electronic reconnaissance device. Background Art
[0002] Modern battlefields are rife with electromagnetic signals of varying frequency bands, waveforms, and intensities, encompassing a wide range of equipment, including communications, reconnaissance, and navigation. Electronic reconnaissance is essential to isolate enemy equipment emissions from this multitude and effectively monitor their electromagnetic movements. With advances in communications and anti-interference technologies, "low-to-zero power" has become the trend in the development of military electronic equipment such as radar, communications, and navigation, resulting in increasingly smaller radiated power. To intercept signals of interest from this vast multitude of low-power signals, electronic reconnaissance receivers are becoming increasingly sensitive and integrated.
[0003] Electromagnetic weapons are a new type of weapon, utilizing highly directional, high-power microwave beams to damage targets. Due to the relatively low technical threshold for electromagnetic pulse sources, an increasing number of countries have deployed electromagnetic weapons. However, sensitive electronic reconnaissance receivers are susceptible to damage from the intense electromagnetic energy. Furthermore, due to the wide bandwidth of electronic reconnaissance receivers, various electromagnetic pulse waveforms, such as HEMP, HPM, and UWB, can couple into them, interfering with or even damaging them.
[0004] Current electromagnetic protection for electronic reconnaissance equipment primarily involves adding a protection module with limiting and filtering functions to the receiver's RF front end. This method improves the overall protection capabilities of reconnaissance equipment by adding an additional protection module. However, in actual electromagnetic reinforcement, two problems exist: First, after the design and finalization of existing reconnaissance equipment, the internal space is very tight, leaving insufficient space for the electromagnetic protection module; second, the antenna rear end of some reconnaissance equipment is a waveguide structure, making it difficult to directly apply existing protection modules to this waveguide structure. The processing and modification work is labor-intensive and difficult, making it difficult to implement while maintaining reconnaissance reception performance. To address these two issues, the present invention proposes a method for replacing or adding an radome with an energy-selective function. When the incident electromagnetic wave energy is low, the signal penetrates the radome with low loss, thereby ensuring that the reconnaissance equipment can normally detect and receive signals from space targets. When strong electromagnetic energy is irradiated in space, the radome switches from a low-loss state to a closed state, reflecting the electromagnetic energy back into space. This effectively prevents strong electromagnetic energy from coupling through the antenna into the RF front end of the reconnaissance receiver and damaging the receiver. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a strong electromagnetic protection device and an electronic reconnaissance device, introduce the energy selection concept into the strong electromagnetic radiation protection application of the electronic reconnaissance device, and apply the antenna cover with energy selection function to the strong electromagnetic protection measures of the electronic reconnaissance device, so as to effectively ensure the safety of the radio frequency link at the back end of the antenna.
[0006] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a strong electromagnetic protection device, including a selective structure, a polymer layer and a quartz cloth. The polymer layer and the quartz cloth are arranged on both sides of the selective structure, and the quartz cloth is arranged on the outside of the polymer layer. The selective structure includes a dielectric substrate, a diode structure and a metal structure. The metal structure is arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the metal structures are connected by a diode structure.
[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metal structure is a metal strip structure, which is an optional structure suitable for communication reconnaissance equipment.
[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metal structure is a metal cross structure, which is an optional structure suitable for radar reconnaissance equipment.
[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the polymer layer is made of PMI foam, and the selected PMI foam must have both low loss and high temperature resistance properties.
[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific form of the selectable structure can be designed specifically according to the target equipment to be protected.
[0011] Optionally, the strong electromagnetic protection device is box-shaped as a whole, or the strong electromagnetic protection device is plate-shaped as a whole, and the plate is an arc-shaped plate or a straight plate.
[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric loss tangent of the quartz cloth must be sufficiently small, and the optional parameter is 0.0001-0.001.
[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the metal structure is 0.5-3 mm.
[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the metal structure is 3-6 mm.
[0015] An electronic reconnaissance device comprises the above-mentioned strong electromagnetic protection device.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
[0017] In this scheme, the concept of energy selection is introduced into the design of the radome of the electronic reconnaissance device through a strong electromagnetic protection device composed of an energy-selective structure, a polymer layer and quartz cloth. Without affecting the reception of target signals by the electronic reconnaissance device, it effectively blocks strong electromagnetic energy from coupling from the antenna into the RF front end of the reconnaissance equipment and damaging sensitive devices. When there is no strong electromagnetic energy radiation in the space, the electromagnetic signal can pass through the radome with low loss and enter the electronic reconnaissance receiver, and then be intercepted and analyzed by the electronic reconnaissance receiver; when strong electromagnetic energy reaches the surface of the radome, the radome changes from an open state to a closed state, and the strong electromagnetic signal cannot pass through the radome to the antenna back-end RF link, effectively ensuring the safety of the antenna back-end RF link; compared with limiting and filtering protection modules, it has a higher power handling capacity, and uses quartz cloth, basic circuit boards, diodes and other materials, with low processing difficulty and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a strong electromagnetic protection device;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional diagram of a strong electromagnetic protection device;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the strong electromagnetic protection device in Example 1;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional structure in Example 1;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the strong electromagnetic protection device in Example 2;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an optional structure in Example 2;
[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the protection and wave transmission states of the device in Example 1;
[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the protection and wave transmission status of the device in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following description is intended only to disclose the present invention and to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. The embodiments described below are provided for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention as defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
[0028] Example 1:
[0029] A strong electromagnetic protection device, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 It includes an optional structure 1, a polymer layer 2 and a quartz cloth 3. The polymer layer 2 adopts PMI foam. The quartz cloth 3, the polymer layer 2, the optional structure 1, the polymer layer 2 and the quartz cloth 3 are arranged in sequence to form a 5-layer structure.
[0030] Preferably, the dielectric loss tangent parameter of the quartz cloth 3 is 0.0004.
[0031] The specific form of the strong electromagnetic protection device can be designed according to the target equipment to be protected, such as box-shaped or plate-shaped.
[0032] The optional structure 1 includes a dielectric substrate 12 , a PIN diode structure 13 and a metal structure. The metal structure is arranged on the dielectric substrate 12 , and the metal structures are connected through the PIN diode structure 13 .
[0033] In this embodiment, it is an optional structure suitable for communication reconnaissance equipment, such as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The strong electromagnetic protection device is box-shaped as a whole, the antenna module is set inside, the metal structure is a metal strip structure 11, and its parameters are: width w is 3mm, length D2 is 5mm, the gap length s of the loading diode is 0.6mm, and the horizontal spacing D1 is 8mm.
[0034] When in use, the wave-transmitting state and protection state are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The upper middle line indicates the wave-transmitting state, and the lower middle line indicates the protection state.
[0035] Table 1 Communication reconnaissance radome protection effectiveness test results
[0036] Irradiation field strength (kV / m) 5.8 12.2 17.0 25.0 40.0 Protection effectiveness (dB) 11.8 15.5 17.8 19.1 24.2
[0037] This solution incorporates the concept of energy selection into the design of strong electromagnetic radiation protection for electronic reconnaissance equipment. This design incorporates an energy-selective radome, eliminating the need to modify the internal structure of the standard equipment and significantly simplifying the electromagnetic hardening process. Compared to limiting and filtering protection modules, this design offers a higher power handling capability. Furthermore, it utilizes conventional materials such as quartz cloth, basic circuit boards, and diodes, making its fabrication process simple and cost-effective.
[0038] Example 2:
[0039] The difference from Example 1 is that in this embodiment, it is an optional structure suitable for radar reconnaissance equipment, and the strong electromagnetic protection device is in the shape of an arc plate as a whole, such as Figure 5 、 Figure 6The metal structure is a metal cross structure 14, whose parameters are a width w of 1.2 mm, a length D2 of 4.2 mm, and a gap length s of the loaded diode of 0.6 mm.
[0040] When in use, the wave-transmitting state and protection state are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The upper middle line indicates the wave-transmitting state, and the lower middle line indicates the protection state.
[0041] Table 2 Radar reconnaissance radome protection effectiveness test results
[0042] Irradiation field strength (kV / m) 5.8 12.2 17.0 22.7 30.0 Protection effectiveness (dB) 18.1 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.5
[0043] An electronic reconnaissance device includes the strong electromagnetic protection device in any of the above embodiments. The strong electromagnetic protection device serves as a radome and is arranged outside the antenna module of the electronic reconnaissance device.
[0044] Since electronic reconnaissance equipment only needs to receive electromagnetic energy in space and does not need to radiate high-power electromagnetic energy, it is a typical application scenario for energy selection. When the low-field strength reconnaissance target signal reaches the antenna aperture, the radome passband is in the open state, and the target signal penetrates the radome with low loss, ensuring that the antenna can normally receive the electromagnetic signal of the space target; when strong electromagnetic radiation energy reaches the surface of the radome, the radome passband is closed, and the strong electromagnetic energy cannot penetrate the radome, preventing it from entering the interior of the reconnaissance equipment through the antenna, thereby ensuring that the RF front-end sensitive devices are protected from damage by strong electromagnetic energy.
[0045] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are intended only as examples and do not limit the present invention. The objectives of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and illustrated in the embodiments. Any variations and modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the principles described.
Claims
1. A strong electromagnetic protection device, characterized by: The invention comprises a selectable structure (1), a polymer layer (2) and a quartz cloth (3), wherein the polymer layer (2) and the quartz cloth (3) are arranged on both sides of the selectable structure (1), and the quartz cloth (3) is arranged on the outside of the polymer layer (2). The selectable structure (1) comprises a dielectric substrate (12), a diode structure (13) and a metal structure, wherein the metal structure is arranged on the dielectric substrate (12), and the metal structures are connected via the diode structure (13).
2. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal structure is a metal strip structure (11).
3. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal structure is a metal cross structure (14).
4. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The polymer layer (2) is made of PMI foam.
5. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The strong electromagnetic protection device is box-shaped as a whole.
6. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The strong electromagnetic protection device is generally in the shape of a plate.
7. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dielectric loss tangent parameter of the quartz cloth (3) is 0.0001-0.
001.
8. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The width of the metal structure is 0.5-3 mm.
9. The strong electromagnetic protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length of the metal structure is 3-6 mm.
10. An electronic reconnaissance device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the strong electromagnetic protection device described in any one of claims 1 to 9.