Multi-hearth circulating fluidization and activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-hearth circulating fluidization and activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method, and relates to the field of activated carbon preparation of an activation furnace and a waste activated carbon thermal regeneration device. The device comprises a sealed spiral conveyor, a feeding pipe, a baffling type air cap, a pneumatic conveying medium inlet, a distributing device, a discharging pipe, a discharging pipe, a material cooling machine, a top gas mixer, a cyclone separator, a material returning device, a slag discharging pipe, a gas case, a bottom gas air cap and a slag cooling machine. Through the cyclone separator, carbonaceous semi-coke particles with the particle size larger than 100 micrometers are captured, activating agent gas flow is recycled from the lower hearth to the material layer of the upper hearth through the baffling type air cap, and granular carbonaceous materials flow into the material layer of the lower hearth through the discharging pipe after being fluidized and activated from the upper hearth and are continuously fluidized and activated for product collection; the activating agent is saved, and meanwhile, the activated carbon yield of a carbonaceous raw material is increased, so that the integrated furnace device is more environment-friendly and economical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of activated carbon preparation in an activation furnace and a waste activated carbon thermal regeneration device, in particular to a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are a variety of furnace types and activation processes for the physical activation of activated carbon, the main furnace types being the Slep furnace, rotary furnace, and rake furnace. The activation process involves contact between the activating gas and the surface of the solid particles, where the activator gas diffuses into the carbon layer. Consequently, existing furnace types suffer from slow activation speeds, long activation times, and poor product quality consistency. Furthermore, existing furnace types are bulky and expensive. The commonly used Slep furnace is complex in structure, has long start-up and shutdown times, low steam utilization, and high steam consumption. The greatest drawbacks of rotary activation furnaces are high energy consumption and low unit volume output. Rake furnaces are expensive and have a long construction period. Heat-resistant steel must be imported from abroad, and there are certain dead zones during activation. Furthermore, none of the above activation furnaces are capable of activating powdered carbonaceous raw materials.

[0003] As the use of activated carbon increases, the demand for the regeneration of spent activated carbon is growing. Regeneration of spent activated carbon has broad prospects for reducing carbon emissions. Currently, there are two types of furnaces for thermal regeneration of spent activated carbon: rake furnaces and rotary furnaces. Both require external fuel gas, can only regenerate granular spent activated carbon, are highly selective in particle size, consume a lot of energy, and significantly degrade the quality of the activated carbon after thermal regeneration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies and to provide a physical activated carbon activation and thermal regeneration device with a gas-solid fluidized contact method, and to provide a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace for preparing activated carbon by the physical method. The invention is a fluidized activation device with direct gas-solid contact, and is also an advanced multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace for preparing activated carbon; so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption of existing furnaces for thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon and obvious degradation of the quality of activated carbon after thermal regeneration.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method is provided, the device comprising:

[0007] Sealed screw conveyor, feed pipe, distributor, discharge pipe, discharge pipe, cooler, top gas mixer, cyclone separator, return feeder, slag discharge pipe, gas box, slag cooler;

[0008] The material enters the distributor through the sealed screw conveyor through the feed pipe; enters the first layer of the furnace material layer for fluidization and activation; after the set residence time for fluidization and activation, it enters the next layer of the furnace fluidized material layer through the discharge pipe for deep fluidization and activation, until it is discharged from the integrated furnace body through the discharge pipe and enters the cooler for indirect cooling and collection;

[0009] The number of furnaces in this part can be increased, and generally the best number of furnaces is 2-4.

[0010] The high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the bottom furnace fluidized material layer of the multi-hearth furnace through the gas box and the air hood. While serving as a fluidizing medium, it also provides high-temperature water vapor activator for the furnace fluidized material layer.

[0011] The waste slag in each furnace waste slag area moves through the slag lowering pipe into the next furnace waste slag area until it is discharged from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe of the lowest furnace waste slag area and collected by the slag cooler;

[0012] The activated tail gas enters the cyclone separator to separate the solid and gas, and the gas enters the subsequent treatment; the solid returns to the multi-hearth furnace for fluidized activation through the return feeder;

[0013] specific;

[0014] The device includes a silo, a sealed screw conveyor, a feed pipe, a multi-chamber furnace, a discharge pipe, a cooler, a gas box and a hood, a pneumatic conveying medium inlet, a cyclone separator, a return device, a distributor, a top gas mixer, a jacketed hood, a slag discharge pipe, a discharge pipe, a baffle hood, and a slag cooler;

[0015] Each layer of the multi-hearth furnace is also provided with an ash and slag area and a fluidized working material layer;

[0016] After the device is started, the carbonaceous material is conveyed by a sealed screw conveyor from the silo through the feed pipe into the distributor; then it enters the first furnace; after the set residence time in the first furnace for fluidization activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous solid is discharged through the discharge pipe into the next furnace working material layer for another deep fluidization activation. After the specific gravity of the carbonaceous particles decreases, due to the effects of gas pressure and their own gravity, they are discharged downward through the discharge pipe into the next furnace layer for further fluidization activation. After the activation is qualified, they are discharged from the furnace of the set furnace layer through the discharge pipe to the outside of the furnace and collected by the cooler;

[0017] Large-sized carbonaceous solids and non-fluidizable waste slag such as gangue enter the ash slag area, move through the slag lowering pipe to the ash slag area of the next furnace, and are discharged from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe of the lowest furnace to be collected by the slag cooler;

[0018] Carbonaceous solid particles with small particle size and activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator to separate solids and gases, and the gases enter subsequent treatment; the solids return to the multi-hearth furnace through the return feeder to continue fluidization and activation; the activated tail gas and a portion of carbonaceous solid particles with small particle size discharged from the upper first-layer furnace enter the cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, and the carbonaceous solids after separation are returned to the upper furnace to continue fluidization and activation; the activated gas is cooled by the gas / gas heat exchange device, and the air and steam are preheated at the same time, and then the cooled gas is collected by the bag dust collector to form powdered activated carbon with finer particle size and quality; the cooled activated tail gas enters the gas treatment process for gas recycling or external transmission; the activated tail gas can also be directly incinerated, and the sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is collected by the preheater and the waste heat boiler to be used to purify the qualified flue gas for atmospheric discharge;

[0019] Part of the activator gas is added through the annular steam inlet on the furnace wall of each furnace, and the high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the fluidized material layer in the bottom furnace of the multi-hearth furnace through the gas box and the wind hood. While serving as the high-temperature fluidizing medium, the high-temperature water vapor also serves as the activator gas. The high-temperature gas between the furnaces enters the upper fluidized material layer from the lower furnace through the deflection wind hood that passes through the furnace bottom plate.

[0020] The deflection hoods evenly arranged at the bottom of the furnace can prevent carbonaceous solids from returning to the lower furnace, ensuring that the high-temperature airflow passes evenly and upward through the fluidized material layer; the slag lowering pipes of adjacent furnaces are evenly and cross-arranged on the same circumference when viewed from a top view, which facilitates uniform and smooth slag discharge. The slag lowering pipes are inserted from the bottom of the upper furnace downward into the slag in the slag discharge area of the next furnace layer.

[0021] Furthermore, the device also includes a spare silo and a spare sealed screw conveyor; before feeding, the material in the spare silo enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor, and the device is started to enter a high-temperature fluidization state.

[0022] Furthermore, the device also includes an annular steam supply inlet and an annular air supply inlet on the furnace wall; water vapor is evenly supplied to the annular steam supply inlet on the furnace wall; air is evenly supplied to the annular air supply inlet on the furnace wall; water vapor is evenly supplied as an activator gas to maintain the activator concentration of the fluidized material layer in the upper furnace layer, and the oxygen in the air is evenly supplied to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction with the upward activated tail gas, providing high-temperature gas sensible heat for the activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous solids in the upper furnace material layer, maintaining the continuous and stable progress of the activation reaction of the upper furnace layer, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas formed at the same time also serves as a gas activator for the activation reaction of the upper layer; the high-temperature mixed gas flows through the deflection hoods evenly arranged on the furnace bottom plate and penetrates the furnace to enter the upper fluidized material layer for fluidization activation with the carbonaceous particles in the upper furnace layer.

[0023] Furthermore, in the device, in the same furnace, the lower end of the upper furnace discharge pipe immersed in the fluidized material layer is lower than the upper end of the same layer discharge pipe; this is to reduce the mixing of raw and clinker carbonaceous solid particles, so that the high-temperature carbonaceous solid particles entering this layer of furnace from the upper layer of furnace can stay for the set fluidization activation reaction time.

[0024] Furthermore, in the device, the upper end of the slag lowering pipe is flush with the bottom of the corresponding furnace, and the lower end of the slag lowering pipe is immersed in the ash and slag area of the next furnace layer. The slag lowering pipe is positioned based on the slag repose angle formed by the edge of the furnace wall where the horizontal airflow is discharged from the deflection hood and the bottom slag outlet, with the horizontal inclination angle being greater than 45 degrees. The number of slag pipes per layer exceeds 4 and is evenly arranged around the circumference. This minimizes the slag discharge blind area in the slag area, allowing for smoother slag discharge when the furnace pressure fluctuates, maintaining smooth circulation of high-temperature airflow from bottom to top through the deflection hood, and maintaining continuous and stable fluidization and activation in each furnace. The slag discharge blind area in the slag area is cleaned and repaired during furnace shutdown.

[0025] Furthermore, in the device, the distributor should be in the fluidized material layer of the first furnace.

[0026] The discharge pipes of adjacent furnaces of the utility model are arranged crosswise on the same circumference (when viewed from above), which is convenient for smooth discharge. The high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow from the fluidized material layer of the upper furnace through the discharge pipes into the fluidized material layer of the next furnace in sequence until they are activated into qualified activated carbon products and then discharged from the furnace body and indirectly cooled by the cooler before being collected. The second furnace can discharge the activated carbon directly from the furnace wall / or through the discharge pipe through the bottom furnace to the outside at the corresponding discharge pipe height, and the finished activated carbon is collected by the cooler.

[0027] The discharge pipe, feed pipe, slag discharge pipe and air hood required for each furnace of the utility model are all made of high-temperature resistant alloy materials to provide mechanical properties, and are covered with high-temperature resistant / wear-resistant / corrosion-resistant ceramic materials inside and outside. The expansion joint is filled with high-temperature resistant fiber, so that these components can be used for a long time and stably.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing activated carbon by physical method is provided, the method comprising:

[0029] Step 1: Before feeding, the material in the spare silo enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor, and the device is started to enter the high-temperature fluidization state;

[0030] Step 2: After the device is started, the material enters the distributor from the silo through the feed pipe by a sealed screw conveyor; then enters the first layer of furnace fluidized material layer; under the action of gas pressure and the solid's own gravity, it evenly falls into the first layer of furnace fluidized material layer of the integrated activation furnace; after the first layer of furnace is fluidized and activated for a set residence time, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles are discharged through the discharge pipe into the next layer of furnace working condition fluidized material layer for another deep fluidization activation; as the activation reaction proceeds, the specific surface area of the carbonaceous particles increases, the pore volume increases, and the specific gravity gradually decreases. Under the action of the gas fluidized medium, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow out from the furnace through the discharge pipe to the fluidized material layer of the lower furnace under the action of gravity, until they are discharged from the furnace body and collected after indirect cooling by the cooler;

[0031] Step 3: Large particles and non-carbon impurities such as gangue that are difficult to fluidize enter the ash slag area, move through the slag lowering pipe into the ash slag area of the next furnace, and finally discharge from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe in the bottom furnace slag area and are indirectly cooled by the slag cooler before being collected;

[0032] In step 4, the carbonaceous particles with small particle size and the activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator to separate the solid and gas, and the gas enters the subsequent treatment process; the solid carbonaceous particles with larger particle size return to the multi-hearth furnace through the steam return feeder to continue fluidization activation, and the activated tail gas is indirectly cooled and then collected in the bag dust collector as powdered activated carbon;

[0033] In step five, a portion of the activator gas is evenly added through the annular water vapor supply inlet on the furnace wall of each furnace, and the high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the fluidized material layer of the bottom furnace of the multi-hearth furnace from the gas box through the connected wind hood. While serving as the gas fluidizing medium, the water vapor in the mixed gas also serves as a gas activator. The oxygen in the air supplied from the annular air supply inlet on the furnace wall reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward-moving activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction. The high-temperature gas rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide gas flows through the deflection wind hoods evenly arranged on the furnace bottom plate and penetrates the furnace bottom from the lower layer into the upper fluidized material layer. While serving as the fluidizing medium of the upper furnace fluidized material layer, the high-temperature water vapor and the generated carbon dioxide serve as gas activators for the upper furnace fluidized material layer.

[0034] Furthermore, the activator gas is water vapor and carbon dioxide.

[0035] The ceramic materials applied to various pipes of the utility model are suitable for gas and solid environments with activation reactions (high temperature of 850-950℃), and are resistant to water vapor corrosion and sulfur-hydrogen corrosion;

[0036] The utility model performs fluidization activation on the high-temperature carbonaceous particles in the bottom furnace, and while maintaining continuous fluidization activation of the material, continuously provides the upper furnace with the gas activator required for activation and the activated tail gas as energy; the carbonaceous semi-coke fine powder returned by the cyclone separator can also continuously provide high-temperature solid carbonaceous material for returning to the furnace, which can better maintain the material temperature of the fluidized material layer in the furnace so that the activation reaction can proceed continuously and stably.

[0037] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0038] The utility model makes full use of the advantages of mass transfer and heat transfer of the circulating fluidized bed, and designs a multi-furnace circulating fluidized activation structure, so that the activation reaction of solid carbonaceous particles is uniform. The multi-furnace design reduces the mixing problem of carbonaceous solid particles in the fluidized bed reactor. The relative residence time of solid particles in the furnace is consistent, and the residence time of each furnace can be adjusted and controlled according to the height and diameter of the discharge pipe of the furnace of this layer. The material temperature can be controlled, the output per unit volume is large, the activation efficiency is high, the utilization efficiency of the water vapor activator is high, energy saving and environmental protection are provided, the prepared powdered and granular activated carbon has stable and uniform quality, the finished product conversion rate of fixed carbon in the carbonaceous semi-coke material is high, and granular and powdered carbonaceous raw materials can be used, so that the circulating fluidized bed has broad prospects in the field of preparing activated carbon from carbonaceous materials and thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon.

[0039] The utility model is designed with a carbonaceous particle circulating water vapor return device, which captures carbonaceous semi-coke particles with a particle size greater than 100 microns through a cyclone separator, enters the corresponding furnace for supplementary activation, and then partially discharged from the discharge pipe. The remaining particles are reduced in size and indirectly cooled with the high-temperature activated tail gas and then collected by a bag dust collector, thereby increasing the activated carbon yield of the carbonaceous raw materials and making the integrated furnace system more environmentally friendly and economical.

[0040] The utility model discloses a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace for preparing activated carbon by a physical method, which fully utilizes the advantages of the fluidized bed for fast mass and heat transfer, while greatly reducing the mixing of carbonaceous solid particles, achieving a high utilization rate of the gas activator, a short activation time, a uniform reaction, energy saving, and an improved yield of activated carbon, thereby being able to prepare high-quality activated carbon.

[0041] The utility model can also simultaneously prepare activated carbon from two different carbonaceous raw materials. When thermally regenerating waste granular and powdered activated carbon, no external gas supply is required, and the joint production of activated carbon preparation and activated carbon thermal regeneration can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0043] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended solely to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in size, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall remain within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0044] Figure 1 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 2 An enlarged view of the baffle hood provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 3 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 4 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 3 of the present utility model;

[0048] Figure 5 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 4 of the present utility model;

[0049] Figure 6 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 5 of the present utility model;

[0050] Figure 7 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 6 of the present utility model;

[0051] Figure 8 A diagram of a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by a physical method provided in Example 7 of the present utility model;

[0052] In the figure: 1- silo; 2- sealed screw conveyor; 3- spare silo; 4- spare sealed screw conveyor; 5- multi-chamber furnace; 51- working fluidized material layer; 52- ash and slag area; 53- furnace wall annular steam supply inlet; 54- furnace wall annular air supply inlet; 55- furnace floor; 56- slag repose angle;

[0053] 6-discharge pipe; 7-cooler; 7-1 cooler; 8-gas chassis; 9-feed pipe; 10-pneumatic conveying medium inlet; 10-1-first pneumatic conveying medium inlet; 10-2-second pneumatic conveying medium inlet; 11-top gas mixer; 11-1-first mixer; 11-2-second mixer; 12-cyclone separator; 13-steam return feeder; 14-distributor; 15-jacketed air hood; 16-slag pipe; 16-1-upper furnace slag pipe; 16-2-main furnace slag pipe;

[0054] 17-feeding pipe, 18-baffled air hood; 18-1-bottom gas air hood; 19-slag cooler; 19-1-slag outlet; 20-bottom gas mixer; 21-air preheater; 22-secondary air blower; 23-steam superheater; 24-bag dust collector; 25-blower; 26-incinerator; 27-Roots blower; 28-mixer preheater; 29-waste heat steam boiler; 30-induced draft fan; 30-1-first induced draft fan; 30-2-second induced draft fan; 31-gas distribution cylinder; 32-economizer; 33-chimney; 34-high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower; 35-lower furnace silo; 36-lower furnace screw conveyor; 37-gas intercooler; 38-high-pressure blower; 39-burner; 40-bellows; 41-gas machine box; 42-powder collection tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method:

[0058] The device is composed of three layers of furnace;

[0059] It includes a silo 1, a sealed screw conveyor 2, a feed pipe 9, a multi-hearth furnace 5, a discharge pipe 6, a cooler 7, a gas chassis 8, a pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10, a cyclone separator 12, a steam return device 13, a distributor 14, a top gas mixer 11, a jacketed hood 15, a slag discharge pipe 16, a discharge pipe 17, a baffle hood 18, a bottom gas hood 18-1; a slag cooler 19, and a bottom gas mixer 20.

[0060] The upper furnace layer lower slag pipe 16-1 and the furnace lower slag pipe 16-2 are arranged on the same circumference in a top view, cross-evenly, and when there are four pipes on each layer, the four pipes form a square.

[0061] Each layer of the multi-hearth furnace is also provided with an ash and slag area 52 and a working fluidized material layer 51;

[0062] After the device is started, the material is conveyed by the sealed screw conveyor 2 from the silo 1 through the feed pipe 9 into the distributor 14; then it enters the first furnace; after fluidization activation for a set residence time in the first furnace, the high-temperature carbonaceous solid flows through the discharge pipe 17 into the second furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 for another deep fluidization activation. After the specific gravity decreases, due to the effect of its own gravity, it flows downward through the discharge pipe 17 into the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 for further fluidization activation. After the set fluidization activation time, it is discharged from the furnace through the discharge pipe 6 and indirectly cooled by the cooler 7 before being collected.

[0063] Large-sized carbonaceous particles and gangue-like waste slag that are difficult to fluidize enter the ash slag area 52 of the first furnace, enter the ash slag area 52 of the second furnace through the slag lowering pipe 16, and finally are discharged from the bottom furnace ash slag area 52 to the slag cooler 19 for indirect cooling and collection.

[0064] Small-sized carbonaceous solid particles and exhaust gas enter the cyclone separator 12, where solids and gases are separated, and the gases enter subsequent treatment; the solids are returned to the multi-chamber circulation furnace through the steam return device 13 for further fluidization and activation; that is, the activated gas and a portion of small-sized solid particles in the upper furnace enter the cyclone separator 12, and the carbonaceous solids after gas-solid separation are returned to the fluidized material layer of the first furnace for fluidization and activation; the gas is cooled by the heat exchange device, while the air and steam are preheated;

[0065] The bottom gas is mixed by the bottom gas mixer 20 and enters the gas box 8 and enters the bottom working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1. The water vapor gas activator follows the high-temperature air flow through the deflection hood 18 that passes through the furnace bottom plate 55 and enters the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 from the lower furnace in turn.

[0066] The deflection hood 18 that passes through the furnace bottom plate 55 can prevent solids from returning to the lower furnace, ensuring that the high-temperature airflow passes evenly and upward through the working fluidized material layer 51; the lower slag pipes of adjacent furnace layers are evenly cross-arranged on the same circumference when viewed from above, which facilitates uniform and smooth slag discharge. The lower slag pipe 16 is inserted from the bottom of the upper furnace downward into the slag in the ash area of the next furnace layer.

[0067] Furthermore, the device also includes a spare silo 3 and a spare sealed screw conveyor 4; before feeding, the material in the spare silo 3 enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4, and the device is started to enter a high-temperature fluidization state.

[0068] Furthermore, the device also includes an annular water vapor supply inlet 53 and an annular air supply inlet 54 on the furnace wall; water vapor is supplied as an activator gas to maintain the activator concentration in the upper furnace fluidized material layer, and oxygen in the supplied air reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward-moving activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, providing gas sensible heat as energy for the activation endothermic reaction in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, thereby maintaining the continuous progress of the activation reaction. At the same time, the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas generated also serves as an activator gas, and the high-temperature air flow rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide gas passes through the deflection hood 18 that passes through the furnace bottom plate 55 and enters the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51 to undergo a fluidization activation endothermic reaction with the solid carbonaceous particles.

[0069] Furthermore, in the device, in the same furnace, the lower end of the upper layer discharge pipe 17 is positioned lower than the upper end of the discharge pipe on the same layer.

[0070] Furthermore, in the device, the upper end of the slag lowering pipe 16 is flush with the furnace floor 55, and the lower end of the slag lowering pipe 16 is submerged in the slag area 52 of the next furnace layer. The upper end of the slag lowering pipe 16 is positioned relative to the edge of the furnace wall where air flows horizontally, forming a slag repose angle 56 with a horizontal inclination angle greater than 45 degrees. Each layer has more than four slag pipes, evenly spaced around the circumference. This minimizes the blind spot in the slag area 52, allowing for smoother slag discharge during furnace pressure fluctuations. The blind spot in the slag area can be cleaned and inspected during furnace shutdowns.

[0071] Furthermore, in the device, the height of the distributor 14 should be below the fluidized material layer 51 of the first furnace working condition.

[0072] In this embodiment, the discharge pipes 17 of adjacent furnaces (viewed from above) are arranged crosswise on the same circumference to facilitate smooth discharge of materials until they are activated into qualified activated carbon products and discharged from the bottom furnace body and indirectly cooled by the cooler 7 before being collected.

[0073] The discharge pipe 17, feed pipe 9, slag discharge pipe 16, jacketed hood 15, deflector hood 18, and bottom gas hood 18-1 required for each furnace in this embodiment are all made of high-temperature resistant alloy materials to provide mechanical properties, and are coated with high-temperature resistant / wear-resistant / corrosion-resistant ceramic materials inside and outside. The expansion joints are filled with high-temperature resistant fibers so that these components can be used for a long time and stably.

[0074] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing activated carbon, the method comprising:

[0075] Step 1: Before feeding, the material in the spare silo 3 enters the device through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4, and the device is started to enter the high-temperature fluidization state;

[0076] Step 2: After the device is started, the material is conveyed from the silo to the distributor 14 via the sealed screw conveyor 2 through the feed pipe 9; and then enters the first layer of the furnace; the air enters the first layer of the multi-hearth furnace through the top gas mixer 11 and the jacketed hood 15. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction. The high-temperature flue gas quickly transfers heat to the carbonaceous solids, and at the same time, the carbonaceous solids react with the upward high-temperature activator to produce an activation reaction; the carbonaceous particles are fluidized and activated in the first layer of the furnace after a set residence time. The fluidized gas medium gas pressure and Under the action of the gravity of the carbonaceous solids, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles flow through the discharge pipe 17 into the second-layer furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 for another deep fluidization activation. As the activation reaction proceeds, the specific surface area of the particles increases, the pore volume increases, and the specific gravity gradually decreases. Under the fluidized working condition, the particles flow out from the furnace through the discharge pipe 17 to the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 under the action of the gas fluidizing medium and gravity. After the set residence time in the bottom working condition fluidized material layer 51, they are discharged from the bottom furnace, the furnace body is indirectly cooled by the cooler 7, and then collected;

[0077] Step 3: Large-sized carbonaceous solids and gangue and other waste slag that are difficult to fluidize enter the ash slag area 52, enter the ash slag area 52 of the second furnace through the slag lowering pipe 16, and then enter the ash slag area 52 of the bottom furnace in turn, and are discharged from the furnace body through the slag lowering pipe and enter the slag cooler 19 for cooling and collection;

[0078] Step 4: The small-sized carbonaceous particles and activated tail gas enter the cyclone separator 12 to separate the solid and gas, and the gas enters the subsequent treatment; the solid returns to the multi-hearth furnace through the return device 13 to continue fluidization activation;

[0079] Step five, the activator gas enters the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace from the bottom through the gas box 8 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, and after the activation reaction, water vapor is added through the annular water vapor supply inlet 53 on the furnace wall, and then flows with the high-temperature air flow through the deflection hood 18 that passes through the furnace bottom plate 55, and enters the second furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 from the bottom furnace, and after the activation reaction with the carbonaceous solid in the second furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, water vapor is evenly added again through the annular water vapor supply inlet 53 of the second furnace, and then enters the first furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the deflection hood 18 that is evenly arranged through the furnace bottom plate 55 of the first furnace, and performs fluidization activation with the carbonaceous solid in the first fluidized material layer.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown in the enlarged view of the deflection hood 18, the high-temperature airflow rich in water vapor and carbon dioxide activator passes through the deflection hood 18 evenly arranged at the bottom of the furnace and penetrates the furnace, and then is evenly discharged horizontally into the working fluidized material layer 51.

[0081] Furthermore, the activator gas is water vapor and / or carbon dioxide.

[0082] The ceramic materials applied externally to various pipes of the utility model are suitable for gas and solid environments with activation reactions (high temperature of 850-950° C.), and are resistant to water vapor corrosion and sulfur-hydrogen corrosion.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device and method for preparing activated carbon by physical method, the raw material is a single carbonaceous raw material and the three furnace working conditions are:

[0085] include:

[0086] Silo 1; sealed screw conveyor 2; spare silo 3; spare sealed screw conveyor 4; multi-chamber furnace 5; discharge pipe 6; charge cooler 7; gas cabinet 8; feed pipe 9; pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10; gas mixer 11; cyclone separator 12; return feeder 13; distributor 14; jacketed hood 15; slag discharge pipe 16; discharge pipe 17; baffled hood 18; bottom gas hood 18-1; slag cooler 19; mixer 20; air preheater 21; secondary air blower 22; steam superheater 23; bag filter 24; blower 25; incinerator 26; roots blower 27; mixer preheater 28; waste heat steam boiler 29; induced draft fan 30; air distributor 31; economizer 32; chimney 33;

[0087] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 is connected to the jacketed tube hood 15 assembly and the multi-chamber furnace 5, the jacketed tube hood 15 is evenly inserted into the first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the spare silo 3 is connected to the first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 extends from the fluidized material layer of the multi-chamber furnace 5 and is connected to the cooler 7, the slag cooler 19 is connected to the multi-chamber furnace 5 to discharge the ash in the furnace, the gas machine box 8 is connected to the bottom gas hood 18-1 and enters the fluidized carbonaceous material layer 51 in the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace; the inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the first-layer furnace of the multi-chamber furnace 5, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the water vapor returner 13, the outlet of the returner 13 is connected to the first-layer furnace of the upper multi-chamber furnace, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 and One end of the air preheater 21 is connected; the other end of the air preheater 21 is connected to the steam superheater 23, and the side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the secondary air blower 22; the other end of the steam superheater 23 is connected to the bag dust collector 24, and the outlet of the bag dust collector 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30; the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the incinerator 26, and the inlet of the incinerator 26 is also connected to the outlet of the blower 25; the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixed gas preheater 28, the flue gas outlet of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the inlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29, one side of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27, and the other side is respectively connected to the steam outlet of the gas cylinder 31 and the inlet of the gas chassis 8; the outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32, and the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the inlet of the chimney 33.

[0088] The device further comprises a slag discharge pipe 16 and a material discharge pipe 17, and the material discharge pipes of adjacent furnaces are arranged crosswise on the same circumference (in a top view).

[0089] After the equipment is started, the material is transported from the silo 1 by the sealed screw conveyor 2 through the feed pipe 9 into the distributor 14 in the multi-chamber furnace 5; after the solid is pneumatically conveyed into the fluidized material layer 51 in the uppermost furnace working condition, the oxygen in the air sent in by the jacketed tubular hood 15 reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward activated gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction to form high-temperature flue gas. The sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is quickly transferred to the carbonaceous solids through fluidization, so that the carbonaceous solids are quickly fluidized and pyrolyzed and activated with the upward high-temperature activator gas in the first-layer furnace. After the set residence time, The high-temperature carbonaceous particles enter the next furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the discharge pipe 17 and are fluidized and activated for a certain period of time, and then discharged into the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the discharge pipe 17 of the next furnace. After the set fluidization activation time, the finished activated carbon is collected from the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom and indirectly cooled by the cooler 7; the large-particle carbonaceous particles and dense non-carbonaceous particles such as gangue that cannot be fluidized continuously gradually move to the bottom furnace ash area 52 and are discharged from the multi-chamber furnace by the slag cooler; the carbonaceous particles separated by the cyclone separator 12 are circulated back to the upper furnace of the multi-chamber furnace through the return pipe 13.

[0090] Part of the preheated air and steam enters the bottom furnace of the multi-hearth furnace evenly from the bottom chassis 8 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 and enters the working fluidized material layer 51, and enters the upper first-layer furnace from bottom to top in sequence through the baffle hood 18 that penetrates the furnace bottom plate 55; the other part is sent into the multi-hearth furnace from the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10 and the top gas mixer 11; after fluidized pyrolysis and activation reaction, it is discharged from the activated gas outlet of the upper first-layer furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5, passes through the cyclone separator 12 to remove larger particles, and then gradually exchanges heat with the air preheater 21 and the steam superheater 23 for cooling, and then enters the bag dust collector 24 to further collect fine powdered activated carbon; then it is sent to the incinerator 26 through the induced draft fan, the activated tail gas and air burn to release heat, and the high-temperature hot flue gas enters the mixed gas preheater 28, the steam waste heat boiler 29, and the economizer 32 for heat exchange in sequence to recover the heat of the high-temperature flue gas; the cooled flue gas is desulfurized and purified and then discharged through the chimney 33;

[0091] The solid ash in the reaction process gradually descends into the bottom furnace ash area 52 and is regularly discharged from the equipment by the slag cooler 19 through the slag outlet 19-1, so as to maintain the continuous fluidization activation of each furnace.

[0092] Furthermore, the device further comprises a gas separator 31 for delivering the saturated steam gas generated by the steam waste heat boiler to the mixed gas preheater 28 , the steam superheater 23 and the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10 respectively.

[0093] Furthermore, the device also includes a Roots blower 27, which continuously sends air to the mixed gas preheater 28 to mix with steam and preheat it, and then sends it to the bottom chassis 8 of the multi-chamber furnace through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 to enter the fluidized material layer 51 in the bottom furnace working condition to undergo fluidized activation reaction with the carbonaceous particles.

[0094] Furthermore, the device also includes a secondary air blower 22, which continuously sends air to the air preheater 21 for preheating, and then sends it into the annular air supply port 54 on the wall of the multi-chamber furnace. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, providing the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 with gas sensible heat for the activation endothermic reaction.

[0095] Furthermore, the device also includes a blower 25 to continuously provide combustion-supporting air to the incinerator 26.

[0096] Furthermore, the deflector hood evenly arranged throughout the furnace bottom plate 55 is a specially designed structure that not only ensures uniform gas distribution but also prevents solid particles from clogging the gas pipeline. Figure 2 shown.

[0097] The preparation method comprises:

[0098] Step 1: The material enters the feed pipe 9 from the silo 1 through the sealed screw conveyor 2. The solid is pneumatically conveyed and evenly enters the working fluidized material layer 51 of the first layer of the multi-hearth furnace 5 through the distributor 14;

[0099] Step 2: After the material enters the uppermost furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, the air enters the first layer of the multi-hearth furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the top gas mixer 11 and the jacketed hood 15. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction to form high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas quickly transfers heat to the carbonaceous solid fluidization. At the same time, the carbonaceous solid particles react with the upward high-temperature activator to activate the reaction. In this furnace fluidized pyrolysis (after activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous particles enter the second layer of the furnace working condition fluidized material layer through the discharge pipe 17). After a certain period of fluidization and activation in the material layer 51, it is discharged into the fluidized material layer 51 in the bottom furnace through the discharge pipe 17. After the set residence time and fluidization and activation, the finished activated carbon is collected from the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom and indirectly cooled by the cooler 7. Non-carbonaceous particulate impurities and large particles that cannot be continuously fluidized fall into the ash area 52 at the bottom furnace in turn, and are discharged from the multi-hearth furnace through the slag discharge port 19-1 and collected by the slag cooler 19. The carbonaceous particles separated by the cyclone separator 12 are circulated back to the first layer of the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace through the return pipe 13.

[0100] In step three, part of the preheated air and steam enters the bottom furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 from the bottom chassis 8 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, part is evenly added from the bottom and the middle furnace wall annular pipe, and the other part is sent from the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10 and the gas mixer 11 into the first layer furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace, after fluidized pyrolysis and activation reaction, it exits the first layer furnace exhaust outlet of the multi-chamber furnace 5, passes through the cyclone separator 12 to remove larger particles, and then gradually exchanges heat with the air preheater 21 and the steam superheater 23 for cooling, and then enters the bag dust collector 24 to further collect fine powdered activated carbon; then it is sent to the incinerator 26 through the induced draft fan, the activated exhaust gas and air burn to release heat, and the high-temperature hot flue gas enters the mixed gas preheater 28, the steam waste heat boiler 29, and the economizer 32 for heat exchange in turn to recover the heat of the high-temperature flue gas; the cooled flue gas is desulfurized and purified and then discharged through the chimney 33.

[0101] A jacketed wind cap 15 is provided at the top to enter the fluidized material layer 51 in the top furnace working condition, and horizontal air discharge allows the carbonaceous material to be rapidly pyrolyzed and pre-oxidized. The volatile matter in the carbonaceous material and the activated tail gas from the lower furnace react with oxygen to produce a gas / gas combustion reaction, releasing heat and simultaneously carrying out a preliminary fluidization activation reaction.

[0102] The secondary hot air and preheated high-temperature steam from the two lower furnaces are evenly fed along the annular inlets on the furnace walls. The annular air inlet 54 is located at the bottom, while the annular steam inlet 53 is located at the top. The oxygen in the hot air reacts with the activated tail gas in a gas / gas homogeneous combustion reaction, releasing heat and providing high-temperature flue gas to the upper furnace while also generating more gaseous activator. The high-temperature steam balances the flue gas temperature and maintains the water vapor concentration in the upper furnace, facilitating the stable activation of the endothermic reaction.

[0103] Activation reaction: C+H2O→CO+H2(endothermic); C+CO2→2CO(endothermic);

[0104] C+O2→CO2(exothermic); H2+1 / 2O2→H2O(exothermic); CO+1 / 2O2→CO2(exothermic);

[0105] The inlet of pneumatic conveying medium is high-temperature steam;

[0106] High-temperature steam not only serves as a partial activator but also as a pneumatic conveying medium. It can also preheat the incoming solid particles. It is highly efficient and energy-saving. It can also prevent the solid carbonaceous material from flash heating and causing explosion, reduce the loss of fixed carbon, and improve the yield of activated carbon.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment is based on the second embodiment, and a high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 is added. Other equipment processes are also changed. The single carbonaceous raw material two-furnace working condition is as follows:

[0109] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 and the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly are connected to the multi-chamber furnace 5 through a flange, and the tubular hood 15 is inserted into the first working fluidized material layer 51 on the upper part of the multi-chamber furnace 5; the spare silo 3 is connected to the multi-chamber furnace 5 through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 extends from the carbon layer of the multi-chamber furnace 5 and is connected to the cooler 7; the lower slag pipe is connected to the bottom of the multi-chamber furnace 5, and the slag outlet pipe is connected to the slag cooler 19 to discharge the ash in the furnace; the inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the multi-chamber furnace 5, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the return pipe 13, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to one end of the air preheater 21, and the air preheater 21 The other end is connected to the steam preheater 23, the other end of the steam preheater 23 is connected to the incinerator 26, the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixer preheater 28, the outlet of the mixer preheater 28 is connected to the inlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29, the outlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32, the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, the outlet of the bag dust collector 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the chimney 33; the inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 is connected to the gas phase outlet pipeline of the cyclone separator 12, and the outlet is connected to the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10; the outlet of the Roots blower 27 is connected to the mixer preheater 28; the outlet of the secondary air blower 22 is connected to the air preheater 21.

[0110] The device further includes a distributor 14 , a slag discharge pipe 16 and a material discharge pipe 17 .

[0111] The device also includes a spare silo 3 and a spare sealed screw conveyor 4, so that the furnace can be put into high-temperature fluidized working condition before entering the working condition and can be used when the furnace is stopped;

[0112] method:

[0113] The single granular carbonaceous raw material is first stored in the silo 1, passed through the sealed screw conveyor 2, and fed into the feed pipe 9. It is then sent to the distributor 14 under the action of the gas delivered by the pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10. Under the action of the gas pressure and the solid's own gravity, it falls evenly into the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace working condition of the multi-hearth furnace 5. The pneumatic conveying single uses high-temperature activated tail gas as the conveying medium. The high-temperature activated tail gas is provided by the high-temperature and high-pressure coal gas 34 gas blower;

[0114] The side wall of the lower furnace of the circulating integrated furnace is provided with a furnace wall annular air supply inlet 54 for secondary air supply and an annular water vapor supply inlet 53 for uniformly supplying activator to the upper furnace fluidized material layer to maintain the concentration of activator in the activation reaction; the oxygen in the air and the upward activated tail gas produce gas / gas homogeneous reaction and release heat, and the formed high-temperature air flow passes through the deflection hood 18 that passes through the furnace bottom plate and enters the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, providing energy for the fluidized activation endothermic reaction of the upper carbonaceous particles. The furnace wall annular air supply inlet 54 is uniform The addition of preheated air can better control the temperature of the carbonaceous solids in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51; the lower part is provided with a mixed gas box 8 of high-temperature air and water vapor. The air and steam mixed gas evenly enters the working condition fluidized material layer 51 of the furnace bottom furnace through the bottom gas hood 18-1, and undergoes a deep fluidization activation reaction with the high-temperature carbonaceous particles. At the same time, it provides activator gas and activated tail gas for the activation reaction of the upper furnace as energy for the activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous solid particles in the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51;

[0115] High-temperature secondary air from the secondary blower 22 is evenly supplied from the annular air supply inlet 54 on the furnace wall of the lower furnace of the integrated furnace, and high-temperature water vapor is evenly supplied from the annular water vapor supply inlet 53 on the furnace wall. The oxygen in the air reacts with the upward-moving activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous reaction and release heat. The annular uniform arrangement can better control the material temperature of the carbonaceous solid in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition. After the carbonaceous particles undergo fluidized pyrolysis / activation reaction in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition, the ash produced during the reaction moves through the lower slag pipe to the lower furnace ash area 52, and then is discharged outside the two-chamber furnace and collected by the slag cooler 19.

[0116] As the reaction continues, the pore volume of the activated carbon gradually increases, the pore structure increases, and the specific surface area increases. Under the action of the gas fluidized medium, the activated carbon particles pass through the discharge pipe 17 and enter the lower furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 for deep activation; the high-temperature gas preheated by the jacketed tubular hood 15 contacts the single granular carbonaceous raw material in the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51, and the oxygen therein reacts with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the upward activated tail gas to produce gas / gas combustion reaction to release heat, and the high-temperature flue gas formed is quickly transferred to the carbonaceous particles entering the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through fluidization, so that the carbonaceous raw material The solid particles heat up quickly, and at the same time, they also provide continuous high-temperature gas sensible heat for the activation endothermic reaction of the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace hearth, so as to keep the activation going continuously and stably; the qualified activated carbon passes through the discharge pipe 6 and enters the cooler 7 for indirect cooling and collection, and is stored as a product; after the circulating fluidized activation reaction, the slightly larger powdered carbonaceous particles pass through the cyclone separator 12 for gas-solid separation, enter the return pipe 13 and are sent back to the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace hearth of the multi-chamber furnace for fluidized activation; a small number of fine particles are collected as dust in the bag filter 24 after being processed with the gas in the subsequent process.

[0117] After being heated in the air preheater 21, the air from the secondary air blower 22 enters the lower furnace, with a portion entering the gas mixer 11. The air from the Roots blower 27 enters the mixed gas preheater 28 and is mixed with the steam from the gas distributor 31 for preheating before being sent to the bottom gas box 8 of the multi-chamber furnace. It then passes through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 and enters the working fluidized material layer 51 of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace for fluidization activation reaction. The air from the blower 25 enters the incinerator 26 as combustion air. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas blower 34 sends the activated exhaust gas to the pneumatic conveying unit 10 for use as a gas conveying medium. The steam from the gas distributor 31 is preheated in the steam preheater 23, with a portion sent to the annular water vapor replenishment inlet 53 on the furnace wall of the lower furnace, and the remaining portion sent to the gas mixer 11.

[0118] The mixture of high-temperature preheated air and water vapor introduced into the bottom furnace of the circulating integrated furnace serves as a fluidizing medium, causing the carbonaceous solid particles in the furnace to enter a fluidized state. A small amount of oxygen in the air reacts rapidly with the carbonaceous raw material to release heat, providing reaction energy for the deep activation endothermic reaction. At the same time, the activated exhaust gas and the oxygen in the secondary air produce a gas / gas homogeneous reaction and release heat, maintaining a stable and uniform temperature. Then the high-temperature air flow rises through the deflection hood 18 that passes through the furnace and enters the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51. On the one hand, it serves as a fluidizing medium for the carbonaceous solid particles in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51, and at the same time provides the upper working condition fluidized material layer 51 with the sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas as heat for the fluidization activation endothermic reaction, thereby maintaining the continuous fluidization activation in the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51. In the preliminary activation zone of the upper furnace, high-temperature air is uniformly introduced from the jacketed tubular hood 15 and the upward-moving activated tail gas to produce a gas / gas homogeneous combustion exothermic reaction. Since the activation reaction is an endothermic reaction, the gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction produced by the oxygen in the introduced air and the combustible gas in the activated tail gas continuously provides energy for the rapid fluidization activation reaction of the carbonaceous particles in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace working condition:

[0119] The activated tail gas generated in the circulating multi-chamber integrated furnace carries a small amount of fine carbon particles and first enters the cyclone separator 12. After gas-solid separation, the larger carbonaceous solid particles are returned to the upper furnace working fluidized material layer 51 through the return feeder 13. The tail gas enters the air preheater 21, exchanges heat with the air and cools down, then enters the steam preheater 23 for further heat exchange and cooling, and then enters the incinerator 26 for combustion and heat release to form high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas enters the steam waste heat boiler 29 and exchanges heat with water for cooling, while generating high-pressure saturated steam. The cooled flue gas enters the economizer 32, and after further cooling, enters the bag dust collector 24 to remove dust and remove solid dust formed by the incineration of small particles of carbon. Then, under the action of the induced draft fan 30, the flue gas is desulfurized and purified in the desulfurization system and discharged to the chimney 33.

[0120] Because this embodiment employs two furnaces, suitable for single carbonaceous feedstock operation, activated tail gas or steam can be used as the transport medium. The carbonaceous feedstock undergoes rapid fluidized pyrolysis and activation in the upper furnace. For single carbonaceous granular feedstock with high reactivity, activation time is short, operation is easy, and scalable production is possible, resulting in high production capacity, low operating costs, and excellent economic efficiency.

[0121] Example 4

[0122] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is a three-furnace activation co-production condition for two different carbonaceous raw materials. On the basis of Example 2, a feeding system is added to the lower furnace, which can realize the co-production of activated carbon for carbonaceous raw materials with different components:

[0123] Compared with Example 2, a lower furnace hopper 35, a lower furnace screw conveyor 36, and a second cooler 7-1 are added, and the bag filter 24 is moved forward and placed after the steam preheater 23 and before the incinerator 26.

[0124] The lower hearth silo 35 is connected to the lower hearth sealed screw conveyor 36, and the lower hearth sealed screw conveyor 36 is connected to the side wall of the lower hearth of the multi-hearth furnace. Other aspects are the same as those in Implementation Example 2.

[0125] The gas outlet of the multi-hearth furnace 5 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 12, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the return material 13, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to one end of the air preheater 21, and the gas phase outlet pipe of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of a spare high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 (spare); the other end of the air preheater 21 is connected to the steam superheater 23, and the outlet of the secondary blower 22 is connected to one side of the air preheater 21; the other end of the steam superheater 23 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, and the bag dust collector The outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the incinerator 26, the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixing heat exchanger 28, the outlet of the mixed gas heat exchanger 28 is connected to the inlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29, and one side of the mixing heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27; the outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32, the steam outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the gas distribution cylinder 31, and the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the lower part of the chimney 33, so that the qualified treated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0126] The principle and process of the equipment are as follows: one type of carbonaceous raw material a is first stored in the silo 1, and is fed into the feed pipe 9 through the sealed screw conveyor 2, and is fed into the upper furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 under the action of the gas medium of the pneumatic conveying device 10; the other type of carbonaceous raw material b is stored in the lower furnace silo 35, and is fed into the lower furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the lower furnace sealed screw conveyor 36; the air from the secondary blower 22 is preheated in the air preheater 21 and then enters the gas mixer 11 and the middle furnace. The annular air supply inlet 54 on the furnace wall of the furnace and the lower furnace, the oxygen in the air and the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the activated tail gas react in a gas / gas homogeneous exothermic reaction, and the sensible heat of the high-temperature gas formed provides energy for activating the endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous particles in the fluidized material layer 51 of the upper furnace and the middle furnace working condition, the ash in the reaction moves from the upper furnace ash area 52 to the middle furnace ash area 52 through the lower slag pipe 16, and moves from the middle furnace ash area 52 to the bottom furnace ash area 52 through the lower slag pipe 16, and then is discharged from the multi-hearth furnace through the slag pipe and collected by the slag cooler 19.

[0127] ; As the reaction continues, the solid carbonaceous a particles flow from the upper furnace through the discharge pipe 17 into the fluidized material layer 51 in the middle furnace under the action of the gas fluidizing medium, and then undergo deep activation; the qualified activated carbon particles activated in the middle furnace pass through the discharge pipe 6 and directly enter the second cooler 7-1 to be collected and stored as products; the powdered activated carbon with slightly larger particles carried by the activated exhaust gas is separated by the cyclone separator 12 and returned to the upper furnace through the return pipe 13; the fine powdered activated carbon is collected in the bag dust collector 24.

[0128] The air generated by the Roots blower 27 and the steam generated by the gas distribution cylinder 31 are mixed, preheated in the mixer preheater 28, enter the gas machine box 8, and enter the lower furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51 through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1 to participate in the fluidization activation reaction with the carbonaceous B raw material. The activated carbon made from the carbonaceous B raw material that has passed the bottom furnace activation is discharged from the multi-hearth furnace through the discharge pipe 6 of the bottom furnace and collected by the cooler 7. A stream of steam from the gas distribution cylinder 31 is superheated in the steam preheater 23 and then split into three streams. They are respectively sent to the gas mixer 11, the middle furnace, and the annular water vapor replenishment inlet 53 on the furnace wall of the lower furnace to replenish the gas activator for the carbonaceous A raw material in the upper furnace and the middle furnace working condition fluidized material layer 51.

[0129] The activated tail gas generated in the multi-chamber furnace carries a small amount of fine carbon particles and first enters the cyclone separator 12. The larger particle size carbonaceous raw materials separated by gas and solid are returned to the upper furnace working fluidized material layer 51 through the return device 13 to continue fluidization and activation. The tail gas enters the air preheater 21, exchanges heat with the air 21 and is cooled, and then enters the steam superheater 23 for further heat exchange and cooling, and then enters the bag dust collector 24 to collect powdered activated carbon. Then, under the action of the induced draft fan 30, after passing through the incinerator 26, the hot flue gas after combustion enters the mixed gas heat exchanger 28, enters the steam waste heat boiler 29 after preliminary cooling, and then enters the economizer 32. After the cooled flue gas is purified and qualified, it goes to the chimney 33 and is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0130] This embodiment is suitable for the co-production condition of activating two different carbonaceous raw materials. The lower furnace and the middle and upper furnaces produce activated carbon prepared from two carbonaceous raw materials. The lower furnace independently performs pyrolysis activation to produce one type of activated carbon, and at the same time provides fluidizing medium, energy for activating endothermic reactions, and high-temperature activating agents for the middle and upper furnaces, thereby realizing the co-production of activated carbon from two different carbonaceous raw materials with high efficiency, flexible adjustment, and low energy consumption.

[0131] Example 5

[0132] like Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method suitable for thermal regeneration of granular and powdered waste activated carbon and co-production of granular activated carbon based on Example 4. The incinerator burner adopts low-nitrogen combustion technology, granular carbonaceous semi-coke raw materials are added to the bottom furnace to prepare activated carbon, and the upper and middle furnaces are used to thermally regenerate the waste activated carbon:

[0133] Specifically: high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34; lower furnace silo 35; lower furnace screw conveyor 36; gas intercooler 37; high-pressure gas blower 38; second cooler 7-1

[0134] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, and the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9; the spare silo 3 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5 through the spare sealed screw conveyor 4, and the lower furnace silo 35 is connected to the lower furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5 through the lower furnace sealed screw conveyor 36; the inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the activated tail gas outlet of the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5, the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 21, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the water vapor return feeder 13, the outlet of the return feeder 13 is connected to the middle furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5, and a high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 is installed on the gas phase outlet pipeline of the cyclone separator 12; the outlet of the air preheater 21 is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater 23, and the side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the air blower 22; the outlet of the steam superheater 23 is connected to the bag dust collector The inlet of the bag filter 24 is connected, the outlet of the bag filter 24 is connected to the inlet of the first induced draft fan 30-1, the outlet of the first induced draft fan 30-1 is connected to the inlet of the gas intercooler 37, the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the incinerator 26, and one side of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure gas blower 38; the inlet of the incinerator 26 is also connected to the outlet of the blower 25, and the outlet of the incinerator 26 is connected to the inlet of the mixed gas preheater 28; the outlet of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the steam waste heat boiler 29, and the outlet of the mixed gas preheater 28 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27 and the steam outlet of the gas cylinder 31; the other end of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the economizer 32; the outlet of the economizer 32 is connected to the inlet of the second induced draft fan 30-2, and the outlet of the second induced draft fan 30-2 is connected to the chimney 33, and the flue gas is discharged after desulfurization and purification to meet the emission standards.

[0135] The equipment principle and process are as follows: the waste activated carbon is first stored in the silo 1, and is sent to the feed pipe 9 through the sealed screw conveyor 2. Under the action of the gas medium of the pneumatic conveying unit 10 and the action of the solid's own gravity, it evenly falls into the working fluidized material layer 51 of the multi-chamber furnace 5. After preliminary activation, the high-temperature carbon particles enter the working fluidized material layer 51 of the middle furnace through the discharge pipe 17 of the first-layer furnace, and undergo deep activation reaction with the hot flue gas and water vapor from the lower furnace. The ash enters the middle furnace ash zone 52 through the slag pipe 16 from the upper furnace, and then enters the bottom furnace slag zone 52 through the slag pipe 16 again. It is discharged from the bottom ash zone 52 to the outside of the multi-chamber furnace and collected by the slag cooler 19; after the waste activated carbon particles are qualified after deep activation and regeneration in the middle furnace, they are The semi-coke is discharged from the multi-chamber furnace through the discharge port 6 and collected and stored by the second cooler 7-1; the semi-coke is first stored in the lower hopper 35, and is sent to the fluidized material layer 51 in the lower furnace working condition through the lower sealed screw conveyor 36. The mixed gas from the mixed gas preheater 28 enters the lower chassis 8, and then enters the fluidized material layer 51 in the lower furnace working condition through the connected bottom gas hood 18-1, and undergoes fluidization activation reaction with the semi-coke. At the same time, the activated tail gas is provided to the fluidized material layer 51 in the middle furnace and upper furnace working condition as heat for thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon and a high-temperature activator. The qualified activated granular activated carbon is sent out of the lower furnace of the multi-chamber furnace through the discharge pipe 6 and is collected and stored by the cooler 7. The qualified thermally regenerated powdered activated carbon is collected by the cyclone separator and then collected by the bag dust collector 24 along with the gas flow.

[0136] The subsequent process settings of Example 5 are basically the same as those of the previous examples. Compared with the traditional activation process, Example 5 has no particle size requirements for waste activated carbon. Both granular waste activated carbon and powdered waste activated carbon can be thermally regenerated and co-produced with activated carbon preparation. The utility model does not require additional consumption of fuel gas during the thermal regeneration of activated carbon, which is an energy-saving technology and method. The burner of the incinerator adopts low-nitrogen combustion technology, which has low pollution and is environmentally friendly. The lower furnace can use granular carbonaceous semi-coke raw materials to prepare activated carbon, realizing the co-production of activated carbon preparation and thermal regeneration of waste activated carbon. It is a technology and method with multiple uses in one furnace, flexible operation, good economy and environmental friendliness.

[0137] Example 6

[0138] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment is based on Example 2, with the addition of burners, which are evenly arranged in a ring shape on the side wall of the lower furnace. The lower furnace does not feed material and is used only as a high-temperature gas mixing chamber to provide high-temperature hot flue gas and high-temperature activating agent for the fluidized material layers in the middle and upper furnaces; a gas intercooler is added; the incinerator and steam superheater are removed; and the equipment process combination has also undergone some changes, as shown below:

[0139] It includes: silo 1; sealed screw conveyor 2; spare silo 3; spare sealed screw conveyor 4; multi-hearth furnace 5; discharge pipe 6; cooler 7; gas chassis 8; feed pipe 9; pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10; cyclone separator 12; water vapor return device 13; distributor 14; jacketed air hood 15; slag discharge pipe 16; discharge pipe 17; 18-type baffle air hood; bottom gas air hood 18-1; slag cooler 19; mixer 20; air preheater 21; Roots blower 27; waste heat steam boiler 29; induced draft fan 30; gas distributor 31; gas intercooler 37; gas high-pressure blower 38; burners 39 evenly arranged in the bottom furnace.

[0140] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 and the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly are connected to the multi-hearth furnace 5, and the tubular hood 15 is inserted into the fluidized material layer 51 of the first layer of the multi-hearth furnace 5; the spare silo 3 is connected to the upper hearth of the multi-hearth furnace 5 through the sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 passes through the high-temperature gas mixing chamber at the bottom of the multi-hearth furnace 5 and is connected to the cooler 7; the lower slag pipe 16 of the middle hearth passes through the high-temperature gas mixing chamber at the bottom of the multi-hearth furnace 5 and is connected to the slag cooler 19 via a pipeline, and the ash in the furnace is cooled by the slag cooler 19 and then collected;

[0141] The inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the multi-hearth furnace 5, the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the water vapor return feeder 13, and the outlet of the return feeder 13 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace; the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 21, the outlet of the air preheater 21 is connected to the inlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29, and one side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the Roots blower 27; the outlet of the waste heat steam boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, and the steam One side of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the gas distribution cylinder 31; the outlet of the bag filter 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the gas intercooler 37; the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the gas high-pressure fan 38, and the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the main line of the activated exhaust gas transportation system; the outlet of the gas high-pressure fan 38 is connected to the inlet of the burner 39, and the high-temperature flue gas outlet of the burner 39, which is evenly arranged in a ring, is connected to the side wall of the lower furnace of the multi-hearth furnace.

[0142] The device further includes a distributor 14 , a slag discharge pipe 16 and a material discharge pipe 17 .

[0143] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that a three-furnace structure is adopted, and the lower furnace does not take in carbonaceous raw materials, but only serves as a high-temperature gas mixing chamber. The self-produced activated exhaust gas is matched with preheated air and sent into the burners evenly installed in an annular direction for combustion to form high-temperature flue gas, which is sent into the lower furnace - the high-temperature flue gas mixing chamber in the form of high-temperature flue gas, and then mixed with the high-temperature water vapor from the bottom chassis to form a high-temperature mixed gas. While the mixed gas serves as a gas fluidizing medium, the gas sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is the heat for the fluidization activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous raw materials in the fluidized material layers of the middle and upper furnaces, and also provides high-temperature carbon dioxide and high-temperature water vapor as gas activators for the carbonaceous raw materials in the fluidized material layers of the upper and middle furnaces.

[0144] Since three furnaces are used in this embodiment, the bottom furnace serves as a mixing chamber for the high-temperature mixed gas, and the carbonaceous raw materials in the fluidized material layers of the upper two furnaces can form a stable fluidized state, and can stably carry out fluidized pyrolysis and activation reactions step by step. The reaction is uniform and sufficient, and at the same time, the mixing of carbonaceous solid particles is reduced, the ineffective burning loss of fixed carbon is avoided, the yield of fixed carbon is increased, and the utilization efficiency of the activator is improved. The production capacity is large, the production cost is low, the economy is good, the product quality is stable, and the quality is good.

[0145] Example 7

[0146] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment is based on Example 6, except that the middle furnace is removed and a two-furnace form is adopted; the mixed gas bottom chassis is cancelled and a gas chassis is added; the lower furnace is still a high-temperature gas mixing chamber, with only an activation furnace at the top; the return pipe is cancelled and a powdered activated carbon collection tank is added, as follows:

[0147] It includes a silo 1; a sealed screw conveyor 2; a spare silo 3; a spare sealed screw conveyor 4; a multi-hearth furnace 5; a discharge pipe 6; a cooler 7; a feed pipe 9; a first pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10-1; a second pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10-2; a first mixer 11-1; a second mixer 11-2; a cyclone separator 12; a distributor 14; a jacketed air hood 15; a baffle air hood 18; a slag cooler 19; an air preheater 21; a secondary air blower 22; a Roots blower 27; a waste heat steam boiler 29; an induced draft fan 30; a gas distributor 31; a high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34; a gas intercooler 37; a high-pressure gas blower 38; a burner 39; a bellows 40; a gas machine box 41; and a powder collection tank 42.

[0148] The silo 1 is connected to the sealed screw conveyor 2, the outlet of the sealed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the feed pipe 9, the feed pipe 9 and the jacketed tubular hood 15 assembly are connected to the multi-hearth furnace 5, and the tubular hood 15 is inserted into the fluidized material layer 51 in the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5; the spare silo 3 is connected to the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5 through the sealed screw conveyor 4; the discharge pipe 6 passes through the furnace of the high-temperature gas mixing chamber at the bottom of the multi-hearth furnace 5, extends out of the furnace and is connected to the cooler 7; the lower slag pipe 16 is connected to the ash area 52 at the bottom of the upper furnace of the multi-hearth furnace 5, and the slag outlet pipe passes through the bottom high-temperature gas mixing chamber and is connected to the slag cooler 19 to discharge the ash in the furnace;

[0149] The inlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the activated tail gas of the multi-hearth furnace 5, and the lower part of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the powder collection tank 42; the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 12 is connected to the inlet of the air preheater 21, and the upper pipeline is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34, and the outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas blower 34 is connected to the second pneumatic conveying medium inlet 10-2; the outlet of the air preheater 21 is connected to the inlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29, one side of the air preheater 21 is connected to the outlet of the secondary air blower 22, and the other side is respectively connected to the first mixer 11-1 and the second mixer 11-2; the outlet of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 24, and one side of the steam waste heat boiler 29 is connected to the inlet of the gas cylinder 31 The outlet of the gas cylinder 31 is connected to the second conveying medium inlet 10-2, the first mixer 11-1 and the second mixer 11-2 respectively; the outlet of the bag filter 24 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 30, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 30 is connected to the inlet of the gas intercooler 37; the outlet of the gas intercooler 37 is connected to the inlet of the gas high-pressure blower 38, and the main outlet line of the gas intercooler 37 sends the activated exhaust gas out of the system; the outlet of the gas high-pressure blower 38 is connected to one side of the gas box 41, and many outlets are branched out from the other side of the gas box 41, which are respectively connected to the inlet of each burner 39. The Roots blower 27 is connected to the inlet of each burner 39 through the bellows, and the flue gas outlet of the burner 39 is evenly connected to the side wall of the lower hearth of the multi-hearth furnace in a circumferential manner.

[0150] This embodiment adopts a two-furnace structure, using high-pressure coal gas and water vapor as the transmission medium respectively; the mixer uses two groups of high-temperature water vapor and air mixtures to be evenly injected into the fluidized carbon material layer 51 through the jacketed tubular wind hood 15, thereby improving the efficiency of fluidized pyrolysis and activation in the upper furnace and facilitating the stable progress of the activation reaction; the bottom chassis is eliminated, and the flue gas enters the high-temperature mixing chamber from the annularly evenly distributed burners, providing sufficient heat and fluidized activation medium for the upper furnace. In order to stabilize the combustion of the burners and form stable high-temperature flue gas, the fuel gas system adopts the form of a gas chassis and the air system adopts the form of a bellows.

[0151] The fuel gas is preferably self-produced activated tail gas or externally supplied gas. The Roots blower distributes the air to each burner through the bellows. The air and the high-temperature activated tail gas undergo an exothermic combustion reaction through the burner to produce high-temperature combustion flue gas, which enters the working fluidized material layer 51 evenly from the lower furnace through the deflection hood 18 passing through the upper furnace. On the one hand, it serves as a gas fluidizing medium for the carbonaceous raw material, and on the other hand, it provides heat and activator for the fluidized pyrolysis and activation endothermic reaction of the carbonaceous raw material.

[0152] This embodiment adopts a two-furnace design to generate high-temperature flue gas in the bottom furnace, providing high-temperature gas fluidizing medium and energy for the upper furnace, so that the upper furnace can continuously and stably perform fluidized pyrolysis and activation. It has a simple structure, reduces the ineffective burning loss of fixed carbon, has good economy, and has a large output per unit volume.

[0153] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made to the present invention. Therefore, such modifications or improvements, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method, characterized in that: The device comprises: Sealed screw conveyor, feed pipe, baffled air hood, pneumatic conveying medium inlet, distributor, discharge pipe, discharge pipe, cooler, top gas mixer, cyclone separator, return feeder, slag discharge pipe, gas chassis, bottom gas air hood, slag cooler; The material enters the distributor through the feed pipe via a sealed screw conveyor and enters the first furnace for preliminary fluidization and activation. After the set residence time for fluidization and activation, the high-temperature carbonaceous solid enters the next furnace through a discharge pipe that runs through the furnace for deep fluidization and activation. Finally, qualified high-temperature activated carbon particles are discharged from the furnace through the discharge pipe and enter the cooler for indirect cooling and collection. The high-temperature mixed gas at the bottom enters the fluidized material layer of the bottom furnace of the multi-hearth furnace through the gas box and the bottom gas hood. On the one hand, it serves as a gas fluidizing medium, and at the same time, high-temperature water vapor serves as a gas activator. The waste slag moves through the slag pipe that passes through the furnace bottom plate into the next layer of the furnace slag area until it is discharged from the bottom furnace slag area and collected by the slag cooler; The activated tail gas enters the cyclone separator from the upper furnace to separate the carbonaceous solids and gases, and the gases enter the subsequent treatment; the solids return to the top layer of the multi-chamber furnace through the return feeder to continue fluidized activation.

2. The multi-chamber circulating fluidized activation integrated furnace device for preparing activated carbon by physical method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each furnace layer of the multi-hearth furnace is also provided with an ash area and a working condition fluidized material layer; the ash areas of each furnace are connected by a slag discharge pipe that passes through the furnace bottom plate, and the waste slag moves downward from the upper furnace ash area through the lower slag pipe into the ash area of the next furnace layer under the action of its own gravity, until it moves out of the furnace body from the bottom and is collected by a slag cooler; the working condition fluidized material layer is a fluidized activation layer of carbonaceous particles, and the carbonaceous particles are fluidized and activated in the upper first furnace layer for a set residence time, and then flow downward through the discharge pipe into the fluidized material layer of the next furnace layer for further fluidization and activation, until they are discharged from the set furnace material layer through the discharge pipe and indirectly cooled by the cooler for collection of granular activated carbon.

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