Fruit tree biochar preparation system
Through the integrated carbon making system, the cracking temperature and an oxygen-free environment are controlled, and the problems of uncontrollable carbon quality and temperature in the prior art are solved, and efficient biochar preparation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422530342.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-18
AI Technical Summary
The heating of existing cracking devices under low oxygen or hypoxia conditions leads to a decrease in carbonization quality, and the cracking temperature is uncontrollable, so it is impossible to ensure that the raw materials react under the designed conditions.
An integrated carbon production system consisting of crushing devices, pretreatment devices, pyrolysis devices, waste heat boiler heat exchangers and compression devices is adopted to protect the oxygen-free environment through nitrogen, control the pyrolysis temperature, and cool and compress in time to form block carbon.
It improves the preparation efficiency and quality of biochar, reduces the consumption of carbon, avoids the generation of other substances, and realizes an efficient carbonization process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223226015U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biochar preparation, in particular to a fruit tree biochar preparation system. Background Art
[0002] Fruit tree biochar, that is, biochar used for fruit tree planting, is a special material formed by high-temperature cracking of biomass (such as crop straw, branches cut from orchards, dead branches and leaves fallen in forests, etc.) in a low-oxygen environment.
[0003] Currently, existing pyrolysis units primarily utilize direct heating, which can be categorized into two types: direct ignition of the feedstock as a heat source for pyrolysis, or the use of a hot air furnace to introduce hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace to induce a reaction. However, these direct heating methods have two major drawbacks. First, the pyrolysis reaction occurs under low or anoxic conditions, and direct heating inevitably allows some oxygen to participate in the reaction, thereby reducing the carbonization quality. Second, direct heating cannot control the pyrolysis temperature, making it impossible to guarantee that the feedstock reacts at the designed pyrolysis temperature. Consequently, the resulting pyrolysis charcoal is not optimal for application as biochar to soil.
[0004] Therefore, in order to obtain high-quality biochar, there is an urgent need for a cracking system with controllable and adjustable reaction conditions so that the raw materials can undergo cracking reactions under designed conditions. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to solve the deficiencies in the existing technology and provides a fruit tree biochar preparation system.
[0006] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows:
[0007] A fruit tree biochar preparation system includes a crushing device, a pretreatment device and a pyrolysis device, the crushing device is connected to the pretreatment device, the pretreatment device is provided with a nitrogen inlet, the pretreatment device is connected to the pyrolysis device, the pyrolysis device is connected to a waste heat boiler heat exchanger, the waste heat boiler heat exchanger is connected to a compression device, and the compression device is used for forming fruit tree biochar.
[0008] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that after the untreated wood is crushed into powder by the crushing device, the excess moisture and volatile matter are removed by the pretreatment device, and then the wood is subjected to temperature and time controlled pyrolysis by the pyrolysis device. The powder after pyrolysis is cooled by the waste heat boiler heat exchanger, and the cooled carbon powder enters the compression device to form block carbon that can be used or sold directly, forming an integrated carbon making system; nitrogen is introduced into the nitrogen inlet of the pretreatment device in advance to ensure an oxygen-free environment for subsequent pyrolysis, reduce carbon consumption, and avoid the generation of other substances during the combustion process; the control system in the pyrolysis device can efficiently and accurately control the temperature and time of pyrolysis; timely cooling and compression after pyrolysis also shorten the carbon making time and improve efficiency.
[0009] Furthermore, the pyrolysis device is connected to a rotary separator, a first induced draft fan is connected between the pyrolysis device and the rotary separator, and the rotary separator is connected to a decoking cooler.
[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that a portion of the gas generated during the pyrolysis process can be introduced by the first induced draft fan into the rotary separator and the decoking cooler for collection and treatment.
[0011] Furthermore, a second induced draft fan is connected between the waste heat boiler heat exchanger and the rotary separator.
[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that part of the gas generated in the process of cooling the pyrolyzed powder by the waste heat boiler heat exchanger can be introduced into the rotary separator and the decoking cooler by the second induced draft fan for collection and treatment.
[0013] Furthermore, the compression device is provided with a carbon powder inlet and a carbon outlet, and the compression device comprises a telescopic rod and a compression block connected to each other, and the telescopic rod drives the compression block to move, which is used for forming fruit tree biochar.
[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the telescopic rod drives the compression block to move, and the cooled carbon powder can be formed into a block carbon that can be directly used or sold under the action of the compression block and the telescopic rod.
[0015] Furthermore, the crushing device is provided with a feed port and a discharge port, and the crushing device includes a peeling knife, a cutting knife and a crushing roller. The peeling knife is used to peel the wood entering from the feed port, the cutting knife is used to cut the peeled wood, and the crushing roller is used to crush the cut wood into powder.
[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the untreated wood is peeled by the peeling knife through the feed port, cut into a fixed length by the cutting knife, and then crushed into powder by the crushing roller, and the wood powder enters the pretreatment device through the discharge port.
[0017] Furthermore, a screen is provided on the discharge port.
[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the screen can filter the wood powder to prevent large particles from entering the pretreatment device.
[0019] Furthermore, a crushing box is provided in the crushing device, the crushing roller is located in the crushing box, and the discharge port is connected to the crushing box.
[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that after the cut wood enters the crushing box, the crushing roller can crush the cut wood into powder, and the crushing efficiency is high.
[0021] Furthermore, a conveyor belt is provided in the crushing device, and the conveyor belt is used to convey the peeled wood into the crushing box.
[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the conveyor belt can convey the peeled wood to the crushing box, making it easier for the crushing roller to crush the cut wood into powder.
[0023] Furthermore, an exhaust fan is provided in the crushing device, and the exhaust fan is connected to a collection box.
[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the solid powder floating in the air generated during the crushing process can be sucked into the collection box by the exhaust fan for centralized processing.
[0025] Furthermore, the crushing device is provided with a door for taking out the collection box.
[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that after the door is opened, the collection box can be taken out and processed in a centralized manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fruit tree biochar preparation system of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram highlighting the feed port and peeling knife of the utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the crushing device of the utility model;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the pyrolysis device of the present invention.
[0031] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Crushing device; 2. Nitrogen inlet; 3. Pretreatment device; 4. Screen; 5. Pyrolysis device; 6. First induced draft fan; 7. Rotary separator; 8. Decoking cooler; 9. Second induced draft fan; 10. Waste heat boiler heat exchanger; 11. Crushing box; 12. Coal powder inlet; 13. Compression device; 14. Compression block; 15. Telescopic rod; 16. Coal outlet; 17. Feed port; 18. Door; 19. Exhaust fan; 20. Collecting box; 21. Discharge port; 22. Crushing roller; 23. Conveyor belt; 24. Cutting knife; 25. Peeling knife. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0033] The embodiment of the utility model discloses a system for preparing fruit tree biochar.
[0034] Reference Figures 1-4 A fruit tree biochar preparation system includes a crushing device 1, a pretreatment device 3, a pyrolysis device 5, a waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10, and a compression device 13. The crushing device 1 is connected to the pretreatment device 3, the pretreatment device 3 is connected to the pyrolysis device 5, the pyrolysis device 5 is connected to the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10, and the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10 is connected to the compression device 13. After the untreated wood is crushed into powder by the crushing device 1, the excess moisture and volatile matter are removed by the pretreatment device 3, and then the wood is pyrolyzed under temperature and time control by the pyrolysis device 5. The pyrolyzed powder is cooled by the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10, and the cooled carbon powder enters the compression device 13. The compression device 13 is used to shape the fruit tree biochar into block carbon that can be directly used or sold, forming an integrated carbon production system.
[0035] The crushing device 1 is provided with a feed port 17 and a discharge port 21. The crushing device 1 includes a peeling knife 25, a cutting knife 24 and a crushing roller 22. The peeling knife 25 is located in the feed port 17 and is used to peel the wood entering through the feed port 17. The cutting knife 24 is used to cut the peeled wood. The crushing roller 22 is used to crush the cut wood into powder. Specifically, after the untreated wood is peeled by the peeling knife 25 through the feed port 17, it is cut to a fixed length by the cutting knife 24 and then crushed into powder by the crushing roller 22. The wood powder enters the pretreatment device 3 through the discharge port 21. It should be noted that the installation method of the peeling knife 25, the cutting knife 24 and the crushing roller 22 is the existing technology and is not specifically limited here. It is sufficient to achieve the above-mentioned corresponding functions.
[0036] The crushing device 1 is provided with a crushing box 11, the crushing roller 22 is installed in the crushing box 11, and the discharge port 21 is connected to the crushing box 11. After the cut wood enters the crushing box 11, the crushing roller 22 can crush the cut wood into powder, thereby achieving high crushing efficiency.
[0037] A conveyor belt 23 is installed in the crushing device 1. The conveyor belt 23 is used to convey the peeled wood into the crushing box 11, so that the crushing roller 22 can crush the cut wood into powder.
[0038] The crushing device 1 is equipped with an exhaust fan 19, which is connected to a collection box 20. The exhaust fan 19 can extract the solid powder floating in the air generated during the crushing process into the collection box 20 for centralized processing. The crushing device 1 is equipped with a door 18. After opening the door 18, the collection box 20 can be removed from the crushing device 1 and centrally processed.
[0039] A screen 4 is installed on the discharge port 21 . The aperture of the screen 4 is specifically 2 mm. The screen 4 can filter the wood powder to prevent large particles from entering the pretreatment device 3 .
[0040] The pretreatment device 3 is provided with a nitrogen inlet 2. Nitrogen is introduced into the pretreatment device 3 at the nitrogen inlet 2 in advance to ensure an oxygen-free environment for subsequent pyrolysis, reduce char consumption, and avoid the generation of other substances during the combustion process. The control system in the pyrolysis device 5 can efficiently and accurately control the temperature and time of pyrolysis.
[0041] The compression device 13 is equipped with a charcoal powder inlet 12 and a charcoal outlet 16. The compression device 13 includes a connected telescopic rod 15 and a compression block 14. The telescopic rod 15 drives the compression block 14 to form fruit tree biochar. Specifically, the charcoal powder, after being cooled by the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10, enters the compression device 13 through the charcoal powder inlet 12. The telescopic rod 15 drives the compression block 14 to move. The cooled charcoal powder, under the action of the compression block 14 and the telescopic rod 15, is formed into a lump of charcoal that can be directly used or sold, and is then output from the charcoal outlet 16. Timely cooling and compression after pyrolysis shortens charcoal production time and improves efficiency.
[0042] The pyrolysis device 5 is connected to a rotary separator 7, a first induced draft fan 6 is connected between the pyrolysis device 5 and the rotary separator 7, and the rotary separator 7 is connected to a decoking cooler 8. A portion of the gas generated during the pyrolysis process can be introduced by the first induced draft fan 6 into the rotary separator 7 and the decoking cooler 8 for collection and treatment.
[0043] A second induced draft fan 9 is connected between the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10 and the rotary separator 7. Part of the gas generated in the process of cooling the pyrolyzed powder by the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10 can be introduced into the rotary separator 7 and the decoking cooler 8 by the second induced draft fan 9 for collection and treatment.
[0044] The implementation principle of the fruit tree biochar preparation system of the present invention is as follows: nitrogen is introduced into the nitrogen inlet 2 of the pretreatment device 3 in advance to ensure an oxygen-free environment for subsequent pyrolysis; the untreated wood is peeled by the peeling knife 25 through the feed port 17, cut to a fixed length by the cutting knife 24, and then fed into the crushing box 11 through the conveyor belt 23 inside the crushing device 1, and crushed into powder by the crushing roller 22. The solid powder floating in the air generated in this process is extracted by the exhaust fan 19 into the collection box 20, which can be taken out from the door body 18 for centralized treatment. The wood powder passes through the sieve 4 through the discharge port 21. , then the excess moisture and volatile matter are removed by the pretreatment device 3, and then the pyrolysis is carried out under temperature and time control by the pyrolysis device 5. Part of the gas formed in this process is introduced into the rotary separator 7 and the decoking cooler 8 by the first induced draft fan 6 to be collected and processed. The powder after pyrolysis is cooled by the waste heat boiler heat exchanger 10. Another part of the gas generated in this process can also be introduced into the rotary separator 7 and the decoking cooler 8. The cooled carbon powder enters the compression device 13 through the carbon powder inlet 12, and is formed into a lump carbon that can be directly used or sold through the action of the compression block 14 and the telescopic rod 15, and is output from the carbon outlet 16.
[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fruit tree biochar preparation system, characterized by: The invention comprises a crushing device (1), a pretreatment device (3) and a pyrolysis device (5), wherein the crushing device (1) is connected to the pretreatment device (3), the pretreatment device (3) is provided with a nitrogen inlet (2), the pretreatment device (3) is connected to the pyrolysis device (5), the pyrolysis device (5) is connected to a waste heat boiler heat exchanger (10), the waste heat boiler heat exchanger (10) is connected to a compression device (13), and the compression device (13) is used for forming fruit tree biochar.
2. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis device (5) is connected to a rotary separator (7), a first induced draft fan (6) is connected between the pyrolysis device (5) and the rotary separator (7), and the rotary separator (7) is connected to a decoking cooler (8).
3. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second induced draft fan (9) is connected between the waste heat boiler heat exchanger (10) and the rotary separator (7).
4. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression device (13) comprises a telescopic rod (15) and a compression block (14) connected to each other, and the telescopic rod (15) drives the compression block (14) to move, so as to be used for forming fruit tree biochar.
5. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing device (1) is provided with a feed port (17) and a discharge port (21). The crushing device (1) comprises a peeling knife (25), a cutting knife (24) and a crushing roller (22). The peeling knife (25) is used to peel the wood entering through the feed port (17), the cutting knife (24) is used to cut the peeled wood, and the crushing roller (22) is used to crush the cut wood into powder.
6. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge port (21) is provided with a screen (4).
7. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A crushing box (11) is provided in the crushing device (1), the crushing roller (22) is located in the crushing box (11), and the discharge port (21) is connected to the crushing box (11).
8. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A conveyor belt (23) is provided in the crushing device (1), and the conveyor belt (23) is used to convey the peeled wood into the crushing box (11).
9. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crushing device (1) is further provided with an exhaust fan (19), and the exhaust fan (19) is connected to a collection box (20).
10. The fruit tree biochar preparation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The crushing device (1) is provided with a door (18) for taking out the collection box (20).