Artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on cuff

Abstract

An artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on a cuff comprises a catheter body, a suction tube, an oxygen supply tube, an indicating tube, an indicating balloon and an inflation cuff, the indicating tube is connected with the indicating balloon and the inflation cuff, the inflation cuff is arranged on the outer side of the catheter body in a sleeving mode, the suction tube, the oxygen supply tube and the indicating tube are fixedly installed on the catheter body, and the oxygen supply tube is connected with the inflation cuff. Wherein the ends, close to the exhalation machine, of the catheter body and the inflation cuff are near ends, the ends, away from the suction machine, of the catheter body and the inflation cuff are far ends, the inflation cuff is installed at the position, close to the far end, of the catheter body, the catheter body is provided with a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel, and the second channel is used for installing an indicating tube. The suction tube is arranged in the third channel in a penetrating mode and extends out of the third channel, the oxygen supply tube is arranged in the fourth channel in a penetrating mode, the fourth channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the outlet of the fourth channel is formed in the position close to the near end of the inflation cuff; the sputum pool can prevent secretions in the throat and the oral cavity from flowing into the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff, eliminates the local anaerobic environment of the sputum pool, is not beneficial to the growth of anaerobic bacteria, effectively prevents pathogenic bacteria and colonization bacteria from growing and breeding in the sputum pool, and improves the sputum pool quality. Therefore, the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff does not have retention secretions with pathogenic bacteria which can cause sputum pool mucosa infection or leakage into the lower respiratory tract to cause repeated pneumonia.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a mechanical ventilation device for patients with respiratory failure, in particular to an artificial airway which can prevent secretions from accumulating on the cuff. Background Art

[0002] Patients with respiratory failure who require mechanical ventilation require an artificial ventilator, which includes endotracheal intubation or insertion of a cannula through a tracheostomy. To ensure airway leaks during ventilation, the tracheostomy cannula or endotracheal tube cuff needs to be inflated. Regardless of whether tracheotomy or endotracheal intubation is performed, the patient's swallowing reflex, cough reflex and swallowing function are impaired to varying degrees. Secretions from the nasal cavity, oropharynx and gastroesophageal reflux will all enter the airway by mistake and be blocked and retained in the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff; the inflammatory secretions of sinusitis carry pathogenic bacteria, there are colonized bacteria in the oropharynx, and gastroesophageal reflux can carry gastrointestinal bacteria. These pathogenic bacteria and colonized bacteria can grow and multiply in the sputum pool in an oxygen-deficient environment; if the secretions in the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff are not cleared in time, the pathogenic bacteria and colonized bacteria that multiply in the sputum pool may cause infection of the airway mucosa in the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff, and some sputum pool secretions may leak into the lower respiratory tract through the gap between the inflatable cuff and the inner wall of the airway, leading to repeated infections of the lower respiratory tract and lungs. A flushable endotracheal tube or tracheotomy tube can eliminate secretions in the sputum pool by flushing and suctioning, but repeated suctioning can easily cause damage to the sputum pool mucosa and secondary infection, and suctioning does not change the local hypoxic environment of the sputum pool; at the same time, there is an interval between repeated suctioning, during which time the sputum pool secretions may also leak into the lower respiratory tract through the gap between the inflatable cuff and the inner wall of the airway; therefore, to completely avoid the leakage of sputum pool secretions into the lower respiratory tract, it is necessary to prevent the secretions from entering the sputum pool, but the current artificial channel cannot prevent the secretions from entering the sputum pool. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an artificial airway that can prevent secretion retention on the cuff in response to the deficiencies in the existing technology.

[0004] The technical solution of the present utility model is: an artificial airway capable of preventing secretion accumulation on the cuff, used for establishing a channel so that an external ventilator can perform mechanical ventilation on a patient with respiratory failure, comprising a catheter body, a suction tube, an oxygen supply tube, an indicator tube, an inflation one-way valve, an indicator balloon and an inflation cuff, wherein the indicator tube is connected to the indicator balloon and the inflation cuff, and the inflation cuff is sheathed on the outside of the catheter body, the suction tube, the oxygen supply tube and the indicator tube are mounted and fixed on the catheter body, wherein the proximal end is close to one end of the ventilator circuit, and the distal end is far away from one end of the ventilator circuit, the inflation cuff is mounted on the catheter body at a distal end, the catheter body is provided with a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel, the second channel is provided with the indicator tube, the proximal end of the indicator tube is provided with the indicator balloon and the inflation one-way valve in sequence, the suction tube is passed through the third channel and extends from the third channel, the oxygen supply tube is passed through the fourth channel, the fourth channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the outlet of the fourth channel is provided at a position close to the proximal end of the inflation cuff.

[0005] During use, connect the syringe to the joint of the inflation one-way valve and push open the one-way valve inside the inflation one-way valve by yourself, so that gas can be injected into or withdrawn from the indicator balloon. The injected gas reaches the inflation cuff through the indicator tube. After inflation, both the inflation cuff and the indicator balloon expand, and the expanded inflation cuff fits against the inner wall of the patient's trachea. The expanded indicator balloon helps to indirectly judge the inflation degree of the inflation cuff. After the syringe is pulled out, the inflation one-way valve automatically closes to prevent gas leakage; a sputum pool is formed in the space above the inflation cuff and the inner wall of the patient's trachea, which can retain secretions. The outlet of the fourth channel is connected to the sputum pool, and an external oxygen supply device provides constant and humidified oxygen through the oxygen supply tube, and the oxygen enters the oxygen supply tube and the sputum pool in turn.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first connector is further included. The first channel is distributed along the extension direction of the catheter body. The first connector is installed at the proximal opening of the catheter body. The first connector can be connected to the air supply port of the external ventilator breathing circuit.

[0007] In one embodiment, the distal opening of the catheter body is an oblique incision, and an oblique surface is formed at the incision.

[0008] In one embodiment, the catheter body is provided with a Murphy hole between the beveled surface and the inflation cuff. The Murphy hole penetrates inward from the outer surface of the catheter body and is communicated with the first channel.

[0009] In one embodiment, an indicator balloon and an inflation one-way valve are sequentially installed at the proximal end of the second channel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the third channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the third channel is provided at a proximal position of the inflation cuff of the catheter body, and the outlet of the third channel is provided at a proximal position of the catheter body close to the indicator balloon.

[0011] In one embodiment, a third connector is further included, which is installed on the suction tube. After the external negative pressure device is connected to the third connector, the secretions retained in the sputum pool are sucked out through the suction tube.

[0012] In one embodiment, the oxygen supply pipe includes a main pipe and several branch pipes connected to the main pipe, the proximal pipe inside the branch pipe is connected to the pipe inside the main pipe, and the opening of the distal pipe inside the branch pipe is located at the proximal end of the inflation cuff and is connected to the sputum pool; when the catheter body and the oxygen supply pipe are matched and installed, the branch pipes of the oxygen supply pipe correspond one-to-one with the fourth channel, and the branch pipes on the oxygen supply pipe are passed through the fourth channel.

[0013] In one embodiment, a fourth connector is provided at the inlet of the main pipe of the oxygen supply pipe. After the oxygen supply device is connected, the oxygen from the oxygen supply device enters the main pipe of the oxygen supply pipe, the branch pipe of the oxygen supply pipe, and the sputum pool in sequence.

[0014] The present invention has the beneficial effect of preventing secretion accumulation above the cuff by further providing an oxygen supply tube on the basis of the inflatable cuff. When the inflatable cuff is inflated, a sputum pool is formed in the space between the upper portion of the inflatable cuff and the airway wall. The oxygen supply tube is disposed within the fourth channel of the catheter body. Furthermore, the outlet of the fourth channel is connected to the sputum pool. An external oxygen supply device provides constant, humidified oxygen through the oxygen supply tube, which reaches the patient's throat and oral cavity through a bifurcated pipe of the oxygen supply tube and the outlet of the fourth channel. This prevents secretions from the throat and oral cavity from flowing into the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff, eliminates the anaerobic environment in the sputum pool, and is not conducive to the growth of anaerobic bacteria. This effectively prevents the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and colonizing bacteria in the sputum pool, thereby ensuring that the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff is free of retained secretions containing pathogenic bacteria and colonizing bacteria that could cause sputum pool mucosal infection or leak into the lower respiratory tract, leading to recurrent pneumonia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial airway capable of preventing secretion accumulation on the cuff according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 、 Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional views of the artificial airway at positions A and B are shown;

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the connection between the indicator tube, indicator balloon, and inflation cuff;

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram indicating the balloon is inflated;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the suction tube and indicator tube of the present invention installed on the catheter body;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the artificial airway of the present invention after being inserted into the patient's trachea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides an artificial airway that can prevent secretion accumulation on the cuff. It is used to establish a channel so that an external ventilator can provide mechanical ventilation for patients with respiratory failure. The artificial airway that prevents secretion accumulation on the cuff includes a catheter body 10, a suction tube 30, an oxygen supply tube 40, an indicator tube 20, an inflation check valve 80, an indicator balloon 60, and an inflation cuff 50. The indicator tube 20 connects the indicator balloon 60 and the inflation cuff 50. The inflation cuff 50 is sheathed on the outside of the catheter body 10. The suction tube 30, oxygen supply tube 40, and indicator tube 20 are mounted and fixed to the catheter body 10 through secondary molding. In the present invention, the end close to the ventilator circuit is the proximal end, and the end away from the suction circuit is the distal end. The indicator balloon 60 and the inflation check valve 80 are installed in sequence on the proximal end of the indicator tube 20.

[0028] The catheter body 10 is provided with a first channel 11, which is distributed along the extension direction of the catheter body 10. In the present invention, it also includes a first connector 71, which is installed at the proximal opening of the catheter body 10. The first connector 71 can be connected to the air supply port of the external ventilator breathing circuit to establish a mechanical ventilation circuit. The distal opening of the catheter body 10 is an oblique cut 12, which forms an oblique cut surface. The inflatable cuff 50 is installed at the distal end of the catheter body 10. The catheter body 10 is provided with a Murphy hole 13 between the oblique cut surface and the inflatable cuff 50. The Murphy hole 13 extends inward from the outer surface of the catheter body 10 and is connected to the first channel 11. When the distal end of the catheter body 10 is blocked, gas can enter and exit the patient's airway through this hole.

[0029] The catheter body 10 is also provided with a second channel 14, a third channel 15, and a plurality of fourth channels 16. The second channel 14, the third channel 15, and the fourth channel 16 are disposed between the inner wall of the first channel 11 and the outer side of the catheter body 10. The second channel 14 is used to mount an indicator tube 20. The second channel 14 has an inlet and an outlet, with the outlet located proximal to the inflatable cuff 50. The ends of the indicator tube 20 extend from the inlet and outlet of the second channel 14, respectively. Furthermore, the valve structure of the inflation check valve 80 is located at the proximal opening of the indicator balloon 60. The connector of the inflation check valve 80 is the second connector 72 of the present invention, located outside the indicator balloon 60 and capable of connecting to a syringe 110. The physician can use the syringe 110 to inject air into the second connector 72, thereby inflating the inflatable cuff 50. The indicator balloon 60 can be used to assist in determining the pressure within the inflatable cuff 50.

[0030] The third channel 15 is also provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the third channel 15 is arranged at a proximal position of the catheter body 10 close to the inflatable cuff 50, and the outlet of the third channel 15 is arranged at a proximal position close to the indicator balloon 60. The suction tube 30 is passed through the third channel 15 and extends from the third channel 15. The utility model further includes a third joint 73, which is installed on the suction tube 30. After the external negative pressure device is docked with the third joint 73, the secretions retained in the sputum pool are sucked through the suction tube 30.

[0031] In this embodiment, there are three fourth channels 16, spaced apart around the first channel 11. Each fourth channel 16 also has an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of the fourth channel 16 is located proximal to the inflatable cuff 50, and the outlet of the fourth channel 16 is flush with the outlet of the third channel 15. The oxygen supply tube 40 includes a main tube 41 and a plurality of bifurcated tubes 42 connected to the main tube 41. The proximal tubing within the bifurcated tubes 42 is connected to the tubing within the main tube 41, and the distal tubing opening within the bifurcated tubes 42 is located proximal to the inflatable cuff 50 and communicates with the sputum reservoir. When the catheter body 10 and the oxygen supply tube 40 are mated and installed, the bifurcated tubes 42 on the oxygen supply tube 40 correspond one-to-one with the fourth channels 16, and the bifurcated tubes 42 on the oxygen supply tube 40 are disposed within the fourth channel 16. In addition, the present invention also includes a fourth connector 74, which is arranged at the entrance of the main pipe 41 of the oxygen supply pipe 40. After connecting the external oxygen supply device, the oxygen of the oxygen supply device enters the main pipe 41 of the oxygen supply pipe 40, the branch pipe 42 of the oxygen supply pipe 40, and the sputum pool in sequence.

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the usage of the artificial airway of the present invention that can prevent secretion retention on the cuff:

[0033] During use, a tracheotomy tube or direct endotracheal intubation is used to insert the patient's trachea 100. The first connector 71, the second connector 72, the third connector 73, and the fourth connector 74 are arranged outside the patient's body. The syringe 110 is connected to the connector of the inflation check valve 80, and the check valve inside the inflation check valve 80 is automatically pushed open to inject gas into or withdraw gas from the indicator balloon 60. The injected gas reaches the inflation cuff 50 through the indicator tube 20. After inflation, the inflation cuff 50 and the indicator balloon 60 are both inflated. The inflated inflation cuff 50 is in contact with the inner wall of the patient's trachea. The inflated indicator balloon 60 helps to indirectly judge the inflation degree of the inflation cuff 50. After the syringe 110 is pulled out, the inflation check valve 80 is automatically closed to prevent gas leakage. The space between the upper part of the inflation cuff 50 and the inner wall of the patient's trachea 100 forms a sputum pool, which can retain secretions. The outlet of the third channel 15 and the outlet of the fourth channel 16 are connected to the sputum pool 101.

[0034] The first connector 71 is connected to the ventilator circuit, and the gas provided by the ventilator reaches the patient's airway and lungs through the internal channel of the catheter body 10; the external negative pressure device can suck the secretions retained in the sputum pool 101 through the suction tube 30;

[0035] After the oxygen supply device is connected, the external oxygen supply device provides constant, humidified oxygen through the oxygen supply tube 40. The oxygen from the oxygen supply device sequentially enters the main pipe 41 of the oxygen supply tube 40, the bifurcated pipe 42 of the oxygen supply tube 40, the sputum pool 101, and reaches the patient's throat and mouth. This can prevent the throat and mouth secretions from flowing into the sputum pool 101 above the inflatable cuff 50, and at the same time eliminate the local anaerobic environment of the sputum pool 101, which is not conducive to the growth of anaerobic bacteria. When the distal opening of the catheter body 10 is blocked, the gas can be diverted to the Murphy hole 13 to enter and exit the airway.

[0036] The beneficial effect of the artificial airway of the present invention in preventing secretion retention on the cuff is that: on the basis of the inflatable cuff 50, an oxygen supply tube 40 is further provided. After the inflatable cuff 50 is inflated, a sputum pool 101 is formed in the space between the upper part of the inflatable cuff 50 and the inner wall of the trachea. The oxygen supply tube 40 is passed through the fourth channel 16 of the catheter body 10. In addition, the outlet of the fourth channel 16 is connected to the sputum pool 101, and the external oxygen supply device provides constant, humidified oxygen through the oxygen supply pipe 40, which reaches the patient's throat and mouth through the bifurcated pipe 42 of the oxygen supply pipe 40 and the outlet of the fourth channel 16, thereby preventing the throat and mouth secretions from flowing into the sputum pool 101 above the inflatable cuff 50, and at the same time eliminating the local anaerobic environment of the sputum pool, which is not conducive to the growth of anaerobic bacteria, and effectively preventing pathogenic bacteria and colonizing bacteria from growing and multiplying in the sputum pool, thereby ensuring that the sputum pool above the inflatable cuff does not have retained secretions containing pathogens that can cause sputum pool mucosal infection or leak into the lower respiratory tract to cause recurrent pneumonia.

[0037] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0038] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present utility model patent shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An artificial airway capable of preventing secretion accumulation on the cuff, used to establish a channel so that an external ventilator can provide mechanical ventilation for a patient with respiratory failure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a catheter body, a suction tube, an oxygen supply tube, an indicator tube, an inflation one-way valve, an indicator balloon and an inflation cuff, wherein the indicator tube is connected to the indicator balloon and the inflation cuff, and the inflation cuff is sleeved on the outside of the catheter body, and the suction tube, the oxygen supply tube and the indicator tube are installed and fixed on the catheter body, wherein the end close to one end of the ventilator circuit is the proximal end, and the end away from one end of the ventilator circuit is the distal end, and the inflation cuff is installed on the catheter body near the distal end, and the catheter body is provided with a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel, the second channel is provided with an indicator tube, and the proximal end of the indicator tube is provided with an indicator balloon and an inflation one-way valve in sequence, the suction tube is passed through the third channel and extends from the third channel, the oxygen supply tube is passed through the fourth channel, the fourth channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the outlet of the fourth channel is provided near the proximal end of the inflation cuff; During use, connect the syringe to the joint of the inflation one-way valve and push open the one-way valve inside the inflation one-way valve by yourself, so that gas can be injected into or withdrawn from the indicator balloon. The injected gas reaches the inflation cuff through the indicator tube. After inflation, both the inflation cuff and the indicator balloon expand, and the expanded inflation cuff fits against the inner wall of the patient's trachea. The expanded indicator balloon helps to indirectly judge the inflation degree of the inflation cuff. After the syringe is pulled out, the inflation one-way valve automatically closes to prevent gas leakage; a sputum pool is formed in the space above the inflation cuff and the inner wall of the patient's trachea, which can retain secretions. The outlet of the fourth channel is connected to the sputum pool, and an external oxygen supply device provides constant and humidified oxygen through the oxygen supply tube, and the oxygen enters the oxygen supply tube and the sputum pool in turn.

2. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first connector. The first channel is distributed along the extension direction of the catheter body. The first connector is installed at the proximal opening of the catheter body. The first connector can be connected to the air supply port of the external ventilator breathing circuit.

3. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distal end opening of the catheter body is an oblique incision, and an oblique section is formed at the incision.

4. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 3, characterized in that: The catheter body is provided with a Murphy hole between the oblique cut surface and the inflation cuff. The Murphy hole penetrates inward from the outer surface of the catheter body and is communicated with the first channel.

5. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve structure of the inflation one-way valve is located at the proximal opening of the indicator balloon, and the connector of the inflation one-way valve is located outside the indicator balloon and can be connected to a syringe.

6. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the third channel is arranged at a position of the catheter body close to the proximal end of the inflation cuff, and the outlet of the third channel is arranged at a position of the catheter body close to the proximal end of the indicator balloon.

7. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third connector, which is installed on the suction tube. After the external negative pressure device is connected to the third connector, the secretions retained in the sputum pool are sucked out through the suction tube.

8. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply pipe includes a main pipe and several branch pipes connected to the main pipe. The proximal pipe inside the branch pipe is connected to the pipe inside the main pipe. The distal pipe opening inside the branch pipe is located at the proximal end of the inflation cuff and is connected to the sputum pool. When the catheter body and the oxygen supply pipe are matched and installed, the branch pipes of the oxygen supply pipe correspond one-to-one with the fourth channel, and the branch pipes on the oxygen supply pipe are passed through the fourth channel.

9. The artificial airway capable of preventing secretion retention on the cuff according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inlet of the main pipeline of the oxygen supply pipe is provided with a fourth joint. After the oxygen supply device is connected, the oxygen from the oxygen supply device enters the main pipeline of the oxygen supply pipe, the bifurcated pipeline of the oxygen supply pipe and the sputum pool in sequence.

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