Tool clamp capable of achieving accurate positioning based on small holes in thin-wall part

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tool clamp capable of achieving accurate positioning based on a small hole in a thin-wall part. The tool clamp is composed of an accurate positioning device, a fixed clamping device and a cross-shaped ball screw guide rail. According to the precise positioning device, a piston rod of an expansion air cylinder is controlled by the expansion air cylinder to move and move upwards to extrude a rubber ball, so that the rubber ball is evenly expanded in the radial direction until a small hole of the thin-wall part is tightly filled, and precise positioning of the thin-wall part is achieved. The fixed clamping device controls a pressing head through a clamping air cylinder and applies certain pressure to clamp the thin-wall part. According to the cross-shaped ball screw guide rail, the two vertically-arranged ball screw guide rails are matched with the small air cylinder to achieve movement of a piston rod of the small air cylinder in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, so that the device can support the thin-wall part with the weak rigidity from multiple directions and different angles, and the machining quality of the thin-wall part is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of thin-walled workpiece processing, in particular to a tooling fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled workpiece. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, metal cutting of thin-walled parts has always been difficult. If thin-walled parts are not adequately clamped during machining, they are prone to significant deformation. Furthermore, initial positioning of the raw material is crucial for mass production of thin-walled parts. In actual production, thin-walled parts must be positioned and clamped before machining. Since some thin-walled parts only have small holes, using cylindrical pins for positioning often requires a diameter slightly smaller than the hole to facilitate workpiece placement. This makes it difficult to fully clamp the thin-walled part. Adding material between the pin and the hole for clamping is also difficult, resulting in slight planar movement of the thin-walled part and making it difficult to accurately position the part. When using conical pins for positioning, due to errors in hole machining and the influence of the pin's placement, the contact point between the thin-walled part and the pin may not be on the same horizontal plane, causing the thin-walled part to tilt. These two traditional positioning methods make it difficult to accurately position thin-walled parts with only small holes. Therefore, it is necessary to design a fixture that can achieve precise positioning based on the small holes in thin-walled parts. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to accurately position small holes in thin-walled parts, and to provide a fixture that can achieve accurate positioning based on small holes in thin-walled parts.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention relates to a tool fixture for achieving precise positioning based on small holes on thin-walled parts, comprising a thin-walled part, a precise positioning device, a fixing and tightening device, and a cross ball screw guide rail. The precise positioning device comprises a support block, an expansion cylinder body, a T-shaped connecting rod, an air hole, a rubber ball, an expansion cylinder piston rod, a sealing ring, and a threaded hole. The support block comprises a support block upper plate, a pillar, and a support block lower plate. A through hole is provided at the center position of the support block upper plate, and a section of thread is provided from top to bottom. A section of thread is provided on the outer diameter of the upper part of the expansion cylinder body, which is connected and matched with the support block upper plate, and two sections or one section of thread is provided on the inner diameter of the lower part, which can be connected to the air pipe and the T-shaped connecting rod. A thread is provided at the tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod, and an air hole is provided radially near the tail end along the axial direction. The rubber ball is placed between the T-shaped connecting rod and the expansion cylinder piston rod, and the sealing ring is bound to the thread at the tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod.

[0006] The fixing and clamping device comprises a clamping cylinder body, a clamping cylinder piston rod, and a pressure head.

[0007] The cross ball screw guide includes a lower ball screw guide, a small cylinder body, a small cylinder piston rod, a pad, an upper ball screw guide, and a slide. The lower ball screw guide includes a lower guide rail, a lower screw, and a lower motor. The pad includes a steel wheel, a steel wheel shaft, and a pad. The upper ball screw guide includes an upper guide rail, an upper screw, and an upper motor. Three through holes are set on the side of the upper guide rail, and the middle through hole is threaded, which is assembled with the two guide columns on the lower guide rail and the lower screw. Three through holes are also set on the side of the slide, and the middle through hole is threaded. The small cylinder body is fixedly connected to the top surface of the slide through the bottom surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the support block includes an upper plate, pillars, and a lower plate. A through hole is provided in the center of the upper plate, and a thread is provided from top to bottom, which is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the expansion cylinder body. Four pillars are provided between the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0009] Furthermore, through holes are provided at the center of the top and bottom of the expansion cylinder body, and two sections of threads are provided at the bottom. From top to bottom, the first section of threads is connected and fixed to the T-shaped connecting rod, and the second section of threads is connected to the trachea. The trachea is inflated to provide power. The T-shaped connecting rod is axially close to the tail end, and an air hole is provided in the vertical axis. The diameter of the air hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the T-shaped connecting rod, and a hole is provided in the center of the tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod. A sealing ring is bound to the top of the tail end thread. The outer diameter of the expansion cylinder piston rod head is equal to the maximum outer diameter of the T-shaped connecting rod, and when the expansion cylinder piston rod reaches the downward limit, the tail end shall not exceed the air hole. At this time, the rubber ball is between the rod head of the T-shaped connecting rod and the rod head of the expansion cylinder piston rod, which is a normal state.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the utility model provides a fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled part, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. The utility model prevents the thin-walled parts from moving in the horizontal direction by cooperating with the small holes on the thin-walled parts through two or three precise positioning devices, thereby achieving precise positioning of the thin-walled parts processing, improving production efficiency, and ensuring that the quality of the thin-walled parts meets production requirements.

[0012] 2. The utility model arranges multiple cross ball screw guides from different directions and angles at the weak points of the thin-walled parts, thereby further fixing and clamping the thin-walled parts and avoiding excessive stress deformation during the processing of the thin-walled parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled part provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of the assembly of a precise positioning device and a thin-walled part in a fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on the thin-walled part provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a fixing clamping device in a fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled part provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cross ball screw guide in a fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole in a thin-walled part provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 A top view of a pad in a tooling fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole in a thin-walled part, provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] In the picture:

[0019] 1. Thin-walled parts; 2. Precision positioning device; 3. Fixed clamping device; 4. Cross ball screw guide.

[0020] 21. Support block; 22. Expansion cylinder body; 23. T-shaped connecting rod; 24. Air hole; 25. Rubber ball; 26. Expansion cylinder piston rod; 27. Sealing ring; 31. Clamping cylinder body; 32. Clamping cylinder piston rod; 33. Pressure head; 41. Lower ball screw guide; 42. Small cylinder body; 43. Small cylinder piston rod; 44. Spacer; 45. Upper ball screw guide; 46. Slide.

[0021] 211. Support block upper plate; 212. Pillar; 213. Support block lower plate; 411. Lower guide rail; 412. Lower screw; 413. Lower motor; 441. Steel wheel; 442. Steel wheel shaft; 443. Pad; 451. Upper guide rail; 452. Upper screw; 453. Upper motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, Figure 1 To the attached Figure 5 The present invention is further described in detail.

[0023] A tooling fixture for achieving precise positioning based on small holes on thin-walled parts, comprising a thin-walled part 1, a precise positioning device 2, a fixed clamping device 3, and a cross ball screw guide 4. The precise positioning device 2 comprises a support block 21, an expansion cylinder body 22, a T-shaped connecting rod 23, an air hole 24, a rubber ball 25, an expansion cylinder piston rod 26, and a sealing ring 27. The support block 21 comprises a support block upper plate 211, a pillar 212, and a support block lower plate 213. A through hole is provided at the center of the support block upper plate 211, and a section of thread is provided from top to bottom. A section of thread is provided on the upper part of the expansion cylinder body 22, which is connected to the support block upper plate 211. There are four pillars 212, which connect the support block upper plate 211 and the support block lower plate 213.

[0024] The expansion cylinder body 22 is provided with a thread on the inner hole of the lower part, which can be connected to the trachea to provide power to realize the up and down movement of the expansion cylinder piston rod 26. The tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod 23 is provided with a thread and is connected to the expansion cylinder body 22. An air hole 24 is provided radially near the tail end along the axial direction, and a hole is provided on the small end face of the T-shaped connecting rod 23. The depth of the hole exceeds the position of the air hole by a distance. The rubber ball 25 is placed between the T-shaped connecting rod 23 and the expansion cylinder piston rod 26. When the trachea is inflated into the expansion cylinder body 22, the expansion cylinder piston rod 26 moves upward, causing the rubber ball 25 to expand evenly in the radial direction. The sealing ring 27 is bound to the thread at the tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod 23 to ensure the air tightness of the device.

[0025] After the precise positioning device 2 is assembled, two or three are placed under the thin-walled part 1 so that the thin-walled part 1 is aligned with the T-shaped connecting rod 23 to achieve a rough positioning effect. Then, under the action of the air circuit, the expansion cylinder piston rod 26 moves upward, causing the rubber ball 25 to gradually and evenly expand in the radial direction until the rubber ball 25 fills the small hole tightly, thereby achieving precise positioning of the thin-walled part 1.

[0026] The fixing and clamping device 3 includes a clamping cylinder body 31, a clamping cylinder piston rod 32, and a pressure head 33. The pressure head 33 is moved up and down in the vertical direction or rotated in the horizontal direction through the action of the air circuit, and the pressure head is moved to a position close to the thin-walled part 1. A certain pressure is continued to be applied to fix the thin-walled part 1.

[0027] The cross ball screw guide 4 includes a lower ball screw guide 41, a small cylinder body 42, a small cylinder piston rod 43, a pad 44, an upper ball screw guide 45, and a slide 46. The lower ball screw guide 41 includes a lower guide rail 411, a lower screw 412, and a lower motor 413. The upper ball screw guide 45 includes an upper guide rail 451, an upper screw 452, and an upper motor 453. Three through holes are set on the side of the upper guide rail 451, and the middle through hole is threaded and assembled with the two guide columns on the lower guide rail 411 and the lower screw 412. The two are placed vertically. The side of the slide 46 is also provided with three through holes, and the middle through hole is threaded. The guide rail 451 is assembled, and the lower motor 413 is started to drive the lower screw 412 to rotate. The lower screw can make the upper guide rail reciprocate through the action of the internal ball. The working principle of the upper ball screw guide is consistent with it, driving the slide 46 to reciprocate. The small cylinder body 42 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the slide 46 through the bottom surface. The lower ball screw guide 411 is used in conjunction with the upper ball screw guide 451 to realize the movement of the small cylinder in the X and Y directions, drive the small cylinder, and move the small cylinder piston rod 423 in the Z direction, so that the cross ball screw guide 4 is adjusted to the weak point of the thin-walled part 1, which plays a role in assisting the fixation and clamping of the thin-walled part 1 and improving the processing quality.

[0028] The pad 44 includes a steel wheel 441, a steel wheel shaft 442, and a pad 443. The steel wheel 442 is assembled with the steel wheel 443 shaft. A hole is set on the pad 443 to be assembled with the roller shaft 442. The top surface of the pad 44 is connected to the bottom surface of the upper motor 453, which can not only support the upper motor 453, but also enable the lower motor 413 to drive the lower screw 412 to drive the upper guide rail 451 to move faster.

[0029] The cross ball screw guide rails 4 can be provided in plurality and arranged at the weak rigidity places of the thin-walled part 1 .

[0030] The number of the support blocks 21 can be greater than the number of small holes required for precise positioning, and is used to support the thin-walled component 1 .

[0031] The working process of this utility model is mainly divided into precise positioning, fixed clamping and auxiliary fixed support:

[0032] Precise positioning: Two to three precise positioning devices 2 are assembled with the thin-walled part 1, and the T-shaped connecting rod 23 realizes the rough positioning of the thin-walled part. The expansion cylinder is started simultaneously or separately to drive the expansion cylinder piston rod 26 to move up and down. The rubber ball 25 is squeezed by the T-shaped connecting rod 23 and the expansion cylinder piston rod 26, and expands evenly in the radial direction until it completely fills the small hole of the clamping thin-walled part 1, so that the thin-walled part 1 is fixed in the horizontal direction to achieve precise positioning.

[0033] Fixed clamping: The pressure head 33 is moved up and down in the vertical direction or rotated in the horizontal direction through the action of the air path, and the pressure head is moved to a position close to the thin-walled part 1. A certain pressure is continued to be applied to fix the thin-walled part 1.

[0034] Auxiliary fixed support: After the auxiliary fixed support device 4 is assembled, multiple devices can be arranged from different directions and angles to drive the lower motor 413 to move the upper guide rail 451 in the Y direction, and drive the upper motor 453 to move the slide 46 with the small cylinder in the X direction. Under the action of the air path, the small cylinder piston rod 43 moves in the Z direction, so that the cross ball screw guide rail 4 can be adjusted to the weak point of the thin-walled part 1, thereby playing the role of auxiliary fixed support of the thin-walled part 1.

[0035] In this case, the precise positioning of thin-walled parts is achieved by compressing the rubber ball. Alternatively, the precise positioning of thin-walled parts can be achieved by first stretching the rubber ball and then allowing it to rebound, while ensuring that the rubber ball is securely connected to the expansion cylinder piston rod and T-shaped connecting rod.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other similar connection methods can also implement the present invention, such as welding, bonding or screwing, and other similar power devices can also implement the present invention, such as hydraulic devices. This device can be used for precise positioning and fixed clamping of small holes in thin-walled parts, can replace the corresponding part sizes, and can also be used for precise positioning and fixed clamping of large holes in thin-walled parts.

[0037] The above description is merely illustrative of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It goes without saying that those skilled in the art will be able to modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled part, characterized in that: The invention comprises a thin-walled part (1), a precise positioning device (2), a fixing clamping device (3), and a cross ball screw guide rail (4); the precise positioning device (2) comprises a support block (21), an expansion cylinder body (22), a T-shaped connecting rod (23), an air hole (24), a rubber ball (25), an expansion cylinder piston rod (26), and a sealing ring (27); the support block (21) comprises a support block upper plate (211), a support column (212), and a support block lower plate (213); a through hole is provided at the center of the support block upper plate (211), and a through hole is provided from top to bottom. A thread is provided at the bottom, a thread is provided at the upper part of the expansion cylinder body (22), and the thread is connected to the upper plate (211) of the support block. Two or one thread sections are provided on the inner diameter of the lower part, and the thread can be connected to the air pipe or the T-shaped connecting rod (23). The tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod (23) is provided with a thread, and an air hole (24) is provided in the radial direction near the tail end along the axial direction. The rubber ball (25) is placed between the T-shaped connecting rod (23) and the expansion cylinder piston rod (26). The sealing ring (27) is bound to the thread at the tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod (23); The fixing clamping device (3) comprises a clamping cylinder body (31), a clamping cylinder piston rod (32), and a pressure head (33); The cross ball screw guide rail (4) includes a lower ball screw guide rail (41), a small cylinder body (42), a small cylinder piston rod (43), a cushion block (44), an upper ball screw guide rail (45), and a slide (46); the lower ball screw guide rail (41) includes a lower guide rail (411), a lower screw rod (412), and a lower motor (413); the cushion block (44) includes a steel wheel (441), a steel wheel shaft (442), and a pad (443); The upper ball screw guide rail (45) includes an upper guide rail (451), an upper screw rod (452), and an upper motor (453). The upper guide rail (451) is provided with three through holes on its side, and the middle through hole is provided with a thread. The upper guide rail (451) is assembled with two guide posts on the lower guide rail (411) and the lower screw rod (412). The slide (46) is also provided with three through holes on its side, and the middle through hole is provided with a thread. The small cylinder body (42) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the slide (46) through its bottom surface.

2. A fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support block (21) comprises a support block upper plate (211), pillars (212), and a support block lower plate (213). A through hole is provided at the center of the support block upper plate (211), and a section of thread is provided from top to bottom, which is connected to the external thread of the expansion cylinder body (22). Four pillars (212) are provided between the support block upper plate (211) and the support block lower plate.

3. The fixture for achieving precise positioning based on a small hole on a thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion cylinder body (22) is provided with through holes at the top and bottom centers, and one or two sections of threads are provided at the bottom; the connection mode from top to bottom is as follows: the first section of threads is connected and fixed with the T-shaped connecting rod (23), and the second section of threads is connected with the air pipe, and the air pipe is inflated to provide power; the T-shaped connecting rod (23) is provided with an air hole (24) in the radial direction near the tail end along the axial direction, and the diameter of the air hole (24) is smaller than the outer diameter of the T-shaped connecting rod (23), and a hole is provided at the center of the tail end of the T-shaped connecting rod (23), and a sealing ring (27) is bound to the top of the tail end thread; the outer diameter of the head of the expansion cylinder piston rod (26) is equal to the maximum outer diameter of the T-shaped connecting rod (23), and when the expansion cylinder piston rod (26) reaches the downward limit, the tail end shall not go beyond the air hole (24), and at this time the rubber ball (25) is located between the rod head of the T-shaped connecting rod (23) and the rod head of the expansion cylinder piston rod (26), which is a normal state.

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