Electric flocculation air flotation machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an electric flocculation air flotation machine. The device comprises a machine body, an anode plate and a cathode plate are arranged in the machine body, trivalent aluminum ions or divalent iron ions generated in the electrolysis process are hydrolyzed to form a flocculating agent, and meanwhile, oxygen and hydrogen microbubbles are generated, so that suspended solids in water are effectively removed. The equipment structurally comprises electrode fixers, partition plates, a primary settling zone and a concentration zone which are symmetrically arranged, and an oxygen outlet and a hydrogen outlet which are formed in the top. The nitrogen box is connected with the interior of the machine body through the connecting pipe to prevent the hydrogen density from being too large. The device disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of low investment cost, low operation and maintenance cost, small occupied area, high automation degree and the like, can efficiently treat various types of wastewater, is particularly suitable for wastewater treatment in industries such as printing and dyeing, chemical engineering and hospitals, can achieve an efficient water purification effect without adding chemical agents, and is suitable for popularization and application. Meanwhile, the generated sludge is small in amount, high in compactness and easy to treat subsequently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an electric flocculation flotation machine. Background Art

[0002] With rapid economic development and accelerated urbanization, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, especially the discharge of industrial wastewater, which has placed tremendous pressure on the environment. Traditional sewage treatment methods, such as physical, chemical, and biological methods, while effective in treating wastewater, generally suffer from several shortcomings. For example, coagulation requires the addition of large amounts of chemicals, which not only increases treatment costs but also may cause secondary pollution. Biological treatment methods require a long time and are ineffective in removing certain difficult-to-degrade organic matter. Furthermore, these traditional methods often produce large amounts of sludge during the treatment process, increasing the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment.

[0003] In recent years, electrocoagulation flotation has garnered widespread attention as a novel wastewater treatment technology. However, existing electrocoagulation flotation machines suffer from complex structures, difficult maintenance, inadequate treatment efficiency, particularly poor removal of certain pollutants, low automation levels requiring extensive manual intervention, high energy consumption leading to increased operating costs, limited adaptability to varying water quality conditions, persistent sludge treatment issues, large equipment size and footprint, and insufficient operational stability. These shortcomings have limited the widespread adoption and effective use of electrocoagulation flotation technology in practical applications. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an electric flocculation flotation machine to solve the problems of the existing electric flocculation flotation machine in terms of low processing efficiency, high energy consumption, poor adaptability and insufficient operation stability.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an electric flocculation flotation machine is provided, comprising a machine body, wherein electrode holders are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the machine body, an anode plate and a cathode plate are respectively provided in the electrode holders, two symmetrical partitions are provided between the two electrode holders inside the machine body, an oxygen outlet is provided at the top of the machine body corresponding to the anode plate, and a hydrogen outlet is provided at the top of the machine body corresponding to the cathode plate.

[0006] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a preliminary precipitation area is provided below the electrode holder, and the preliminary precipitation area includes two symmetrical inclined plates.

[0007] As a further improvement of this technical solution, a concentration zone is provided below the preliminary precipitation zone.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are further provided on the bottom side of the interior of the machine body, and water valves are provided on both the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a connecting plate is provided on the outer wall of the cathode plate side of the machine body, and a nitrogen box is provided on the upper end of the connecting plate. The nitrogen box is connected to the upper part of the machine body through a connecting pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of this technical solution, a power supply control console is provided on an outer side wall of the machine body.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the machine body, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting frame, and four symmetrical wheels are provided below the bottom plate.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. This electro-flocculation flotation machine significantly enhances flocculation and flotation performance through optimized electrode plate design and layout. The highly active flocculant formed during the electrolysis of trivalent aluminum or divalent iron ions effectively adsorbs and removes pollutants such as suspended solids, COD, BOD5, and heavy metals. Simultaneously, tiny oxygen and hydrogen bubbles more effectively capture and carry these pollutants upward, forming a scum layer and achieving efficient solid-liquid separation. Experimental data shows that under certain conditions, this device can achieve a 95% turbidity removal rate and a 59% COD removal rate, significantly exceeding the treatment efficiency of traditional coagulation methods.

[0014] 2. In this electro-flocculation flotation machine, separate outlets for oxygen and hydrogen allow for better control of bubble distribution and size. Oxygen and hydrogen bubbles are generated in different locations during the electrolysis process. Separate outlets allow for a more even distribution of bubbles in the water, enhancing the flotation effect. Tiny hydrogen bubbles (approximately 10-30 μm) and slightly larger oxygen bubbles (approximately 20-60 μm) are able to more effectively capture and carry suspended matter upward, forming a stable scum layer and achieving efficient solid-liquid separation. This optimized bubble distribution not only improves treatment efficiency but also ensures consistent and stable treatment results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the overall three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the body part of the present utility model.

[0018] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0019] Among them: 1. Body; 2. Connecting frame; 3. Wheels; 4. Oxygen outlet; 5. Hydrogen outlet; 6. Nitrogen box; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Connecting pipe; 9. Water outlet pipe; 10. Power control console; 11. Water inlet pipe; 12. Water valve; 13. Anode plate; 14. Cathode plate; 15. Preliminary precipitation area; 16. Inclined plate; 17. Partition; 18. Concentration area; 19. Electrode holder; 20. Bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an electro-flocculation flotation machine, comprising a machine body 1, with electrode holders 19 symmetrically positioned on both side walls. Each of the electrode holders 19 houses an anode plate 13 and a cathode plate 14. Two symmetrical partitions 17 are positioned between the two electrode holders 19 within the machine body 1 to ensure uniform water distribution and enhance treatment efficiency. An oxygen outlet 4 is positioned at the top of the machine body 1, corresponding to the anode plate 13, and a hydrogen outlet 5 is positioned at the top of the machine body 1, corresponding to the cathode plate 14. This effectively separates the oxygen and hydrogen produced during the electrolysis process, improving safety and optimizing bubble distribution.

[0024] Below the electrode holder 19 is a preliminary sedimentation zone 15, comprising two symmetrical inclined plates 16, for initially settling larger suspended solids, reducing the load on subsequent treatment. Below this zone 15 is a concentration zone 18, which further concentrates the sediment for subsequent sludge processing. The bottom of the body 1 also features an inlet pipe 11 and an outlet pipe 9. Both pipes are equipped with valves 12, which regulate the inlet and outlet flow rates to ensure stability during the treatment process.

[0025] A connecting plate 7 is installed on the outer wall of the body 1, adjacent to the cathode plate 14. A nitrogen tank 6 is located above the connecting plate 7, connected to the upper interior of the body 1 via a connecting pipe 8. The introduction of nitrogen further enhances the flotation effect and increases the removal rate of pollutants. A power control console 10 is also installed on the outer wall of the body 1, controlling the power supply and operating parameters of the entire device, achieving automated control and streamlining the operational process.

[0026] The lower end of the body 1 is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 2, and the lower end of the connecting frame 2 is fixedly connected to a base plate 20. Four symmetrical wheels 3 are provided under the base plate 20, so that the equipment has good mobility and is convenient for sewage treatment operations in different locations.

[0027] In actual operation, wastewater to be treated enters the body 1 through the water inlet pipe 11. Under the action of direct current, the anode plate 13 dissolves and produces trivalent aluminum ions or divalent iron ions. These ions combine with OH- in the water to form a highly effective flocculant. Simultaneously, the electrolysis process produces oxygen bubbles on the anode plate 13 and hydrogen bubbles on the cathode plate 14. As these tiny bubbles rise, they absorb lightweight suspended particles or hydrophobic substances, bringing them to the surface to form a scum layer, thereby achieving solid-liquid separation. The preliminary sedimentation zone 15 and concentration zone 18 further remove larger suspended particles, improving treatment efficiency.

[0028] An electroflocculation flotation system is a water treatment device that combines electrolysis, flocculation, and flotation technologies. Its operating principle is: aluminum or iron metal is used as an anode in the water to be purified. During the electrolysis process, these anode materials dissolve and release trivalent aluminum ions or divalent iron ions into the solution. These ions further hydrolyze to form an effective flocculant. Simultaneously, during the electrolysis reaction, oxygen bubbles are generated at the anode, while hydrogen bubbles are generated at the cathode. As these tiny bubbles rise, they carry suspended matter to the surface, forming a scum layer. Simultaneously, the trivalent aluminum ions (or divalent iron ions) and their hydrolysis products interact with suspended impurities, promoting flocculation. Compared to traditional coagulation methods, electroflocculation flotation offers advantages such as requiring no chemical coagulants, eliminating residual anions and impurities, and generating an electric field that shifts particle repulsion to attraction. Furthermore, the O2 and H2 bubbles generated by this method can adsorb lightweight suspended particles or hydrophobic substances, thereby separating them from the water. Studies have shown that under certain conditions, this method can achieve a turbidity removal rate of 95% and a COD removal rate of 59%.

[0029] Electrocoagulation flotation technology is suitable for wastewater treatment in a variety of industries, including but not limited to printing and dyeing, chemicals, healthcare, leather processing, and electroplating. It purifies water through four major mechanisms: electrolytic oxidation, reduction, flocculation, and flotation. Electrolytic oxidation is divided into two forms: direct oxidation, where pollutants are directly oxidized by losing electrons at the anode; indirect oxidation, where anions such as OH- and Cl- lose electrons at the anode to generate stronger oxidants such as [O], [OH], and Cl2, which then decompose organic matter in the water. Electrolytic reduction also involves direct and indirect reduction pathways. The former involves pollutants receiving electrons at the cathode for reduction; the latter involves high-valent metal cations first accepting electrons and converting to a lower-valent state before precipitation. Electrolytic flocculation, on the other hand, involves dissolving metals such as iron or aluminum at the anode into ions such as Fe2+ and Al3+. These ions then combine with OH- to form highly efficient flocculants, which adsorb, bridge, and capture pollutants for co-precipitation. As for electrolytic flotation, it uses electrolysis to produce a large number of small-diameter (hydrogen bubbles are about 10-30μm, oxygen bubbles are about 20-60μm). These bubbles can more effectively capture tiny impurity particles, helping them to separate from the liquid medium and float to the surface for removal.

[0030] The core component of electrocoagulation flotation equipment is the electrode plate. Electrode plates of appropriate materials, such as iron, aluminum, titanium, graphite, or lead dioxide, are selected based on the type of pollutant to be removed, ensuring strong flocculation, oxidation, reduction, and flotation. Equipment design and electrode material selection are based on extensive research and development experiments and extensive engineering practice. This treatment method offers low investment costs, low operating and maintenance expenses, no need for additional chemical agents, a small footprint, simple operation, a high degree of automation, fast processing speeds, and high efficiency. It not only has wide applicability and can effectively address a wide range of pollutants, but also produces low-volume, highly compacted sludge, facilitating subsequent disposal.

[0031] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrocoagulation flotation machine, comprising a machine body (1), characterized in that: Electrode holders (19) are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the machine body (1), and an anode plate (13) and a cathode plate (14) are respectively provided in the electrode holders (19). Two symmetrical partitions (17) are provided between the two electrode holders (19) inside the machine body (1). An oxygen outlet (4) is provided at the top of the machine body (1) at a position corresponding to the anode plate (13), and a hydrogen outlet (5) is provided at the top of the machine body (1) at a position corresponding to the cathode plate (14).

2. The electro-flocculation flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A preliminary precipitation area (15) is provided below each of the electrode holders (19), and the preliminary precipitation area (15) includes two symmetrical inclined plates (16).

3. The electro-flocculation flotation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A concentration zone (18) is provided below the preliminary precipitation zone (15).

4. The electro-flocculation flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (11) and a water outlet pipe (9) are also provided on the bottom side of the machine body (1), and a water valve (12) is provided on both the water inlet pipe (11) and the water outlet pipe (9).

5. The electro-flocculation air floatation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body (1) is provided with a connecting plate (7) on the outer side wall of one side of the cathode plate (14), and a nitrogen box (6) is provided on the upper end of the connecting plate (7). The nitrogen box (6) is connected to the upper part of the interior of the machine body (1) through a connecting pipe (8).

6. The electro-flocculation flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer side wall of the machine body (1) is provided with a power supply control console (10).

7. The electro-flocculation flotation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the machine body (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (2), the lower end of the connecting frame (2) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (20), and four symmetrical wheels (3) are provided below the bottom plate (20).

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