Photovoltaic power generation double-shaft mechanism capable of automatically adjusting azimuth angle and elevation angle according to sunlight

Abstract

According to the photovoltaic power generation double-shaft mechanism capable of automatically adjusting the azimuth angle and the elevation angle according to sunlight, a solar photovoltaic panel assembly is installed on a photovoltaic panel frame, and the upper end of a supporting column is movably connected with an azimuth angle rotating mechanism; the azimuth angle rotating mechanism is further fixedly connected with the lower portion of the supporting frame, the outer side of the supporting frame is movably connected with an elevation angle adjusting mechanism, the elevation angle adjusting mechanism is further movably connected with the photovoltaic panel frame, and the inner side of the supporting frame is rotationally connected to the lower middle portion of the photovoltaic panel frame; the four corners of the photovoltaic panel frame are respectively provided with an optical sensor, and the controller is respectively connected with the optical sensors, the azimuth angle rotation mechanism and the elevating angle adjusting mechanism. According to the utility model, the azimuth angle swing mechanism automatically adjusts the angle according to sunlight irradiation or wind direction, the elevation angle adjusting mechanism adjusts the angle according to sunlight irradiation on the light induction sheet, the working efficiency and the working life of the photovoltaic panel are improved, the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to be always perpendicular to the light according to the sunlight irradiation, and the working efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism which can automatically adjust the azimuth angle and the altitude angle according to sunlight, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for clean energy continues to grow, photovoltaic power generation has been widely used as an important form of renewable energy. Traditional fixed-mounted photovoltaic panels have low efficiency in receiving solar energy because the position of the sun changes throughout the day and in different seasons.

[0003] To improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, researchers have begun developing automatically adjustable photovoltaic brackets. These brackets can adjust the orientation and tilt of photovoltaic panels in real time based on the position and angle of the sun, thereby maximizing the amount of solar energy received. In the early days of the technology, the adjustment methods of photovoltaic brackets were relatively simple and crude, with room for improvement in accuracy and reliability. However, with the continuous advancement of sensor technology, control technology, and mechanical manufacturing technology, photovoltaic brackets with automatic adjustment are becoming increasingly intelligent, precise, and efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The utility model provides a photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts the azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight, which is used to solve the problem of low efficiency caused by the inconvenience of adjusting the direction and inclination of photovoltaic panels when receiving solar energy in photovoltaic power generation.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is: a photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts the azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight, comprising: a support column 801, a support frame 4, a photovoltaic panel frame 1, an azimuth rotation mechanism 7 and an altitude adjustment mechanism 5; a solar photovoltaic panel assembly 2 is installed on the photovoltaic panel frame 1,

[0006] The lower end of the support column 801 is fixed with a grounding flange 802, and the upper end of the support column 801 is movably connected to an azimuth rotation mechanism 7; the azimuth rotation mechanism 7 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 4, and the outer side of the support frame 4 is movably connected to the altitude adjustment mechanism 5, and the upper end of the elevator screw 3 of the altitude adjustment mechanism 5 is also movably connected to the photovoltaic panel frame 1, and the inner side of the support frame 4 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the photovoltaic panel frame 1;

[0007] The four corners of the photovoltaic panel frame 1 are respectively equipped with light sensors 9 , which are connected to a controller. The controller is also connected to the azimuth angle rotation mechanism 7 and the altitude angle adjustment mechanism 5 .

[0008] Furthermore, a grounding flange 802 is fixed to the lower end of the support column 801, and the grounding flange 802 is fixed to the ground by bolts;

[0009] The azimuth rotation mechanism 7 includes an azimuth driver, an azimuth drive coupling 701, an azimuth drive reducer 702, an azimuth drive reducer connecting nut 703, an azimuth drive reducer connecting bolt 704, and a rotating member 6; the azimuth drive reducer 702 is fixed to the upper end side of the support column 801 by the azimuth drive reducer connecting nut 703 and the azimuth drive reducer connecting bolt 704;

[0010] The upper end of the support column 801 is movably connected to a rotating part 6, and the rotating part 6 includes a gear 601 and a rotary support gear 602, which is connected to the azimuth drive coupling 701 and the azimuth drive reducer 702 through the azimuth drive driver. The output shaft of the azimuth drive reducer 702 is connected to the gear 601, and the gear 601 is meshed with the rotary support gear 602. The lower end of the rotary support gear 602 is movably connected to the upper end of the support column 801, and the upper end of the rotary support gear 602 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 4. The optical sensor 9 is connected to the controller, and the controller is specifically also connected to the azimuth driver.

[0011] Furthermore, the elevation angle adjustment mechanism 5 includes an elevator screw 3, a worm gear support seat 501, a worm gear pad 502, a connecting bolt 503, a drive coupling 504, an elevation angle driver 505, a housing end cover connecting bolt 506, a worm gear housing end cover 507, a worm 508, a worm bearing assembly 509, a worm wheel 510, and a worm gear housing 511;

[0012] The worm gear support seat 501 is rotatably connected to one side of the support frame 4, and a worm gear pad 502 is fixed on the worm gear support seat 501, and the worm gear pad 502 is provided with a worm gear box 511 through a connecting bolt 503, and the left and right sides of the worm gear box 511 are provided with worm gear end covers 507 through box end cover connecting bolts 506, and a worm gear 510, a worm 508, and a worm bearing group 509 are provided in the worm gear box 511; the altitude angle driver 505 is fixed on the worm gear support seat 501, and the altitude angle driver 505 is connected to the worm 508 through the driving coupling 504, and the worm bearing group 509 is placed on both sides of the worm 508, and the two ends of the worm 508 are movably connected to the worm gear end covers 507 through the worm bearing group 509;

[0013] The upper end of the elevator screw rod 3 is rotatably connected to the photovoltaic panel frame 1 , the middle end of the elevator screw rod 3 is threadedly connected to the worm gear 510 , the light sensor 9 is connected to the controller, and the controller is specifically further connected to the altitude angle driver 505 .

[0014] Furthermore, the azimuth angle driver is a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the altitude angle driver 505 is a brushless motor in order to overcome the friction torque generated by the elevator screw 3.

[0015] Furthermore, the elevator screw rod 3 is a screw rod elevator type, the structure of the elevator screw rod 3 is a screw rod upward moving type, the head of the elevator screw rod 3 is a flat head type, and the elevator screw rod 3 is provided with a protective cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the light sensor 9 collects the direct angle of sunlight and transmits it to the controller to control the azimuth and altitude angles. Six solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the photovoltaic panel frame 1, including the first photovoltaic panel 201, the second photovoltaic panel 201, the third photovoltaic panel 203, the fourth photovoltaic panel 204, the fifth photovoltaic panel 205, and the sixth photovoltaic panel 206.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] Compared to existing mechanisms, this dual-axis automatic tracker features two rotation axes, enabling solar panels to more accurately track the sun's motion, both horizontally and vertically. Initially, the panels are perpendicular to the sun. The angle of the sun's impact on the light sensors at the four corners of the panels is fed back to a controller, which automatically adjusts the azimuth and elevation mechanisms based on this feedback, aligning the panels perpendicularly to the sun and improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0019] 2. Traditional photovoltaic power generation devices can only absorb and convert solar energy in one direction, and cannot maximize the efficiency of photoelectric conversion by utilizing limited space and area. There are certain limitations in design. Therefore, the research on solar automatic devices is of great significance to the improvement of photovoltaic power generation photoelectric conversion efficiency. Compared with the single-axis tracking system, the dual-axis tracking system has higher tracking accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from the perspective of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at E in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from the perspective of point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from the perspective of point C in the middle;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle.

[0026] The numbers in the figure are: 1-photovoltaic panel frame, 2-solar photovoltaic panel assembly, 201-first photovoltaic panel, 202-second photovoltaic panel, 203-third photovoltaic panel, 204-fourth photovoltaic panel, 205-fifth photovoltaic panel, 206-sixth photovoltaic panel, 3-elevator screw, 4-support frame, 5-height angle adjustment mechanism, 6-rotating part, 7-azimuth angle rotation mechanism, 501-worm gear support seat, 502-worm gear pad, 503-connecting bolt, 504-drive coupling, 505-height Angle drive, 506-box end cover connecting bolts, 507-worm gear box end cover, 508-worm shaft, 509-worm bearing group, 510-worm wheel, 511-worm gear box, 601-gear, 602-slewing support gear, 701-azimuth drive coupling, 702-azimuth drive reducer, 703-azimuth drive reducer connecting nut, 704-azimuth drive reducer connecting bolts, 801-support column, 802-support column grounding flange, 9-light sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose and technical advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0028] Example 1: Figures 1-6 As shown, a photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts the azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight. The azimuth angle rotation mechanism of the present invention can automatically adjust the angle according to sunlight exposure or wind direction, and the altitude angle adjustment mechanism adjusts the angle according to sunlight exposure to the light sensor sheet, thereby improving the working efficiency and working life of the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is adjusted according to sunlight exposure to always be perpendicular to the light, further improving the working efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0029] The specific structure includes: support column 801, support frame 4, photovoltaic panel frame 1, azimuth angle rotation mechanism 7 and altitude angle adjustment mechanism 5; the photovoltaic panel frame 1 is equipped with solar photovoltaic panel assembly 2,

[0030] The lower end of the support column 801 is fixed with a grounding flange 802, and the upper end of the support column 801 is movably connected to an azimuth rotation mechanism 7; the azimuth rotation mechanism 7 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 4, and the outer side of the support frame 4 is movably connected to the altitude adjustment mechanism 5, and the upper end of the elevator screw 3 of the altitude adjustment mechanism 5 is also movably connected to the photovoltaic panel frame 1, and the inner side of the support frame 4 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the photovoltaic panel frame 1;

[0031] The four corners of the photovoltaic panel frame 1 are respectively equipped with light sensors 9 , which are connected to a controller. The controller is also connected to the azimuth angle rotation mechanism 7 and the altitude angle adjustment mechanism 5 .

[0032] Furthermore, a grounding flange 802 is fixed to the lower end of the support column 801, and the grounding flange 802 is fixed to the ground by bolts;

[0033] The azimuth rotation mechanism 7 includes an azimuth driver, an azimuth drive coupling 701, an azimuth drive reducer 702, an azimuth drive reducer connecting nut 703, an azimuth drive reducer connecting bolt 704, and a rotating member 6; the azimuth drive reducer 702 is fixed to the upper end side of the support column 801 by the azimuth drive reducer connecting nut 703 and the azimuth drive reducer connecting bolt 704;

[0034] The upper end of the support column 801 is movably connected to a rotating part 6, and the rotating part 6 includes a gear 601 and a rotary support gear 602, which is connected to the azimuth drive coupling 701 and the azimuth drive reducer 702 through the azimuth drive driver. The output shaft of the azimuth drive reducer 702 is connected to the gear 601, and the gear 601 is meshed with the rotary support gear 602. The lower end of the rotary support gear 602 is movably connected to the upper end of the support column 801, and the upper end of the rotary support gear 602 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 4. The optical sensor 9 is connected to the controller, and the controller is specifically also connected to the azimuth driver.

[0035] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the elevation angle adjustment mechanism 5 includes an elevator screw 3, a worm gear support seat 501, a worm gear pad 502, a connecting bolt 503, a drive coupling 504, an elevation angle driver 505, a housing end cover connecting bolt 506, a worm gear housing end cover 507, a worm 508, a worm bearing assembly 509, a worm wheel 510, and a worm gear housing 511;

[0036] The worm gear support seat 501 is rotatably connected to one side of the support frame 4, and a worm gear pad 502 is fixed on the worm gear support seat 501, and the worm gear pad 502 is provided with a worm gear box 511 through a connecting bolt 503, and the left and right sides of the worm gear box 511 are provided with worm gear end covers 507 through box end cover connecting bolts 506, and a worm gear 510, a worm 508, and a worm bearing group 509 are provided in the worm gear box 511; the altitude angle driver 505 is fixed on the worm gear support seat 501, and the altitude angle driver 505 is connected to the worm 508 through the driving coupling 504, and the worm bearing group 509 is placed on both sides of the worm 508, and the two ends of the worm 508 are movably connected to the worm gear end covers 507 through the worm bearing group 509;

[0037] The upper end of the elevator screw rod 3 is rotatably connected to the photovoltaic panel frame 1 , the middle end of the elevator screw rod 3 is threadedly connected to the worm gear 510 , the light sensor 9 is connected to the controller, and the controller is specifically further connected to the altitude angle driver 505 .

[0038] Furthermore, the azimuth angle driver is a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the altitude angle driver 505 is a brushless motor in order to overcome the friction torque generated by the elevator screw 3.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the elevator screw rod 3 is a screw rod lifting type, the structure of the elevator screw rod 3 is a screw rod moving upward type, the head of the elevator screw rod 3 is a flat head type, and the elevator screw rod 3 is provided with a protective cover.

[0040] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the light sensor 9 collects the direct angle of sunlight and transmits it to the controller to control the azimuth and altitude angles. Six solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the photovoltaic panel frame 1, including the first photovoltaic panel 201, the second photovoltaic panel 201, the third photovoltaic panel 203, the fourth photovoltaic panel 204, the fifth photovoltaic panel 205, and the sixth photovoltaic panel 206.

[0041] The working process of this utility model:

[0042] When the photovoltaic power generation device is tracking sunlight, sunlight shines on the light sensor 9, and the sensor transmits a signal to the controller, which then feeds back the signal to the azimuth driver. The controller is connected to the azimuth driver to control the start or stop of the azimuth driver;

[0043] In the azimuth direction, the azimuth driver is connected to the input shaft of the azimuth drive reducer 702 through the azimuth drive coupling 701, and the output shaft of the azimuth drive reducer 702 is used to reduce the speed and drive the gear 601 of the rotating member 6 to rotate. The gear 601 is engaged with the slewing support gear 602, and the slewing support gear 602 rotates because the lower end of the slewing support gear 602 is movably connected to the upper end of the support column 801, and the upper end of the slewing support gear 602 is fixedly connected to the support frame 4; therefore, the slewing support gear 602 drives the support frame 4 and the components thereon to rotate as a whole, so that the azimuth rotation mechanism 7 rotates while driving the photovoltaic panel frame 1 and the solar photovoltaic panel assembly 2 to rotate, ultimately achieving azimuth direction tracking;

[0044] The azimuth drive is connected to the azimuth drive reducer 702 through an azimuth drive coupling 701, the azimuth drive coupling 701 is connected to the worm shaft of the azimuth drive reducer 702, and the output shaft of the azimuth drive reducer 702 is connected to the rotating part 6; wherein, the azimuth drive reducer 702 can adopt commercially available components, and the specific composition of the azimuth drive reducer 702 can include an input worm gear, a first reduction shaft, a reduction gear set, a second reduction shaft, a connecting bearing and various connecting components, and the specific connection relationship is not repeated here.

[0045] When the photovoltaic power generation device is tracking sunlight, sunlight shines on the light sensor 9, and the sensor transmits a signal to the controller, which then feeds back the signal to the elevation angle driver 505. The controller is connected to the elevation angle driver 505 to control the elevation angle driver 505 to start or stop.

[0046] In the elevation angle direction, the elevation angle driver 505 is connected to the worm 508 through the drive coupling 504. The output shaft of the elevation angle driver 505 rotates to drive the worm 508 to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel 510 and the worm 508 drives the elevator screw 3 to rotate. The screw elevator 3 converts the rotation into the up and down movement of the elevator screw 3. As the elevator screw 3 rotates, the elevation angle of the photovoltaic panel frame 1 changes accordingly. The up and down movement of the elevator screw 3 drives the solar panel to rotate in the elevation angle direction, thereby realizing tracking in the elevation angle direction.

[0047] The light sensor 9 can collect the direct angle of sunlight and transmit it to the controller to control the azimuth and altitude angles. The controller is connected to the azimuth driver and the altitude driver 505 respectively, and the azimuth driver and the altitude driver 505 can respectively use motors. It should be noted that, the controller controls the start-up of relevant motors according to the direct angle of sunlight to adjust the azimuth and altitude angles, which can be carried out using conventional technology in the field without the need for procedural improvements.

[0048] Furthermore, to ensure that the solar panel is perpendicular to the sunlight, the device automatically tracks the elevation and azimuth angles while controlling the azimuth tracking angle to 0° to 180° and the elevation tracking angle to 0° to 90°.

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight, characterized in that: include: Support column (801), support frame (4), photovoltaic panel frame (1), azimuth angle rotation mechanism (7) and altitude angle adjustment mechanism (5); a solar photovoltaic panel assembly (2) is installed on the photovoltaic panel frame (1), The lower end of the support column (801) is fixed with a grounding flange (802), and the upper end of the support column (801) is movably connected to an azimuth angle rotation mechanism (7); the azimuth angle rotation mechanism (7) is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the support frame (4), and the outer side of the support frame (4) is movably connected to an altitude angle adjustment mechanism (5), and the upper end of the elevator screw (3) of the altitude angle adjustment mechanism (5) is also movably connected to the photovoltaic panel frame (1), and the inner side of the support frame (4) is rotatably connected to the middle and lower part of the photovoltaic panel frame (1); The four corners of the photovoltaic panel frame (1) are respectively equipped with light sensors (9), and the light sensors (9) are connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to an azimuth angle rotation mechanism (7) and an altitude angle adjustment mechanism (5).

2. The photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts the azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grounding flange (802) is fixed to the lower end of the support column (801), and the grounding flange (802) is fixed to the ground by bolts; The azimuth rotation mechanism (7) comprises an azimuth driver, an azimuth drive coupling (701), an azimuth drive reducer (702), an azimuth drive reducer connecting nut (703), an azimuth drive reducer connecting bolt (704), and a rotating member (6); the azimuth drive reducer (702) is fixed to the upper end side surface of the support column (801) via the azimuth drive reducer connecting nut (703) and the azimuth drive reducer connecting bolt (704); The upper end of the support column (801) is movably connected to a rotating member (6), and the rotating member (6) includes a gear (601) and a rotary support gear (602), which are connected to the azimuth drive coupling (701) and the azimuth drive reducer (702) through an azimuth drive. The output shaft of the azimuth drive reducer (702) is connected to the gear (601), and the gear (601) and the rotary support gear (602) are meshed. The lower end of the rotary support gear (602) is movably connected to the upper end of the support column (801), and the upper end of the rotary support gear (602) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support frame (4). The optical sensor (9) is connected to the controller, and the controller is specifically also connected to the azimuth drive.

3. The photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts the azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height angle adjustment mechanism (5) comprises an elevator screw (3), a worm gear support seat (501), a worm gear pad (502), a connecting bolt (503), a drive coupling (504), a height angle driver (505), a housing end cover connecting bolt (506), a worm gear housing end cover (507), a worm (508), a worm bearing assembly (509), a worm wheel (510), and a worm gear housing (511); The worm gear support seat (501) is rotatably connected to one side of the support frame (4). A worm gear pad (502) is fixed to the worm gear support seat (501). The worm gear pad (502) is provided with a worm gear box (511) via a connecting bolt (503). The left and right sides of the worm gear box (511) are provided with worm gear box end covers (507) via box end cover connecting bolts (506). The worm gear box (511) is provided with a A worm wheel (510), a worm (508), and a worm bearing group (509); the elevation angle driver (505) is fixed on the worm wheel support seat (501); the elevation angle driver (505) is connected to the worm (508) via a drive coupling (504); the worm bearing group (509) is placed on both sides of the worm (508); and both ends of the worm (508) are movably connected to the worm wheel housing end cover (507) via the worm bearing group (509); The upper end of the elevator screw (3) is rotatably connected to the photovoltaic panel frame (1), the middle end of the elevator screw (3) is threadedly connected to the worm gear (510), the light sensor (9) is connected to the controller, and the controller is specifically connected to the altitude angle driver (505).

4. The photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The azimuth angle driver in the azimuth angle rotation mechanism (7) is a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the altitude angle driver (505) in the altitude angle adjustment mechanism (5) is a brushless motor in order to overcome the friction torque generated by the elevator screw (3).

5. The photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevator screw rod (3) is a screw rod elevator type, the elevator screw rod (3) has a structure in which the screw rod moves upward, the head of the elevator screw rod (3) is a flat head type, and the elevator screw rod (3) is provided with a protective cover.

6. The photovoltaic power generation dual-axis mechanism that automatically adjusts azimuth and altitude angles according to sunlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light sensor (9) collects the direct angle of sunlight and transmits it to the controller to control the azimuth and altitude angles. Six solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the photovoltaic panel frame (1), including a first photovoltaic panel (201), a second photovoltaic panel (202), a third photovoltaic panel (203), a fourth photovoltaic panel (204), a fifth photovoltaic panel (205), and a sixth photovoltaic panel (206).

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