Device for preheating hydrogen by using air pressurization heat of fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for preheating hydrogen by using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system. A heat exchange device is additionally arranged on a hydrogen pipeline between the hydrogen storage module and the hydrogen inlet module, and the heat exchange device is a hot air cavity; the hot air cavity is arranged outside the hydrogen pipeline in a sleeving manner, and the hydrogen pipeline is not communicated with the hot air cavity; a hot air inlet joint and a hot air outlet joint are arranged on the hot air cavity; the hot air inlet connector is connected with an external hot air source. According to the utility model, hot air generated after the air compressor of the fuel cell system is used for pressurizing the atmosphere is used for transferring originally wasted heat into the hydrogen at the inlet through the hydrogen path, so that the hydrogen is heated, and the temperature of the hydrogen in a low-temperature environment is increased; a heating source is prevented from being independently arranged to heat hydrogen, waste is reduced, and system arrangement is simpler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a device for preheating hydrogen in a fuel cell system by using air pressurization heat. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that uses air and hydrogen to exchange electrons, thereby generating electricity. Hydrogen needs to be introduced into the anode end to undergo a proton exchange chemical reaction with the air end. The operating temperature of a hydrogen fuel cell is typically between 60°C and 100°C. Within this temperature range, the reaction rate between hydrogen and oxygen is relatively fast, while also ensuring the stability of the electrolyte membrane. If the temperature is too low, the reaction rate will slow down and the output power of the battery will also decrease. When the fuel cell is in a low-temperature environment (-30°C), the hydrogen temperature is too low and directly enters the stack, affecting the stack's operating performance. Therefore, how to increase the hydrogen inlet temperature in a low-temperature environment is a concern for fuel cells.

[0003] How to improve the fuel cell stack performance and hydrogen utilization efficiency in low-temperature (-30°C) environments is a key issue currently being addressed in hydrogen fuel cell systems. Increasing the hydrogen inlet temperature is an important method for improving fuel cell stack performance in low-temperature environments.

[0004] At present, the industry is adding a hydrogen heat exchanger to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell system to heat the hydrogen through the heat of the fuel cell coolant, such as Figure 1 The current solution requires a separate hydrogen heat exchanger before the hydrogen inlet module to increase the hydrogen temperature, complicating the system layout. The hydrogen heat exchanger is complex and expensive, and uses high-temperature liquid for heating, which can easily lead to leakage risks. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a device for preheating hydrogen in a fuel cell system by using air pressurization heat.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows.

[0007] The utility model utilizes the high-temperature air generated by the fuel cell system air compressor after pressurizing the atmosphere, and transfers the originally wasted heat to the inlet hydrogen through the hydrogen path, thereby heating the hydrogen and increasing the temperature of the hydrogen in a low-temperature environment; avoiding the need to set up a separate heating source to heat the hydrogen, reducing waste, and making the system layout simpler.

[0008] A device for preheating hydrogen in a fuel cell system using air pressurization heat, wherein a heat exchange device is added to the hydrogen pipeline between the hydrogen storage module and the hydrogen inlet module, wherein the heat exchange device is a hot air cavity; the hot air cavity is sleeved on the outside of the hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen pipeline and the hot air cavity are not connected to each other; the hot air cavity is provided with a hot air inlet joint and a hot air outlet joint; the hot air inlet joint is connected to an external hot air source.

[0009] Further preferably, the hydrogen intake module is connected to a fuel cell system.

[0010] Further preferably, the hot air inlet joint 1 is connected to an air compressor.

[0011] Further preferably, the hot air outlet connector 2 is connected to an intercooler.

[0012] Further preferably, the intercooler is connected to the fuel cell system.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0014] (1) The utility model has a simple structure and is easy to arrange;

[0015] (2) The utility model utilizes the hot air discarded by the air compressor for heat exchange, thereby reducing the need to set up a separate heat source to heat the hydrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the prior art;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system according to the present invention.

[0019] The components in the figure are as follows: 1-hot air inlet connector; 2-hot air outlet connector; 3-hot air cavity; 4-hydrogen pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following description, combined with specific illustrations, illustrates the technical solution to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein. Any similar implementations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 2~Figure 3As shown, a device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system includes a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogen inlet module, a fuel cell system, an intercooler, and an air compressor; the hydrogen inlet module is connected to the fuel cell system. A heat exchange device is added to the hydrogen pipeline 4 between the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen inlet module, and the heat exchange device is a hot air cavity 3; the hot air cavity 3 is mounted outside the hydrogen pipeline 4, and the hydrogen pipeline 4 and the hot air cavity 3 are not connected to each other; the hot air cavity 3 is provided with a hot air inlet connector 1 and a hot air outlet connector 2; the hot air inlet connector 1 is connected to an external hot air source, and in this embodiment, the hot air inlet connector 1 is connected to the air compressor; the hot air outlet connector 2 is connected to the intercooler, and the intercooler is connected to the fuel cell system.

[0022] In this embodiment, hot air pressurized by an air compressor is used to heat the hydrogen pipeline. A heat exchange device is added to the front end of the hydrogen inlet module to utilize the heat from the air compressor for heat exchange, lowering the temperature of the air entering the stack and reducing the heat dissipation power required by the intercooler.

[0023] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage system specifically refers to: in the hydrogen fuel cell system, it serves as a hydrogen storage device to provide a continuous source of hydrogen for the system; it is mainly composed of parts such as hydrogen bottles, bottle mouth valves, pressure reducing valves, pipelines, support frames and skins.

[0024] The hydrogen inlet module specifically refers to: the controller of the hydrogen flow pressure in the hydrogen fuel cell system, providing a stable and continuous amount of hydrogen to the fuel cell system to ensure the normal operation of the system; it is mainly composed of parts such as proportional valves, shut-off valves, pressure sensors, safety valves and body supports;

[0025] A fuel cell system specifically refers to a power generation system that generates electricity through the reaction of air and hydrogen; it is mainly composed of components such as a fuel cell stack, an air path system, a hydrogen path system, and a thermal management system.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system, characterized in that: A heat exchange device is added to the hydrogen pipeline (4) between the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen inlet module, wherein the heat exchange device is a hot air cavity (3); the hot air cavity (3) is sleeved on the outside of the hydrogen pipeline (4), and the hydrogen pipeline (4) and the hot air cavity (3) are not connected to each other; a hot air inlet joint (1) and a hot air outlet joint (2) are provided on the hot air cavity (3); the hot air inlet joint is connected to an external hot air source.

2. The device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen intake module is connected to the fuel cell system.

3. The device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air inlet connector (1) is connected to the air compressor.

4. The device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air outlet connector (2) is connected to the intercooler.

5. The device for preheating hydrogen using air pressurization heat in a fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intercooler is connected to the fuel cell system.

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