Circuit for realizing short-circuit protection of lead-acid battery by using thyristor
Through the protection circuit composed of thyristor and transistor, the protection problem of lead-acid battery short circuit is solved, reliable power supply short circuit protection and low-cost reuse are achieved, and the use of fuses and secondary damage to the circuit is avoided.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422469878.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing lead-acid batteries lack effective protection when short-circuited, resulting in shortening of battery life and potential fire risk. Conventional protection measures such as loosening of fuses or burning out of ICs, which are costly.
The protection circuit consisting of thyristor and transistor is adopted to achieve rapid protection when the current is too high by resistors and adjustable potentiometers. The power supply is cut off through the thyristor to avoid load short circuit.
Reliable power short circuit protection is achieved, the protection is reusable and low cost, avoiding the risk of fuse use and secondary damage to the circuit.
Smart Images
Figure CN223273844U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of audio, in particular to a circuit for implementing short-circuit protection of a lead-acid battery by using a thyristor. Background Art
[0002] In many audio systems, the lead-acid batteries themselves lack short-circuit protection. Conventional practice involves inserting a fuse in the battery cables, or installing short-circuit protection in the load IC itself. Fuses installed in the battery cables can loosen over time, requiring disassembly to replace them, which can lead to secondary damage. Many amplifier ICs only protect against load short circuits, not the power supply. This can lead to IC burnout without the fuse blowing. Without short-circuit protection, lead-acid batteries can shorten their lifespan and even pose a fire hazard, resulting in property damage. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a circuit for realizing short-circuit protection of a lead-acid battery by using a thyristor. The circuit has high protection reliability after a power supply short circuit, is reusable, and has low cost.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a circuit for realizing short-circuit protection of lead-acid batteries using thyristors, comprising transistors Q2, transistors Q3, transistors Q4, thyristors Q5, resistors R3, adjustable potentiometers R4, resistors R5 and resistors R6; the positive electrode +BAT of the battery is grounded through the thyristor Q5, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode +BAT of the battery and the collector of the transistor Q3 respectively, the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q4 and the resistor R6 respectively 3, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the input terminal of the thyristor Q5, the output terminal of the thyristor Q5 is grounded, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the ground after passing through the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 in sequence, the control end of the thyristor Q5 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply output terminal +VOUT, the first pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the third pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 and the power supply output terminal +VOUT, and the second pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the base of the transistor Q4. The principle of the utility model is as follows: when the circuit is working normally, transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned on. Since the voltage drop on the normal working resistor R3 is very small, much less than 0.7V, the bias voltage of transistor Q4 is much less than 0.7V, and then it will not be turned on, so there will be no voltage on resistor R6; when the load circuit is short-circuited or the current is too large, a large voltage drop will be generated on resistor R3, transistor Q4 is turned on, and the power supply forms a voltage drop of 3~4V through resistors R5 and R6. Therefore, thyristor Q5 is triggered to turn on, and the base voltage of transistor Q3 is pulled to 0V, thereby turning off transistors Q2 and Q3, cutting off the total power supply, and achieving the purpose of quickly protecting the load circuit.
[0005] As an improvement, the battery positive electrode +BAT is connected to the thyristor Q5 through the indicator light Q1.
[0006] As an improvement, the transistor Q2 and the transistor Q3 are both NPN type dual compound transistors.
[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0008] The power supply can be protected from short circuit, no fuse is needed, and it can be reused; the circuit is not used once, it is simple, low cost and easy to debug. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Figure 1 This is the circuit principle diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0010] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0011] like Figure 1As shown, a circuit for implementing short-circuit protection of a lead-acid battery using a thyristor includes a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a transistor Q4, a thyristor Q5, a resistor R3, an adjustable potentiometer R4, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6; the transistor Q2 and the transistor Q3 are both NPN-type dual compound transistors. The positive electrode of the battery +BAT is connected to the ground after passing through the indicator light Q1 and the thyristor Q5 in sequence. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery +BAT and the collector of the transistor Q3 respectively. The base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3. The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q4 and one end of the resistor R3 respectively. The base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the input end of the thyristor Q5. The output end of the thyristor Q5 is grounded. The collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the ground after passing through the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 in sequence. The control end of the thyristor Q5 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power output end +VOUT. The first pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to one end of the resistor R3. The third pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 and the power output end +VOUT. The second pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the base of the transistor Q4.
[0012] The principle of the utility model is as follows: when the circuit is working normally, transistors Q2 and Q3 obtain the base bias voltage through the indicator light Q1 to conduct. Since the voltage drop on the resistor R3 in normal operation is very small, much less than 0.7V, the bias voltage of the transistor Q4 is much less than 0.7V, and then it will not conduct, so there will be no voltage on the resistor R6; when the load circuit is short-circuited or the current is too large, a large voltage drop will be generated on the resistor R3, the transistor Q4 will be turned on, and the power supply will form a voltage drop of 3~4V through the resistors R5 and R6. The thyristor Q5 is therefore triggered to conduct, the indicator light Q1 lights up, and the alarm is sounded. The base voltage of the transistor Q3 is pulled to 0V, and then the transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned off, cutting off the main power supply, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly protecting the load circuit.
Claims
1. A circuit for implementing short-circuit protection of lead-acid batteries using thyristors, characterized in that: It includes transistor Q2, transistor Q3, transistor Q4, thyristor Q5, resistor R3, adjustable potentiometer R4, resistor R5 and resistor R6; the positive electrode of the battery +BAT is grounded through the thyristor Q5, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery +BAT and the collector of the transistor Q3 respectively, the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q3, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q4 and one end of the resistor R3 respectively, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the thyristor Q5 The input end of the thyristor Q5 is connected, the output end of the thyristor Q5 is grounded, the collector of the transistor Q4 is grounded after passing through the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 in sequence, the control end of the thyristor Q5 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply output end +VOUT, the first pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the third pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 and the power supply output end +VOUT, and the second pin of the adjustable potentiometer is connected to the base of the transistor Q4.
2. The circuit for implementing short-circuit protection of a lead-acid battery using a thyristor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode of the battery +BAT is connected to the thyristor Q5 through the indicator light Q1.
3. The circuit for implementing short-circuit protection of a lead-acid battery using a thyristor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transistor Q2 and the transistor Q3 are both NPN type dual compound transistors.