Fire extinguishing device for lithium ion battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire extinguishing device for a lithium ion battery pack, which belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing and comprises a battery bin, a fire extinguishing bin, a limiting plate and a fire extinguishing component, the lithium ion battery pack is placed on one side of the inside of the battery bin, and the fire extinguishing bin is formed at a position beside the lithium ion battery pack through the limiting plate. A fire extinguishing assembly is arranged in the fire extinguishing bin and comprises a fire extinguishing tank, a discharge pipe and a sealing block, the fire extinguishing tank is installed in the fire extinguishing bin, the end, facing the lithium ion battery pack, of the fire extinguishing tank communicates with the discharge pipe, and the sealing block is arranged on the inner side of the discharge pipe. The lithium ion battery fire extinguishing device has the advantages that a lithium ion battery is placed in the battery bin, the fire extinguishing capacity can be enhanced through the fire extinguishing bin on one side of the battery bin, and the low-melting-point sealing block in the fire extinguishing tank discharging pipe can be rapidly melted under the condition that a battery system is rapidly subjected to thermal runaway, so that the fire extinguishing tank is opened to spray out a fire extinguishing agent; and the fire extinguishing function is quickly realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fire fighting and fire extinguishing, in particular to a fire fighting and fire extinguishing device for a lithium ion battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the production and sales of lithium-ion batteries, there are more and more safety accidents. Not only have ternary batteries and lithium manganese oxide batteries experienced fire accidents, but even lithium iron phosphate batteries, which were once considered the safest, have also experienced a large number of fire, combustion, and explosion accidents, causing serious economic losses and personal injuries. How to extinguish the battery pack in the early stage of the fire and prevent the flames from spreading is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, large energy storage power stations and large vehicles are basically equipped with fire-fighting devices that can achieve fire-extinguishing functions. The fire-fighting extinguishing devices for lithium-ion battery packs in the existing technology may have problems such as device failure and untimely response under the condition that the battery system rapidly develops thermal runaway, thereby causing the spread of fire. Its safety and reliability need to be improved. At the same time, the invention patent with publication number CN109166989A discloses a lithium battery with automatic fire-extinguishing function, including a protective shell, a fire-extinguishing body, a battery pack, a packaging body, a fire-extinguishing agent and a battery pack output line. The battery pack is provided in the protective shell, and the fire-extinguishing body is provided at both ends of the inner side of the protective shell. The fire-extinguishing body is provided with a rectangular packaging body. The packaging body is provided with a fire-extinguishing agent, and the fire-extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone liquid. The battery pack output line is provided above the outer side of the protective shell. It may have problems such as device failure and untimely response. The safety and reliability need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the problems in the prior art of fire extinguishing devices for lithium-ion battery packs, such as device failure and untimely response under the condition that the battery system rapidly develops thermal runaway, thereby causing the spread of fire, and its safety and reliability need to be improved, the utility model provides a fire extinguishing device for lithium-ion battery packs, including a battery compartment, a fire extinguishing compartment, a limiting plate and a fire extinguishing assembly, a lithium-ion battery pack is placed on one side of the interior of the battery compartment, a fire extinguishing compartment is formed at a position beside the lithium-ion battery pack by a limiting plate, a fire extinguishing assembly is arranged in the fire extinguishing compartment, the fire extinguishing assembly includes a fire extinguishing tank, a discharge pipe and a sealing block, the fire extinguishing tank is horizontally installed in the fire extinguishing compartment, and the end of the fire extinguishing tank facing the lithium-ion battery pack is connected to a discharge pipe passing through the limiting plate, and a low-melting-point sealing block is arranged on the inner side of the discharge pipe.

[0005] By placing the lithium-ion battery in the battery compartment, the fire-fighting capability can be enhanced through the fire-fighting compartment on one side of the battery compartment. Under the condition that the battery system rapidly experiences thermal runaway, the low-melting-point sealing block in the fire-extinguishing tank discharge pipe will quickly melt, thereby opening the fire-extinguishing tank and spraying out the fire-extinguishing agent, quickly realizing the fire-fighting function.

[0006] Preferably, the sealing block is made of a low melting point alloy.

[0007] Preferably, the fire extinguishing tank stores high-pressure fire extinguishing gas, the high-pressure fire extinguishing gas is carbon dioxide, and the storage pressure of the high-pressure fire extinguishing gas is 5 to 20 MPa.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting plate is formed with a plurality of connection ports, a plurality of discharge pipes are inserted into the connection ports, a plurality of the discharge pipes are connected to a plurality of the fire extinguishing tanks, and the plurality of the fire extinguishing tanks are arranged in sequence up and down in the fire extinguishing chamber.

[0009] The entire fire extinguishing device has a simple structure and greatly reduces production costs. Multiple fire extinguishing tanks are arranged in the fire extinguishing chamber, which can form a continuous fire extinguishing agent spray and greatly improve the fire extinguishing effect.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing plate is installed on one end of the fire extinguishing tank away from the discharge pipe, and the fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of the fire extinguishing chamber through a plurality of fixing holes.

[0011] Preferably, a high-temperature resistant sleeve is installed on the outside of the fire extinguishing tank, and a pressure-bearing inner tank is provided on the inner wall of the fire extinguishing tank.

[0012] By setting a high-temperature resistant sleeve on the outside of the fire extinguisher, its high-temperature resistance can be improved. By setting a pressure-bearing inner tank inside the fire extinguisher, the pressure-bearing capacity can be enhanced, high-pressure fire extinguishing gas can be stored, and the safe use of the fire extinguisher is facilitated.

[0013] Preferably, the opening diameter of the discharge pipe is 1 to 10 mm.

[0014] Preferably, an auxiliary sealing ring is provided between the sealing block and the inner side of the discharge pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the fire extinguisher tank is made of a stainless steel cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the inner wall of the battery compartment and the surface of the limiting plate are both provided with a fireproof coating.

[0017] By setting the fire-retardant coating, the fire-retardant performance of the battery compartment and the limit plate surface can be improved, and the durability can be improved.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] The beneficial effects produced by adopting the technical solution of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] (1) When lithium-ion batteries are placed in the battery compartment, the fire extinguishing capability can be enhanced by the fire extinguishing compartment on one side of the battery compartment. When the battery system rapidly experiences thermal runaway, the sealing block made of low-melting-point alloy in the discharge pipe of the fire extinguisher tank will quickly melt, thereby opening the fire extinguisher tank and spraying out the fire extinguishing agent, thus quickly realizing the fire extinguishing function.

[0021] (2) By setting a high-temperature resistant sleeve on the outside of the fire extinguisher, its high-temperature resistance can be improved. By setting a pressure-bearing inner tank inside the fire extinguisher, the pressure-bearing capacity can be enhanced, high-pressure fire extinguishing gas can be stored, and the safe use of the fire extinguisher is facilitated.

[0022] (3) The entire fire extinguishing device has a simple structure and the production cost is greatly reduced. A plurality of fire extinguishing tanks are arranged in the fire extinguishing chamber, which can form a continuous fire extinguishing agent spray and greatly improve the fire extinguishing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the fire extinguishing device for lithium-ion battery packs of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a fire extinguishing tank on a fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing tank on a fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing tank on a fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Battery compartment; 2. Lithium-ion battery pack; 3. Fire extinguishing compartment; 4. Limiting plate; 5. Fire extinguisher tank; 6. Discharge pipe; 7. Connection port; 8. Fixing plate; 9. Fixing hole; 10. Sealing block; 11. Auxiliary sealing ring; 12. High-temperature resistant casing; 13. Pressure inner tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This embodiment places lithium-ion batteries in the battery compartment, and can enhance fire extinguishing capabilities through a fire extinguishing compartment on one side of the battery compartment. If the battery system rapidly experiences thermal runaway, the sealing block made of low-melting-point alloy in the discharge pipe of the fire extinguisher will quickly melt, thereby opening the fire extinguisher and spraying the fire extinguishing agent, quickly achieving fire extinguishing function. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack includes a battery compartment 1, a fire extinguishing compartment 3, a limit plate 4, and a fire extinguishing assembly. A lithium-ion battery pack 2 is placed on one side of the battery compartment 1. A fire extinguishing compartment 3 is formed by the limit plate 4 at a position next to the lithium-ion battery pack 2. The fire extinguishing compartment 3 is provided with a fire extinguishing assembly, which includes a fire extinguishing tank 5, a discharge pipe 6, and a sealing block 10. The fire extinguishing tank 5 is horizontally installed in the fire extinguishing compartment 3. The end of the fire extinguishing tank 5 facing the lithium-ion battery pack 2 is connected to the discharge pipe 6 passing through the limit plate 4. A fusible sealing block 10 is provided on the inside of the discharge pipe 6. When the lithium-ion battery pack 2 is placed in the battery compartment 1, the fire extinguishing capability can be enhanced by the fire extinguishing compartment 3 on one side of the battery compartment 1. Under the condition that the battery system rapidly develops thermal runaway, the sealing block 10 made of a low-melting-point alloy in the discharge pipe 6 of the fire extinguishing tank 5 will quickly melt, thereby opening the fire extinguishing tank 5 to spray out the fire extinguishing agent, quickly realizing the fire extinguishing function.

[0032] The sealing block 10 is made of a low melting point alloy, which can be compounded into alloys of various capacities by low melting point metals such as zinc, lead, tin, and indium to achieve melting in different ranges of 300-700°C.

[0033] The fire extinguishing tank 5 stores high-pressure fire extinguishing gas, which is carbon dioxide. The storage pressure of the high-pressure fire extinguishing gas is 5-20 MPa. The high-pressure fire extinguishing gas is generally composed of a mixture of 0-50% carbon dioxide and 0-100% hexafluoropropane and heptafluoropropane by weight, wherein the ratio of hexafluoropropane to heptafluoropropane is not limited.

[0034] The limiting plate 4 is formed with a plurality of connection ports 7, into which a plurality of discharge pipes 6 are inserted, and the plurality of discharge pipes 6 are connected to a plurality of fire extinguishing tanks 5. The plurality of fire extinguishing tanks 5 are arranged in a vertical sequence within the fire extinguishing chamber 3. The entire fire extinguishing device has a simple structure and significantly reduces production costs. The plurality of fire extinguishing tanks 5 arranged within the fire extinguishing chamber 3 can form a continuous spray of fire extinguishing agent, greatly improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0035] A fixing plate 8 is installed at one end of the fire extinguishing tank 5 away from the discharge pipe 6. The fixing plate 8 is connected to the inner wall of the fire extinguishing bin 3 through a plurality of fixing holes 9. The fire extinguishing tank 5 can be quickly installed in the fire extinguishing bin 3 through the fixing plate 8 and the fixing holes 9.

[0036] The fire extinguisher 5 is provided with a high-temperature resistant sleeve 12 on the outside, and a pressure-bearing inner tank 13 on the inner wall. The high-temperature resistant sleeve 12 provided on the outside of the fire extinguisher 5 improves its high-temperature resistance, while the pressure-bearing inner tank 13 provided inside the fire extinguisher 5 strengthens its pressure-bearing capacity, stores high-pressure fire extinguishing gas, and facilitates safe use of the fire extinguisher 5.

[0037] The opening diameter of the discharge pipe 6 is 1 to 10 mm.

[0038] An auxiliary sealing ring 11 is provided between the sealing block 10 and the inner side of the discharge pipe 6. The auxiliary sealing ring 11 can enhance the sealing effect between the sealing block 10 and the discharge pipe 6 to prevent gas leakage.

[0039] The fire extinguisher tank 5 is made of a stainless steel cylinder. The high-pressure fire extinguishing gas is pressurized to form a liquid and filled in the cylinder. It is generally designed to release a gas volume that is 10 to 100 times the volume of the battery compartment to ensure effective fire extinguishing.

[0040] The inner wall of the battery compartment 1 and the surface of the limiting plate 4 are both provided with a fire retardant coating. By providing the fire retardant coating, the fire retardant performance of the battery compartment and the surface of the limiting plate 4 can be improved, and the durability can be improved.

[0041] Working principle: Place the lithium-ion battery in the battery compartment, and the fire extinguishing capability can be enhanced through the fire extinguishing compartment on one side of the battery compartment. Under the condition of rapid thermal runaway of the battery system, the sealing block made of low-melting-point alloy in the discharge pipe of the fire extinguisher will quickly melt, thereby opening the fire extinguisher and spraying out the fire extinguishing agent, quickly realizing the fire extinguishing function. The high-temperature resistant casing is arranged on the outside of the fire extinguisher, and its high-temperature resistance can be improved. The pressure-bearing inner tank is arranged inside the fire extinguisher, and the pressure-bearing capacity can be enhanced, and high-pressure fire extinguishing gas can be stored, which is convenient for the safe use of the fire extinguisher. The entire fire extinguishing device has a simple structure and the production cost is greatly reduced. Multiple fire extinguishing tanks are arranged in the fire extinguishing compartment, which can form a continuous fire extinguishing agent spray, greatly improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery compartment (1), a fire extinguishing compartment (3), a limiting plate (4) and a fire extinguishing assembly. A lithium-ion battery pack (2) is placed on one side of the battery compartment (1). A fire extinguishing compartment (3) is formed by the limiting plate (4) at a position beside the lithium-ion battery pack (2). A fire extinguishing assembly is arranged in the fire extinguishing compartment (3). The fire extinguishing assembly comprises a fire extinguishing tank (5), a discharge pipe (6) and a sealing block (10). The fire extinguishing tank (5) is horizontally installed in the fire extinguishing compartment (3). One end of the fire extinguishing tank (5) facing the lithium-ion battery pack (2) is connected to the discharge pipe (6) passing through the limiting plate (4). A low-melting-point sealing block (10) is arranged on the inner side of the discharge pipe (6).

2. A fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing block (10) is made of a low melting point alloy.

3. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing tank (5) stores high-pressure fire extinguishing gas, which is carbon dioxide. The storage pressure of the high-pressure fire extinguishing gas is 5-20 MPa.

4. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connection ports (7) are formed on the limiting plate (4), a plurality of discharge pipes (6) are inserted into the connection ports (7), a plurality of discharge pipes (6) are connected to a plurality of fire extinguishing tanks (5), and the plurality of fire extinguishing tanks (5) are arranged in sequence up and down in the fire extinguishing chamber (3).

5. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate (8) is installed at one end of the fire extinguishing tank (5) away from the discharge pipe (6), and the fixing plate (8) is connected to the inner wall of the fire extinguishing chamber (3) through a plurality of fixing holes (9).

6. A fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-temperature resistant sleeve (12) is installed on the outside of the fire extinguishing tank (5), and a pressure-bearing inner tank (13) is provided on the inner wall of the fire extinguishing tank (5).

7. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening diameter of the discharge pipe (6) is 1 to 10 mm.

8. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary sealing ring (11) is provided between the sealing block (10) and the inner side of the discharge pipe (6).

9. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the fire extinguishing tank (5) is a stainless steel cylinder.

10. The fire extinguishing device for a lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the battery compartment (1) and the surface of the limiting plate (4) are both provided with a fireproof coating.

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