Sprayed concrete structure for high-speed rail tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sprayed concrete structure for a high-speed rail tunnel, which comprises a tunnel base surface and a sprayed concrete layer sprayed on the tunnel base surface, the surface of the tunnel base surface is treated to form a sprayed layer surface, a metal hanging net is attached to the sprayed layer surface, the metal hanging net is fixedly arranged on the tunnel base surface through ground anchors, and the ground anchors are arranged on the sprayed concrete layer. The ground anchors are embedded and fixed on the tunnel base surface, the sprayed concrete layer is subjected to spraying construction in different areas, and a supporting anchor plate is arranged in an outer frame area of the sprayed concrete layer of the independent construction area and is fixedly mounted on the tunnel base surface through anchor rods. Spraying construction areas are optimally arranged in a partitioned mode, the supporting anchor plates are matched with the reinforcing mesh, the strength of a sprayed concrete structure can be improved, the springback amount is reduced in the layered spraying process, and the reinforcing mesh can be better fixed to a tunnel base face through steel cable structure combination instead of reinforcing steel bars, so that construction and fixation are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of concrete structures, in particular to a sprayed concrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Shotcrete, a jet-forming material distinct from traditional mold-casting methods, is widely used in a wide range of fields, including tunneling, water conservancy and hydropower, slope protection, mining, underground engineering, and engineering repair. However, the current shotcrete material and engineering technology system is not fully developed, and new technologies, processes, and equipment have not yet been widely adopted in the railway system. Compared with foreign countries, the quality of shotcrete applications in my country, in addition to the lack of advanced technology, mechanization, and intelligentization, is also largely due to the lack of management models and organizational experience in tunnel construction. Existing high-performance concrete spraying processes are prone to voids, and the generally high rebound in the surrounding rock area is not conducive to the formation of concrete structures.

[0003] In response to this, the applicant proposed a shotcrete structure for high-speed railway tunnels. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel, aiming to improve the existing problems.

[0005] The utility model is achieved in this way:

[0006] A shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel comprises a tunnel base and a shotcrete layer shot onto the tunnel base. The tunnel base surface is surface treated to form a shotcrete surface, and a metal mesh is attached to the shotcrete surface. The metal mesh is fixedly mounted on the tunnel base by anchors, and the anchors are embedded and fixed on the tunnel base. The shotcrete layer is shotcreted in partitioned areas, and support anchor plates are provided in the outer frame areas of the separately constructed partitioned shotcrete layers, and the support anchor plates are fixedly mounted on the tunnel base by anchor rods.

[0007] Furthermore, the support anchor plate is provided with an anchor hole, and the inner diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor.

[0008] Furthermore, a limit seat is provided at the bottom of the support anchor plate, and the limit seat is composed of a flat outward mounting block, and a plurality of mounting blocks are arranged side by side.

[0009] Furthermore, a fixing hole is provided on the mounting block, and an anchor for fixing the mounting block is installed in the fixing hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a detachment plate is provided on the side of the support anchor plate close to the sprayed concrete layer, and the detachment plate and the support anchor plate are limited by screws, and a through hole is provided on the support anchor plate to facilitate the penetration of the screws.

[0011] Furthermore, a steel mesh is provided in the sprayed concrete layer, and the steel mesh is formed by combining a plurality of longitudinal steel bars and transverse steel bars, and limiting pins are provided at the contact points between the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars.

[0012] Furthermore, the longitudinal beam reinforcement and the transverse beam reinforcement are both made of steel cables made of twisted steel wires.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] The utility model provides a shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel, and particularly points out the composition structure of the concrete structure. In the technical solution, the shotcrete construction area is set by optimizing the zoning, and the support anchor plate and the steel mesh are used to improve the strength of the shotcrete structure, and the rebound amount is reduced during the layered shotcreting process. The steel mesh is better fixed on the tunnel base surface by replacing the steel bars with a steel cable structure combination, which facilitates construction and fixation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a steel mesh structure for a shotcrete structure used in a high-speed railway tunnel shown in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of a support anchor plate of a shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel shown in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A side view of a support anchor plate of a shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel is shown;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Tunnel base; 2. Limit seat; 21. Mounting block; 22. Fixing hole; 3. Support anchor plate; 31. Anchor rod hole; 32. Breakaway plate; 33. Through hole; 4. Anchor rod; 5. Steel mesh; 51. Longitudinal beam steel bar; 52. Horizontal beam steel bar; 53. Limit pin; 6. Metal hanging mesh; 7. Anchor pin; 8. Sprayed layer surface; 9. Sprayed concrete layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for which protection is sought, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] For details, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel includes a tunnel base 1 and a shotcrete layer 9 shot onto the tunnel base 1. The tunnel base 1 is surface treated to form a shotcrete surface 8. During the implementation process, the tunnel base 1 is first loosened and then sprayed with a wet spraying trolley to form the shotcrete surface 8. A metal mesh 6 is attached to the shotcrete surface 8. The metal mesh 6 is fixedly mounted on the tunnel base 1 by anchor nails 7. The anchor nails 7 are embedded and fixed on the tunnel base 1. The shotcrete layer 9 is sprayed in a zoned manner, and the shotcrete layers of the zones are constructed separately. A support anchor plate 3 is provided in the outer frame area of ​​the concrete layer 9, and the support anchor plate 3 is fixedly installed on the tunnel base 1 through the anchor rod 4. The support anchor plate 3 is provided with an anchor rod hole 31, and the inner diameter of the anchor rod hole 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor rod 4. One end of the anchor rod 4 is deeply fixed in the tunnel base 1, and the other end cooperates with the fastener to limit the movement of the support anchor plate 3 so that it can be vertically fixed on the tunnel base 1, and an independent spraying construction area is formed between multiple support anchor plates 3, which is convenient for regional construction during concrete spraying construction, and also convenient for the removal of the support anchor plate 3 after the construction is completed.

[0023] A detachment plate 32 is provided on the side of the support anchor plate 3 close to the sprayed concrete layer 9, and the detachment plate 32 and the support anchor plate 3 are limited by screws, and a through hole 33 is provided on the support anchor plate 3 to facilitate the penetration of the screw. The detachment plate 32 is provided to facilitate the removal of the support anchor plate 3, and the detachment plate 32 can also be combined with the sprayed concrete structure as needed. Only the main body of the support anchor plate 3 needs to be removed, and the detachment plate 32 is reserved in the sprayed concrete structure that solidifies later.

[0024] A steel mesh 5 is also provided in the sprayed concrete layer 9, and the steel mesh 5 is formed by a combination of multiple longitudinal beam steel bars 51 and transverse beam steel bars 52. Limiting pins 53 are provided at the contact points between the longitudinal beam steel bars 51 and the transverse beam steel bars 52. Both the longitudinal beam steel bars 51 and the transverse beam steel bars 52 are made of steel cables made of twisted steel wire strands, and the ends of the longitudinal beam steel bars 51 and the transverse beam steel bars 52 are fastened by tightening pieces on the support anchor plate 3. Steel cables are used instead of steel bars because they fit better. Limiting pins 53 are provided to increase the strength of the steel mesh 5 and also facilitate fixation.

[0025] A limiting seat 2 is set at the bottom of the support anchor plate 3, and the limiting seat 2 is composed of a flat outward mounting block 21, and a plurality of mounting blocks 21 are arranged side by side. A fixing hole 22 is set on the mounting block 21, and an anchor nail 7 for fixing the mounting block 21 is installed in the fixing hole 22. The limiting seat 2 is fixed in a specific position in advance by the anchor nail 7 before construction. On the one hand, it can be used to limit the position of the support anchor plate 3, and on the other hand, it can facilitate the fixation and support of the metal hanging mesh 6 and the steel mesh 5.

[0026] Working principle:

[0027] 1. During the construction of shotcrete structure, attention should be paid to the cleaning of loose base surface and control of seepage field, the hanging position of mesh and the spraying angle behind the steel structure, the thickness of the steel structure surface covering layer and the control of spraying distance.

[0028] 2. During construction, the metal mesh 6 is attached to the sprayed layer surface 8 of the tunnel base 1. The mesh diameter of the metal mesh 6 is greater than 150 mm. The sprayed layer surface 8 is formed after the initial layer of sprayed concrete solidifies. The middle of the metal mesh 6 is limited by anchor nails 7 and the outer side is fixed by limit seats 2.

[0029] 3. Drill anchor holes and install support anchor plates 3 according to the position of the limit seat 2 to determine the area to be constructed, and install the steel mesh 5 in the area using fasteners. Then, spray the second layer of concrete between the sprayed layer surface 8 and the steel mesh 5 so that it fills the surface of the steel mesh 5 outward. Scrape the sprayed surface of the second layer of concrete to make the surface of the second layer of concrete flat and free of concrete accumulation.

[0030] 4. Spray the third layer of concrete on the construction surface formed by the second layer of concrete to make it reach the set thickness, and then level it;

[0031] 5. The solidified sprayed layer surface 8, the metal hanging mesh 6, the second layer of concrete, the steel mesh 5 and the third layer of concrete together constitute the sprayed concrete structure.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel, characterized by: The invention comprises a tunnel base (1) and a sprayed concrete layer (9) sprayed on the tunnel base (1), wherein the tunnel base (1) is surface-treated to form a sprayed layer surface (8), and a metal hanging net (6) is attached to the sprayed layer surface (8), and the metal hanging net (6) is fixedly installed on the tunnel base (1) through anchor nails (7), and the anchor nails (7) are embedded and fixed on the tunnel base (1), and the sprayed concrete layer (9) is sprayed in partitioned areas, and the outer frame area of ​​the sprayed concrete layer (9) of the separately constructed partition is provided with a supporting anchor plate (3), and the supporting anchor plate (3) is fixedly installed on the tunnel base (1) through anchor rods (4).

2. The shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support anchor plate (3) is provided with an anchor rod hole (31), and the inner diameter of the anchor rod hole (31) is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor rod (4).

3. The shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting seat (2) is provided at the bottom of the support anchor plate (3), and the limiting seat (2) is composed of flat outward-facing mounting blocks (21), and a plurality of mounting blocks (21) are arranged side by side.

4. The shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting block (21) is provided with a fixing hole (22), and an anchor nail (7) for fixing the mounting block (21) is installed in the fixing hole (22).

5. The shotcrete structure for high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: A detachment plate (32) is provided on the side of the support anchor plate (3) close to the sprayed concrete layer (9), and the detachment plate (32) and the support anchor plate (3) are limited by screws, and a through hole (33) is provided on the support anchor plate (3) for facilitating the penetration of the screws.

6. A shotcrete structure for a high-speed railway tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A steel mesh (5) is also provided in the sprayed concrete layer (9), and the steel mesh (5) is formed by combining a plurality of longitudinal steel bars (51) and transverse steel bars (52), and contact points between the longitudinal steel bars (51) and the transverse steel bars (52) are provided with limiting pins (53).

7. The shotcrete structure for high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The longitudinal beam reinforcement (51) and the transverse beam reinforcement (52) are both made of steel cables made of twisted steel wires, and the ends of the longitudinal beam reinforcement (51) and the transverse beam reinforcement (52) are fastened by tightening members on the support anchor plate (3).

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