Hydrogen storage system
By utilizing the difference between the phase change temperature of the phase change material and the temperature difference between the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage system, the self-sufficiency of heat is achieved, solving the problem of complex external systems in the prior art heat exchange, and improving the energy utilization efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421771305.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the heat exchange of heat when using thermally conductive oil to absorb and release hydrogen with solid hydrogen storage materials requires the design of a complex external system, and the heat released when charged with hydrogen cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in waste of energy.
A hydrogen storage system is designed, including a container and a heater, with a phase change material chamber and a hydrogen storage material chamber. The phase change temperature of the phase change material is different from the hydrogen absorption and hydrogen discharge temperature of the hydrogen storage material to achieve self-sufficiency of heat and heat replenishment when necessary through the heater.
It realizes self-sufficiency of heat during hydrogen storage, reduces the consumption of external energy, avoids heat loss, and ensures the continuous working of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223282893U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage, and particularly to a hydrogen storage system. Background Art
[0002] Currently, the hydrogen absorption and release of solid hydrogen storage materials are accompanied by a large amount of heat transfer. When hydrogen is adsorbed, the hydrogen storage material releases a large amount of heat, while when hydrogen is desorbed, a large amount of heat needs to be absorbed. The commonly used technical means currently are that when hydrogen is filled, heat-conducting oil enters the hydrogen storage container to carry out the heat, and when hydrogen is released, external energy is used to heat the heat-conducting oil, and the heat-conducting oil circulates into the hydrogen storage container, and heat exchange is carried out through the pipeline to provide heat to the hydrogen storage material. This method requires the design of a complex external system, and when hydrogen is filled, the released heat needs to have an external application to increase its value, otherwise it can only be wasted. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a hydrogen storage system, which to a certain extent solves the technical problem in the prior art that when using heat-conducting oil to exchange heat with solid hydrogen storage materials during hydrogen absorption and release, this method requires the design of a complex external system, and when hydrogen is filled, the released heat needs to have an external application to increase its value, otherwise it can only be wasted.
[0004] This application provides a hydrogen storage system, including a container and a heater; wherein, a phase change material chamber and a hydrogen storage material chamber are formed in the container, the hydrogen storage material chamber stores a hydrogen storage material, and the heater is arranged in the hydrogen storage material chamber; the phase change material chamber stores a phase change material, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet are formed in the phase change material chamber.
[0005] The phase change temperature of the phase change material is T1, the hydrogen absorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material is T2, and the hydrogen release temperature of the hydrogen storage material is T3, where T3 < T1 < T2, so that the hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage material is an exothermic reaction, and the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage material is an endothermic reaction.
[0006] In the above technical solution, further, an outer insulation layer is coated on the outer wall of the container.
[0007] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the hydrogen storage system further includes a temperature detection component, and the detection end of the temperature detection component is arranged in the phase change material chamber and extends along the height direction of the phase change material chamber.
[0008] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the phase change material chamber is provided with a filling port, and the filling port is equipped with a detachable sealing plug.
[0009] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the hydrogen storage system further includes a liquid level display, the liquid level display is disposed outside the container, and the liquid level display is connected to the phase change material chamber for detecting the liquid level of the phase change material in the phase change material chamber.
[0010] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the hydrogen storage system further includes a pressure detector, and the detection end of the pressure detector is connected to the inside of the phase change material chamber for detecting the pressure of the phase change material in the phase change material chamber.
[0011] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heater is an electric heater.
[0012] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heater is spirally arranged along the height direction of the hydrogen storage material chamber.
[0013] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the heater is linearly arranged along the height direction of the hydrogen storage material chamber.
[0014] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the hydrogen storage system further includes a delivery pipeline, a vacuum pump, and a valve; wherein, the hydrogen storage material chamber is equipped with the delivery pipeline, the delivery pipeline is disposed outside the container, and is connected to the hydrogen inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage material chamber; the vacuum pump is connected to the delivery pipeline, and the valve is disposed at the hydrogen inlet and outlet.
[0015] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is designed as T1, the hydrogen absorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material is designed as T2, and the hydrogen desorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material is designed as T3, where T3 < T1 < T2, so that the hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage material is an exothermic reaction, and the hydrogen desorption of the hydrogen storage material is an endothermic reaction.
[0016] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the area of the container surrounding the hydrogen storage material chamber is the phase change material chamber.
[0017] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the number of the hydrogen storage material chambers is multiple and evenly arranged.
[0018] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the hydrogen storage material chamber and the phase change material chamber are sequentially spaced and alternately arranged along a preset direction.
[0019] In any of the above technical solutions, further, there are multiple hydrogen storage material chambers, and they are arranged in sequence along the preset direction, wherein a phase change material chamber is arranged between any two adjacent hydrogen storage material chambers, and along the preset direction, a phase change material chamber is respectively arranged between the first hydrogen storage material chamber and the last hydrogen storage material chamber and the two side walls of the container corresponding to each other.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0021] The hydrogen storage system provided by the present application absorbs the heat generated by hydrogen adsorption, and the phase change material undergoes a phase change, transforming into a liquid. When dehydrogenating, the temperature of the hydrogen storage material decreases due to the release of hydrogen, thereby absorbing heat from the phase change material, causing the phase change material to decrease in temperature and transform into a solid. It can be seen that the present application provides a hydrogen storage system based on magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage and high-temperature phase change materials, which fully utilizes the characteristics of the phase change material to store the heat adsorbed by hydrogen and utilizes it when dehydrogenating, thereby achieving self-sufficiency in heat during the hydrogen charging and dehydrogenating process within the system and reducing the consumption of external energy. At the same time, in order to avoid long-term storage and heat loss in the system, thereby preventing hydrogen from being discharged or reaching the reaction temperature of hydrogen charging, a heater is provided in the hydrogen storage material chamber to supplement the heat of the container, thereby achieving cyclic operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.
[0023] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0026] Reference numerals:
[0027] 1-container, 11-phase change material chamber, 111-filling port, 112-pressure detection port, 12-hydrogen storage material chamber, 121-hydrogen inlet and outlet, 2-heater, 3-outer insulation layer, 4-temperature detection component, 5-liquid level display. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.
[0029] The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application.
[0030] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0033] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 3 A hydrogen storage system according to some embodiments of the present application is described.
[0034] Example 1
[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen storage system, including a container 1 and a heater 2; wherein, at least one phase change material chamber 11 and at least one hydrogen storage material chamber 12 are formed in the container 1. The hydrogen storage material chamber 12 stores a hydrogen storage material, and the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 is provided with a heater 2; the phase change material chamber 11 stores a phase change material, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet 121 is formed in the phase change material chamber 11;
[0036] The phase change temperature of the phase change material is T1, the hydrogen absorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material is T2, and the hydrogen release temperature of the hydrogen storage material is T3. Among them, T3 < T1 < T2, so that the hydrogen storage process of the hydrogen storage material is an exothermic reaction, and the hydrogen release process of the hydrogen storage material is an endothermic reaction.
[0037] According to the structure described above, the working process of the hydrogen storage system provided by the present application is as follows:
[0038] The phase change material and the hydrogen storage material are encapsulated in the container 1. The phase change temperature of the phase change material is designed as T1, the hydrogen absorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material is designed as T2, T2 > T1, and the hydrogen release temperature of the hydrogen storage material is designed as T3, T3 < T1. That is, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is lower than the hydrogen absorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material and higher than the hydrogen release temperature of the hydrogen storage material. In this way, the hydrogen storage process is an exothermic reaction;
[0039] Based on the above, during hydrogen storage, it is an exothermic reaction, and the released chemical energy is absorbed by the phase change material, generating a solid-liquid phase change. The generated thermal energy is converted into the latent heat of the phase change material, and at the same time, it can prevent the temperature of the hydrogen storage material from rising continuously and affecting the hydrogen storage capacity; during hydrogen release, due to the absorption of heat during the hydrogen release reaction, the temperature of the hydrogen storage material drops, thereby absorbing the temperature of the phase change material. The temperature of the phase change energy storage material drops, generating a phase change and releasing latent heat, realizing the recycling of energy. And when the heat is insufficient in both processes, the heater 2 can be used to supplement the heat to realize the continuous hydrogen charging and discharging. In addition, the heater 2 can also provide the heat for the initial reaction or the heat for starting the cold state system.
[0040] Combined with the above, when the hydrogen storage system adsorbs hydrogen, the generated heat is absorbed by the solid phase change material, and the phase change material undergoes a phase change and turns into a liquid. When releasing hydrogen, due to the release of hydrogen, the temperature of the hydrogen storage material decreases, thereby absorbing heat from the phase change material and reducing the temperature of the phase change material, turning it into a solid. It can be seen that the present application provides a hydrogen storage system based on magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage and high-temperature phase change materials, which makes full use of the characteristics of the phase change material to store the heat generated during hydrogen adsorption and utilize it during hydrogen release, thereby achieving self-sufficiency of the heat during the hydrogen charging and discharging process in the system, reducing the consumption of external energy. At the same time, in order to avoid heat loss during long-term storage, resulting in the inability to release hydrogen or reach the reaction temperature for hydrogen charging, a heater 2 is provided in the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 for heat supplement of the container 1, thereby realizing the cyclic operation of the system.
[0041] Furthermore, preferably, the hydrogen storage material may be a solid-state hydrogen storage material, and preferably a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material. Of course, it is not limited thereto and may be selected according to actual needs.
[0042] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the area of the container 1 located outside the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 is the phase change material chamber 11 , and preferably, the number of the hydrogen storage material chambers 12 is multiple and evenly arranged.
[0043] According to the structure described above, the multiple hydrogen storage material chambers 12 and the peripheral phase change material chamber 11 are in the shape of honeycomb coal, and the multiple hydrogen storage material chambers 12 are evenly arranged in the peripheral phase change material chamber 11 to ensure the uniformity of heat exchange, and the entire phase change material chamber 11 is connected, so only a liquid level display 5 and a pressure sensor described below need to be provided.
[0044] It should be noted that the number of hydrogen storage material chambers 12 is not limited to multiple, but can also be one. The phase change material chamber 11 is annular and is arranged around the periphery of the hydrogen storage material chamber 12, and is specifically arranged according to actual needs.
[0045] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the outer wall of the container 1 is covered with an outer insulation layer 3.
[0046] According to the structure described above, the outer insulation layer 3 is used to keep the entire container 1 warm and avoid heat loss.
[0047] Furthermore, preferably, the outer side wall of the container 1 is covered with an outer insulation layer 3. Of course, it is not limited to this. The bottom wall and the top wall of the container 1 can also be covered with an outer insulation layer 3, which can be selected according to actual needs.
[0048] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage system further includes a temperature detection component 4 . The phase change material chamber 11 is equipped with the temperature detection component 4 . The detection end of the temperature detection component 4 is disposed in the phase change material chamber 11 and extends along the height direction of the phase change material chamber 11 .
[0049] According to the structure described above, it is known that the temperature detecting member 4 extending along the height direction of the phase change material chamber 11 can detect the temperature at different positions in the container 1 .
[0050] Furthermore, preferably, the temperature detection member 4 is a thermocouple.
[0051] Furthermore, preferably, a protective sleeve is provided on the exterior of the temperature detection member 4. Of course, the invention is not limited thereto, and the thermal insulation sleeve may not be provided, depending on actual needs.
[0052] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the phase change material chamber 11 is provided with a filling port 111 , and the filling port 111 is equipped with a detachable sealing plug.
[0053] According to the structure described above, the phase change material can be filled into the phase change material chamber through this filling port 111. Especially when it is found that the phase change material is insufficient after a period of reaction, the phase change material can be replenished into the phase change material chamber through this filling port 111 to ensure the normal operation of the system.
[0054] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage system also includes a liquid level display 5. The phase change material chamber 11 is equipped with a liquid level display 5. The liquid level display 5 is arranged outside the container 1, and the liquid level display 5 is connected to the phase change material chamber 11 for detecting the liquid level of the phase change material in the phase change material chamber 11.
[0055] According to the structure described above, the liquid level display 5 is used to monitor the liquid level of the liquid phase change material in real time. When the phase change material is insufficient, the phase change material can be replenished into the phase change material chamber through the filling port 111 to ensure normal operation of the system.
[0056] In this embodiment, preferably, the hydrogen storage system further includes a pressure detector (not shown in the figure), the phase change material chamber 11 is equipped with a pressure detector, and the detection end of the pressure detector is connected to the interior of the phase change material chamber 11, for detecting the pressure of the phase change material in the phase change material chamber 11.
[0057] According to the structure described above, it can be seen that the pressure detector is used to monitor the pressure in the phase change material chamber 11 in real time to avoid excessive pressure and safety risks.
[0058] Further, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the phase change material chamber 11 is formed with a pressure detection port 112 , and a pressure sensor is installed at the pressure detection port 112 .
[0059] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the heater 2 is an electric heater.
[0060] According to the structure described above, the electric heater is more convenient and safer to use.
[0061] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the heater 2 is arranged in a spiral shape along the height direction of the hydrogen storage material chamber 12.
[0062] According to the structure described above, the spiral heater 2 is used to increase the heating area and thus improve the heating effect.
[0063] It should be noted that the structure of the heater 2 is not limited to the above, and heaters 2 with other structures can also be used. For example, the heater 2 is arranged in a straight line along the height direction of the hydrogen storage material chamber 12, and further, preferably, the number of heaters 2 is multiple, and they are arranged in sequence along the outer periphery of the hydrogen storage material chamber 12.
[0064] In this embodiment, preferably, the hydrogen storage system also includes a delivery pipeline, a vacuum pump and a valve (not shown in the figure); wherein, the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 is equipped with a delivery pipeline, the delivery pipeline is arranged outside the container 1, and is connected to the hydrogen inlet and outlet 121 of the hydrogen storage material chamber 12; the vacuum pump is connected to the delivery pipeline, and the valve is arranged at the hydrogen inlet and outlet 121.
[0065] According to the structure described above, when the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 releases hydrogen, the valve is opened and the hydrogen is released outside the device for use by the back-end equipment. In order to speed up the flow of hydrogen, the vacuum pump can be turned on; when the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 absorbs hydrogen, the valve is kept open and external hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 for hydrogen adsorption.
[0066] Of course, this is not limited to the above, and only one hydrogen storage tank may be connected to the hydrogen inlet and outlet 121 of the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 through a pipeline, and the specific selection is based on actual needs.
[0067] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 stores magnesium-based hydrogen storage material. Of course, it is not limited to this and can be selected according to actual needs.
[0068] Example 2
[0069] The hydrogen storage system in this embodiment is a variation of the first embodiment. The technical contents disclosed in the first embodiment will not be described repeatedly, and the contents disclosed in the first embodiment also belong to the contents disclosed in this embodiment.
[0070] The structural difference between the hydrogen storage system provided in this embodiment and the hydrogen storage system provided in the first embodiment is that: in this embodiment, preferably, Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple hydrogen storage material chambers 12, which are sequentially spaced along a preset direction, wherein a phase change material chamber 11 is provided between any two adjacent hydrogen storage material chambers 12, and along the preset direction, a phase change material chamber 11 is provided between the first hydrogen storage material chamber 12 and the last hydrogen storage material chamber 12 and the two side walls of the container 1 that correspond one to one. It should be noted that: Figure 3This is a top view of the hydrogen storage system.
[0071] It should be noted that: in the horizontal and vertical directions within the horizontal plane, the phase change material chamber 11 and the hydrogen storage material chamber 12 are completely independent, the interiors of the two chambers are separated, and the phase change material chamber 11 and the phase change material chamber 11 are also completely independent and completely separated.
[0072] According to the structure described above, multiple hydrogen material chambers and multiple phase change material chambers 11 are designed, and a phase change material chamber 11 is set on both sides of each hydrogen storage material chamber 12. The hydrogen storage material in each hydrogen storage material chamber 12 simultaneously exchanges heat with the phase change materials in the two adjacent phase change material chambers 11 during hydrogen charging and discharging, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and improving the working efficiency of the system.
[0073] Furthermore, preferably, each phase change material chamber 11 is provided with a filling port 111 , and each phase change material chamber 11 is provided with a pressure detector, a liquid level display 5 and a temperature sensor, so as to monitor each phase change material chamber 11 .
[0074] Furthermore, preferably, the container 1 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
[0075] It should be noted that the number of hydrogen storage material chambers 12 and phase change material chambers 11 is not limited to multiple. The number of hydrogen storage material chambers 12 and phase change material chambers 11 can also be only one, which is selected according to actual needs.
[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: It includes a container and a heater; wherein, a phase change material chamber and a hydrogen storage material chamber are formed inside the container, the hydrogen storage material chamber stores a hydrogen storage material, and the heater is provided in the hydrogen storage material chamber; the phase change material chamber stores a phase change material, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet is formed in the phase change material chamber; The phase change temperature of the phase change material is T1, the hydrogen absorption temperature of the hydrogen storage material is T2, and the hydrogen release temperature of the hydrogen storage material is T3, where T3 < T1 < T2, so that the hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage material is an exothermic reaction and the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage material is an endothermic reaction.
2. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer wall of the container is coated with an outer insulation layer.
3. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen storage system further includes a temperature detection component, the phase change material chamber is equipped with the temperature detection component, the detection end of the temperature detection component is arranged inside the phase change material chamber and extends along the height direction of the phase change material chamber; and / or The phase change material chamber is provided with a filling port, and the filling port is equipped with a detachable sealing plug.
4. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen storage system further includes a liquid level display, the phase change material chamber is equipped with the liquid level display, the liquid level display is arranged outside the container, and the liquid level display is communicated with the phase change material chamber for detecting the liquid level of the phase change material in the phase change material chamber; and / or The hydrogen storage system further includes a pressure detector, the phase change material chamber is equipped with the pressure detector, and the detection end of the pressure detector is communicated with the inside of the phase change material chamber for detecting the pressure of the phase change material in the phase change material chamber.
5. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heater is an electric heater; and / or The heater is spirally arranged along the height direction of the hydrogen storage material chamber; or The heater is linearly arranged along the height direction of the hydrogen storage material chamber.
6. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen storage system further includes a delivery pipeline, a vacuum pump and a valve; wherein, the delivery pipeline is equipped in the hydrogen storage material chamber, the delivery pipeline is arranged outside the container and is communicated with the hydrogen inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage material chamber; the vacuum pump is communicated with the delivery pipeline, and the valve is arranged at the hydrogen inlet and outlet.
7. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The area of the container surrounding the hydrogen storage material chamber is the phase change material chamber.
8. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the hydrogen storage material chambers is multiple and they are evenly arranged.
9. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage material chambers and the phase change material chambers are sequentially spaced and alternately arranged along a preset direction.
10. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of the hydrogen storage material chambers is multiple, and they are sequentially spaced along the preset direction. One phase change material chamber is arranged between any two adjacent hydrogen storage material chambers, and one phase change material chamber is respectively arranged between the first hydrogen storage material chamber and the last hydrogen storage material chamber and the corresponding two side walls of the container along the preset direction.